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BUMPER
A bumper is a shield made of steel,aluminum, rubber, or plastic
that ismounted on the front and rear of apassenger car.
When a low speed collision occurs, thebumper system absorbs the
shock toprevent or reduce damage to the car. Somebumpers use energy
absorbers or bracketsand others are made with a foamcushioning
material.
The car bumper is designed to prevent or
reduce physical damage to the front andrear ends of passenger
motor vehicles in
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It is not a safety feature intended toprevent or mitigate injury
severity tooccupants in the passenger cars.
Bumpers are designed to protect the hood,trunk, grille, fuel,
exhaust and coolingsystem as well as safety related equipmentsuch
as parking lights, headlamps andtaillights in low speed
collisions.
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BUMPER
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GOOD BUMPER
Attributes of a good bumper system:
1. Geometry,
2. Stability
3. Energy absorption
. Bumpers on colliding vehicles should lineup geometrically so
that they engage
each other during a low-speed crash toabsorb crash energy.
. . The bumpers should overlap each otherenough to account for
variations in ride
height and preimpact braking, which can
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Bumpers should stay engaged with theother bumpers in collisions
instead ofoverriding or underriding them, which oftenresults in
damage to vehicle grilles,
headlights, hoods, fenders, and trunks
Bumpers also should have sufficientenergy-absorbing capabilities
to confinedamage to the bumper system itself
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TYPE OF TEST
1. 1.Fixed collision barrier test
2. Pendulum Test
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FIXED COLLISION BARRIERTESTIt contains a back stop and a Barrier
over
which the vehicle is collided over.
Specifications:
Nominal Ride Height:10mmFuel tank Capacity: at least 90%
filled
Relevant Vertical Arrangement:
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FIXED COLLISION BARRIERTEST
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BARRIER SETUP DIMENSIONS
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BEAM HEIGHTMEASUREMENT
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BUMPER PARAMETERS
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OBSERVATIONS
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PENDULUM TEST
Specifications:
Length of Pendulum Rod:3.5m
Pendulum Mass: 8 kg steps from 700kg-3.5
tonImpact Speed:16 kmph
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SPECIFICATIONS
Technical data:
Adjustable pendulum rods
(approx. 3.5 m) for the variation
of pendulum impact heights
between 400 mm and 510 mm
Variable pendulum mass
(700 kg to 3.5 t in 8 kg-steps)
For crash repair tests impact
impact speeds up to 16 km/h possible
(AZT, IIHS etc.)
Laser triangulation measuring
device for distance measurement
up to 400 mm)Digital high-speed video
cameras with up to 2000 fps
