ABOUT THE NAME S A R D I N I A AND THE ANCIENT S A R D I N I A N S.doc

8/21/2019 ABOUT THE NAME S A R D I N I A AND THE ANCIENT S A R D I N I A N S.doc

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ABOUT THE NAME "SARDINIA" AND THE ANCIENT"SARDINIANS"

(Part-1)

By Polat Kaya

I have been interested in the ancient Turanian identity of Sardinians ever since Isaw some pictures of Turkish BALBAL-like stone statues, Menhirs and olmens in

Sardinia! To me they were the remnants of the civili"ation of the ancient Turanianpeoples! #ecently, I have seen some very interestin$ and e%citin$ photos of ancientartifacts from Sardinia in the internet and facebook! Some very talented Italianfriends have presented their e%cellent photos of artifacts of ancient Sardinia! In thisstudy, I wish to brin$ clarity to some of the ancient names that have been used inidentifyin$ the Sardinians! Sardinians were close kins of &truscans, 'orsicans(Saka people), *elas$ians, *hoenicians and 'arta$inians and also Anatolians andother Turanians!

The island of Sardinia, with many ancient structures in the forms of so-called+#A.&, M&+.I#, /LM&+, 0ell-Temples and even a pyramid or "i$$uratlike structure, are the center of attractions re$ardin$ its 1oriental1 past! But all ofthese have remained a riddle with respect to who built them and what their purposewas!

The followin$ back$round information from several internet reference sourcesre$ardin$ ancient Sardinia and Sardinians are relevant to this study! I believeimportant information in Turkish re$ardin$ these ancient Sardinians are hidden inthe names that were used in identifyin$ these ancient peoples and their civili"ation!

They become obvious and meanin$ful only after the names are deciphered, indifferent manners, into Turkish!

The ancients were talkin$ about the power of words! I have shown that power ofwords by usin$ Turkish, that is, a monosyllabic and a$$lutinative lan$ua$e of theancient world! As a word of caution, I must note that this presentation is an unusualway of e%plainin$ thin$s! The reader is probably not used to readin$ such

presentations, therefore, the reader must read it carefully and patiently!

#ef!2! http344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4Sardinia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardiniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia


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"Sardinia(Italian:Sardegna Sardinian:Sardigna) is the second-largest island inthe Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus). It is an autonomous regionof Italy, and the nearest land masses are (clockise from north) the !rench islandof Corsica, the Italian "eninsula, Sicily, #unisia and the Spanish $alearic Islands.

#he name Sardinia is from the pre-%oman noun &sard', romanised as sardus(feminine sarda) that the name had a religious connotation is suggested from itsuse also as the ad*ecti+e for the ancient Sardinian mythological hero-god Sardus

Pater Sardinian !ather (misunderstood by many modern SardiniansItalians asbeing !ather Sardus), as ell as being the stem of the ad*ecti+e "sardonic".

Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinised form of the Greek Hyknousa),

Sandalion, Sardinia and Sardo y the ancient Greeks and the !omans

Sardinia has fe ma*or ri+ers, the largest being the #irso, / km (01.21 mi) long,

hich flos into the Sea of Sardinia, the $oghinas(/ km) and the %lumendosa(34 km). #here are &' artificial lakesand dams hich supply ater andelectricity. #he main ones are 5ake modeoandLake $oghinas. #he only natural

freshater lake isLago di arat*.+ numer of large, shallow, salt-water lagoonsand pools are located along the ,2/6 km (,70./7 mi) of the coastline.

#ef!5! http344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4Sardinia6*rehistory

Sardinia is one of the most geologically ancient bodies of land in 8urope. #houghe+idence of human +isits date from the "alaeolithic period, permanent settlements

only appear much later in the 9eolithic age, around 666 $C.

#he first people to settle in northern Sardinia probably came from the Italianmainland +ia $orsica, particularly fromtruria(present-day #uscany), hile thoseho populated the central region of the island around the salt lakes of Cabras andSt ;iusta may ha+e arri+ed from the Iberian "eninsula by ay of the $alearic

Islands. #he settlements founded around the ;ulf of Cagliari seem to be of +ariousorigins.'/

8+idence of trade ith


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nura0is, plurals of nuraghe and nura=i respecti+ely), hich ere often reinforcedand enlarged ith battlements. #he boundaries of tribal territories ere guardedby smaller lookout nuraghi erected on strategic hills commanding a +ie of otherterritories. #oday some 1,... nuraghi dot the Sardinian landsca2e +ccording tosome scholars the nuragic 2eo2les are identifiale with the Shardana, a trie of

the "Sea Peo2les".'

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The sor!e reere#!e (Re$1) a%o&e '&es s the ollo#' r&er #a*es+

Sardinia has fe ma*or ri+ers, the largest being the #irso, / km (01.21 mi) long,hich flos into the Sea of Sardinia, the $oghinas(/ km) and the %lumendosa(34 km). #here are &' artificial lakesand dams hich supply ater andelectricity. #he main ones are 5ake modeoandLake $oghinas. #he only natural

freshater lake isLago di arat*.+ numer of large, shallow, salt-water lagoonsand pools are located along the ,2/6 km (,70./7 mi) of the coastline.

1$ A%ot the Sar,#a# R&er #a*es TIRSO CO.HINAS a#,/0UMENDOSA

a) The name TIRSOis a somewhat altered form of the Turkish name "TUR SU"

meanin$ "#ur water" (#ur ri/er)where the name TURis one ancestral name ofthe Turanian Tur 4Turk4/$u" peoples and is also a name of the Sky 8ather od, theSun-od and the Moon-od of the ancient Turanians! The Sun, described as "ODER" "UTU ER" (TUR), means 1the 8ire Man1, ("the Sun man")of the sky!This is the personification of the Sun and it has become a name of the Sun-od

believin$ 'entral Asiatic Turanians, The name T# in the form "UTU ER"alsomeans the "%ll *a#" (!attle *a#)which refers to their ",o*est!ate, !attle"

based economy! In this re$ard, in addition to cattle raisin$, there is also thedomesticated sheep and horse raisin$ by the ancient Turanians! The ancient Turkishword UTmeans 1o%1 (cattle) and "UT ER"means 1male cattle1, that is, "the

3LL"! The so-called &n$lish term Ois an altered form of Turkish wordOKU2- meanin$ the same! The name Italais also based on the Turkishe%pression "UT I0I"meanin$ "the !attle !o#try"! Turkish word SUmeans"water"!

So, this river name TIRSOis one first si$n that the ancient Sardinians wereTurkish speakin$ T# (Turk4/$u") peoples9

b) The name of the CO.HINASriver, rearran$ed as ".OC-HAN-SI"is thealtered form of the Turkish name ".3K HAN SU"meanin$ "4ater of Sky


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Lord"where the name .3K HAN, meanin$ 1Sky Lord1, was the name of one ofthe si% sons of the O.U2 Ka'a#in the Turkish /$u" :a$an epic story! So thename of this Sardinian river has been $iven after the name of the Turanian S4y0or, - (.3K HAN)! This a$ain makes the Ancient Sardinians a TuranianTur4Turk4/$u" peoples9 Below we will see that they called themselves by theTurkish name "AN TURKI2" (.3K TURKI2)meanin$ "we are the Sky #urks,we are the lord #urks"5

c) The name of the /0UMENDOSAriver, rearran$ed as "MEN-A0-OD-SU-/"is the altered form of the Turkish name "MEN A0 OD SU"meanin$ "I am the

!ed %ire water", "I am the !ed Sun ri/er"! So, the name of this river is alsodedicated to the Sky eity (Sun od), that is, to that "RED /IRE"but in Turkish9

Thus, this is another name that makes the ancient Sardinians a TuranianTur4Turk4/$u" peoples and their ori$inal lan$ua$e was T#:IS.9

Turkish word MENmeans "I, I am", A0means "red", ODmeans "fire", A0ODmeans "red glowing fire6 sun"!

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The very fact that Sardinia has ;< artificial lakes is indicative of the fact that thisisland is normally a dry place! 8rom literature, we learn that Sardinia seems to be

havin$ chronic water shorta$e problems presently! My view is that, if this is sonow, this problem must have e%isted in Sardinia in ancient times as well! Theancient Sardinians bein$ the 1Sea *eople1, that is, bein$ masters of the 1waters1,must have faced this water problem and conceived solutions for it - to survive onthe island! I feel that =>>> +ura$hes in the country must have somethin$ to do insolvin$ this water shorta$e problem on the island!

5$ Sar,#a# 6ell Te*7les a#, 6ater orsh77#'+

A paper by Sandro *intus, Blue *lanet, at urlhttp344www!catpress!com4dedpla4ac?ue4uetempli!htm, $ives a $ood account of theso-called "The A#!e#t 6ater Te*7les o Sar,#a"! .e describes them as #heell temples here, 1,666 years ago, the nuraghi peoples orshipped the ?aters!This is very much the ancient Turanian worshippin$ cult where the under$roundwaters were re$arded as sacred and important for life preservation where surfacewaters were insufficient! The so-called reek "8ER-SU""ORPHEUS"myth isvery much a story of this ancient Turanian water cult! Accordin$ to Apollodorusand a fra$ment of *indar, Or7hes@s father was Oea'rs, a Thracian kin$! &ven

the name THRACIAN(referrin$ to the people of Thracia) rearran$ed as"THRANCI-A", is the altered form of the Turkish word "TURANCI O"
http://www.catpress.com/dedpla/acque/uetempli.htmhttp://www.catpress.com/dedpla/acque/uetempli.htmhttp://www.catpress.com/dedpla/acque/uetempli.htm


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meanin$ "he is #uranian"! Additionally, the name THRACIAis from the Turkishe%pression "T9RK 38U"meanin$ "house of #urks"!

The mytholo$ical name OEA.RUS, rearran$ed as "O-A.ER-SU", is the alteredand .elleni"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "O AKAR SU"meanin$ "it isrunning water", "It is ri/er water"! Thus, this so-called 1reek mytholo$icalname is actually a personification of the runnin$ waters! .is mytholo$ical son wasORPHEUSwho was supposedly a born musician9

In this conte%t, the name ORPHEUS, rearran$ed as "PER-SU-OH", is the alteredand .elleni"ed form of the Turkish word "BIR SU O"meanin$ "it is one water","it is any water"! The music of ORPHEUS is the mytholo$ical personification ofthe 1voice1 (i!e!, the sound) of runnin$ waters in nature! All runnin$ waters makenatural 1music1 as they run over the rocks and waterfalls! .is (ORPHEUS) music

was so beautiful that when he 1played1, all animals followed him, even the treesfollowed him and the fish umped for oy! es, the life $ivin$ water (S) was soimportant for livin$ bein$s that wherever its musical 1voice1 was heard, everylivin$ bein$ went $ravitated to it - so that they could drink from it or benefir fromit9 &uropeans use this word ORPHEUS as their own, but they do not know that ithas also been usurped from Turkish - contrary to the known .ellenic mytholo$y!

