TRNG CAO NG KINH T TP.HCM ______ ______
GIO TRNH TIN HC B MICROSOFT ACCESS
Lu hnh ni b Nm 2008
Mc lcTRNG CAO NG KINH T
TP.HCM...............................................................1
Mc lc 2 CHNG 1. Gii thiu h qun tr c s d liu
Access............................................11.1 Cc khi nim c
bn....................................................................................................................1
Khi nim Database
(CSDL)...............................................................................................1
H qun tr c s d
liu....................................................................................................1
Lc quan
h.................................................................................................................1
M hnh quan
h.................................................................................................................1
1.2 Cc bc thit k mt c s d liu. 1 Xc nh mc tiu khai thc CSDL:
...................................................................................1
Xc nh cc bng trong
CSDL:..........................................................................................2
Xc nh cc trng (field) trong
bng...............................................................................2
Xc lp cc mi quan h (M hnh quan
h)......................................................................3
Kim tra li cc bc trn:
.................................................................................................3
1.3 Gii thiu cc thnh phn trong CSDL
ACCESS.......................................................................3
CHNG 2. Bng
(Table).............................................................................................42.1
To
bng........................................................................................................................................4
Cc kiu d liu (Data
type)...............................................................................................5
M t thuc tnh trng (Field
Property)............................................................................5
2.2 Khai bo cc quan h gia cc bng
(Relationships)..................................................................6
CHNG 3. Truy vn
(Query).....................................................................................83.1
Query chn (Select
query).............................................................................................................8
3.2 Query tham s (parameter query).
...............................................................................................9
3.3 Query tham kho cho (Crosstab
query)......................................................................................9
3.4 Query hnh ng (Action
query)................................................................................................10
Make table
query...............................................................................................................11
Append
query....................................................................................................................12
Delete
query......................................................................................................................13
Update
query.....................................................................................................................14
CHNG 4. Form nhp
liu.......................................................................................154.1
Columnar:....................................................................................................................................15
4.2
Tabular:.......................................................................................................................................15
4.3
Datasheet:....................................................................................................................................15
4.4 Main
Sub:.................................................................................................................................15
CHNG 5. Report (Bo
co).....................................................................................205.1
To report bng ch
AutoForm.............................................................................................20
5.2 To report bng
wizard................................................................................................................20
5.3 To report bng ch
design....................................................................................................23
CHNG 6. Macro (Tp
lnh)...................................................................................266.1
Khi
nim:....................................................................................................................................26
6.2 To
macro....................................................................................................................................26
6.3 To macro
nhm..........................................................................................................................26
6.4 To macro iu
kin....................................................................................................................27
Microsoft Access
CHNG 1.
Gii thiu h qun tr c s d liu Access
1.1 Cc khi nim c bn.Khi nim Database (CSDL). L tp hp tt c thng
tin d liu c t chc xy dng sp xp v c lu tr, c kh nng p ng nhu cu truy
cp d liu ca nhiu ngi trong cng mt thi im. H qun tr c s d liu. L phn
mm cung cp cc cng c tin ch xy dng v thao tc qun l cc c s d liu. Lc
quan h. Trong mt c s d liu chng ta phi qun l nhiu i tng v d: nhn
vin, khch hng, sn phm. Mi i tng trn th c nhiu thuc tnh. V d : i tng
khch hng (MaKH, TenKH, Diachi, Dienthoai, Email). Tp hp cc thuc tnh
ca mt i tng c biu din bng mt lc quan h. M hnh quan h. xy dng mt c s
d liu trn h qun tr c s d liu Access phi da trn m hnh quan h. M hnh
quan h da trn khi nim l thuyt tp hp cc mi quan h cc i tng c biu din
di dng bng. Bng l tp hp cc dng v ct th hin lc quan h. V d: bng khch
hng th hin lc quan h khch hng.
