A population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring is a(n)

a.evolved populationb.adaptive radiationc.niched.species

A population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring is a(n)

a.evolved populationb.adaptive radiationc.niched.species

In a population of bears, which would be considered the fittest (in an evolutionary sense)?

A) the bear that blends in with its environment the best

B) the strongest, fiercest bearC) the biggest bearD) the bear that leaves the most

descendants

In a population of bears, which would be considered the fittest (in an evolutionary sense)?

A) the bear that blends in with its environment the best

B) the strongest, fiercest bearC) the biggest bearD) the bear that leaves the most

descendants

Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are comically clumsy when they walk on land. Evolutionary scientists view these feet as

A) an example of a trait that is poorly adapted.

B) the outcome of a tradeoff: webbed feet perform poorly on land, but are very helpful in diving for food.

C) an example of a trait that has not evolved.D) a curiosity that has little to teach us

regarding evolution.

Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are comically clumsy when they walk on land. Evolutionary scientists view these feet as

A) an example of a trait that is poorly adapted.

B) the outcome of a tradeoff: webbed feet perform poorly on land, but are very helpful in diving for food.

C) an example of a trait that has not evolved.D) a curiosity that has little to teach us

regarding evolution.

Which one of the following was not a main idea that Darwin advanced in his works?  

A) species change over time  B) living species have arisen from earlier life

forms  C) modern species arose through a process

known as "descent with modification"  D) new species can form by inheritance of

characteristics acquired during an individual’s life  

E) new species arise by natural selection

Which one of the following was not a main idea that Darwin advanced in his works?  

A) species change over time  B) living species have arisen from earlier life

forms  C) modern species arose through a process

known as "descent with modification"  D) new species can form by inheritance of

characteristics acquired during an individual’s life  

E) new species arise by natural selection

_____ and _____ generate variation, while ______ results in adaptation to the environment

A) genetic drift natural selectionmutation

B) mutation sexual reproduction natural selection

C) sexual reproduction natural selection mutationD) natural selection mutation sexual recombination

_____ and _____ generate variation, while ______ results in adaptation to the environment

A) genetic drift natural selectionmutation

B) mutation sexual reproduction natural selection

C) sexual reproduction natural selection mutationD) natural selection mutation sexual recombination

Which term describes structures similar in purpose but not inherited from a common ancestor?

a.homologousb.analogousc.vestigiald.embryonic

Which term describes structures similar in purpose but not inherited from a common ancestor?

a.homologousb.analogousc.vestigiald.embryonic

As a result of sexual reproduction, the rate of evolutionary change in the plant and animal kingdoms has been greatly speeded up because

A) characteristic change less frequent than in asexual reproduction

B) two parents have fewer offspring than one parent

C) the offspring show more diversity than in asexual reproduction

D) environmental changes never affect organisms produced by asexual reproduction

As a result of sexual reproduction, the rate of evolutionary change in the plant and animal kingdoms has been greatly speeded up because

A) characteristic change less frequent than in asexual reproduction

B) two parents have fewer offspring than one parent

C) the offspring show more diversity than in asexual reproduction

D) environmental changes never affect organisms produced by asexual reproduction

The hip bone of a python and the human tail bone are each examples of _____

a.Biogenesisb.Fossil recordc.Homologous structuresd.Vestigial Structures

The hip bone of a python and the human tail bone are each examples of _____

a.Biogenesisb.Fossil recordc.Homologous structuresd.Vestigial Structures

The human arm, the whale fin, and the bat wing are similar structures that result from evolution from a common ancestor. They are

a.divergent structuresb.vestigial structuresc.homologous structuresd.analogous structures

The human arm, the whale fin, and the bat wing are similar structures that result from evolution from a common ancestor. They are

a.divergent structuresb.vestigial structuresc.homologous structuresd.analogous structures

Fossils are formeda.from animals but not plantsb.most often in sedimentary rockc.from soft tissues of organismsd.only when the weather is warm 

Fossils are formeda.from animals but not plantsb.most often in sedimentary rockc.from soft tissues of organismsd.only when the weather is warm 

In the struggle for existence, the organisms that survive are usually the

a.largestb.strongestc.fittestd.smartest

In the struggle for existence, the organisms that survive are usually the

a.largestb.strongestc.fittestd.smartest

A similarity in DNA sequence between two species

a.does not indicate a relationshipb.is a genetic coincidencec.is impossibled.suggests a close relationship

