An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for UWSNs

using Physical Distance and Residual Energy

Abdul Wahid, Sungwon Lee , Dongkyun Kim Kyungpook National University， Korea

IEEE Oceans 2011

INTRODUCTION RELATED WORK ERP2R SIMULATION CONCLUSION

OUTLINE

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) in order to support variousapplication◦ soil/gas spills monitoring◦ offshore exploration◦ disaster prevention ◦ submarine detection

INTRODUCTION

UWSNs constraints◦ propagation delay◦ low bandwidth◦ high noise ratio

INTRODUCTION

Sink nodeSensor nodeFlooding Direction

Data Collection Direction

Drawback◦ network lifetime

exchanging many control messages a lot of broadcasting activities for the same

packets

INTRODUCTION

Routing protocols for UWSNs◦ VBF ◦ HHVBF ◦ FBR ◦ DFR◦ DBR

RELATED WORK

VBF

RELATED WORK

P. Xie, JH. Cui, L. Lao, “VBF: vector-based forwarding protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks” In proc. of IFIP Networking, Coimbra, Portugal, May 2006

HHVBF ◦ Need all node localization information

FBR ◦ Need sink location information◦ Use RTS/CTS

DFR◦ Need all node localization information

RELATED WORK

DBR

RELATED WORK

DBR

RELATED WORK

Assumption◦ distances to their neighbors◦ ToA(Time of Arrival)

ERP2RVijay Chandrasekhar, Yoo Sang Choo, “Localization in Underwater Sensor Networks – Survey and Challenges” In proc. of WUWNet’06, Los Angeles, California, USA, September 2006.

John Heidemann, Wei Ye, Jack Wills, Affan Syed,, Yuan Li, “Research Challenges and Applications for Underwater Sensor Networking” In proc. of WCNC 2006, Las Vegas, NV, USA, April 2006.

ERP2R two phase:◦ Cost establishment phase with knowledge

acquisition of residual energy

◦ Data forwarding phase

ERP2R

Cost establishment phase with knowledge acquisition of residual energy

ERP2R

Hello

ID Sequence number

Residual energy

COST

Cost establishment phase with knowledge acquisition of residual energy

ERP2R

1012

2517

22

2329

16

12

34

12

18

27

18

27

1714

10

15

27

1210

39

45

53

30

57

32

27

56

72

66

35

◦ Data forwarding phase

ERP2R

1210

39

45

53

30

57

32

27

56

72

66

9

911

12

128

106 5

7

15

◦ Data forwarding phase

ERP2R

1210

39

45

53

30

57

32

27

56

72

66

9

99

5

78

104 5

7

15

priority ID

1 C

2 D

A

B

D

CE

G

F

ordered listpriority ID

1 G

2 E

3 F

ordered list

◦ Data forwarding phase

Hold time

ERP2R

1210

39

45

53

30

57

32

27

56

72

66

9

99

5

78

104 5

7

15

A

B

D

CE

G

F

T = ((1(4/10))/100)+5 =5.006

Simulation

Parameter Value

Simulator NS-2

Node 25,49,100,225400

Source Node 2

Data packet generated 15 sec

Data packet sizes 64 bytes

Simulation

Simulation

Simulation

lightweight and energy efficient routing protocol (named ERP2R) for UWSNs.

uses physical distance for reducing unnecessary retransmissions and the residual energy for energy balancing

CONCLUSION