A survey for Educational Information and Support for

Community preparednessMaryline Specht

University Paris Descartes

Adults’ perceptionRisk And Educational practices

Educational Information and Support

Risk Situations

Children

Educational Community

Behaviors

Children’s perception

Purpose of the survey

TO UNDERSTAND

• To design a pedagogical resource• Which sustain Risk and Educational practices :

– Risk representation• Risk perception• Practical knowledge

– Community bonding• Trust• Dialogue• Supervision

– Beliefs• About children• About children’s feelings• About children’s educational needs• About educational principles

Perspective

The questionaire is composed of 62 items to which each subject answers by agreeing or not.

Example

Risk perception : It’s not very dangerous to cross the roadPractical knowledge : I know how to identify dangerTrust : If something severe happens, rescuers will manageDialogue : If I have a problem, I can talk about it with my teacherSupervision : Parents explain dangers to their childrenBeliefs about children : Girls are as strong as boysBeliefs about children’s feelings : If adults are frightened, children will feel itBeliefs about children’s educational needs : Children need to be secured Beliefs about educational principles : Children have to prepare the future

Survey

Population

The proximal educational community of children

POPULATION TOTALBelgium Children 572

Parents 440Grand-parents 310Teachers 23 1345

France Children 813Parents 632Grand-parents 470Teachers 19 1934

Bulgaria Children 1860Parents 1789Grand-parents 1675Teachers 120 5444

TOTAL 8723

RESULTSRISK REPRESENTATION

Serious situations Lower dangers

RISK PERCEPTION

A high perception of risk for everyoneSeverity enhances the perception of risk

RISK PERCEPTION

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

Dang-Street

Acc-School

Acc-Home

Cata-Home

Dang-School

Dang-Home

Fun-Fire

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

0,20-0,2-0,4

0

BuTea

BuPar

BuGpa

BuChildren

BeChildrenFrchildren

BeTea

BePar

BeGpaFrPar

FrGpa

FrTea

Dang-Fire Dang-Street

Disaster-Home

Acc-School

Acc-Home

Dang at Home

fun-Fire

Dang at School

BulgarianPopulation

French andBelgiumPopulation

French andBelgiumChildren

SeriousSituations

LowerDangers

• The perception of risk is higher for the French and Belgium populations than for the Bulgarian population.

• Children are more aware of fire danger than adults in Belgium and France.

• Children are less aware of risk at home and at school than adults.

RISK PERCEPTION

PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE

• Children’s demands for grand-parents' help is under estimated, within every countries and much more for teachers and parents then for children but not for the grand-parents themselves.

• French and Belgium population major personal knowledge while Bulgarian population major help demands.

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

Reco-Dang Act-Dang Call-Help Call-P-Key Call-GP-Key

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

RESULTSCOMMUNITY BONDING

TRUST

Belgium population trust more the neighbors than French and Bulgarian population.

Belgium results as an example

Teachers

Children

Parents

Grand-parents

School-Teachers

Neighbors

Dang-P

Severity-GP

Severity-Adult

Every one trust parents first.

But adults trust more grand-parents than children.

And children and teachers trust more teachers, than parents and grand-parents.

Adults

Children

DIALOGUE

DIALOGUE with

0,00

20,00

40,00

60,00

80,00

100,00

Fear-P Prob-Teacher Prob-Somebody

Bulgaria Children

Bulgaria Teachers

Bulgaria Parents

Bulgaria Grand-parents

For Bulgarian people, children have no one to talk to.

Teachers under evaluate dialogue with parents and over evaluate dialogue with teachers, compared to children, grand-parents and parents.Elders (50-70 years and 70&+) over estimate dialogue with teachers compared to youngers (7-12 years and 20-50 years) who over estimate dialogue with parents.

DIALOGUE with

0,00

20,00

40,00

60,00

80,00

100,00

%

Fear-P Prob-Teacher Prob-Somebody

France Children

France Teachers

France Parents

France Grand-parents

For Belgium and French people, children have always some one to talk to.

SUPERVISION

•Children can’t help each other for each group.•Parents and grand-parents supervise children but there are some variations between groups.

