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Accelerator Physics and Integrated
Detectors
Status Report
Kurt Aulenbacher, Winfried Barth
Session of the HIM Scientific Council
2015, April 21
Accelerator Physics and Integrated
OUTLINE
• THE INFRASTRUCTURE, THE PROJECTS
AND THE TEAMS
• SHE-LINAC PROJECT
• HESR-COOLER PROJECT
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Infrastructure, SHE-LINAC, HESR-research & more
ACID-HESR (Cooler):
Head: Kurt Aulenbacher
Staff: Andre Hofmann (Post-Doc)
Mirko Schwartz (Technician)
Jürgen Dietrich (consultant)
Students: T. Weilbach (PhD ~ 2014)
M. Bruker (PhD ~ 2015)
J. Friedrich (Ma-Sc 2013)
(Ba-Sc 2011 )
T. Stengler (Ma 2014)
(Ba 2012)
Acid Section Head:
JGU Prof W3 Kurt Aulenbacher
Co-Section Head
GSI Section leader Winfried Barth
ACID-SHE Linac:
Head: Winfried Barth
Staff: V. Gettmann (Eng)
S. Jacke (Post-Doc)(open
position)
Students: M. Amberg (PhD ~ 2014)
U.Ratzinger GUF
H. Podlech GUF
D. Bänsch GUF
F. Dziuba GUF
S. Mickat
project coordinatorGSI
W. Barth GSI
W. Vinzenz GSI
H. Mueller GSI
C. Schroeder GSI
Objective 2018:
Solve open issues for
8MV HESR cooler
Objective 2018:
From demonstrator to working
multi cavity system
Lq. He transfer
(from KpH) g He transfer
(to KpH)
KÜHLER-
MAGNET-LAB
(HESR-cooler
&more
BUNKER-LAB
SHE-LINAC
(SRF)
Common-infrastructure:
REINRAUM
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Infrastructure, SHE-LINAC, HESR-research&more
ACID-HESR (Cooler):
Head: Kurt Aulenbacher
Staff: Andre Hofmann (Post-Doc)
Mirko Schwartz (Technician)
Jürgen Dietrich (consultant)
Students: T. Weilbach (PhD ~ 2014)
M. Bruker (PhD ~ 2015)
J. Friedrich (Ma-Sc 2013)
(Ba-Sc 2011 )
T. Stengler (Ma 2014)
(Ba 2012)
Acid Section Head:
JGU Prof W3 Kurt Aulenbacher
Co-Section Head
GSI Section leader Winfried Barth
ACID-SHE Linac:
Head: Winfried Barth
Staff: V. Gettmann (Eng)
S. Jacke (Post-Doc)(open
position)
Students: M. Amberg (PhD ~ 2014)
U.Ratzinger GUF
H. Podlech GUF
D. Bänsch GUF
F. Dziuba GUF
S. Mickat
project coordinatorGSI
W. Barth GSI
W. Vinzenz GSI
H. Mueller GSI
C. Schroeder GSI
Objective 2018:
Solve open issues for
8MV HESR cooler
Objective 2018:
From demonstrator to working
multi cavity system
Lq. He transfer
(from KpH) g He transfer
(to KpH)
BUNKER-LAB Main topic: SHE-LINAC
Leader: W. Barth
Post-Docs/Scientists:
S. Mickat
M. Busch (7/2015)
PhD:
M. Amberg
Engineers/Technicians
V. Gettmann
Collaborators:
Group of H. Podlech
U-Frankfurt
COOLER/MAGNET-LAB Main topic: HESR-COOLER
Leader: K. Aulenbacher
Post-Docs/Scientists:
A. Hoffmann
P. Bartholome (5/2015)
PhD:
M. Bruker
T. Weilbach
Engineers/Technicians
M. Schwartz
Collaborators:
V. Kamerzhev, FZJ
(+HESR-group)
nc-CH-cavity
sc-prototype, 360 MHz
sc-325 MHz
UNILAC-booster cavity
rt-325 MHz Alvarez
HSI 36 MHz@gsi
HLI 108 MHz@gsi
IH 216 MHz@HIT/Heidelberg
Wideröe
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Infrastructure, SHE-LINAC, HESR-research
Infrastucture for she: present & future
• LHe volume 750 l
• Magnetic field shielding
• 4 K and 2 K operation
• high pressure rinsing
• rf testing (warm & cold cavities)
• cleanroom environment
• optional: setup for BCP
IAP @ Uni Frankfurt Planned infrastructure @ HIM
High charge
state
injector@GSI
GSI-
UNILACcw-LINAC
Beam Intensity (particles/sec)
(S. Hofmann et al, EXON 2004)3 *1012 6 *1013
Beam on target 10 weeks 4 days
GSI-
UNILACcw-LINAC
Beam Intensity (particles/sec)
(S. Hofmann et al, EXON 2004)3 *1012 6 *1013
Beam on target 10 weeks 4 days
GSI/HIM-SHE-progr.
