The City to be injected with academic institutions

Bankers back to school

FINANCIAL TIMESFriday october 31, 2014

ACADEMIC BANK PROGRAM DISTRIBUTED OVER THE EXISTING

BANKS TO CREATE A NEW NETWORK LAYER FOR XENOGAMY

BETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS AND BANKERS BETWEEN

• First settlement of ‘London School of Banking’ to be in-

stalled in LLoyds’ head officeThis FINANCIAL TIMES SPECIAL is completely devoted to a new academ-ic institution, the London School of Banking. A simple but revolutionary plan, developed by young architect Pépé Niemeijer, a member of studio Design as Politics of Delft University of Technology’s Faculty of Architec-ture. No new building in necessary (‘that’s old school’, says Niemei-jer), but instead a light 3-D printed constructions in the main bank offices will house the school. There, post-master students can learn from expert bankers and can contribute their own ideas for a more pluralistic banking policy. Research shows that financial injec-

tions don’t change the greedy anti-so-cial banking policy and the CEO’s seem deaf for any critique from outside their ivory towers. ‘So it has to come from within’, says Niemei-jer. That’s what makes this approach interesting.

Inside: the complete study!

SPECIAL

Graduation report Pépé Niemeijer Design mentor: Micha de Haas

Construction Mentor: Bas GremmenResearch Mentor: Marta Relats

Occasion

POPULATION WEALTH

700B $ USA 7.3% GDP40B $ UK 19.2% GDP16.7B $ Iceland 76% GDP

3.6T $ WORLD 5.7% GDP0.5%TOP

next

next

next

7.5%

23.5%

68.5%

35.6%

43.7%

16.5%

4.2%

18 MILLION FORECLOSURES IN THE USA RealtyTrac, Federal Reserve, Equifax

ECONOMIC STUDENTS WANT THE REAL WORLD BACK IN THE CLASSROOM

BRING THE REAL WORLD, WITH THE CLASSROOM, BACK TO THE FINACIAL WORLD

City of London(the real world)

CITY OF LONDON WALL STREET HONG KONG FRANKFURT SINGAPORE

GREATER LONDON

8.196.700 INHABITANTS

606 sq Mile

CITY OF LONDON7.000 INHABITANTS

1sq Mile

THE CITY OF LONDON CORPORATION

LORD MAJOR OF

THE CITY OF LONDON

ALDERMEN1 PER WARD,

26 WARDS

COMMON COUNCIL-

LORS

COMMITEES

SHERRIF(X2)

LIVERYMEN

LIVERYCOMPANIES

FREEMENOF THE CITY

VOTES(80% BUSINESS

REPRESENTATIVES,20% IN HABITANTS)

elect

elect

approve

are

form

heads

Growth of the employees VS the dwellers in the City

200.000 epm.66%

368.000 emp.98%

7.000 dwellers2%

100.000 dwel.33%

1871 2013

Promotion of the City of London.Claiming that 98,5% is “small” �rms

Actual Calculation with amount of employees in small �rms in comparison with large �rmsshows that 70,000 of the employees in the City work in a Companie larger than 250 employees

259,000 emp.

37,625 emp.

10,650 emp.

11,000 emp.

20,400 emp14,285 emp.17,600 emp.

Size

98.5% of firms within the Square Mile employ fewer than 250 people (SMEs)

City of London, number of enterprises, by number of employees

No. employees No. enterprises 0–4 8,840 5–9 2,055 10–19 1,360 20–49 740 50–99 355 100–249 215 250+ 210 All employees 13,77 5

VS.

70% Employeesin big �rms

Type of �rms in the City

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

AgricultureManufacturing

ConstructionRetailHotel

TransportFinance

Business ServicesPublic Admin

EducationHealth and Social Work

Other

(Thousands)NumberProperty 6%

Associations 4% Central & Local Government 0%

Construction 3% Industry & manufacturing 2%

Education 1%

Media 3%

Services 5%

Financial 31%

Insurance 14%

Professional

16%

Services 11% Technology

9% Financial38%

Insurance10%

Businessservices32%

Other,(not �nancebusiness related20%)

VS.

�e Ring of Steel Since 1993 (against terrorism)

480.000 CCTV

63% of the roads blocked

�e Ring of Steel - Cold facts

63% of the roads closed

Nearly half a million CCTV’s

Everyones who cross the border is being registrated by picture and licence plate.