1.2 Cc bc thit k mt c s d liu.M hnh quan h M hnh ha Ci t
Th gii thc c t
H qun tr CSDL
Xc nh mc tiu khai thc CSDL: Phn tch hin trng th gii thc: ca t
chc, x nghip, ca hng.Ngha l chng ta xem lung thng tin hot ng tng bc
nh th no: u vo (nhng thng tin no) x l (x l thng tin u vo) kt qu
(xut bo co chi tit). V d: xem qu trnh hot ng ca ca hng bn hng nh
sau: Khch hng (t hng, mua hng) Sn phm
Trang 1
Microsoft Access iu ny quyt nh nhng thng tin no s a vo c s d liu
t mc tiu ta mi hnh thnh cc bng cn thit cha d liu, v nh ngha cc trng
thuc tnh sao cho m t y cc i tng. Xc nh cc bng trong CSDL: y l bc m
hnh ha i tng (m hnh nim d liu). C ngha l sau khi phn tch hin trng
ca n v, t chc, cn tin hc ha. Chng ta phi xc nh cc bng v cc thuc tnh
cn c trong bng. Xc nh bng trong CSDL l mt bc phc tp trong qu trnh
thit k. Khi thit k mt bng chng ta cn lu mt s vn sau: Trnh d tha d
liu V d: 1 quan h (MSKH, TENKH, TP, PVC, MSMH, TENMH, DG, SL) MSKH
S1 S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 TENKH Smith Smith Smith John John Blake TP London
London London Paris Paris Paris PVC 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 MSMH P1
P2 P3 P1 P2 P2 TENMH To Cam Chanh To Cam Cam DG 6.50 5.85 4.25 6.50
5.85 5.85 SL 300 200 400 300 200 200
Chng ta nhn thy rng cc tn khch hng c lp i lp li nhiu ln trong
quan h (d tha d liu) bt tin trong vic sa cha d liu Khi khch hng S1
di chuyn v tr t thnh ph London sang thnh ph Chicago chng hn bt buc
chng ta phi duyt li ht quan h nu khng s dn n tnh trng quan h khng
nht qun. bt tin khi thm d liu V d: Ta khng th thm thng tin ca khch
hng S5 (Adams, Athens) vo quan h v khch hng ny cha cung ng mt hng
no ht. L do: Nu ta thm khch hng ny vo quan h MSMH s trng, m MSMH l
mt phn ca kha chnh trong quan h khng chp nhn mt b m cc gi tr ca kha
chnh cha xc nh. bt tin khi xa d liu V d: Ta c thng tin ca khch hng
S3 ch cung cp mt mt hng, Trng hp nu khch hng ny ngng cung cp mt hng
ny th ta s mt ht ton b thng tin ca khch hng S3. L do: khng chp nhn
mt b m cc gi tr ca kha chnh cha xc nh. Xc nh cc trng (field) trong
bng. Xc nh cc thng tin thuc tnh ca mt bng. Mt s phng php xc nh
field. 1. Mi trng ch c mi quan h trc tip n 1 i tng trong bng, trng
no m t thuc tnh ca i tng khc phi thuc bng khc 2. Khng a nhng trng
cha thng tin c th rt c t trng khc, hoc l kt qu c th tnh ton c. 3.
Cc trng phi ph ht thng tin.
Trang 2
Microsoft Access 4. Phn r thng tin thnh nhng phn t nh nht v d
(trng Htn trng H, trng Tn). 5. Tm kim cc ph thuc hm tm kim kha
chnh. Xc lp cc mi quan h (M hnh quan h). Access l 1 h qun tr c s d
liu quan h, iu c ngha l ta s lu tr cc d liu c quan h vi nhau trong
cc bng. Sau nh ngha cc mi quan h ny truy tm v kt hp cc thng tin
theo mt trt t xc nh. V d: c 2 bng KHACHHANG(MaKH, TenKH, Diachi,
Dienthoai) HOADON(MaHD,#MaKH, NgaylapHD, Ngaynhanhang) Thit lp cc
mi quan h (c 3 mi quan h) 1. Quan h mt nhiu (1-n): y l mi quan h ph
bin nht. Trong mi quan h 1-n, mt mu tin ca bng bn 1 s c th c nhiu
mu tin tng ng bn bng nhiu, nhng ngc li mt mu tin bn nhiu ch ng vi
mt mu tin bn mt. thit lp mi quan h 1-n: Chng ta thm kha chnh ca bn
1 vo bn n lm kha ngoi. 2. Quan h nhiu nhiu (n-n): y l mi quan h phc
tp. Trong mi quan h ny th mt mu tin bn mt bn s ng vi nhiu mu tin bn
bng cn li v ngc li. iu ny dn n d tha d liu. V d: c 2 bng
HOADON(MaHD, MaKH, MaNV, NgaylapHD, Ngaynhanhang) SANPHAM(MaSP,
TenSP, DVtinh, Dongia) thit lp mi quan h n-n: Chng ta to thm 1 bng
trung gian sau du nhp 2 kha chnh ca 2 bng trn sang bng trung gian.