Superconducting cw-linac layout
Super Heavy community High duty factor, 7.5 MeV/u, variable beam energy, heavy ion linac
Superconducting CW-LINAC Layout
HLI
injector@GSI
• Multigap CH-cavities
• Small number of rf cavities and short cavity lengths (up to 1m)
• acc. gradient of 5 MV/m compact linac design
• Several cavities, solenoids per cryostat
• Small transverse cavity dimension
Step 0
Step 1
Step 2
demonstrator (1 cavity)
demonstrator (2 cavities)
advanced demonstrator (5 cavities)
2016 2019 2015
Step 0: CW-LINAC Demonstrator @ GSI
High Charge State Injector (existing)
Beam line (ready)
delivery
@summer 2015
LHe infrastructure
(partially ready)
sc solenoids (9.3 T)
CH cavity
cryostat
delivery
@summer 2015
Step 1&2: Advanced Demonstrator @ GSI
Step 1
(2016)
Step 2
(2019)
• Test of combination of two cavities
• Advanced demonstrator allows first experiment at coulomb barrier
Quality Factor Q vs Ea
for CH-Prototype@325MHz
• Ea =14 MV/m @ 2K, design value Ea =5 MV/m
• Annealing @800 K against Hydrogen contamination is
planned
• Design parameters are achieved. Proof of principle!
b 0.155
Frequency (MHz) 325.224
Cells 7
Length bl-def (mm) 505
Diameter (mm) 350
Ea (MV/m) 5
Ep/Ea 5.1
Bp/Ea [mT/(MV/m)] 13
CH-Cavity for Demonstrator @ 216.8 MHz
b 0.059
Frequency 216.816 MHz
Cells 15
Length bl-def (mm) 691
Diameter (mm) 409
Cell length 40.82
Ea (MV/m) 5.1
Bp/ Ea 5.2
Helium vessel
Helium in
Tuner flange Helium out
Dynamic
bellow
tuner
Production @ RI
delivery summer 2015
• Lower b lower frequency 2 x 108.408 MHz =216.816 MHz
• R&D on cavity, RF-couplers, bellow tuners
Cavity Production@RI (Bergisch Gladbach)
cavity inside rf-coupler flanges
bellow tuner cavity with end caps
Summary and Outlook II
HLI
Advanced Demonstrator Design
CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 CH5
1 cryomodul
rebuncher
High Charge State-
Injektor
1.4 AMeV
Optimized Demonstrator Design
HLI
CH0 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 CH5 CH6 rebuncher CH7 CH8 CH9 CH10
CH
Demonstrators 1.4 AMeV 6 AMeV (heavy ions)
6 cryomodules High Charge State-
Injektor
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Infrastructure, SHE-LINAC, HESR-research&MORE
Critical issues for HESR cooler
Critical and unresolved issues for 4.5-8MV and 1-3 A
- Power generation on terminal/solenoids in HV region
- Beam diagnostics and control
- Recuperation efficiency
Design work from Uppsala University (2009) based on
Research by Budker Institute for nuclear physics,
Novosibirsk (BINP)
HIM ACID adresses these issues by
- Cooler test stand
- R&D concerning power generation
Investigation of critical cooler issues at HIM/KPH:
2m
Collector
(+5kV, 1A)
Solenoid
with integ.