Most likely, the Sardinians also had an under$round water system to overcome theirwater shorta$e problems! The prsence of 10ell Temples1 in Sardinia is anindication of it! Similar to this is the KANATwater system of ancient Turkistan(where means "4a#at""!a#al ater ',a#!e syste*"for a subterraneanwater) conduit system) which brou$ht the under$round waters to surface to beused by people!

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:$ Sar,#a# BETI0E a#, Tr4sh or, TEPE0I+

#ef!C! http344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4iantsD5=E$rave

"Giants7 gra/e(Italian: #omba dei giganti, Sardinian: #umbas de sos gigantes) isthe name gi+en by local people and archaeologists to a type of Sardinianmegalithic gallery gra+e built during the $ron@e


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In the so-called slab type, uncut slabs are buried on end in the ground, and arearranged side-by-side. #here is usually a central stele, hich is the largest (up to 7m in height) slab and has a dooray cut through it. #he sepulchres ha+e acharacteristic rectangular plan ith an apse. #he burial chamber is usually / to /meters long and to 3 meters high. #he structures were originally co/ered y amound resemling the sha2e of an o/erturned shi28ear the entrance was anoelisk (etile in Sardinian), which symoli*es the gods or ancestors who

watched o/er the dead"

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The "o&ertr#e, sh7"makes a conve% heap which constitutes a hill shape, thatis, "TEPE"in Turkish! The overturned ship is also a symbol of a 1dead ship1,hence the symbol of a 1dead sailor1! Ancient Sardinians were Sea-*eople and

therefore - sailors! Buryin$ their dead in mounds shaped like overturned shipsverifies that the ancient Sardinians were 1Sea *eoples1, and also, that reli$iously,they were the believers of the od-.ead and the .uman-.ead duality (i!e!,1TEPE1) concept! 8or that reason, even the =>>> Sura$hes, distributed all over thecountry, are all built in the shape of a T&*&!

It is interestin$ to note that the Sardinian reli$ious concept represented by the term"BETI0E"was also used by the *hoenicians! See "Co# o Ma!r#s"FSabatinoMoscati, 1The world of the *hoenicians, 2G=C, p! =H, and on p! ==, where he uses

the term "BET80"$A B&TL is defined as "a sacred stone, often in the form ofa lock trimmed into a conical sha2e See also om2halos"An omphalos isdefined as "the center or hu of something"! In this conte%t, the S+ is the1center1 of our solar system where the solar system turns around the sun, and the"Hea,"is the 1hub1 of any livin$ bein$ such as 1man1 and other livin$ bein$swhich include even villa$es, cities, countries as well since they too have a 1head1(centre) place where a ruler-establishment carries on the $overnin$ of the affairs ofthe community!

0e note that the term "%etyl"is nothin$ but 1a hill shape1, that is, TEPEinTurkish! In fact, the *hoenician "BET80"and the Sardinian "BETI0E"are oneand the same - and they are from the Turkish word "TEPE0I"- meanin$ "withhead"! Interestin$ly, there is the Turkish word "TAPI0I"which means "it isworshi22ed"! This a$ain hilites the concept of the "h*a# hea,"as a sacred andodly bein$ for the ancient Turanians! This verifies the above reference sayin$3#he burial chamber is usually / to / meters long and to 3 meters high. #hestructures were originally co/ered y a mound resemling the sha2e of an

o/erturned shi28ear the entrance was an oelisk (etile in Sardinian), whichsymoli*es the gods or ancestors who watched o/er the dead"Ancient Turks were

1ancestor worshippin$ peoples1! *uttin$ up so-called $rave monuments, menhirs,dolmens, stela (from Turkish 309TA;Imeanin$ "dead 2erson7s stone, gra/e


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stone") are the livin$ testaments to that ancient Turanian belief9


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(feminine sarda) that the name had a religious connotation is suggested from itsuse also as the ad*ecti+e for the ancient Sardinian mythological hero-god Sardus

"ater Sardinian !ather (misunderstood by many modern SardiniansItalians asbeing !ather Sardus), as ell as being the stem of the ad*ecti+e "sardonic".

Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinised form of the Greek Hyknousa),

Sandalion, Sardinia and Sardoby the ancient ;reeks and the %omans.

It is said in the above reference that the word SARDONICis the adective relatedto the name SARDINIA! 8rom the adective "SARDONIC", most likely, the nameSARDINIAwas initially in the form of "SARDONIA"! The reek form of theterm SARDONICis $iven as SARDONIOS SARDONIA SARDONION,Fivry@s Modern &n$lish - reek and reek - &n$lish ictionary, 2G, p! H=2J! Inthis form, the name SARDONIA, rearran$ed as "DORANS-IA", is the#omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "TURANC 38I" (TURANCI E>I)

meanin$ "house of #uranian"! This would be the one of the most relevantattributes of the name of Sar,#a! As we will see below, other attributes ofSardinians will support this view!

a) Similarly, the reek word SARDONIOS, rearran$ed as "S-DORANS-OI", isthe altered and .elleni"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "aS TURANCI 38I"(BIR TURANCI E>I)meanin$ "one house of #uranians"! This verifies theabove definition obtained from SARDONIA!

b) A$ain, the reek word SARDONIOS, rearran$ed as "SARI-OD-NOS", isthe altered form of the Turkish e%pression "SARI OD-AN?U2"meanin$ "we arethe yellow fire of sky", "we are the follower of the yellow fire of sky", "we aresun worshi22ing 2eo2le"! This refers to their Turanian sun worshippin$ reli$ion!

Turkish word SARImeans "yellow", ODmeans "fire", ANmeans "sky6 2luralitysuffi0", OD-ANmeans "Sky %ire", that is,"the Sun"!

c) A$ain, the reek word SARDONIOS, rearran$ed as "SARI-OD-NOS", is thealtered form of the Turkish e%pression "SARI OD-hAN?U2"meanin$ "we are

the yellow fire lords", "we are the lords of the yellow fire of sky", "we are thesun lords"! This refers to their Turanian name of ".9N HAN"meanin$ "SunLord"which was the name of the first son of the si% sons of /$u" :a$an! But thename ".9N HAN"was also the name of the *hoenicians who were also namedCANAANITES, that Semiti"ed name was from Turkish name ".9N HAN"!Also called :I+AA+I which is a$ain from Turkish ".9N HAN"! This makes theSardinians and the *hoenicians Turanian kins of each other! *hoenicians were alsoin Sardinia!

See 0ikipedia url http344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4*hoenicia

"hoenicia (B play f n D, BS fD ni D'3 from the ;reek: EFGHJK: "hoinLk),
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoeniciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia


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as an ancient ci+ili@ation in Canaan hich co+ered most of the estern, coastalpart of the fertile Crescent. Se+eral ma*or "hoenician cities ere built on thecoastline of the Mediterranean. It as an enterprising maritime trading culturethat spread across the Mediterranean from //6 $C to 166 $C. #he "hoeniciansused the galley, a man-poered sailing +essel, and are credited ith the in+entionof the $ireme.'1 #hey ere famed in Classical ;reece and %ome as Atraders in

purpleA, referring to their monopoly on the precious purple dye of the Mure= snail,used, among other things, for royal clothing, and for their spread of the alphabet(or ab*ad), upon hich all ma*or modern alphabets are deri+ed.

d) A$ain, the reek word SARDONIOS, rearran$ed as "SARI-DONOS", is thealtered and .elleni"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "SARI DONU2"meanin$"we are yellow 2ant wearers"! This refers to their wearin$ "yello 7a#ts"assymbol of their Turanian sun worshippin$ reli$ion!

Turkish word DONmeans "2ants, aggy trouser6 clothing"!

In order to understand the attributions of the name SARDINIA, let us understandthe multi meanin$s in Turkish hidden in the adective form of this name,SARDONIC! sin$ the power of Turkish lan$ua$e in decipherin$ this word, insummary, we can deduce the followin$ attributes about the ancient Sardinians fromits variuos decipherments!

The a#!e#t Sar,#a#s ere+

a) "#uranians, from #uran"6

) "#anri elie/ers, Sky-God elie/ers"6

c) "Sky-#urks6 Lord #urks"6

d) "#urks from #urkiye", "2eo2le from +natolia"6

e) "#ur:#urk man"6

f) "water men"6

g) "Saka men (Saka #urks)", "Pelasgians6 "fishermen"6

h) "men of ocean"6i) "soldiers of the Sun"6

;) "soldiers"Kk) "followers of the sun", "Sun worshi22ing 2eo2le"6

l) "the readers of written works"6

l


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2) "cattle reeder men"6

>) "yellow wood dealers"6

r) "knowledge 2eo2le, light 2eo2le"6

s) "wearing yellow 2ants", "yellow 2ants 2eo2le"!

All of these ?ualifications deciphered from the term SARDONIC, make the ancientSARDINIAas the "home of 2eo2le with these attriutes"! etails of thesefindin$s are $iven below 3

=$1 The Ro*a#@e, or, SARDONIC+

a) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "DORANCIS", is a form of the

Turkish e%pression "TURANCI8I2" meanin$ "we are #uranians, we are from#uran"! This definition identifies Sardinians as Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples!0ith this definition, Sardinia was a "House of #uranians"!

b) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "DANROCIS", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "TANRUCI8I2" meanin$ "we are #anri elie/ers, we are

Sky-God elie/ers" ! This definition makes them Sky-od TA+#I believer peoplesof Turan! This a$ain identifies the Sardinians as Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples!0ith this definition, Sardinia was a "House of #uranian #anri elie/ing 2eo2le"!

c) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "AN-DORCIS", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "AN-TURKI2" (.3K TURKI2 HAN TURKI2) meanin$"4e are Sky-#urks6 4e are Lord #urks"! This definition identifies Sardinians as

bein$ the Sky Turks (k Trk) and the island of Sardinia as an ancient "House of#urks"!

d) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "DORCIAS-N", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "TURKIAC" meanin$ "#urks from #urkiye"! Thisdefinition identifies the Sardinians as bein$ from Anatolia! 0ith this definition,Sardinia was a "House of 2eo2le from +natolia"!

e) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "DORC-INSA", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "TURK INSANI" meanin$ "#urkman"! This definitionidentifies Sardinians as "TURKMEN", that is as Turkish peoples9 0ith thisdefinition, Sardinia was a "House of #urkean"!

This meanin$ can be seen better in the name SARDINIAN (SARDONIAN),


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which when rearran$ed as "DOR-INSANA", is a form of the Turkish e%pression"TUR INSANI" meanin$ "#ur:#urk man"! This definition identifies Sardiniansas "TURKMEN", that is, as the Turkish peoples9

f) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SOCI-ARND", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SUCI EReND" (SUCU EReND) meanin$ "they werewater men", "they were sea 2eo2le"! This meanin$ in Turkish describes them as1people of the sea1 which they were9 Thus, with this definition, Sardinia was a"House of Sea Peo2le"!