A similarity in DNA sequence between two species

a.does not indicate a relationshipb.is a genetic coincidencec.is impossibled.suggests a close relationship

If a species lacks the variations needed to survive in a changing environment, it will most likely

a.acquire them through evolutionb.become extinctc.evolve into a lower formd.evolve into a higher form

If a species lacks the variations needed to survive in a changing environment, it will most likely

a.acquire them through evolutionb.become extinctc.evolve into a lower formd.evolve into a higher form

An inherited trait that increases chances of survival and reproduction is

a.a mutationb.not possible in naturec.a genotyped.an adaptation

An inherited trait that increases chances of survival and reproduction is

a.a mutationb.not possible in naturec.a genotyped.an adaptation

In the process of evolution, the effect of the environment is to

a.generate variation within the species b.prevent the occurrence of mutationsc.act as a selective pressure on variations

that exist within the speciesd.provide favorable conditions for the

survival of the species

In the process of evolution, the effect of the environment is to

a.generate variation within the species b.prevent the occurrence of mutationsc.act as a selective pressure on variations

that exist within the speciesd.provide favorable conditions for the

survival of the species

Which of the following provides evidence that vertebrates evolved from a common ancestor?

A) homologous structuresB) the presence of similar genesC) the presence of vestigial tail bones even

in vertebrate species that do not have a functional tail

D) All of the choices are correct

Which of the following provides evidence that vertebrates evolved from a common ancestor?

A) homologous structuresB) the presence of similar genesC) the presence of vestigial tail bones even

in vertebrate species that do not have a functional tail

D) All of the choices are correct

Populations are likely to evolve into separate species if

a) they interbreedb) genes are exchanged between the

populationsc) environmental conditions are similard) reproductive or geographic isolation

occurs

Populations are likely to evolve into separate species if

a) they interbreedb) genes are exchanged between the

populationsc) environmental conditions are similard) reproductive or geographic isolation

occurs

According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the common ancestor of lungfishes and amphibians?

a.Species 1b.Species 2c.Species 3d.Species 4e.Species 5f. Species 6

 

According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the common ancestor of lungfishes and amphibians?

a.Species 1b.Species 2c.Species 3d.Species 4e.Species 5f. Species 6

 

According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the common ancestor of tetrapods and amniotes?

a.Species 1b.Species 2c.Species 3d.Species 4e.Species 5f. Species 6

 

According to this evolutionary tree, which species is the common ancestor of tetrapods and amniotes?

a.Species 1b.Species 2c.Species 3d.Species 4e.Species 5f. Species 6

 

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored.

After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of

a.darker tree trunksb.darker mothsc.lighter tree trunksd.lighter moths 

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored.

After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of

a.darker tree trunksb.darker mothsc.lighter tree trunksd.lighter moths 

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of darker tree trunks.

The moth population became darker becausea. they were covered with sootb. birds were more likely to find and eat dark

mothsc. birds were more likely to find and eat light mothsd. the adults changed color to escape the birds  

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of darker tree trunks.

The moth population became darker becausea. they were covered with sootb. birds were more likely to find and eat dark

mothsc. birds were more likely to find and eat light mothsd. the adults changed color to escape the birds  

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of darker tree trunks. The moth population became darker because birds were more likely to find and eat light moths.

Birds in this case are examples ofa.an environmental pressureb.a variationc.an adaptationd.co-evolution

 

In England before 1850 (pre-Industrial Revolution), tree trunks were light-colored and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of darker tree trunks. The moth population became darker because birds were more likely to find and eat light moths.

Birds in this case are examples ofa.an environmental pressureb.a variationc.an adaptationd.co-evolution

 

The diagram below represents undisturbed rock strata in a given region. A representative fossil of an organism is illustrated in each layer.

Which fossil is oldest? _____________________________

Which fossil is youngest? ____________________________

 

The diagram below represents undisturbed rock strata in a given region. A representative fossil of an organism is illustrated in each layer.

Which fossil is oldest? __Fossil of Organism A_________

Which fossil is youngest? ___ Fossil of Organism C _____

 

Which statement best describes a relationship between these representative organisms? 

a.Organism A was probably more structurally advanced than organism B and organism C.

b.Organism C probably gave rise to organism A and organism B. 

c.All of these organisms probably evolved at the same time. d.Organism A was probably more primitive than organisms

B and C.

