A Mobile-IP Based Mobility System A Mobile-IP Based Mobility System for Wireless Metropolitan Area for Wireless Metropolitan Area NetworksNetworks

Chung-Kuo Chang;Chung-Kuo Chang;Parallel Processing, 2005. ICPP 2005 Workshops. InternatioParallel Processing, 2005. ICPP 2005 Workshops. International Conference Workshops on 14-17 June 2005 page(s):42nal Conference Workshops on 14-17 June 2005 page(s):42

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Presented by Jen-Hung Liao

2006/04/04

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OutlineOutline

IntroductionIntroduction Related WorkRelated Work Architecture WiMax NetworksArchitecture WiMax Networks Mobile-IP Based HandoffMobile-IP Based Handoff The Prototype Mobile SystemThe Prototype Mobile System Performance AnalysisPerformance Analysis ConclusionConclusion

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IntroductionIntroduction

The success of WiFi network with IEEEThe success of WiFi network with IEEE802.11x technology802.11x technology

Cellular based – 3G networkCellular based – 3G network WiMax solution based on IEEE802.16 tWiMax solution based on IEEE802.16 t

echnologyechnology– IEEE802.16aIEEE802.16a– IEEE802.16eIEEE802.16e

WiMax is beyond the capability of WiFiWiMax is beyond the capability of WiFi

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Introduction Introduction (cont.)(cont.)

WiMax is required to support low latenWiMax is required to support low latency of less than 100ms and zero packet lcy of less than 100ms and zero packet loss during handoffsoss during handoffs

A metropolitan network will consist of A metropolitan network will consist of various wireless accessing technologievarious wireless accessing technologiess

WiMax success depends on the integraWiMax success depends on the integration of mechanisms to deal with handtion of mechanisms to deal with handoffsoffs

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Related WorkRelated Work

Fast and seamless for intra-domain Fast and seamless for intra-domain mobilitymobility– The hierarchical MIP scheme is one of the

favorites mechanism The design of gateway has a strong

influence on our design as well A metropolitan network consists of A metropolitan network consists of

multiple technologies where various multiple technologies where various vertical handoff mechanisms are an vertical handoff mechanisms are an integral part of such heterogeneous integral part of such heterogeneous networksnetworks

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Architecture of WiMax netArchitecture of WiMax networksworks A typical metropolitan network

– consists of one (or more) Base Station (BS) that is connected to the internet infrastructure and a group of Mobile Subscriber Stations (MSS)

IEEEIEEE802.16a IEEE802.16eIEEE802.16e Mobility AgentMobility Agent

– Acts as the termination points of the tunnel carrying data from the home network of the MSS

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Architecture of WiMax netArchitecture of WiMax networks works (cont.)(cont.)

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Mobile-IP based Mobile-IP based handoffhandoff Mobile-IPMobile-IP

– Mobile-IP allows a mobile node to Mobile-IP allows a mobile node to move form one place to another move form one place to another without changing its home addresswithout changing its home address

– The handoff latency in a Mobile-IP The handoff latency in a Mobile-IP includes the time taken to register includes the time taken to register the mobile node’s location and time the mobile node’s location and time taken to configure a new care-of taken to configure a new care-of addressaddress

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Mobile-IP based handoff Mobile-IP based handoff (cont.)(cont.)

In case of WiMaxIn case of WiMax– It implement the mobility management sIt implement the mobility management s

ystem following the Mobile-IPystem following the Mobile-IP Drawbacks in the MANDrawbacks in the MAN

– Mobile-IP is a network layer solutionMobile-IP is a network layer solution– Messages sent to the MMS that long delaMessages sent to the MMS that long dela

y due to the tunnelingy due to the tunneling– It doesn’t supporting handoff of heteroIt doesn’t supporting handoff of hetero

geneous network geneous network

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Hierarchical micro-Hierarchical micro-mobilitymobility

MAN is intended to cover an area MAN is intended to cover an area of 30 miles in radiusof 30 miles in radius

Two kinds of mobility can be Two kinds of mobility can be defined according to the mobile defined according to the mobile user’s movement patternuser’s movement pattern

Hierarchical Mobile-IP is intended Hierarchical Mobile-IP is intended to reduce the handoff latencyto reduce the handoff latency

MAP makes nothing is to be MAP makes nothing is to be communicated with the home communicated with the home agentagent

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Hierarchical micro-Hierarchical micro-mobility mobility (cont.)(cont.)