Wien filter
Solenoids
Beamline
(+26KV)
Gun (0KV)
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Cooler R&D Highlights-I : Collector efficiency
HIM PhD student Max Bruker
with „his“ Cooler Test-stand
located in improvised laboratory in KPH
Selected results
-long term stable operation with
magnetized beam and decelleration
to very low collector potentials
- Demonstration of effective capture
of backstreaming electrons from collector,
- Very high capture efficiency leading
to ultra-low effective collector losses
(<10-6) for HESR cooler can be expected
- and will be demostrated in the near future
- Thesis can be finished in 2015
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Cooler R&D Highlights-II: Thomson diagnostics
Thomson Laser experiment:
(PhD work Tobias Weilbach)
- Experiment now ready for data taking
- 300kW (peak) laser superimposed with 30mA (peak) electron beam
20ns pulse length, 100 kHz reprate
- Measured Laser background on PMT in 20cm distance from
primary beam (almost 1021 photons/s, 3*1014 e/s) is only 600 Hz . Expected signal 30Hz.
- Many orders of magnitude better S/N possible at real cooler
-PhD thesis can be completed 2015
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Cooler R&D Highlights-III: Turbine powering
~40cm
Turbine runs as foreseen (5kW to load, enough to power 1/5
of all soelnoids of HESR cooler)
(but teething problems: first attempt stopped after 80 hours
Fabrication Quality control problem, not considered severe
air bearing turbine development ordered (1/2015)
SF6 optimized turbine ordered (1/2015)
ORC development project with U-Bayreuth started in 1/2015
2014: BINP Prototype for 700kV Stage
- BINP will make study for this device and its
possible extensions
- Protoype device in existing pressure vessel at BINP
- 5kW turbogen will be supplied by HIM
- Turbogen drives CT
- ± 30kV generated by CT stages + power on stage
- 12 Stages
- Reliability and perfomance tests of turbogen.
also at HIM
We believe that this scheme
is scalable Drawing: V. Reva, BINP
• Accelerator Physics and Integrated
Detectors: SUMMARY Projects up& running with promising first
results
• Will become far more productive as soon as
infrastructure becomes available in 2016
• Accelerator Physics and Integrated
Detectors
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Backup
Accelerator Physics and Integrated Detectors
Personal, Infrastructure, Projects, & Roadmaps to 2018
ACID-HESR (Cooler):
Acid Section Head:
JGU Prof W3 Kurt Aulenbacher
Co-Section Head
GSI Section leader Winfried Barth
ACID-SHE Linac:
Objective 2018:
Solve open issues for
8MV HESR cooler
Objective 2018:
From demonstrator to working
multi cavity system
28 GHz-ECR ion source
RF injection
side
Beam extraction
side
GOAL:
- Higher Charge State higher energy gain
- Higher Charge State higher beam intensity without stripping
- Higher heavy ion beam intensity cw-/ pulse-mode operation
- Compact accelerator lower cost
ECR-projects/developments for heavy ion application:
- VENUS (LBNL)
- SERSE (INFN)
- SUSI (NSCL/MSU) -> FRIB (U33+/34+)
- MS-ECRIS@RIKEN (U35+)
- SECRAL (IMP-HIRFL) (U41+)
Bead pull measurements of the Field Profile
• Field profile is flat within 5% except the end gaps
Measured frequency changes
(1) Cavity without static tuners and tentative attached end caps
(2) Static tuners #1, #4, #6, #7 welded into the cavity
at 56 mm tuner height
(3) Left end cap welded to the cavity
(4) Static tuners #2, #8, #9 welded into the cavity
at 65 mm tuner height
(5) Right end cap welded to the cavity
(6) 50 µm BCP treatment
(7) Static tuners #3, #5 welded into the cavity
at 68 mm tuner height
(8) 25 µm BCP treatment
(9) 25 µm BCP treatment (optional)
(10) HPR
• Cold tests of the cavity @ IAP Frankfurt is
planned on April 2015
• Next step: welding of the He-vessel
Support Frame@CRYOGENIC (U.K.)