 

Which statement best describes a relationship between these representative organisms? 

a.Organism A was probably more structurally advanced than organism B and organism C.

b.Organism C probably gave rise to organism A and organism B. 

c.All of these organisms probably evolved at the same time. d.Organism A was probably more primitive than organisms

B and C.

 

More than 1.5 million species of animals have been described, yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building blocks. This is evidence that all animals have

a)a common ancestor. b)identical fossilsc)similar appearancesd)the exact same DNA sequences.

 

More than 1.5 million species of animals have been described, yet all of them have DNA that is made of the same building blocks. This is evidence that all animals have

a)a common ancestor. b)identical fossilsc)similar appearancesd)the exact same DNA sequences.

 

Use the following DNA sequences to answer the question below.  Honey bee: G A T T C A G T C A Bumble bee: G A T T C A G T C GCarpenter bee: G T T T C A T T C A Leafcutter bee: C A T T G A C T C A Mason bee: C T A A G G C T A A Digger bee: G T T T G G C C A A

 Which of the following is a valid conclusion based up on the data above?a) Honey bees are more closely related to bumble bees than they are to

leafcutter bees b) Mason bees are the honey bees closest "relatives"c) Carpenter bees are the bees least closely related to honey beesd) Mason bees are more closely related to honey bees than carpenter bees are

 

Use the following DNA sequences to answer the question below.  Honey bee: G A T T C A G T C A Bumble bee: G A T T C A G T C GCarpenter bee: G T T T C A T T C A Leafcutter bee: C A T T G A C T C A Mason bee: C T A A G G C T A A Digger bee: G T T T G G C C A A

 Which of the following is a valid conclusion based up on the data above?a) Honey bees are more closely related to bumble bees than they are to

leafcutter bees b) Mason bees are the honey bees closest "relatives"c) Carpenter bees are the bees least closely related to honey beesd) Mason bees are more closely related to honey bees than carpenter bees are

 

Refer to the diagram below. With one exception, all of these structures are homologous. Which of these structures represents an analogous structure?

  

 

Refer to the diagram below. With one exception, all of these structures are homologous. Which of these structures represents an analogous structure?

  

 

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 

The few eggs surviving in culture medium Y probably

A) inherited an acquired characteristic.B) became resistant by the law of use.C) acquired a gene for resistance after DDT was added.D) had a variation for resistance to DDT.

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 

The few eggs surviving in culture medium Y probably

A) inherited an acquired characteristic.B) became resistant by the law of use.C) acquired a gene for resistance after DDT was added.D) had a variation for resistance to DDT.

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 

Addition of the DDT is a(n)

A) change in the environment

B) variation

C) stablilizing factor

D) acquired characteristic

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 

Addition of the DDT is a(n)

A) change in the environment

B) variation

C) stablilizing factor

D) acquired characteristic

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 If eggs from the mosquitoes that developed from surviving culture Y were placed in culture Z,they would probablyA) dieB) survive and reproduceC)change formD) mutate

Fertilized mosquito eggs can live in culture medium X. Culture medium Y is the same as X except DDT has been added to it. (DDT was an insecticide that is now banned) In culture medium Y, only a few eggs survive after 24 hours. (The black eggs are dead.) Culture medium Z is the same as culture medium Y, except no eggs have been added.

 If eggs from the mosquitoes that developed from surviving culture Y were placed in culture Z,they would probablyA) dieB) survive and reproduceC)change formD) mutate

Your roommate was given an antibiotic for strep throat. After three days she is feeling fine and asks you if she should stop taking the antibiotic and save the pills for the next time she has a sore throat. Your best response would be:

A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she doesn't need the pills after she feels better.

B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure to antibiotics may result in drug resistant strains.

C. Yes, the antibiotics were very potent and able to kill off the infection more quickly than anticipated.

D. No, the infection is really not under control yet to the point that her immune system can finish fighting it off.

Your roommate was given an antibiotic for strep throat. After three days she is feeling fine and asks you if she should stop taking the antibiotic and save the pills for the next time she has a sore throat. Your best response would be:

A. Yes, quit taking them, because the role of antibiotics is to give the body's immune system enough time to fight off the infection, so she doesn't need the pills after she feels better.

B. No, she must finish her course of treatment because repeated exposure to antibiotics may result in drug resistant strains.

