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AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 1
Gerald BoernerAzusa Pacific University – Computer Science
Riverside Community College/Norco – CIS
John Coverdale Riverside Community College/Norco/CIS
AAHE 2000 (Anaheim, CA)
Facilitating Collaboration
in Content Areas
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 2
Introduction
Collaboration via the Web… E — EducationalQ — QuestU — UsingI — InternetT — TechnologiesY — Yourselves
The web enable us to provide ALL students with opportunities to extend their vision…
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 3
MAP of the Experience
Message — All students need internet “savvy”
Audience — Equal opportunity to all groups of
students (gender, ethnic, language, cultural)
Purpose — Extend our expectations for ALL
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 4
Some Definitions and concepts related to the use of
collaboration, especially collaboration via the web, in the
classroom.
Online Delivery Concepts
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 5
Question 1
Why Collaborate? Group collaboration is the process by
which two or more individuals address a common problem.
The goal of the collaborative effort is to produce some product (document, report, work of art, etc.)
The approach requires that the total task be broken up into subtasks, each of which are assigned to members of the collaboration group
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 6
Question 2
What options do I have to involve students in collaboration efforts? Asynchronous Collaboration —
Using internet technologies, like email and/or web browsing, collaboration may take place independently by each member of the group
The results shared and consolidated into the final report or project
Key Element: This is an example of any place, any time learning — learning takes place outside the scheduled class period and/or classroom
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 7
Question 2 (Cont’d)
What options do I have to involve students in collaboration efforts? Synchronous Collaboration —
“Virtual” collaboration groups can meet for “real-time” exchange of information and ideas through such mechanisms as videoconferencing, chat, and software like NetMeeting & CU-See Me
The scheduling of these interactive sessions require coordination and careful execution
Key Element: This is an example of any place, in-time learning — learning may take place outside the classroom but at a specified time
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 8
Question 2 (Cont’d)
What options do I have to involve students in collaboration efforts? Web Publishing —
Using a variety of web page editors, such as Microsoft Word 97/98/2000, FrontPage 98/2000, Composer, etc., students can create web pages summarizing their research efforts & findings
The results can be developed into this web page through either face-to-face or “virtual” meetings
Key Element: This is an example of a versatile method of presentation (in multimedia format) of a wide range of information
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 9
Looking at the origins and elements of the EQUITY
Collaboration Model…
The E.Q.U.I.T.Y. Model
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 10
Project E.Q.U.I.T.Y. Model
Step 1: Email Access Step 2: Email
Mechanics Step 3: Web
Browsers Step 4: Collaborating
on Web Research Step 5: Sharing
Findings via the Web Step 6: Collaborative
Writing — Web Page Creation
Step 7: Upload Pages to the Web Server
Step 8: Review Pages from other Groups
Step 9: Forward Critique to Group
Step 10: Revise Pages Step 11: Resubmit Web
Pages Step 12: Reflection on
the Experience
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 11
The following Tips and Hints are intended to assist you in
developing an effective plan for using these techniques in the
classroom.
Planning for the Course
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 12
Classroom Logistics
Teacher email addresses (use more than one!) Primary address for emergency contact Secondary address for special problems
contact Routine address for standard copies of class
communication Individual or Group Addresses Web-based email or “POP” email
accounts Beware of administrative loads with “POP”
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 13
Classroom Logistics (Cont’d)
Grade Level considerations Primary — major obstacles: reading
capability Upper Elementary — Personal security,
privacy and operational issues Middle School/Junior High — Maintaining
appropriate use standards and avoiding harassment (as 7-8th graders are known for!)
High School — Appropriate use issues, but great potential for benefits
College — Great “equalizer” across student demographic categories
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 14
Student Assessment
Contribution (number of books & web sites) Set a minimal standard for “C” Increment requirements for higher grades
Evaluation of Pages from other groups Give credit for appropriate criticism and
effort, this may be a new experience for the student
Reflection on the process The student is “opening themselves up” in
this exercise and be kind and supportive
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 15
Walking through the12-step process with
commentary from our experience…
A Closer Look at the Steps
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 16
Step 1: Establish E-mail Accounts
Use web-based e-mail account (HotMail, Yahoo Mail, etc.) Acquire and/or Confirm an email
account (username and password) Web-based email accounts require less
overhead for classroom use Send email to instructor and group
members Join project mailing list
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 17
Assign Students to Groups
Students are randomly assigned to collaboration group and topics 4-5 students per group Topics may be from any content area —
sample topics used in past include: Pornography on the Web Copyright Protection on the Web Protection of Personal Information Equity of Access to Internet Services
Exchange email messages with group members
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 18
Step 2: Develop Email Techniques
Build Address Book “Capture” email addresses for group
members Set up a “group” for your collaborators
Send email to group address to verify the operation of the “virtual” group address
Send a brief “bio” to group members Send and Receive messages from the
class mailing list
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 19
Step 3: Review Use of Browser
“Remembering” best web sites IE: Favorites NN: Bookmarks
Recommend NN for building a bookmark file for export Saving Sites Exporting file to
HTML document
Other Considerations
Differentiate Browsers Internet Explorer —
Supports Microsoft technologies (ActiveX, VBScript, etc.)