Turkish word SUmeans "water", SUCI (SUCU SAKA)means "water2rofessional6 skillful 2erson in water affairs6 water carrier",ERmeans "man6soldier6 hero6 husand", ERENmeans "men6 soldiers6 heroes6 husands",

ERENDmeans "they are men, they are 2eo2le", EN (AN)means "ancient#urkish 2lurality suffi0"!

$) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SCA-RNDI-O", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SAKA eReND O" meanin$ "He is S+?+ men", "He is

Saka #urks"9 This definition in Turkish not only identifies them as the SAKATr4sbut also puts them under the so-called name "Pelas'a#s"9 8or clarity, atthis time I $ive only one meanin$ in Turkish of the name PE0AS.IAN!

The name PE0AS.IANrearran$ed as "PA0I.SEAN", is a form of the Turkishe%pression "BA0IKCIAN" (BA0IKCI0AR) meanin$ "the fishermen"! Thisdefinition in Turkish clearly establishes the reason why the 1*elas$ians1, that is, theSA:A Turks were called "sea going 2eo2le"by the ancient reeks! Because theywere the fishermen of the sea9

Additionally, the name PE0AS.IAN, rearran$ed as 1BI0.ESAAN"or1BI0.ASEAN"is the altered, restructured form of the Turkish word"BI0.ICIAN" (BI0.ECI0ER)meanin$ "men of knowledge"! This, of course,

reminds us the Turko-Sumerian word "BI0.AMESH" (BI0.EMISH), that is,the so-called ".I0.AMESH"who was the "2ersonification of knowledge"butin Turkish!

Turkish word BA0IKmeans "fish", BA0IKCImeans "fisher, fisherman",BA0IKCIAN (BA0IKCI0AR)means "fishermen", BI0.Imeans"knowledge", BI0.ICI (BI0.E)means "he who has ac>uired knowledge"!*elas$ians were such Turanians!

Turkish name SAKA was the name of "S+?+ #urks", and the word SAKA

(SUCU)means "water man"! Sakas were also called by the name SC8THIAN(i!e!, 1ISKIT0ER1 in Turkish)! The #omani"ed and 'hristiani"ed "SCOTS"of


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Scotland, were also the SAKA (ISKIT)Turks9

h) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "OCIANS-RD", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "OK8ANS eRD" meanin$ "he is man of ocean", "he isman of o2en sea"! This definition in Turkish, a$ain identifies the Sardinians as"the sea 2eo2le"and as "men of ocean"! Turkish word OK8ANUSmeans"ocean"

i) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "ASCIR-OD-N", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "ASKER OD aN" meanin$ "soldier of sky %ire", "Soldiersof the Sun"which they were as the believers of the Sun od9

) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "ASCIRNDO", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "ASKERaNDU" (ASKER0ERDI) meanin$ "#hey weresoldiers"which makes them a soldier people - like all other Turks were soldiersand heroic people9 +o wonder it is said that 1#omans had $reat difficulty in makin$the Sardinians to submit to their authority! id not they commit a mass suiciderather than surrenderN1

Turkish word ASKERmeans "soldier", ODmeans "fire", ANmeans "sky62lurality suffi0", OD ANmeans "Sky %ire", that is,"the Sun", ASKERAN(ASKER0ER)means "soldiers", DU (DI D D9) means "/eral ending suffi0"!

k) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SARI-ODNC, is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SARI OD aNC" meanin$ "follower of the yellow fire ofsky", "follower of the sun", "sun worshi22ing 2eo2le"- which they were9

l!2) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SR-OCIAND", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "eSeR OKI8AND" meanin$ "he was the reader of written

works" - indicatin$ that they were literary men9

l!5) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SR-OCIAND", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SeR OKI8AND" (BA; OKU8ANDI) meanin$ either "hewas the to2 reader (of written works)" - indicatin$ that they were accomplishedliterary men or "he was ahead-reader1, that is, they were horoscopic people9 Thisis to tell events before they happen which was the subect of astrolo$y - the study ofthe movements and relative positions of celestial bodies interpreted as havin$ aninfluence on human affairs and the natural world! The &truscans who were kns ofthe Sardinians, were accoplished horoscopic people! Most likely, the Sardinians

were horoscopic also! The term horoscopy is said to be via Latin from reekhros4o7os, from hOra PtimeQ R skopos Pobserver@! I believe this etymolo$y is


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misleadin$!

The reek word H3ROSKOPOS, rearran$ed as "POSH-K3ROS-O", is a formof the Turkish e%pression "BA; .3R3; O" (3N .3R9; O) meanin$ "it is

foresight, it is foretelling, it is seing efore it ha22ens"! This is e%actly the sameas the Turkish e%pression "SER OKI8AND" (BA; OKU8ANDI) which iswithin the word SA#/+I'! Thus the reek term is a word that has beenfabricated from Turkish as I showed here!

l!C) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SR-OCIAND", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SIR OKI8AND" meanin$ "he was the reader of secrets" -indicatin$ that they were men who could read secret (knowled$e)9

l!


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Turkish word ACUNmeans "endless", SUmeans "water", ACUN SU(OK8ANUS)means "endless water, oceans"!

o) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "COIANS-RD", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "KO8UNCU eRD" meanin$ "he was shee2 reeder man"!They breeded sheep (possibly cattle and horses too as these were the specialty ofthe ancient Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples)!

Turkish word KO8UNmeans "shee2", KO8UNCUmeans "shee2 reeder"!

p) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "OCIS-ARND", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "OKI2 (OKU2) EReND" meanin$ "they were cattle

reeding men"!

Turkish word OKI2 (OKU2 3K92) means "ull"! The probably had horsebreedin$ culture as well ust like al other Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peopls!

?) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SARI-ODNC, is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SARI ODNC" meanin$ "yellow wood dealer"! "8ello7#e oo,"is mentioned in Sardinia! It is said that Sardinia was the e%ported ofwood for ship buildin$! There must be a 1yellow1 tree special to Sardinian$eo$raphy like the 1cedars1 of Lebanon (i!e!, *hoenicia)9

Turkish word ODUNmeans "wood", ODUNCUmeans "wood dealer"!

r) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "NORSI-ACD", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "NURCU A.aD" meanin$ "he is lord of enlightenment"!This definition identifies Sardinians as "4#ole,'e 7eo7le l'ht 7eo7le"! Thename NURA.HEin the form of "NUR A.HE"is also Turkish "NUR A.A"

meanin$ "lord of light, lord of enlightenment"!

s) The name SARDONIC, rearran$ed as "SARI-DONC", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SARI DONCU" meanin$ "he who wears yellow 2ants"-which the Sardinians (Sardonians) do9 This definition identifies Sardinians as"yello 7a#t 7eo7le"! In this case, the 1yellow pant1 would be the national dresssymbol of Sar,#a#s(SARIDONIAN) as believers of the yellow sun! So theirname also symboli"es this aspect of their clothin$ as a symbol of believin$ in theSun! (See also Item =! below)!

Turkish word SARImeans "yellow", DONmeans "2ants6 clothing worn on legs6


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dress, clothing", DONCUmeans "he who wears certain clothing6 he who makes2ants"! The followin$ picture in 8i$ures 2 and 5 below e%plain this very clearly9

+ow, all of these decipherments that I enumerated above $ive us a lot of newidentity information about the ancient Sardinians - some of which are alreadyknown but some are new revelations!

8i$ure 2! Sardinian (Saridonian) 1ellow *ants1 men!

(*icture from Antonello di Biase album in 8acebook)


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8i$ure 5! Sardinian (i!e! 1SA#I/+IA+1 1SA#I/+LLA#1) showin$ theirnational color of 1yellow1

(note the yellow dress of women and the yellow pants of man)


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8i$ure C! Sardinian $irls dancin$ with their beautiful yellow4red dresses!

'ompare this with Turkish $irls from Sivas below3

8i$ure


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(8rom http344www!youtube!com4watchNv$hUV%hBc)

777=$5 The #a*e SARDI.NA+

a) Thename SARDI.NA, rearran$ed as 1SARI-.NDA", is the altered,restructured and #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "SARI .9ND9"meanin$ "it is the yellow sun"which refers to their worshippin$ the ellow($olden) Sun!

b) The name SARDI.NA, rearran$ed as 1NARSI-A.D", is the altered,restructured and #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "NARCI A.ADI"

meanin$ "he is fire dealing lord"which refers to their bein$ people who do workwith fire1! This indicates they were probably doin$ metal smeltin$, iron works andother metals! Turkish is very much the Sardinan 1+#A.&1! See deciphermentn) above!

c) The name SARDI.NA, rearran$ed as 1SA.A-RNDI", is the altered,restructured and #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "SA.A-eRENDI"meanin$ "they were Saka men"! Thus, this identifies them as the ancient SAKATurks! Turkish word SAKAmeans "water man", "sea man", that is, "Sea

Peo2le"! At this point, I must point out that the &n$lish word SEAis nothin$ butthe alienated and An$lici"ed form of the Turkish word "SU"meanin$ "water"!All seas are 1endless1 waters9

d) The name SARDI.NA, rearran$ed as 1SARI-.AND", is the altered,restructured and #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression"SARI KENT"meanin$ "yellow city"or "yellow country"! This name SARI.ANDis very muchsimilar to the ancient Turkistan city named SAMER.AND (SAMERKANT)

which is very likely the name SUMER.ANDmeanin$ the "SUMER CIT8"!

Thus, in summary, the Sardi$nians (Sardinians) were3

a) "yellow sun 2eo2le"6

) "2eo2le who used fire (heat) for their works such as metal smelting and

metal works"6

c) "Saka men, water men"6

d) "yellow city men"or "yellow country men"!