Lc ny 2 kha ny tr thnh kha chnh ca bng trung gian v l kha ngoi ca 2
bng nhiu trn. Trong v d nh trn chng ta to thm bng l CHITIETHD
(#MaSP, #MaHD, Soluong). 3. Quan h mt mt (1-1): y l mi quan h m ng
vi mi mu tin trong bng ny th c 1 mu tin bn bng kia. V d: c 2 bng
HOADON(MaHD, NgaylapHD, Dongia, Trigia) PHIEUTHANHTOAN(MSP, NgayTT,
NguoiTT) Trong trng hp ny chng ta c th chuyn kha chnh bn bng HOADON
sang bng PHIEUTHANHTOAN, hoc ngc li. Kim tra li cc bc trn: Sau khi
to cc bng, v thit lp cc mi quan h chng ta nn kim tra li cc bc trn c
gng pht hin nhng li thiu st, trng lp, hoc d tha d liu, bng cch l
nhp mt s mu tin v kim tra th.
1.3 Gii thiu cc thnh phn trong CSDL ACCESS. Tables: Cng c to bng
cha d liu Queries: Cng c truy vn d liu trn cc bng cha d liu, cng nh
tnh ton d liu trn bng. Forms: Cng c to mu form nhp liu. Reports:
Cng c to cc mu bo co da trn cc bng, hoc t cc cu lnh truy vn.
Macros: Cng c cung cp cc nhm tp lnh t ng ha thao tc. Modules: Cng c
h tr vic to cc chng trnh con ring bng cch lp trnh bng ngn ng Visual
Basic.
Trang 3
Microsoft Access
CHNG 2.2.1 To bng.
Bng (Table).
B1: Click vo biu tng Table B2: Click vo biu tng New v chn mt
trong cc ch sau: Datasheet view: ch xem di dng bng. Design view: ch
thit k th cng. Table wizard: ch thit k c h tr wizard. Import table:
ch nhp bng t tp tin khc. Link table: ch to bng bng cch kt ni vo mt
bng khc trong c s d liu khc.
B3: Thc hin cc thao tc sau cho mt trng: Nhp tn trng ti Field
Name Chn kiu d liu ti Data Type Nhp phn m t ti Description Xc nh cc
thuc tnh ca trng ti FieldProperties B4: Lp li bc 3 cho cc trng khc
B5: Xc nh kha chnh trong bng B6: ng, t tn v lu li bng.
Trang 4
Microsoft Access
Cc kiu d liu (Data type). Kiu d liu Text Memo Number Th hin Kiu
chui nh ti a 255 k t Kiu chui nh ti a 65.535 k t Kiu s Byte (0-255)
s Integer s nguyn (1 byte) Long integer s nguyn (2 byte) Float s
thc (4 byte) Double s thc (8 byte) Kiu ngy Kiu s nh dng theo tin t
Kiu s tng t ng (khng sa c) Kiu logic Kiu i tng kt nhng (hnh nh, )
Ly gi tr t 1 bng khc
Date / time Currency Auto Number Yes / No Ole Object Lookup
wizard
M t thuc tnh trng (Field Property) Field size: kch thc field
Format: nh dng d liu V d: @;khng c;cha bit chui nh dng c 3 phn: (1)
trng hp c cha vn bn, (2) trng hp khng c vn bn, (3) trng hp
null.
Trang 5
Microsoft Access nh dng Date/Time Number General Number Currency
Fixed Standard Percent Scientific Text > < @ & Th hin
dd/mm/yy ng s nhp vo C du phn cch phn ngn, s l, chn thm $ C du phn
cch phn ngn, s l C du phn cch phn ngn, s l D liu x 100 v k t % S
khoa hc i ch thng sang IN i ch IN sang thng D liu bt buc nhp D liu
khng bt buc nhp $ 1,998.03 1,998.0 (1 s l) 1,998.03 Nhp 0.1 10% Nhp
50 5.0E + 01 Hin th 06/08/04
Input Mask: Mt n nhp liu L mt n nh dng d liu bt buc ngi s dng
phi nhp ng theo mu nhp liu. V d: L000 (L: K t t AZ bt buc nhp d
liu, 0: K s t 0 9) Caption: Tiu ct s th hin bn mn hnh nhp liu
Datasheet View. Default value: gi tr mc nh ban u Nu kiu d liu l s
th gi tr mc nh ban u l 0 Nu kiu d liu l ngy, thng, nm th nn chn gi
tr mc nh ban u l hm date() Validation rule: biu thc gii hn nhng gi
tr hp l V d: >0 Validation text: chui thng bo nu Validation rule
khng hp l V d: Phi l s dng Required: (Yes: bt buc phi nhp d liu, No
khng bt buc nhp d liu) Indexed: Yes (duplicates OK) : chp nhn trng
lp d liu, No (duplicates OK) : Khng chp nhn trng lp d liu,
Duplicates OK : Nu bng c trn 2 thuc tnh l kha chnh.
