About 1g 2g 3g 4g

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The Journey of ³G´ from 1 to 5 th Generation

Until the controversial spectrum scams were brought up in the l ime light many were ignorant of

what 1G, 2G or 3G stood for and all of a sudden a hike was found out amongst laymen so as to

be knowledgeable about it. Still a number of people are unaware of 1G or 2G when the world has

moved on to 4G.

The telecommunication service in World had a great leap within a last few year. . 6 billion people

own a mobile phones so we are going to analyze the various generations of cellular systems as

studied in the evolution of mobile communications from 1st generation to 5th generation .Now

almost all the service providers as well as the customers seek for availing these 3G and 4G

services.

We can analyze that this could be due to increase in the telecoms customers day by day. In the

present time, there are four generations in the mobile industry. These are respectively 1G the

first generation, 2G the second generation, 3G the third generation, and then the 4G the forth

generation. Ericson a Swedish company is launching this high tech featured mobile into the

market. It is being first introduced in the Swedish Capital city, Stockholm.

Present Status of Telecommunication Services in Asian CountriesNow we are in the midst of 4G. In China, the 3G service came into existence only by last

February. Therefore, that it may take time for exposing to other states. But we should also realize

many other countries such as the Asian countries were using these services since last decade.

Due to these reasons, we can hope that the 4G may enter within a few years. The 3G (Third

Generation) had also reached India recently. There is no doubt that within a few years India will

be the first in telecom users also.

What is 2G ?

Second Generation (2G) wireless cellular mobile services was a step ahead of First Generation(

1G) services by providing the facility of short message service(SMS) unlike 1G that had its prime

focus on verbal communication. A typical 2G G.S.M network service ranges from 800/900MHz or

1800/1900 spectrum. The bandwidth of 2G is 30-200 KHz.

Let us examine what these 3G & 4G have rather than that of 1G and 2G.

Analysis of 1G and 2G services

In 1G, Narrow band analogue wireless network is used, with this we can have the voice calls and

can send text messages. These services are provided with circuit switching. Today¶s the usual

call starts from the beginning pulse to rate to the final rate. Then in case of 2G Narrow Band

Wireless Digital Network is used. It brings more clarity to the conversation and both these circuit-

switching model.

Both the 1G and 2G deals with voice calls and has to utilize the maximum bandwidth as well as alimited till sending messages i.e. SMS. The latest technologies such as GPRS, is not available in

these generations. But the greatest disadvantage as concerned to 1G is that with this we could

contact with in the premises of that particular nation, where as in case of 2G the roaming facility

a semi-global facility is available.

2.5 Generation

In between 2G and 3G there is another generation called 2.5G. Firstly, this mid generation was

introduced mainly for involving latest bandwidth technology with addition to the existing 2G

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generation. To be frank but this had not brought out any new evolution and so had not clicked to

as much to that extend.

What is 3G Generation

But to overcome the limitations of 2G and 2.5G the 3G had been introduced. In this 3G Wide

Brand Wireless Network is used with which the clarity increases and gives the perfection as like

that of a real conversation. The data are sent through the technology called Packet Switching

.Voice calls are interpreted through Circuit Switching. It is a highly sophisticated form of

communication that has come up in the last decade.

In addition to verbal communication it includes data services, access to television/video,

categorizing it into triple play service. 3G operates at a range of 2100MHz and has a bandwidth

of 15-20MHz. High speed internet service, video chatting are the assets of 3G.

How is 2G different from 3G?y In comparison to 2G customers will have to pay a relatively high license fee for 3G.

y The network construction and maintenance for 3G is much expensive than 2G.

y From the point of view of customers, expenditure will be excessively high if they make

access to various facets of 3G.

What is Packet Switching

This is actually done by supplying various addressed packets, which will be interconnected to

have the conversation. It is not necessary to create a new dedicated path for sending the data. It

had been modified in such a way that the data can be send through any path; hence, this data

will be received at a less time as compared to that of voice calls.

Packet Switching in Computer networks

The data packs are also used in computer that is when we connected with internet this data pack

helps to download the web pages that is being displayed in the monitor. For a Data Pack it does

not need any separate path for downloading or displaying any objects in the computer or anyother equipment. This is due to the reason that by networking, separate paths are being created

and after analyzing each, the data are being transferred to the correct access point.

3G and 4G Featuress

Main 3G Services

With the help of 3G, we can access many new services too. One such service is the GLOBAL

ROAMING. Another thing to be noted in case of 3G is that Wide Band Voice Channel that is by

this the world has been contracted to a l ittle village because a person can contact with other

person located in any part of the world and can even send messages too. Then the point to be

noted is that 3G gives clarity of voice as well can talk with out any disturbance. Not only these

but also have entertainments such as Fast Communication, Internet, Mobile T.V, Video

Conferencing, Video Calls, Multi Media Messaging Service (MMS), 3D gaming, Multi-Gaming etc

are also available with 3G phones.

Main 4G Features

When It is still to estimate as to how many number of people have moved on from 2G to 3G ,

technology has come up with the latest of its type namely 4G.A successor of 2G and 3G, 4G

promises a downloading speed of 100Mbps and is yet to shower its wonders on. then with the

case of Fourth Generation that is 4G in addition to that of the services of 3G some additional

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features such as Multi-Media Newspapers, also to watch T.V programs with the clarity as to that

of an ordinary T.V. In addition, we can send Data much faster that that of the previous

generations.