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Vertical handoffVertical handoff

The handoff in Mobile-IP is horizontal handoffThe handoff in Mobile-IP is horizontal handoff Vertical handoff mechanism which covers Vertical handoff mechanism which covers

handoff over different wireless technologieshandoff over different wireless technologies Mobile user could switch between different Mobile user could switch between different

access technologiesaccess technologies It must be provided in software consistently It must be provided in software consistently

between the BS and mobile userbetween the BS and mobile user It will monitor the signaling strength to It will monitor the signaling strength to

decide the proper technology and time to decide the proper technology and time to switch overswitch over

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Vertical handoff Vertical handoff (cont.)(cont.)

High endLocal area

High speed moving Low speed movingWide Area

Satellite

本地范围

software agents + hardware support for heterogeneity software agents + hardware support for heterogeneity managementmanagement

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Fast handoffFast handoff

Hierarchical micro-mobility still takes Hierarchical micro-mobility still takes 300ms to 400ms of delay time during 300ms to 400ms of delay time during handoffhandoff

The fast handoff scheme intends to The fast handoff scheme intends to reduce the handoff delay by minimize the reduce the handoff delay by minimize the address resolution delay timeaddress resolution delay time

It achieves this by pre-configuration of the It achieves this by pre-configuration of the care-of address in the visiting networkcare-of address in the visiting network

The MSS to broadcast its knowledge to The MSS to broadcast its knowledge to the potential target BS so that they can the potential target BS so that they can decide the context of the car-of-address decide the context of the car-of-address before the handoff is initiatedbefore the handoff is initiated

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Network mobilityNetwork mobility

Access points deployed on a public transportatiAccess points deployed on a public transportationon

The protocols are hierarchical based for supporThe protocols are hierarchical based for supporting seamless connectivity of mobile hoststing seamless connectivity of mobile hosts

The Mobile Router which acts as a gatewayThe Mobile Router which acts as a gateway The MR would act as the foreign agent and provThe MR would act as the foreign agent and prov

ide a foreign agent care-of address to the mobilide a foreign agent care-of address to the mobile nodes.e nodes.

Packets addressed to the mobile nodes within tPackets addressed to the mobile nodes within the mobile network go through the MR's Home Ahe mobile network go through the MR's Home Agent as well as the mobile node's Home Agent.gent as well as the mobile node's Home Agent.

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Mobile routerMobile router 運作示意運作示意

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The prototype mobility The prototype mobility systemsystem

Soft ware modulesSoft ware modules– It follows the HMIP designs to include the It follows the HMIP designs to include the

MAPMAP– There are six major components in the moThere are six major components in the mo

bility manager:bility manager: A Foreign agent moduleA Foreign agent module A Tunneling moduleA Tunneling module A Link Monitor moduleA Link Monitor module A QoS moduleA QoS module A Security moduleA Security module A Billing moduleA Billing module

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Handoff procedureHandoff procedure

MSS Serving BS

Target BSbeacon

beacon

Registration RequestHandoff Initiation

Handoff Decision

Handoff Decision

Bind UpdateHandoff ACK

Handoff ACK

Data Packets

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Metropolitan medical Metropolitan medical networknetwork

Its primary goal is to provide real time Its primary goal is to provide real time sharing of clinical and laboratory data sharing of clinical and laboratory data amongst medical hospitals and other amongst medical hospitals and other health entitieshealth entities

This type of network is very advantageous This type of network is very advantageous for both patients and the health providersfor both patients and the health providers

Emergency physicians can obtain in real Emergency physicians can obtain in real time the patient data and medical images time the patient data and medical images over the network when the patient is in over the network when the patient is in transit on the ambulancetransit on the ambulance

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Metropolitan medical Metropolitan medical networknetwork

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Performance Analysis

Mobility mechanisms based on other technologies have also been proposed– MPLS techniques– WiBro technology

It has been using the ns-2 simulator to It has been using the ns-2 simulator to study performance, study performance, it is based on a fixed network topology and a variation on the radius of the signal

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Performance Analysis (cont.)

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Conclusion

It presents as a challenge to introduce mobility into wireless metropolitan networks

The proposed solution to reduce the overheads associated with fast moving users

The effectiveness of WiMax will be tested when the concept of wireless city becomes popular and the usage of broadband handheld devices becomes the mainstream of daily life