Since Ring of Steel changes the architecture ofthe border.

�e Ring of Steel - Cold facts

63% of the roads closed

Nearly half a million CCTV’s

Everyones who cross the border is being registrated by picture and licence plate.

Since Ring of Steel changes the architecture ofthe border.

City of London100% 2,6 km2

“public/open space”7,8% 0,2 km2

Private “public” space56% 0,12 km2

Public “public” space44% 0,08 km2

�is means that only 2% of the area of the Square mile is a usable public space, this 6,6 people per 1 m2.

Space > 1000m238% 0,03 km2 (30.800 m2)

Space < 1000m262% 0,05 km2 (49.400m2)

Program conceptThe academic bank

ECONOMIC STUDENTS WANT THE REAL WORLD BACK IN THE CLASSROOM

BRING THE REAL WORLD, WITH THE CLASSROOM, BACK TO THE FINACIAL WORLD

School of economics

School of business

School of �nance

School of law

?

+UNIVERSITY

BANK

Dealing room �e function of the bank where around the

o�ces are organized, at this point higly symbolic because the actual dealing room is now virtual

Vault �e place where the valuables are stored, o�en

not available anymore in banks

Conference space

O�ce space

CEO o�ce

Auditorium space

Bar

Waiting rooms

Foyer

Canteen

Co�ee bar

Lounge

Garden

Parking garage

Kitchen

Repro

BANK(symbolic)

GENERAL (BOTH) UNIVERSITY

Urban planInfiltration in existing bank network

ACADEMIC BANK PROGRAM DISTRIBUTED OVER THE EXISTING BANKS TO CREATE A

NEW NETWORK LAYER FOR XENOGAMYBETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS AND

BANKERS BETWEEN

Goldman SachsFloorspace in atrium +/- Department on investment banking

4000m2

Royal bank of SchotlandFloorspace in atrium +/- Department for Commercial banking

9000m2

London Stock ExchangeFloorspace in atrium +/- Main building

2800m2

Lloyds of LondonFloorspace in atrium +/-Department for insurance banking

2500m2

Lloyds of London

Inst

alla

tion

s

Vert

ical

cir

cula

tion

Toile

tsFi

re s

tair

case

s

Administration 40.000

First Year Broker100.000

Third Year Broker 145.000

First Year Analist 170.000

Third Year Analist 310.000

Third Year Associate 700.000

First Year Associate 450.000

Vice president 1.200.000

Managing Director 2.500.000

Chief Executive O�cer 7.900.000 There are no clear lines all the way up to the top. What you have is lots

of ‘worlds’ with pipelines of information travelling up. Up there

the ‘global heads’ sit but often they can’t agree among themselves. There is no strategy built

at the top.”

The back-office uses the vocabulary of meritocracy, dividing the world in

winners and losers. The ‘winners’ genuinely seem to believe that they got to where

to they are on the basis of their performance

ECOLOGY BUILDING SOCIETY CEO 128.000,-

SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL GLS BANK CEO 125.000,-

NEW RESOURCES BANK CEO 427.632,-

TRIODOS CEO 325.000,-

BANK OF AMERICA CEO 14.000.000,-

LLOYDS BANKING GROUP CEO 7.876.500,-

VANCITY CEO 865.000,-

CITIGROUP CEO 14.900.000,-

JP MORGAN CHASE CEO 20.000.000,-

WELLS FARGO CEO 22.870.000,-

GOLDMAN SACHS CEO 53.695.000,-

Wages for CEO’s of banks with bonusses 1 million a year

Wages for CEO’s of banks without bonusses

BANK

CDO AAA

CDS

“As long as the task involved only mechanical skill, bonuses worked as they would expected: the higher the pay, the better the performance.

But once the task called for, even a rudimantiary cognitive skill, a larger re-ward led to poorer peformance.