777
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghVQGXxhjBchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghVQGXxhjBc


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=$: The #a*e SANDA0ION+

a) The name SANDA0ION, rearran$ed as "SANDA0N-OI", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SANDA0aN 38" (SANDA00AR E>I)"meanin$ "houseof oats"! This makes the Sardinians a "7eo7le ho ere #te#sely #&ol&e,th ater relate, or4s"because in order to $o fishin$ in the open waters, theyneeded some kind of boat - implyin$ that they were also boat builders and owners9

Turkish word SANDA0 (KA8IK TEKNE)means "oat", AN plurality suffi%and 38means "house, home6 country"!

b) The name SANDA0ION, rearran$ed as "SANDA0NI-O", is a form of theTurkish e%pression "SANDA00I O" (KA8IKCI O)"meanin$ "he is oat

owner", "he is oat uilder"! This a$ain makes the Sardinians a "sea 7eo7le"because in order to $o fishin$ in the open waters, they needed some kind of boat -implyin$ that they were also boat builders and owners9

Turkish word SANDA0 (KA8IK TEKNE)means "oat", SANDA00Imeans"2eo2le with oats"!

c) The name SANDA0ION, rearran$ed as "ANADO0INS" or"NADO0IANS", is a form of the Turkish e%pression "ANADO0IANI2"meanin$ "we are from +natolia"! This indicates that, like theEtrs!a#s theSar,#a#sor the Sa#,alo#swere ori$inally from Anatolia9 The statement31The 'res re7rese#te, # the %ro#@e states o *e# !arry#' ro#, shel,sa#, ear#' hel*ets th hor#s !ol, thereore ha&e A#atola# or'#s$1 Seehttp344www!activsarde$na!com4ichnusa4storie4mitiEen!htm

Thus, the ancient Sandalion (i!e!, Sardinians) were3

a) "house of oats"6

) "oat owners", "oat uilders"

c) "from +natolia", that is, "were originally +natolians"

777

+ow let us use some of these ancient back$round information related to theSardinians to understand their hidden meanin$s and identities!

$ A%ot the #a*e SARDUS PATER+

a) The so-called name "SARDUS PATER", personifyin$ the ancient Sardinian

mytholo$ical hero-$od, is actually from Turkish e%pression "SARI OD APATIR"meanin$ "he is the @ellow %ire %ather", that is, the"%ather S38"9
http://www.activsardegna.com/ichnusa/storie/miti_en.htmhttp://www.activsardegna.com/ichnusa/storie/miti_en.htm


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Turkish word SARImeans "yellow", ODmeans "fire", APA (PAPA BABA)means "father", APATIR ( "PATER" "PEDER")means "he is father", ODAPAmeans "fire father (ie, yellow sun)"!

AAA

$ The 0at# #a*e SARDO+

a) The Latin name SARDO, in the conte%t of a country, rearran$ed as "SAR-OD", is an altered and #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression SARI 3yDFmeanin$ "it is yellow house", "it is yellow country"! The color ?yello?comesfrom worshippin$ the $olden colored sun! Ancient Sardinians were sun

worshippin$ peoples!

b) The Latin name SARDO, rearran$ed as "SAR-OD", is an altered and#omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "SAR OD"meanin$ "yellow fire"which refers to the sun since Sardinians were sun worshippin$ peoples!c) The Latin name SARDO, read as in Turkish, is from the Turkish word"SARDU"meanin$ "it is yellow"which a$ain refers to their sun worshippin$reli$ion!

The color 1yellow1 is also verified from the fact that the Latin words Sar,o#s

Sar,o#a Sar,o#*have the meanin$ of "Sar,#a#"(people) and is also thename of a

plant called "Sar,#a# 7la#t", that is, "kind of acrid uttercu2:2oisonous 2lant,crowfoot", Ffrom 0illiam 0hitaker@s 'lassics Technolo$y 'enter,10ords Latin-to-&n$lish and &n$lish-to-Latin ictionary1 at urlhttp344ablemedia!com4ctcweb4showcase4wordsonline!html!J

8or 1Sardinian Buttercup1 plant see htt7+GGe#$47e,a$or'G4GRa##!lsThis plant has 1yellow and white flowers1, and probably, amon$ them is also the

1pumpkins1 (s?uash) flowers!This is the color that we see painted on many ancient Sardinian "NURA.HE"stone structures called "BETI0E" (BET80),that is from Turkish "TEPE0I"meanin$ "with hill"or "hill like"!
http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/showcase/wordsonline.htmlhttp://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/showcase/wordsonline.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranunculushttp://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/showcase/wordsonline.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranunculus


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8i$ure ;! Sardinian buttercup (enus3 #anunculus)

The Latin term RANUNCU0US, rearran$ed as "SARU-CU0-UNN", is fromTurkish name"SARU .90" (SARI .90)meanin$ "yellow rose" (yellow flower)Thus, thesource of this so-calledLatin scientific term was Turkish999 The additional -UNNis most likely the alteredform of the Turkish1plurality suffi% "ENGAN"! This makes the plant name from Turkish "SARI.900ER"meanin$ "yellow flowers"!Turkish word SARImeans "yellow"and .90means "rose6 flower"!&ven the so-called Latin word .ENUSis from Turkish! It has two forms3

a) when rearran$ed as ".ENSU", it is the altered form of Turkish word CINSU(CINSI)meanin$ "its sort, ty2e, kind, /ariety, category6 genus,6 se06 gender"K


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b) when rearran$ed as ".UNES", it is the altered form of Turkish word .9NE;meanin$ "sun"!All of these indicate that the so-called 1Latin1 lan$ua$e is fabricated from Turkish -

ust like reek and all the other 1Indo-&uropean lan$ua$es9

777

$ A%ot the .ree4 #a*e H8KNOUSA+

The 0ikipedia reference above $ave us the followin$ additional information at urlhttp344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4Sardinia3

"Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinised form of the Greek Hyknousa),

Sandalion, Sardinia and Sardo y the ancient Greeks and the !omans"

The .ree4 #a*e H8KNOUSA+

The reek name H8KNOUSA meanin$ 1Sardinians1 is also an importantalternative name for cross checkin$ those attributions that we found for the termSARDONIC! This word also contains important and relevant informationre$ardin$ Sardinians but in Turkish!

In summary, we have the followin$ attribes for Sardinians deciphered from the

name H8KNOUSA! The Sardinians were3

a) "House of Sun"6) "house of Lord gu*"6

c) "Sky-gu* lords " (Sky-#urk lords)6

d) "house of Saka Lords", "house of Saka #urks", "house of Saka Huns"6

e) "su2reme lords of the water"6

f) "school 2eo2le", "learned 2eo2le"6

g) "houses of light", "houses of enlightenment", "houses of learned 2eo2le"6

h) "good s2eaker", "good language"6

i) "ocean going 2eo2le", "o2en sea 2eo2le"6

;) "2eo2le who studied water"6

k) "2eo2le who rought running water to houses"6

l) "oat makers, oat owners, oat o2erators, oatmen"6

m) "2eo2le who reeded shee2"6

n) "cattle lords", "house of cattle"6

o) "sky-wise lords"6

2) "/illage-wise lords"6

>) "2eo2le who washed themsel/es"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardiniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinia


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The detalied decipherments of this name are as follows3

a) The reek name H8KNOUSA, in the conte%t of a country, rearran$ed as"KUNASH-O8", is a different form of the Turkish e%pression ".9NE; 38"meanin$ "Sun House" (House of Sun)indicatin$ that they were ancient Sun-

believin$ Turanians!

Turkish word .9NE;means "sun"and 38 (E>)means "house, home,country"!

b) The reek name H8KNOUSA, in the conte%t of a country, rearran$ed as"OKUS-HAN-8"or "KUS-HAN-O8"is a different form of the Turkish

e%pression "OKU2 HAN 38" (O.U2 HAN 389)meanin$ "the house of Lordgu*"! This definition in Turkish not only identifies the ancient Sardinians as

believers of the Turranian Sky deitiy /W, but also identifies them as bein$ fromthe house of Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples!

c) The reek name H8KNOUSA, when rearran$ed as "K8-OUS-HAN", is adifferent form of the Turkish e%pression ".8 O.U2 HAN"meanin$ "Sky-gu*lord " (Sky-#urk lord)indicatin$ that they were ancient Turanians Sky-Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples! Sky-Turks (k Turks) are known in history9

Turkish word .38 (.3K)means "sky"and HANmeans "lord6 a 2alace likeestalisment"! By way of metaphore, "s4y-,o*e"is one such establishment ofnature9 !

d) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "SKA-HUN-O8", is adifferent form of the Turkish e%pression "SAKA HAN 38" (SAKA HUN 38)meanin$ "house of Saka Lord(s)"! This definition a$ain identifies them as the

Sa4a Kha#s! In ancient India where the Turkish peoples had the reat Sun &mpire,the Saka Turks were also called HUN (HUNA)which became the name of thereat .un &mpire of the Turks9

e) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "SU-HAKN8-O", is a differentform of the Turkish e%pression "SU HAKANU O" (SUCU O SAKA O)meanin$"he is the su2reme lord of the water"! This definition in Turkish identifies themas the ancient masters of anythin$ to do with water! That is why the Sardinianswere known as 1the Sea *eople1! This definition identifies them as the SAKA

Turks (IS:IT Turks) who were also called by the reeks "SC8THIAN"$


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The reek name SC8THIAN, rearran$ed as "SC8-HANTI", is the altered,restructred and .elleni"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "SCU-HANT"(SUCU HANDI SAKA HANTI)meanin$ "he is the lord of water"! That is whythe Sardinians were known as "the Sea Peo2le"! They were all so-calledPE0AS.IANS, that is, the ancient Saka Turks or by the $eneral name ofTur4Turk4/$u" peoples9 This decipherments also verifies above decipheredmeanin$ under c)! This is only one meanin$ in Turkish, we may have othermeanin$s as well, but not now!

Turkish word SUmeans "water"and HAKANmeans "great lord, su2reme lord",SUCUmeans "he who deals with water, water is his usiness6 S+?+ (#urks)",HANmeans "lord", -TI -DI are verbal sufi% meanin$ "it is"!

f) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "OKU8ANHS", is an alteredform of the Turkish e%pression "OKU8ANI2" meanin$ "we are school 2eo2le","we go to school", "we are learned 2eo2le"! This definition identifies them as

people who are enli$htened by $oin$ to school, in other words, they had a schoolsystem in their country!

Interestin$ly, the name NURA.HE, rearran$ed as "A.UEN-HR", also embodiesthe Turkish e%pression "OKU8AN ER"meanin$ "man of learning"! Thus thesetwo definitions in Turkish from two different names related to Sardinians to verifyeach other! In fact, the term NURin Turkish means "light6 enligtenment"! 0iththese confirmations, it can be said with confidence that the NURA.HESweresome kind of "learning"centers built in the form of an elon$ated 1head1 (i!e!,?TEPE BA;"in Turkish) surrounded by a villa$e! These elon$ated "hea,s"wealso find with the ancient 1*hoenician1 men! In fact any learnin$ by man in anyinstitution involves the "h*a# hea,"both from the point of teachers and fromthe point of learners! .uman head is the creator of everythin$ that is man made onearth! .ead is the creator9 Thus the NURA.HES, in one meanin$, symboli"e the"h*a# hea,"! 8or e%ample, the Turkish man name NURImeans "enlightenedman"!

$) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "SHUK-O8AN", is an alteredform of the Turkish e%pression "I;IK 38AN" (I;IK 380ER" meanin$ "housesof light", "houses of enlightenment", "houses of learned 2eo2le"! Thisdefinition a$ain identifies them as people who are enli$htened by $oin$ to school!It also means they were people who reli$iously believed in the sun li$ht, that is,Turkish "NUR"!

h) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "A8-KONUSH", is an alteredform of the Turkish e%pression "E8I KONU;I" meanin$ "good s2eaker", "good


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language"! This definition implies that the Sardinians had a 1$ood lan$ua$e1!Since they called themselves "we are Sky-#urks6 we are lord #urks", their $oodlan$ua$e must have been the Turkish lan$ua$e as we are vitnessin$ it now throu$hthese decipherments9 (See Item c) under name SA#/+I')!

i) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "OK8ANUSH", where letter .can be ., &, I, is an altered form of the Turkish e%pression "OK8ANISI"(OK8ANUSCU) meanin$ "he who goes ocean", "o2en sea 2eo2le"! Thisdefinition identifies the Sardinians as ocean $oin$ people, like all other so-called*&LASIA+s!

The Turkish term OK8ANUSwhich means "ocean"is seen better from the Latinterm OCEANUS! In this case when the Latin name is rearran$ed as "ACEN-SU-

O"or "ACUN-SE-O", it is from the Turkish e%pression "ACUN SU O"meanin$"it is endless waters"!

) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "SU-OKH8AN", is a differentform of the Turkish e%pression "SU OKU8AN" meanin$ "he who studieswater"! This definition in Turkish a$ain identifies the ancient Sardinians as peoplewho studied different aspects of water and its uses - in homes and in the country!That is why they were called Sea *eaople (i!e!, 1SA:A1 in Turkish)! The TermSAKAmeans "ater *a#"in Turkish9 The Saka people not only brou$htdrinkin$ water to their houses, but they were also the people who providedirri$ation waters to fields, built water channels, dried up the swampy areas, and alsofished in the rivers, lakes and seas9 +o wonder they also called themselves"su2reme lords of the water"(see my decipherment c) above)! Their skills inmastery of waters can be achieved only in schools - indicatin$ that they had ahi$hly developed school system in their country! In this conte%t the followin$decipherment of the name is very si$nificant3

k) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "O8H-AKN-SU", is adifferent form of the Turkish e%pression "38E AKAN SU" meanin$ "runningwater to houses"! This definition in Turkish states that they had runnin$ waters intheir houses! The &truscans were famous for their so-called "AJUADUCTUS"which itself is a term made up from Turkish "SU AJUTUCUDU" (SU ARIKISU KANA0I)meanin$ "it is water carrier, water 2i2e, water channel that guidesrunning water"! That is what an 1a?uaductus1 is all about9 If &truscans did build1a?uaductus1, it is a sure thin$ that their bretheren in the ne%t-door island wouldalso do that9 The reference above states the presence of the ancient watersu22lying system, with its ig underground ducts!


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l) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "KA8UHSO-N", is a differentform of the Turkish e%pression "KA8UKCUAN" (KA8UKCU0AR)meanin$"oat makers, oat owners, oat o2erators, oatmen"! Since the ancientSardinians (SA:ALA#) were see $oin$ peoples, this definition in Turkishappropriately identifies them as "oat makers, o2erators and owners"! That is thetrade of water-dealin$ people9 Sardinians are said havin$ war ships operated in theMediterranean sea!

Turkish word KA8UKmeans"oat", KA8UKCUmeans"oatman, oat maker,oat owner", KA8UKCUAN(KA8UKCU0AR)means "oatmen, oatmakers,oat owners, oat o2erators", AN (0ER 0AR)means "2lurality suffi0"!

m) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "KO8UNSAH", is a different

form of the Turkish e%pression "KO8UNCU" meanin$ "he who reedes shee2"!Ancient Sardinians (SA:ALA#) were sheep breedin$ people! This definition inTurkish appropriately identifies them as "owners of shee2"which was one of thehome economic base of all Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples!

Turkish word KO8UNmeans"shee2", KO8UNCUmeans"shee2 owner, shee2reeder"!

n) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "OKUS-HAN8", is a differentform of the Turkish e%pression "OKU2 HANU" meanin$ "cattle lord6 house ofcattle"! This definition in Turkish identifies the ancient Sardinians as cattle

breedin$ people! 'attle breedin$ was another one of the home economic base of allTuranian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples!

Turkish word OKU2means"o0, ull6 cattle", HANmeans"lord6 ig house"!

o) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "KO8-US-HAN", is a

different form of the Turkish e%pression ".38 US HAN" meanin$ "Sky wiselord"! This definition in Turkish identifies the ancient Sardinians as knowled$ablepeople about the sky or the sky observers!

p) It is also the Turkish e%pression "K38 US HAN" meanin$ "/illage wiselord"! This definition identifies the ancient Sardinians as wise people of villa$e

buildin$, administerin$, etc!! &vidently, the ancient Sardinians were $ood selfsustained villa$e builders as some of the +ura$he pictures indicate so9

?) The reek name H8KNOUSA, rearran$ed as "8HKANUSO", is a differentform of the Turkish e%pression "8IKANUCU" meanin$ "he who washes


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himself:herself"! This definition in Turkish identifies the ancient Sardinians as selfwashin$ people! Turanians are known for their bath houses such as Turkish"HAMAM"! Some of the Sardinian +ura$hes could have a function related tothis concept!(NNN) Interestin$ly, the Latin term H8.IEINA (&n$lish termH8.IENE), is very much the same as H8KNOUSA , that is, "8IKANUCU"!The Latin term H8.IEINA, rearran$ed as "EIH-8I.AN", is an ana$rammati"edand #omani"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "E8I 8IKAN" meanin$ "goodwashing" or "wash yourself well"! That is what the 1hy$iene1 is all about9 It is$ood washin$ and cleanin$9

777

$ The 0at# #a*e ICHNUSA+

In summary, we have the followin$ attributes for Sardinians deciphered from thename ICHNUSA! The Sardinians were3

a "a house of sun"6

"sun and moon 2eo2le"6

c) "sky light"or "light lord" 2eo2le6d) "sunlight" 2eo2le6

e) "the water lord", "the Saka lord" 2eo2le6

f) "water man", like "water li/ing life"6

f


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meanin$ 1o%1! Two horns of o% metaphorically form a "!res!e#t *oo#"! ue tothese homonym nature of the two Turkish words, the ".o, O'@"was symboli"edin the form of a "BU00"! The term homonym is defined as3 "each of two wordsha/ing the same 2ronunciation ut different meanings, origins, or s2elling"!

c) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "ISHUC-AN", is an altered formof the Turkish e%pression "I;IKAN" (I;IKhAN) meanin$ "sky light"or "lightlord"which a$ain points to the sun and its li$ht! It is normal for a sun worshippin$

people to identify themselves with the name of their belief - theSun!

d) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "CUN-ISHA", is an altered formof the Turkish e%pression ".9N I;I" meanin$ "sunlight"!

e) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "SUCI-HAN", is an altered formof the Turkish e%pression "SUCU HAN" (SAKA HAN) meanin$ "the waterlord", "the Saka lord"! This definition in Turkish a$ain identifies the ancientSardinian as the Saka Turks!

f) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "SU-CANIH", is an altered formof two Turkish e%pressions3 f!2) "SU CANI" meanin$ "water man6 water li/ing life"! This definition inTurkish a$ain identifies the ancient Sardinian 1water people1 so much that it $ivesthe impression that they were bein$s who lived in the waterK

f!5) "S9 CANI" (ASKER) meanin$ "soldier man"! This definition inTurkish identifies the ancient Sardinian as soldier people - like all ancientTuranians were9 The Turkish word S9means 1soldier1!

$) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "UCIANHS", is an altered form ofthe Turkish e%pression "OKUyANI2" meanin$ "we are school 2eo2le", "we go

to school", "we are learned 2eo2le"! This definition identifies them as peoplewho are enli$htened by $oin$ to school, in other words, they had a school system intheir country!

h) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "UCHANIS", is an altered form ofthe Turkish e%pression "ULANI2" meanin$ "we are fliers", "we fly"! Thisdefinition identifies the ancient Sardinians as 1flyin$ people1! It is curious that theancient reek mytholo$y also talks about a "ly#' *a#"named "ICARUS"! SeeIcarus - 0ikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In ;reek mythology,Icarus(the 5atin spelling, con+entionally adopted in
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icarushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icarus


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8nglish ;reek: JNOFP, Qkaros, 8truscan: Rikare') is the son of the mastercraftsman Baedalus. #he main story told about Icarus is his attempt to escape

from $reteby means of ings that his father constructed from feathers and a=.>e ignored instructions not to fly too close to the sun, and the melting a= causedhim to fall to his death!

/f course, he did not really fly too close to the sun if he ever flied at all9 But, it iscurious that the Latin term ICHNUSA, meanin$ 1Sardinians1 and also meanin$"we are fliers",and, the Latin term ICARUShave the same meanin$s in Turkishafter decipherments!

The Latin name ICARUS, rearran$ed as "UCARIS", is an altered form of theTurkish e%pression "ULARI2" meanin$ "we fly"! I do not belive that this is usta myth and had no connection with ancient reality9 0e also have the pictures of

18/ like1 obects in the i$hur Be"eklik ancient 8/sN Thousand Buddha 'avespaintin$s, http344www!youtube!com4watchNvnt0/80GeM>

Additionally, the name of one of the si% sons of /$u" :a$an was ".3K HAN"meanin$ "Sky Lord" which implies - the ruler of the sky, that is, the sky od! Butadditionally, it implies possibly a $roup of ancient Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peopleshad invented some kind of flyin$ device by which some people were flyin$! i$hurBe"eklik paintin$s show many 1flyin$1 obects that emit flame from its bottom9 Aswe see here, the ancient Sardinian name ICHNUSAalso has the Turkish word"ULANI2"meanin$ "we are fliers"!

Similarly, The Latin name DAEDA0US, (father of I'A#IS) meanin$ the 1mastercraftsman1, rearran$ed as 1SA &LA1, is an altered form of the Turkishe%pression "USTA E0DI" meanin$ "it is the master hand", "it is the skillfulhand"! Makin$ a device that flies, so called a plane, is surely the product of verymany skillful hands operated by knowled$able minds! Thus, this termDAEDA0USis also made up from a Turkish e%pression! It identifies thismytholo$ical character as a 1a skilled practitioner of a particular art or activity withhis hands and enli$htened mind1 that builds all kinds of thin$s in the world!