sc solenoid I
sc solenoid II
CH cavity
warm-cold-
transitionI
cold-warm-transitionI
Summary and Outlook
• Prototype of superconducting CH-cavity@325 MHz achieves design values
• Delivery of working CH-cavity @ 217 MHz is scheduled at 3 quarter of 2015
• Infrastructure @ GSI is almost ready
• Design of “short” CH-cavity
• Advantage:
simpler geometry without the girder lower production cost
simpler beam dynamics
• Disadvantage: poor field flatness lower energy gain
• Call for tender is ended, planned delivery @ end of 2016
• During the filling with LN2 occurred vacuum leakage due to temporary sealing
• Not whole cavity was covered with LN2
• The measured frequency shift is comparable to expectation
• The measurement allows extrapolation of resonance frequency @ 4K
Thermal shrinkage tested with LN2: Results
Temperature during the cool down Measured frequency shift
Thermal shrinkage tested with LN2@RI
• Frequency measurement @77K before welding of 2 last static tuners
2015-2018 Planned investments
Year Partner/purpose Amount k€
2015/16 Bayreuth:
ORC layout
180
2015-2017 BINP
600kV turbine
driven test-stage
~300
2015-2016 Air bearing
turbine
SF-6 optimized
300
2017-2018 Test stage with 3A
beam
200
Advanced R&D inside Accelerator Research&Development (HGF Program)
ARD-Folie
The power-problem: The 2MV device at Jülich
Each section contains;
- high-voltage power supply +/- 30 kV;
- power supply of the coils of the
magnetic field (2.5 A, 500 G);
- section of the cascade transformer for
powering of all electronic components;
33 high-voltage section V. V. Parchomchuk:
For higher voltages the Cascade transformer
will become inconvenient-unsuitable (Lossy&bulky)
Initially, a different solution was foreseen
Turbines as solution to the power-problem
Up to 2009: Different concept:
Power generation by gas-turbines
Abandoned due to unreliable turbines…..
Industrialiszation required. But:
Commercial market for small scale
turbogenerators was non-existent at that
time
12*700 kV device….(Drawing by V. Reva)
Open issue: industrialization of turbogens, SF6 operation and energy consumption (1MW for real cooler), enormous
space required for compressor Will be addressed by the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) project
Goal. 2015-2018 turbine powered multi MV generator
5kW Turbine Compressor for 5kW Turbine
Some important facts:
-Full concept will need ~1MW el.
Energy to generate 150kW floating power
- oper ation with SF6 desirable (required?)
- DEPRAG/ FH Amberg (summer 2013) :
Further R&D is interesting only
if related to “Energiewende issues”
2015-2016 The ORC study
-ORC is a method to gain electrical energy from
low temperature heat ( low Carnot efficiency)
- SF6 is a suitable ORC medium
- Low temperature heat 80-90 C is potentially
available at FAIR (exhaust Cryocompressors!)
ORC test stand at U-Bayreuth with 15kW DEPRAG turbogenerator
(heat generator order of magnitude smaller than compressor)
Strategic advantages:
- Promises dramatically reduced power requirement from HESR cooler
- Turbine competence from DEPRAG & FH Amberg may stay attached to our project
HIM prepares MOU with U-Bayreuth.
Bayreuth will investigate & plan the components and system layout
for a SF6 based ORC process at the turbine cooler