Netscape Navigator — Excellent support for
building a “Bookmark” file of good web sites
Version Differences
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 20
Step 4: Online Research
Directed On-Line Research Experience Online Bookstores
Build a bibliography of books on your topic
Web Search Engines Differentiate major search engines [See handout on Search Tips]
Effective Keywords Which terms work with which search
engines
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 21
Step 5: Sharing Research in Group
Communicating the Research Results Search Keywords:
Use Mailing List Bibliography
In body of an email message sent to group
Bookmark Files As an attachment to an email document Use XXX_bookmark.htm (where XXX are
your initials)
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 22
Step 6: Collaborate on Web Page
Use a Web Page to summarize the major information in the group report
Key Elements: Group members and their email address Problem Statement — Topic Researched
with commentary on its relevance Keywords and Categories used Selected Bibliography (APA) & links to
useful Web Sites appropriate to the topic Summary of the Information Available
(content)
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 23
Some Notes on Web Page Editors
Keep It Simple, Suzie… Word 97/98/2000 makes for a great
“quick & dirty” web page editor Avoid the apparently simple, but actually
complex HTML editors (Composer, HotDog, HotMetal, etc.)
Avoid complex, graphically-intense pages The focus should be on content Enhancements can be added later
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 24
Step 7: Submit/Publish Web Pages
If graphics are used in web page, “zip” the files together into an archive
Submit the web pages to the instructor Send as attachments to an email Use a “Drop Box” like we have at boerner.net Use FTP (if your server is set up for that)
Instructor posts the pages, as students watch
Adjust access rights, as necessary
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 25
Step 8: Review Group Pages
Guidelines for Critiquing Web Pages produced by other groups: Don’t base evaluation on web page design! Focus on the content of the web page Be aware of mechanics — grammar,
consistency Check out the Linked Web Sites:
Do they “work”? Are the links operational? Are they useful? Is there “real” content
there? Keep notes on the results
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 26
Step 9: Critique Other Groups
Formulate a set of constructive statements about the web page to be sent to the authoring group Focus on the Content Be aware of the Operational Mechanics Don’t focus on page design or graphic
elements Submit the comments to the authoring
group via the group’s email address Put your comments into the email body
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 27
Thoughts about Web Servers
The type of Web Server is critical Windows 95/98 & Personal Web Server Windows NT & Internet Information
Server (IIS) or similar ISAPI server Windows NT & Netscape Web Server
(NSAPI) UNIX with Apache (or CERN or NCSA)
Web Server Different Servers will support a
variety of add-on functions, like FrontPage Extensions
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 28
Step 10: Revise the Web Pages
Reflect on the reviewers’ comments Fix mechanics, as necessary:
Non-functional links Misspelled works and writing mechanics General format consistency
Make any enhancements to the web page format (tables, graphics, etc.) as time permits
Reverify the operability of the links
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 29
Step 11: Resubmit Web Pages
Submit the revised web pages to the instructor’s “Drop Box” http://www.boerner.net/Upload.html
Instructor uploads the pages to the web server, as necessary
Verify that the pages can be accessed from the web browser
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 30
Step 12: Reflect on Collaboration
General Reactions to the Experience: Working with group members & their
contributions (Did everyone “pull their weight” in the task?)
Use of the Technologies (Did they work successfully for you? What did you learn about communicating via the web?)
Reactions to the Learning Experience: What did you learn about the topic? What did you learn about doing research?
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 31
Reflect on Collaboration (Cont’d)
Submit the Reflections: Use email addressed to the instructor Include your reflections in the email body Be honest!
Remember, these reflections are between you and the instructor… Other students will not have access to
them… Your grade will not be affected by what
you say in these reflections...
AAHE 2000 Facilitating Student Collaboration in Content Areas 32
Exploring It Further…
Contacting Us:
Via the World Wide Web…
http://www.boerner.net/
By Email…
Jerry — [email protected]
Grace — [email protected]