Wecharia Sitchin, in his book named 1The 25T. *LA+&T1, p! 2;G-2H>, talks aboutthe ourney of il$amesh and his lifelon$ friend &+:I to the Land of Tilmun,where il$amesh falls asleep and sees a dream! In awakenin$, il$amesh talksabout his dream to his friend &+:I! In his dream, he sees a mysteriousrocketlike thin$ hidden in the mountains! Wecharia Sitchin writes3 #he shemthat;ilgamesh reuired in order to reach the

where a rocketshiplike obect is shown!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntWOFW9eVM0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntWOFW9eVM0


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(In bracket here, I would like to note that the ori$inal form of the name.I0.AMESHwas BI0.AMESHin Sumerian! But the name BI0.AMESHisalso the Turkish word BI0.EMISHmeanin$ "he who has ac>uired knowledge"!It is the personification of knowled$e, that is, "BI0.I"in Turkish! The nameENKIDU, the friend of BI0.AMESH, in one meanin$, is a form of the Turkishword "KENDI-U"meanin$ "that is HI9SL%"! A person and his knowled$eare always lifelon$ friends9 The source of theis ancient epic story was in Turkish9)

In view of these e%planations, a$ain this "flying man" concept by ancientTuranians becomes a credible idea to think about9 0hether men were flyin$ or notin ancient times is not known presently! But, it seems that there are indicationsfrom ancient Turanians pointin$ to the probable reality of that concept in ancienttimes!

Turkish word USTAmeans "master craftsman"such as a master blacksmith, E0means "hand"and E0DImeans "it is hand"!

By the way, it is said that ICARUSwas tryin$ to fly away from the island ofCRETE! The name CRETE, rearran$ed as "TERC-E", is the ana$rammati"edform of the Turkish word "TURK-E&"meanin$ "House of #urk"!The ancient

people of 'rete were Turanians as their top city name KNOSSOSis from Turkish".9NE;"meanin$ 1sun1! The Minoans of CRETEwere ancient Sun believin$Turanians and were also *elas$ians!

i) The Latin name ICHNUSA, rearran$ed as "CUIANSH", is an altered form ofthe Turkish e%pression "KO8UNCU" meanin$ "he who reeds shee2"! AncientSardinians (SA:ALA#) were sheep breedin$ people! This definition in Turkishappropriately identifies them as "owners of shee2"which was one of the maineconomic activities of all Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples (in addition to cattle andhorse breedin$)!

So we see that all of these deciphered meanin$s in Turkish are verifyin$ each otherand even more! This is so because the ancient Turanian lan$ua$e of Turkish wentthrou$h a confusin$ sta$e from which came the so-called 1Indo-&uropean1 andSemitic lan$ua$es! +ow decipherin$ the 1Indo-&uropean1 words back to their

possible Turkish meanin$ is doable a$ain by their $iven meanin$s and also by thepower of the Turkish lan$ua$e9

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$ *art-5 of this study about the ancient Sardinians will be about the name

NURA.HEand the NURA.HEstructures of Sardinians!


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0ith all of these insi$ht e%planations, I believe I have e%plained known and4or

unkown attributions about the ancient Sardinians and the name of Sardinia9

I hope that this essay will answer some of the unknown aspects of ancient Sardinia

and the Sardinians9

0ith my best wishes to all,

*olat :aya

24>G5>22

The Sardinian Ca7tal Cty NORA a#, Sar,#a# K#sh7 6th the Phoe#!a#s(.9NHANS)

(Part- 5)

By

PO0AT KA8A

In *art-2 of this study, we noted that Sardinia was called Ichnusa (the Latinisedform of reek .yknousa), Sandalion, Sardinia and Sardo by the ancient reeks andthe #omans! And the term SA#/+I' was the adective of Sardinia! 0ee%amined many Sardinia related names and words! Amon$ them, we looked at fourdifferent Sardinia related words3 Sardonic, Sandalion, .yknousa and Ichnusa! By

decipherin$ the word 1Sardonic1 we found, inherent in the name,the followin$definitions in Turkish that were applicable to the Sardinians as their attributes3

"#uranians"6 "#anri elie/ers"6 "Sky-#urks6 Lord #urks"6 "#urks from

#urkiye", "2eo2le from +natolia"6 "#ur:#urk man"6

"watermen"6 "Saka men (Saka #urks)", "Pelasgians6 "fishermen"6 "men ofocean"6 "soldiers of the Sun"6 "soldier 2eo2le"K "followers of the sun", "Sunworshi22ing 2eo2le"6"the readers of written works"6 "the to2 readers of written

works"6 "the readers of secrets"6 "the readers of the winds"6 "the readers of the

God"6 "water studying men"6 "men of ocean waters"6 "shee2 reeder men"6

"cattle reeder men"6 "yellow wood dealers"6 "knowledge 2eo2le, light 2eo2le"6"wearing yellow 2ants", "yellow 2ants 2eo2le"!


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Also by decipherin$ the name SANDA0ION, we found the followin$ definitionsin Turkish that were relevant to the Sardanians3"house of oats"6 "oat owners"6 "oat uilders"6 "from +natolia", that is,"were originally +natolians"

And by decipherin$ the reek name H8KNOUSA, we have the followin$attributes for Sardinians! The Sardinians were3

"House of Sun"6 "house of Lord gu*"6 "Sky-gu* lords " (Sky-#urk lords)6

"house of Saka Lords", "house of Saka #urks","house of Saka Huns"6

"su2reme lords of the water"6 "school 2eo2le", "learned 2eo2le"6 "houses of

light", "houses of enlightenment", "houses of learned 2eo2le"6 "good s2eaker","good language"6 "ocean going 2eo2le", "o2en sea 2eo2le"6 "2eo2le who

studied water"6 "2eo2le who rought running water to houses"6 "oat makers,

oat owners, oat o2erators, oatmen"6 "2eo2le who reeded shee2"6 "cattle

lords", "house of cattle"6 "sky-wise lords"6 "/illage-wise lords"6 "2eo2le who

washed themsel/es"

And from the Latin name ICHNUSA, we deciphered the followin$ definitions inTurkish that are applicable as attributes for the Sardinians! The Sardinians were3

"a house of sun"6 "sun and moon 2eo2le"6 "sky light"or "light lord" 2eo2le6"sunlight" 2eo2le6 "the water lord", "the Saka lord" 2eo2le6 "water man", like

"water li/ing life"6 "soldier man"6 "school 2eo2le", "learned 2eo2le"6

"fliersC", "flying 2eo2leC"X(this needs to be verified yet9)K"shee2 reeders"

AAA

So, the Sardinians, bein$ the readers and writers of many fields, particularly, bein$

masters of water and li$ht related subects and their scientific understandin$ ofnature in their time, were enli$htened people who endured the harsh conditions oftheir environment by in$enious solutions to their problems! The SardinianNURA.HESare one of their best built and lon$ standin$ ancient architecturalcreations! Their knowled$e and enli$htenment are reflected even in the names

+/#A and +#A.& or S +#A.&!

The name NORA, the ancient capital city of Sardinia, has lin$uistic kinship withthe Sardinian name NURA.HE! The name NORAis actually from Turkish

"NUR E" (NUR E&)meanin$ "house of Light"! NORAis said to have beenbuilt by the *hoenicians, that is, the Turanian .9NHANSin Turkish - meanin$ the


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"Sun Lords1! Sun and li$ht are inseparable entities! In addition to the word I;I(I;U ;UA)for li$ht in Turkish, there is also the word NURmeanin$ 1li$ht1! The*hoenicians, 'arta$inians, &truscans, 'orsicans, Sicilians *elas$ians, Minoans,Anatolians were all lin$uistically and culturally related Turanians of the ancientworld! The followin$ back$round information $iven at urlhttp344italytourtravel!com4tours4unknown-sardinia-island!htmis enli$htenin$ 3

. . . . 8ora the ancient ca2ital of Sardinia. < si=teenth century toer dominates apromontory by hich you may see the +estiges of the ancient ton, that asfounded by "hoenicians as a double port of call for their sea trading: one portsheltered from the est ind and another shielded from the mistral. 9ora began a"unic and then a %oman city, but it disappeared around the third century $.C.,perhaps because of a cataclysm. #oday it is possible to +isit the remains of a "unicbackground, of %oman buildings, of a "unic-%oman temple, of thermal aths

decorated ith beautiful mosaics and abo+e all a pratically intact theatre hichdate back to the Imperial era. It is +ery interesting to disco+erthe ancient watersu22lying system, with its ig underground ducts, the mosaics with fine

decorating or mechanical drawings. #he sea still preser+es a part of the old city of9ora, that sinked because of an earthuake. Many buildings are no morerecogni@able under the crusts of sea and time. #here is a myth that says that 9oraas founded by 9orace, son of 9inph 8rithia and 8rmes, ho arri+ed in Sardinia

from Ieria. #he archaeological e=ca+ations demonstrate thatPhoeniciansprobably founded8orain the se+enth century $.C. Many remains itness thisancient ci+ili@ation: the necropolis ith the "hoenician cremation tombs, the oldle+els of southern houses. Carthaginian monuments are represented by fe gra+es,#anit #em2le ("hoenician goddess) and some cisternscalled Ta bagnarolaU.8oraruins are facing to one clean and hite beach.


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http344www!freewebs!com4"""land4ruinsofnorasardinia!htm

#he city as founded by "hoenician seafarers around I[-RIII century $.C. 5ittlee+idence remains of this ancient period in 9oraAa history, hoe+er an importanttestimony is "la Stele di 8ora" (#he Star of 8ora), on hich there is aninscription hich bears the name ofSardinia. 9oraAs "unic history, to a largee=tent, also remains a mystery, although the materials used in the construction oftombs suggest that it as a rich merchant settlement.1

This story is also informative as follows3

1$ The A#!e#t Sar,#a# Ca7tal Cty o NORA+

8irst the name NORAis said to be the name of the ancient capital city of Sardinia!

This name is very enli$htenin$ because it is from the Turkish word "NUR E"(NUR E&)meanin$ "house of light", "home of light"where Turkish word NURmeans "light"and E (E&)means "hose ho*e !o#try"! This tells us that theancient Sardinians were Turkish speakin$ people! This we found in *A#T-2 of thisstudy where I showed that they were Turanian Saka Turks and Tanri believin$

people! Thus we have another corroboration re$ardin$ their Turanian Turk identity!Since they were Sun worshippin$ people, and the sun is the source of li$ht,accordin$ly, they named their capital city NORA ($e$ NUR E>I)! 0e will see thatthis name is also present in the name NURA.HE! &ven presently, there is aSardinian city by the name NUOROin the north-east of Sardinia! Similarly, thereis the city named ORISTANOwhich is very much a name like the Turkish nameTURKISTAN! Most likely, ORISTANOwas ori$inally the name "NURISTANO"meanin$ "country of light"or "light of God", andpossibly "TURISTAN O"meanin$ "country of #ur"or "#ur God"! The Turkish names +#, +#I&,

+#A+, +#A, +#TA+, +#T&+, +#S&L and many other similar namesare used as $irl@s names in Turkish culture! And +#I, +#&TTI+, plus others formen!