C. Yes, the antibiotics were very potent and able to kill off the infection more quickly than anticipated.

D. No, the infection is really not under control yet to the point that her immune system can finish fighting it off.

Which of the following statements is/are true of

BOTH bacteria and viruses?A.Can be killed with antibioticsB.Have a protein coatC.Contain DNAD.Single-celled organismsE.None of the above

Which of the following statements is/are true of

BOTH bacteria and viruses?A.Can be killed with antibioticsB.Have a protein coatC.Contain DNAD.Single-celled organismsE.None of the above

Which of the following statements is true of viruses but is NOT true of bacteria?

A.Has a cell wallB.Smallest in size C.Single-celled organisms D.Can be killed with antibioticsE.None of the above

Which of the following statements is true of viruses but is NOT true of bacteria?

A.Has a cell wallB.Smallest in size C.Single-celled organisms D.Can be killed with antibioticsE.None of the above

Tuberculosis is a _______ infection that is passed through ___________.A. viral, direct contactB. viral, animal bites C. bacterial, food D. bacterial, indirect contact

Tuberculosis is a _______ infection that is passed through ___________.A. viral, direct contactB. viral, animal bites C. bacterial, food D. bacterial, indirect contact

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that eukaryotic cells possess

A. Cell wallsB. CytoplasmC. A nucleusD. Ribosomes

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that eukaryotic cells possess

A. Cell wallsB. CytoplasmC. A nucleusD. Ribosomes

Plant cells differ from animal cells in that they possess

A. Cell wallsB. CytoplasmC. MitochondriaD. Ribosomes

Plant cells differ from animal cells in that they possess

A. Cell wallsB. CytoplasmC. MitochondriaD. Ribosomes

Most viruses are A. larger than bacteriaB. strands of nucleic acid (DNA or

RNA) enclosed within a protein coatC. treatable with antibioticsD. single-celled organisms

Most viruses are A. larger than bacteriaB. strands of nucleic acid (DNA or

RNA) enclosed within a protein coatC. treatable with antibioticsD. single-celled organisms

Penicillin is a common antibiotic used to treat infections. Which of the following statements is the most accurate prediction about this antibiotic?

A. It is as effective now as when it first came out. B. There are no microbes left that aren't

resistant to this antibiotic, given its widespread use.

C. In areas where this antibiotic is widely used, bacterial may become resistant to it.

D. None of the above

Penicillin is a common antibiotic used to treat infections. Which of the following statements is the most accurate prediction about this antibiotic?

A. It is as effective now as when it first came out. B. There are no microbes left that aren't

resistant to this antibiotic, given its widespread use.

C. In areas where this antibiotic is widely used, bacterial may become resistant to it.

D. None of the above

All cells possess all the following components EXCEPT

A. cytoplasm. B. ribosomes. C. a nucleus. D. plasma/cell membrane.

All cells possess all the following components EXCEPT

A. cytoplasm. B. ribosomes. C. a nucleus. D. plasma/cell membrane.

Animal cells possess all the following components EXCEPT

A. A nucleus and ribosomes. B. Chloroplasts and a large central vacouleB. Mitochondria and cytoplasm. D. Plasma/cell membrane and centrioles.

Animal cells possess all the following components EXCEPT

A. A nucleus and ribosomes. B. Chloroplasts and a large central vacouleB. Mitochondria and cytoplasm. D. Plasma/cell membrane and centrioles.

Which of the cell types below are prokaryotic cells

A.Plant cellsB.Animal cells. C.FungiD.Bacteria

Which of the cell types below are prokaryotic cells

A.Plant cellsB.Animal cells. C.FungiD.Bacteria

Many residents in a small town have developed a bacterial infection. Two students hypothesize that the bacteria are coming from the town’s drinking water. They look for the bacteria in water samples from the lake that supplies 80 percent of the town’s drinking water. When they find no bacteria, the students conclude that the town’s residents are not getting the bacteria from their drinking water. Which is a source of error in the students’ experimental design?

A. water from the lake was not tested for other possible pathogens

B. residents of other nearby towns were not tested for the bacteria

C. the residents' genetic predisposition for getting ill was not determined

D. other sources of drinking water were not tested for bacteria

Many residents in a small town have developed a bacterial infection. Two students hypothesize that the bacteria are coming from the town’s drinking water. They look for the bacteria in water samples from the lake that supplies 80 percent of the town’s drinking water. When they find no bacteria, the students conclude that the town’s residents are not getting the bacteria from their drinking water. Which is a source of error in the students’ experimental design?

A. water from the lake was not tested for other possible pathogens

B. residents of other nearby towns were not tested for the bacteria

C. the residents' genetic predisposition for getting ill was not determined

D. other sources of drinking water were not tested for bacteria