SUPERVISION by

020406080

100%

Help-C

hildr

en

Prob-

Childr

en

ActExe

mp-

P

Super

-GP

DangI

nfo-

P

DangA

ct-P

Exem

p-GP

Lear

nDan

g-GP

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

RESULTSBELIEFS

BELIEFS ABOUT CHILDREN

BELIEFS about Children

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Boy-Strong Girl-Strong Reality Resistance

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

%

BELIEFS ABOUT CHILDREN

For parents, grand-parents and teachers :

•Boys are not stronger than girls,•Girls are as strong as boys,•Children are resistant,•Children make confusion between reality and fiction.

For Bulgarian grand-parents,•Boys are stronger than girls and girls are not as strong as boys.

For children,•Boys are stronger than girls and girls are not as strong as boys.

BELIEFS ABOUT CHILDREN’s FEELINGS

Regardless of the country,

Adult’s fear and fire are more frightening than television or solitude.

Fire is less frightening :

• for children than for adults,• for females than for males.

Children

Parents

Grand-parents

Teachers

Adult-fear

Fire-fear

Lonely-fear

TV-Fear

BELIEFS ABOUT CHILDREN’s NEEDS

Children’s needs are strongly estimated regardless of the country but a little less for children than for adults.

BELIEFS about Children's Needs of

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

Family

Fear-F

amil

Holding

Liste

ning

Super

vision

Prote

ction

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

BELIEFS ABOUT EDUCATION

Considering adults :Education is the responsibility of parents and family before school or children themselves.Fear seems not a good principle to motive action or understanding.

Considering children:Children compared to adults over estimate the potential of fear to motivate action.

BELIEFS about Education

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

Resp-

Childr

en

Respe

ct-P

Educ-

Family

Educ-

Schoo

l

Futur

-Chil

dren

Death

-Act

Fear-U

nder

st

Fear-C

aref

ull

Children

Teachers

Parents

Grand-parents

Synthesis Major versus Minor

Items

Everyone major Risk perception

Everyone major Severe risk perception

French and Belgium major Personal knowledge

Bulgaria major Help knowledge

Everyone major Trusting Parents

Everyone major Supervision from parents and Grand-parents

Bulgaria, Children major Gender stereotypes

Everyone major Children Resistance and Reality confusion

Everyone major Adult’s fear frightening

Grand-parents major Solitude frightening

Everyone major Children’s needs

Children major Fear as a motivation for action

Synthesis Major versus Minor

Items

Children, Teachers, Parents

minor Grand-parents’ help

Children minor Trusting Grand-parents

Parents, Grand-Parents minor Trusting Teachers

French, Bulgaria minor Trusting neighbors

Bulgaria minor Children’s possibility of dialogue

Teachers minor Children’s dialogue with parents

Everyone minor Children helping each other

Children, Females minor Fire Frightening

Everyone minor Television frightening

Everyone minor Teachers’ role in education

Adults minor Fear as a motivation for action

Considering risk communication

A high perception of risk so … :No need to enhance the perception of risks or to emphasize severity.No need to higher the Children’s perception of vulnerability.

But focus children risk perception at school and at home.

No illusion of control … :But balance help demands and personal knowledge

Adults don’t feel they need to be frightened to act but not children, who might have a normative approach or be under social influence.

PERSPECTIVE FOR :

Educational Information and Support for Community preparedness

Considering community

Children’s place :- Support children’s dialogue- Support children to help each other

Grand-parents’ role :- Considering both Parents and Grand-parents as supervisors of children- Reinforcing the perception of children’s need for grand-parents' help- Trusting grand-parents ? A question for children

-Teachers’ role :- Trusting teachers ? A question for parents, grand-parents- Reinforcing education by teachers as well as parents and family

-Parents’ role :- Trusting parents as the first referee- Dialogue with parents to be more visible for teachers

-Neighbors’ role :- Trusting neighbors ? A question for French and Bulgarian people

PERSPECTIVE FOR :

Educational Information and Support for Community preparedness

Considering education

Discussing :

- Frightening issues : risk frightening, adults' fear frightening, Television, Solitude

- Stereotypes about children

PERSPECTIVE FOR :

Educational Information and Support for Community preparedness