In 8 of the nine tasks we examined across the three experiments, higher incentives led to worse peformance”

Dan Ariely, U Gneezy, G Lowenstein & N Mazar, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Working paper No. 05-11, July 2005; NY times 20 Nov 08

THE ARCHITECTURE IS USING THE SPACE IN THE ATRIUM (WHERE ALL LAYERS ARE CONNECTED) IT IS CREATING A SECOND NET-WORK BETWEEN THE LAYERS DISMANTELING THE HIERARCHY

AND OPENS UP WITH TRANSITIONS ON ALL LEVELS TO STIMULATE EXCHANGES BETWEEN STUDENTS AND BANKERS

Design(Concept/Principles)

Grid is 1.8m x 1.8m x 1.5m

Atrium is 3060 blocks

25% is 765 blocks

Grid is 1.8m x 1.8m x 1.5m

Atrium is 3060 blocks

25% is 765 blocks

MAIN LECTURE SPACE

SMALL LECTURE

SPACE

SEMINARSPACE

SEMINARSPACE

SEMINARSPACE

BAR

OFFICE CEO

LUTINE BELL

VIEW ON THE CITY OF LONDON

SPECIFIC PROGRAM IN THE ATRIUM

RECESSCOFFEE PLACE

STUDYSPACE

STUDYSPACE

RECESSCOFFEE PLACE

GENERIC PROGRAM ON THE OFFICE FLOOR AND BORDER

ALL PARTS OF THE ACADEMY ARE INTERCONNNECTED BY AN SECONDAIRY CIRULATION

THE INVERSE OF THE STRUCTURE THAT FORM THE SPACES OF THE ACADEMY

(�e speci�c program in purple and the secondair cir-culation and recess spaces in blue)

THE STRUCTURE WORKS AS A TRANSITION BETWEEN THE TWO INSTITUTIONS

Design(Structure)

900 X 900 X 750mm 900 X 900 X 375mm 450 X 450 X 375mm 450 X 450 X 375mm(with densi�cation)

The module is hollow for electric wires to support LED-strips

Corners are thicker for load distribution

Indentation to place LED-strips or rubbers for hand-grip

Holes for wires

Holes for wires connecting to other modules

25mm50mm

Console consists out of 4 elements

Placed around the columns in between the excisting consoles

Grid structure 450 x 450 No desi�cations at knots Densi�cation in grid where nesseary and small knots in corners

Homogene grid gets holes for spaces There is no homogeneous distribution of load and the grid gets densi�cation where nescerray

Now there are parts of the grid with less load where the grid can be streched up

Design(Spaces)

STUDY SPACE(Generic)

RECESS SPACE(Generic)

ENCLOSED SPACE(Speci�c)

ROUTE

SECUNDAIRNETWORK

SEMINAR SPACE

LECTURE SPACE

Re�ection of light

Refelction of the grid

100.

00

70.81 50.00

500.

00

225.

00

400.

0020

0.00

350.

0050

.00

50.00 400.00

450.0025.00200.00

25.0

015

0.00

375.

0035

0.00

375.

00

900.00

1800

.00

750.

00 900.00

300.

00

450.00

325.

0075

0.00

Level 2 (13.500 m)

Level 3 (18.000 m )

Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Seminar space seating stand

Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Glass curtain wall second lecture room

Section; Scale 1:20

Level 4 (22.500 m)

Level 2 + 1.00 m (14.500 m)

Plan; Scale; 1:20

Pépé Niemeijer 2014

Dilatation/ noise attenuationrubber

Block with pro�le

upholstery of the module

upholstery of the module

clamps for the upholstery in ceiling and walls

isolation

re�ecting alluminium plate(upholstery for the skin of the spaces

BAR

Recap(Role of the architect)

Thank you.

Air out

Air in

Air out

Air in

Air out

Air in

Air outAir out

Air in

Air in

Air out Air in

Air trough triple glazing

Atrium provides light

Atrium is used to cool down the building over night

The structure is open so the atrium could still ventilate overnight and less during the day

The structure lightup around rooms and activity

Air dispencer (pipes around space within the isolation layer) for more equal air distrubutionin the space

Lamps are painted black

Conditioned air distributed trough the sub �oor plenum

Glazing has a sun refelction coating

Lamps are painted white

No sun re�ection coating on glazing

Distribution air trough glazing

Air ventilated out of the o�ces trough light-�tting

100.

00

70.81 50.00

500.

00

225.

00

400.

0020

0.00

350.

0050

.00

50.00 400.00

450.0025.00200.00

25.0

015

0.00

375.

0035

0.00

375.

00

900.00

1800

.00

750.

00 900.00

300.

00

450.00

325.

0075

0.00

Level 2 (13.500 m)

Level 3 (18.000 m )

Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Seminar space seating stand

Detail; Scale 1:10 ; Glass curtain wall second lecture room

Section; Scale 1:20

Level 4 (22.500 m)

Level 2 + 1.00 m (14.500 m)

Plan; Scale; 1:20

Pépé Niemeijer 2014