What is the reason for delay in implementing 3G and 4G Mobile services?

It is very sad to say that the 3G services had only reached with in some towns of china, so that it

may take time to reach to Other countries. Another major defect of this is that Wide BandFrequency Spectrum, which is needed for 3G, is lacking. Another reason for this is that it a cost

bearing item especially for sending data. So for us it is a higher one which could be used only by

upper classes. If it should be accepted among all customers, firstly it should be availed at a lower

rate, for which the rate of spectrum should be declined.

3G Mobile Phones

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Although originally designed to have EVDO, UMTS eventually emerging as the technology

adopted by all national carriers that already offer 3G access, including the course (now plans to

offer 3G UMTS based on the end of 2007), the TIM, the Hi and even to live, now operate a

network mixed with the UMTS and EVDO.

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As in the case of GSM, which supports the use of GPRS and EDGE, UMTS offers two modes of

access, which are used according to availability, quality of reception and the mode supported by

the device.

The most basic is the WCDMA (not to be confused with CDMA, which is the pattern of rival

GSM), which offers transmission rates up to 384 kbits for both download and to upload.

Although, on paper, the value is close to 236.8 kbits offered by EDGE, WCDMA in practice offersthe very best times of onset and a connection much more usable. A good example of the

difference is the use of VoIP applications, which are almost unusable on EDGE due to the lag in

transmission, but flow in a satisfactory manner in WCDMA.

Then we have HSDPA, a more recent protocol, which reduces latency and increases the rate of

download of the network so expressive. Using the HSDPA as the transport protocol, UMTS

supports rates of 1.8, 3.6, 7.2 and 14.4 megabits in accordance with the implementation used by

the operator (in Brazil the version of 7.2 megabits is the most common). Naturally, the actual

speed varies with the quality of the signal and the number of users connected to the same station

for transmission, but it is always higher than in WCDMA.

The big problem is that HSDPA works well only for relatively short distances, so the devices

automatically switch to WCDMA in the areas of lowest coverage, making the rate of transmission

is reduced. Another limitation is that the only HSDPA increases the rate of download, doing

nothing with the upload, which remains the only 384 kbits, as well as WCDMA.

The HSDPA is considered a 3.5G protocol and (in most devices) you can see which system is

being used simply looking at the icon of the connection. A "3.5G" indicates that you are using the

HSDPA, a "3G" you are using the WCDMA, a "E" you are using the EDGE and a "G" you are in

an area where only the old GPRS is available:

In Nokia, you will notice that the 3.5G icon appears only while the unit is transmitting data. This is

why he really only uses the HSDPA while the connection is active. In the rest of the time, it

switches back to the WCDMA, to save energy, making the icon back to "3G".

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4G iPhone and the World of 4G/LTE Technology

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4G iPhone Concept

Although Apple has successfully partnered with AT&T in its release of the three previous

iPhones, there are speculations that the Verizon¶s new LTE technology has put them up to be the

new carrier for the 4G iPhones. Verizon¶s Ivan Seidenberg believes that their Verizon Wireless

Network has a good chance of handling the new 4G iPhone with their new network technology

which is suppose to handle the 4G capabilities.

For those reading about the 4G iPhone, the question comes up: WHAT IS LTE/4G ALL ABOUT?

What is LTE?

LTE means Long Term Evolution. In a nutshell, it would create full IP based mobile

communications and full 4G wireless. It is definitely an evolution as to ± it will take some time for

the technology to develop and perform nationwide. So far it has been tested in Boston and

Seattle.What will 4G change?

Nowadays everyone is screaming ³3G´ with faster downloads and mobile surfing,. 3G was like

the evolution to cable connections from DSL but 3G bandwidth is quickly being yesterday¶s news

as new functions are introduced to the mobile world that demand something faster.

Faster Bandwidth

Picture this: You want to view a video on your iPhone, so you rent it from Netflix online and watch

it streaming to your iPhone at high quality. It¶s an amazing idea but would require a bandwidth

that would definitely strain the 3G capabilities. For 4G; however, this would not be a large

problem as the bandwidths will introduce a new breed of streaming video.

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iPhone hacked to perform video conferencing

S treaming Video

One of these new functions will be streaming video. Many phones such as the HTC Touch Pro2,

LG Cu500v, Samsung Eternity, and a few others already have the capabilities of providing live

video conferencing but do not yet have the network technology to perform them. Does your

phone have a ³Video Share´ function while on a call? Then you already have the possibility of performing this function. 4G/LTE technology will make it so that you can view the person you¶re

speaking to live or what they are viewing (if their phone does not have a camera in the front).

IP Based Phones

The LTE/4G evolution will also create an all IP-based mobile connection which opens a whole

new realm to IP networking functionality. Workers will be able to perform from their companies

servers using the new IP networking combined with faster bandwidth. It will place many mobile

phones in the same realm as small PCs.

If you think 3G has fully utilized the mobile phone, think again. There are so many changes

coming from the 4G/LTE Technology that will revolutionize the mobile industry once again. The

HTC MAX is a great mobile phone thats introducing 4G technology to the mobile industry.

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About 1g 2g 3g 4g