It is also very important to note the name "la Stele , Nora" (The Star o Nora)!'uriously, when the word STE0Emeanin$ "star"is rearran$ed as "E0TES", wefind that it is the altered and Italiani"ed form of the Turkish word "I0TI2"(8I0DI2)meanin$ "star"! .ow close can one $et to the Turkish lan$ua$eN'learly, it was ori$inally the Turkish word "I0TI2" (8I0DI2)that someonerestructured to form the word STE0E

I showed above that the name NORAwas Turkish "NUR E>"meanin$ "house oflight"! This definition in Turkish make the name "la Stele , Nora" (The Star oNora) as the "#he House of Star Light", that is, "House of Sunlight"! A$ain we

find that the name of the city was in Turkish and it was named after the Sun and itsli$ht that they worshipped!


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0e must also mention that the name of one of the si% sons of O.U2 KA.AN(ancestor name of the Tur4Turk4/$u" people) was "8I0DI2 HAN"meanin$"Star Lord"! The Sardinians bein$ Turanian "A# Tr4s" (.4 Tr4s)- (see*art-2 of this study), could have also used the name of 8l,@ Ha#in namin$ theircity! In either case, this ancient city was built, named and lived in by ancientTuranians9

8i$ure 2! #uins of ancient 'apital 'ity of +ora, Sardinia, 'A*/ di *LA!It was an ancient harbor city! The tower must have been a "l'hthose"

to $uide the incomin$ ships! +# means 1li$ht1 and the city has a 1li$hthouse1!Therefore,

the city named +/#A was indeed a "NUR E>I"meanin$ "house of light"or"lighthouse"! In this picture,

we still see the Sardinian national color of 1yellow1 still remainin$ on the stones!

0e must also note that the site where the li$hthouse is located is a 1.ILL1 (T&*&,BAY) shape!


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(*icture is from http344www!freewebs!com4"""land4ruinsofnorasardinia!htm)(See also 'apo di *ula pictures at http344www!sea-seek!com4N$eo


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8i$ure 5! 'olumns from the ancient ruined city of +ora, Sardinia

These columns are made in the same style as those found in the Minoancity of KONOSSOS! These columns of ancient NORAare Turanian round

shaped columns indicatin$ that the city was a Turanian city!(See picture at http344www!dilos!com4re$ion4crete4knossosEpropylea!html)


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8i$ure C! Sardinian 1yellow1 (i!e!, SA#I in Turkish) houses! This color isvery much the color of 1I+A1 (henna, khenna) that Turkish $irls put on their

hands

before their weddin$ ni$ht - (i!e!, 1I+A &'&SI1 in Turkish)! So does thebride$room!The term .INAprobably $ets its name from the Turkish word ".9NO"meanin$

"it is sun"! The *hoenicians were also called by the name KHNA,that is, theS+ (Z+) people!

*hoenicians were Turkish .9NHANS9 Turks are also known as A0 BA;meanin$"red head"!

*hoenicians were also known as 1red people1! So the ancient sun worshippin$by Turanians probably influenced this I+A tradition as well9

777


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Sar,#a# - Phoe#!a# Co##e!to#+

8irst, let us understand the people who were named *./&+I'IA+ by the ancientreeks!

http344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4*hoenicia

Phoenicia(B play f n D, BS fD ni D'3 from the ;reek: EFGHJK: PhoinEkF), as an ancient ci+ili@ation in Canaan hich co+ered most of theestern, coastal part of the !ertile Crescent. Se+eral ma*orPhoeniciancities erebuilt on the coastline of the Mediterranean. It as an enterprising maritimetrading culture that spread across the Mediterranean from //6 $C to 166 $C. #he

"hoenicians used the galley, a man-poered sailing +essel, and are credited iththe in+ention of the bireme.'1 #hey ere famed in Classical ;reece and %ome as 7traders in 2ur2le7, referring to their monopoly on the precious purple dye of the

Mure= snail, used, among other things, for royal clothing, and for their spread ofthe al2haet (or a;ad), upon hich all ma*or modern alphabets are deri+ed.

In the oe+er interms of archaeology, language, life style and religion, there is little to set the"hoenicians apart as markedly different from other cultures of Canaan.


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GJnhan 2eo2les"! The name KHNAis the altered and Semiti"ed form of Turkish"K9N O""it is sun" in one hand! Additionally KHNAis also related to theTurkish word .INA(i!e!, HENNA) which is a reddish colored die that ancientTurks traditionally used in order to color their hair and hands a reddish color!*hoenicians (nhans) were also fames for their royal 1purple color1, that is,1M/#1 in Turkish and it was produced from the sea mollusk called 1M#&V1!

+ote the Turkish M/# and M# in Mure%!

The name PHOENICIAN, rearran$ed as "PHENCI-38AN"meanin$ "/ENCI380ERmeanin$ "Houses of science"! This definition in Turkish identifies the*hoenicians as the scientifically learned people! The 8i$ure < below shows theseancient Turanian nhan Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples in their clean shaven face andlon$ conical head dresses! &ven at present , the Turkish AL BAY 10hirlin$ervishes1 wear the same hat!

This name verifies the fact that they called themselves meanin$


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8i$ure

the /belisk Temple at Byblos (Lebanon), dates from the 2Gth century B! '!, whenthe &$yptians established their control over the ports on

the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea!(8rom book 1The 0orld of the *.A#A/.S1 by .enri Stierlin, p! 5


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the first son of /$u" :a$an, were man of science, readin$, writin$ and schoolin$!Thus they were the enli$htened peoples whose alphabetic symbols (dam$a inTurkish) were taken by the reeks and the Semites to enli$hten themselves! 0emust note the ancient Turanian 1conical hat1 that is worn by all of them! Theconical hat which is a Turanian symbol of "A0 TEPE" (A8DIN TEPE)meanin$"enlightened head"! It was also the symbol of the Sky-od and the Sun-odwhich li$hted up the world and everythin$ around it! These bron"e statuttes arewearin$ red conical hats and their bodies are also colored in red! This is becausethey were Sun worshippin$ peoples! The Turkish term "A0 TEPE" (KI2I0 BA;)has been altered and Semiti"ed as BETE0, or Aryani"ed as BET80and BETI0Emeanin$ "house of God"!

777

It is said that the *hoenicians had contributed to the foundin$ of the Sardinian cityof NORA! This is e%pected because Sardinians, 'orsicans (:or Sakalar),&truscans, *hoenicians, Troyans, Minoans and the rest of the *elas$ians were allTuranian peoples who were kin to each other! They were the 1SA:A T#:S1meanin$ the 10ater Turks, Sea $oin$ Turks1! They were all branches of the samefamily tree!

.ere, with respect to the name NORA, it is useful to remember the mytholo$ical*hoenician princess EUROPAwhose *hoenician kin$ father had the nameA.ENOR! The name A.ENORsounds very much like the Sardinian names

NORAand NURA.HE! &uropa, mytholo$ically was supposedly abducted by2EUSwho brou$ht her to the island of 'rete! *rincess /*A was from the*hoenician city of so-called T8RE, that is, "T8R-E"which is the altered form ofTurkish "TUR E&"meanin$ "house of #3!"! This is e%actly the same as thename TRO8of Troans - where TRO8is the altered form of "TUR 38"meanin$"house of #ur"9

The name A.ENOR, rearran$ed as "A.E-NOR", is from the Turkish name"A.A NUR" (NUR A.A NUR BE8)meanin$ "Lord of Light"or "Light

Lord"In one hand this refers to the SUNthat li$hts up everythin$, andalternatively, it refers to the "h*a# hea,"- which enli$htens man9

Similarly, the name A.ENOR, rearran$ed as ".ON ARE", is from the Turkishname ".9N ERI"meanin$ "sun man" (sun elie/er, elie/er of the light6elie/er of enlightenment6 soldier of sun6 hero of sun"! The :in$ A.ENORwasthe kin$ of Turkish .9NHANS, that is, the Semiti"ed name 1CANAANITES1 andthe .elleni"ed so-called name "PHOENICIAN"! Therefore, as "sun andenlightenment1 believin$ people, it was natural for this *hoenician kin$ to have the

name ".9N ERI"meanin$ "the sun man" &ven nowadays, the names".9NER"and ".9NERI"are used as Turkish male names and last names!


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But more importantly, the name A.ENORhas another meanin$ in Turkish! Thatwe find when we decipher the name A.ENORas "O.ENAR"! In this case thename A.ENORis an altered form of the Turkish word "OKUNUR"meanin$"that which is read"! This of course refers to the written works which are read!*hoenicians produced alphabetically (i!e!, so-called 1abad1) written books thatwere read! In other words, in a way, the mythical name A.ENORwas a

personification of the "written material"and, thus, that of "writing"! Ancientreeks $ot writin$ from the *hoenicians, that is, the nhan Turks9 The term1AB[A1 comes from the names of the first four characters in the Turkishalphabet, that is, A, Be, 'e, e - all concatenated to make AB&'&&! This formsthe word ABCAD- which is then Semiti"ed into 1ABAD19

8urthermore, the name A.ENORrearran$ed as "NURE-A.", is from Turkishname "NURI A.A"meanin$ "Lord 8uri" (8uri ey)where the name NURIis aname for Turkish men! NURIalso means "enlightened man"!

0ith this insi$ht and understandin$ of the name A.ENOR, we can now compareit with one decipherment of the Sardinian name NURA.HE! The nameNURA.HErearran$ed as 1+#-A.&1, is from the Turkish name "NURA.A"a$ain meanin$ "Lord light"or "0'ht 0or,"! This is also a symboli"ationof 2) the li$ht $ivin$ Sun and 5) the enli$htened "h*a# hea,"9

In reek mytholo$y, kin$ A.ENORwas mytholo$ically the twin-brother ofBE0US, and the father of Ca,*sand Ero7a!

The reek name BE0US(who was the twin-brother of A.ENOR, that is,OKUNURin Turkish), is the altered, restructured and .elleni"ed form of theTurkish word "BI0I;"- meanin$ "it is knowing, it is knowledge"! Thus the socalled reek mytholo$ic name BE0USwas actually a personification of

"4#ole,'e"- but in Turkish! Indeed when we read written material, we learninformation from it - which is "knowledge"! Thus, A.ENOR (i!e!,OKUNURinTurkish) and BE0US(i!e!, "BI0I;"in Turkish) are definitely twin brotherconcepts! They cannot be separated from each other! /ne reads and one learns9 Sothe source of all this so called ancient reek mytholo$y was in Turkish and theywere stolen by way of cipherin$ the Turkish concepts described by Turkish wordsand phrases9 Also we note that in mytholo$y, what one sees on the surface can be avery different thin$ or concept than what the ancients meant alle$orically! .ence,they can be totally different concepts9

8urthermore, the name BE0US, rearran$ed as "BE0-US", is the restructured formof the Turkish e%pression "BI0"and "US"meanin$ "knowledge"and "wisdom"


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respectively! "BI0"and "US"are a$ain found at the 1head of man1!

8rom all of this, we see that ancient reek mytholo$y has not told us anythin$truthfully! In one hand, they kept in the dark the knowled$e and civili"ation of theancient Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples - thereby obliteratin$ that ancientTuranian civili"ation, and in the other hand, they usurped that civili"ation (i!e!, itsknowled$e, it science, it schools, its lan$ua$e, its teachin$s, its canons, its reli$ionetc,) and presented it in a modified fashion - as if it was their own9 Many Turanianconcepts, traditions and knowled$e were presented in a new form as riddles (e!$!,A&+/# and B&LS ust above)!

Turkish word BI0means "know"which is the root of verb 7ilmek7 meanin$ "toknow", BI0.Imeans "knowledge"and BI0.Emeans "knowledgale"! 8romBIL& comes another Turkish word "AKI0"meanin$ 12! reason, intelli$enceK

wisdom, discernment, discretion! 5! mind, comprehension, memory! C! idea,opinion, thou$ht!

In reek mytholo$y, the reek name CADMUS(who was the son of A.ENOR(OKUNUR)), rearran$ed as "UASMCD"is the altered, restructured and.elleni"ed form of the Turkish word "8A2MaKD"meanin$ "it is writing"! /fcourse, what is read (OKUNURin Turkish) refers to the written works, that is,

books, writin$s on stone, etc! Turkish word "8A2I"means "writing, words thatare written in some form of writing"! 0ritin$ and readin$, knowled$e andenli$htenment are all related kin concepts9 But these names and the concepts thatthey personified have been mytholo$ically put into riddles that have never been

properly e%plained or understood!

In view of all these concepts, let us now $et back to the name of the mytholo$ical*hoenician princess EUROPAwhose *hoenician kin$ father had the nameA.ENOR!

a) In one meanin$, the name EUROPA, rearran$ed as "EU-PAR-O", is the

altered and .elleni"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "E8I PARA O"meanin$"it is good money"! Supposedly, the name of "EUROPE"was from the name ofthe *hoenician (nhan) *rincess EUROPA! *hoenicians commercially were veryadvanced and hence rich people! 0hen the mytholo$ical name Weus (Turkish S\W)eloped with the *hoenician *rincess EUROPA, the reeks actually usurped the*hoenician school system, and with it, the "'oo, *o#ey *a4#'"system!

Indeed, since ancient times, he who had studied in schools and learned how to readand write always earned $ood positions in the $overnment establishments, inschools and also in the commercial establishments, therefore, they made $ood

money compared to the illiterate farmers9 So, I say that mytholo$ically, the nameEUROPAwas a personification of the ".o,G.o,,ess"concept in one hand, and


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the personification of "money" in the other But all of these lin$uisticmanipulations were done on Turkish words and phrases9

Turkish word E8I (I8I)means "good", PARAmeans "money", BIRmeans"ne", BIR Omeans "God"!

'uriously, the EUROis the current name of the monetary unit of &urope9

Additionally, we have the followin$ meanin$s embedded within this nameEUROPA3

b) The name EUROPA, rearran$ed as "PAR-O-UE", is the altered and.elleni"ed form of a Turkish e%pression "BIR-O 389"meanin$ "House of ne

God"! In this conte%t, it is the name of the so-called continent of 1EUROPE1which is coined and based on ancient Turanian reli$ious concepts!

In ancient Syra, the word for od was also "BAR" (BIR)as an alternative to"BAA0", Fsee 1An &$yptian .iero$lyphic ictionary1 by &! A! 0allis Bud$e, p!5>Cb1J! So, a$ain it was a Turanian word! The name S8RIA- (SURI8EinTurkish) is a name that has been altered from the ori$inal Turkish word"TURI8E"meanin$ "home of #urs", "land of #urs"! The *hoenician city ofT8RE, that is, "T8R-E" (TUR E>I)is presently known as SURin Turkish! So,there has been a T to S 1mistranslation1 in chan$in$ the ancient Turanian name!

c) In the conte%t that EUROPAwas the name of a *hoenician princess, the nameEUROPA, rearran$ed as "PERUA-O", is the altered, restructured form of theTurkish e%pression "PERUyA O" (BIROyA)"meanin$ "goddess"

The name PERU(Semiti"ed as 1PHARAOH1) was the $odly title of the ancientMasarian (so-called 1&*T1) 1$od kin$s1! But PERUis another form of theTurkish word "BIR O"- meanin$ "ne God"! PERU8Awould be the

femini"ed form of the name PERU, thus, meanin$ "goddess"! PERUis also aform of the Turkish $irl@s name PERImeanin$ "fairy"!

777

In concludin$ this section, we can confidently say that the ancient world was a

Turanian Tur4Turk world, and in this conte%t, the so-called 1Mediterranean Sea1

was a Turanian @lake@ surrounded by many clans of the Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u"

peoples - contrary to the totally distorted and false picture presented to us all by the

1ancient1 history writers! The present &uropean civili"ation not only $oteverythin$ from the ancient Turanian civili"ation, but also, is populated by


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countless numbers of ancient Turanian Tur4Turk4/$u" peoples who have all been

converted to 'hristianity - and their names and identities Aryani"ed! /f course,

their ancient Turanian lan$ua$e of Turkish was totally confused by the Aryan

cler$y - while the 1Aryan1 lan$ua$es were fabricated from it - and forced onto the

native Turanians9

*olat :aya

2;42245>22

A%ot The A#!e#t Sar,#a# NURA.HES a#, TherPoss%le Mlt#!to#al Use

(Part-:)

By PO0AT KA8A

The Sar,#a# NURA.HE or SU NURA.HE+

The Sardinian NURA.HEis defined by the 0ikipedia linkat Fhttp344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4+ura$heJ as follows3

#he nuraghe'nu ra e (plural Italian nuraghi, Sardinian nuraghes) is the main type of ancient megalithic edifice foundin Sardinia. #oday it has come to be the symbol of Sardiniaand its distincti+e culture, the 9uragic ci+ili@ation.


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and disputed: #he ord is perhaps related to the Sardinianplace names 9urra, 9urri, 9urru, and to Sardinian nurraheap of stones, ca+ity in earth (although these senses are

difficult to reconcile). < connection ith the Semitic base of


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In Sardinia, the typical nuraghe has the shape of a truncatedconical toer resembling a beehi+e. #he structure has no

foundations and stands only by +irtue of the eight of itsstones, hich may eigh as much as se+eral tons. Somenuraghes are more than 36 metres in height,Fhttp344en!wikipedia!or$4wiki4+ura$heJ.

The Sardinian +ura$hes are architectural monuments that,

most likely, had multiple functions in ancient Sardinian life!

< beehi+e tomb, also knon as a tholos tomb (plural tholoi)(;reek:]^_FP `FG, ]^_FG `FG, domed tombs), is a burialstructure characteri@ed by its false dome created by thesuperposition of successi+ely smaller rings of mudbricks or,more often, stones. #he resulting structure resembles abeehi+e, hence the traditional 8nglish name,'http:en.ikipedia.orgiki$eehi+etomb.

The construction of +ura$hes is indeed a mark of e%cellencein ancient architecture of human $enius! Their circular desi$nwith thick stone walls taperin$ towards the centre all aroundas it rises to its desired hei$ht - provides e%cellent durabilitya$ainst time and the destructiveness of human bein$s!

+ura$hes show how well the ancient Sardinians were trainedin schools for buildin$ stone structures! They were truly lar$eand small "sto#e !astles"! A "CAST0E"is defined as alarge building or group of buildings fortified against attackith thick alls, battlements, toers, and in many cases amoat. The name CAST0E, rearran$ed as "TS-CA0E", isthe ana$ammati"ed form of the Turkish e%pression "TA;

KA0E"meanin$ "stone castle"! So even this so-called
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuraghehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beehive_tombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuraghehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beehive_tomb


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1Aryan1 word is made up from Turkish by way of alterin$ andrestructurin$! This 1castle1 structure is clearly visible in thebuildup of the ancient Sardinian +ura$hes and Su +ura%i!

&ven the so-called reek sayin$ ]^_FP `FG, ]^_FG `FG,domed tombs is fabricated from Turkish as follows3

The reek term "THO0OS TAPHOI", rearran$ed as"O0O-TSH THPA-OI", (where the symbol . is a multi-faced letter that can be an ., or an & or an I - as re?uired by

the reek 1wordsmith1 who fabricated words from Turkish), isthe altered, restructured, stolen and .elleni"ed form of theTurkish e%pression "U0U Ta; TEPE 38"meanin$ "largestone made 7hill7 like house"! The Sardinian NURA.HESare e%actly within this definition in Turkish! This definition inTurkish of the so-called .ellenic term indicates that Turkishwas the universally spoken lan$ua$e when reeks werefabricatin$ 1Aryan words1 by breakin$ and rearran$in$Turkish words and phrases! Althou$h they stole the ancientTurkish lan$ua$e to make 1reek1 words, they also, andprobably unknowin$ly, put the ancient Turkish words andphrases into a 1deep free"e1 so that they could later berecovered from these 1reek1 words - by decipherin$ them asI have been doin$9 I want to note that while the 1domedtombs1 sayin$ may apply to the &truscan 1circular and domed

tombs1, in the case of the Sardinian Sura$hes, this meanin$ isnot applicable because the Sardinian Sura$hes are multi-functioned ancient Turanian structures built to stand the test oftime over thousands of years! They are in$enious en$ineerin$marvels built by the ancient Turanian en$ineers9

Turkish word U0Umeans "great", TA; means "stone",

TEPEmeans "hill, head", 38means "house, home"!


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In the followin$ reference citin$, we learn that the +ura$hes

are described by the Sardinian term 1S +#AVI1 which isalso the name of a particular ancient cd]ty site in Sardinia3

http344www!charmin$sardinia!com4sardinia4su-nura%i!html

#he archaeological site "Su 8ura0i"(Sardinian term for"#he 8uraghe") lies at the foot of the "arco della ;iara,near $arumini. 9uraghes are the main type of megalithic

edifice found in Sardinia, and the use of these eehi/e-likeuildings still remains unknownMost archaeologistsassume they ere used as religious temples, meeting halls, ormilitary strongholds.

This reference citin$ tells us that the presently used termNURA.HEis actually an altered and An$lici"ed form of the

Sardinian name "SU NURAI"! The bo$us letter inNURAIis a replacement for .Hor KHlettercombinations! Thus, we can view the name SU NURAI as"SU NURA.HI"or "SU NURAKHI"! 'learly, this form ofthe Sardinian name has been transliterated as "THENURA.HE"! And hence it has been further alienated fromits ori$inal Sardinan form! This observation is very importantfor our analysis of the name SU NURAIas well as the nameNURA.HESin $

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ABOUT THE NAME S A R D I N I A AND THE ANCIENT S A R D I N I A N S.doc