2.2 Khai bo cc quan h gia cc bng (Relationships)B1: Ti ca s
Database, click vo biu tng Relationships trn Toolbar. B2: a cc bng
vo ca s Relationships. (Click tng table sau click vo nt Add a tng
bng vo ca s Relationships) - Nu thiu bng th click phi vo ca s
relationships chn show table, sau click ln lt cc bng vo ca s
Relationships. - Nu d bng th chn cc bng d bm delete xa bng. B3:
Click vo kha chnh ca bng bn nhiu ko vo kha ngoi bn 1, hoc chng ta c
th lm ngc li (Ch : ko vo cho ng). - Enfore Referential Integrity:
Rng buc ton vn (th 1: Chng ta khng th nhp d liu bn bng nhiu c nu bn
1 cha nhp d liu, th 2: Chng ta khng th xa d liu bn 1 nu d liu c
quan h vi bn bng nhiu, th 3: Chng ta khng th sa i d liu bn bng 1 nu
d liu c quan h vi bn bng nhiu). - Cascade Update Related Fields: T
ng cp nht d liu bn nhiu khi bn 1 thay i. - Cascade Delete Related
Records: T ng xa d liu bn bng nhiu khi bn 1 xa.
Trang 6
Microsoft Access
Trang 7
Microsoft Access
CHNG 3.
Truy vn (Query)
Truy xut d liu t cc bng, + Cc loi query. Query chn (select
query). Query tham s (parameter query). Query tham kho cho
(crosstab query). Query hnh ng (Action query). Query vit bng ngn ng
SQL.
3.1 Query chn (Select query). B1: Click chn nt query t ca s
Database. B2: Click chn nt New query, sau chn Design view, xut hin
ca s show table. B3: Click chn tng table a vo truy xut d liu, sau
click add, close ng bng show table li B4: double click vo cc field
mun show d liu. B5: bm vo biu tng Run thc thi truy vn. B6: ng, t tn
v lu li query. B7: nu mun quay tr li bc thit k th chng ta chn biu
tng design trn ca s Database thit k li truy vn.
Field: Cc field show d liu Table: Cc bng tham gia Query Sort:
Cch sp xp d liu tng dn, gim dn. Show: Hin th d liu. Criteria: iu
kin lc d liu. Or: Ton t Logic (hoc).
Trang 8
Microsoft Access Cc iu kin lc d liu: iu kin s: >, =, > a
cc field hng lot , hoc bm > a tng field qua, mun b field no th
bm Input Mask LL00 Caption M khch hng Required Yes Size 50 Caption
Tn khch hng Required Yes Caption a ch Size 30 Caption Thnh ph Size
7 Format @;Khng c;Cha bit Caption in thoi Allow zerolength Yes
Caption Email
TenKH
Text
Tn khch hng
Diachi Thanhpho Dienthoai
Memo Text Text
a ch Thnh ph in thoi
Email Table SANPHAM Field MaSP
Hyperlink
Email
Type Text
Description M sn phm
Property Size 4 Primary key Format > Input Mask LL00 Caption
M sn phm Required Yes Size 30 Caption Tn sn phm Size Byte Caption M
loi sn phm Required Yes Size 8 Caption n v tnh Decimal place 2
Caption n gi Validation rule >0 Validation text n gi phi l s ln
hn 0 Required Yes
TenSP MaLoai
Text Number
Tn sn phm M loi sn phm
Donvitinh Dongia
Text Currency
n v tnh n gi
Trang 32
Microsoft Access Table HOADON Field MaHD Type Text Description M
ho n Property Size 4 Primary key Format > Input mask LL00
Caption M ho n Required Yes Format dd/mm/yyyy Input mask 00/00/0000
Caption Ngy lp H Validation Rule Input Mask LL00 Caption M khch hng
Required Yes Size 4 Format > Caption M Nhn vin Required Yes
NgaylapHD
Date/Time
Ngy lp ha n
NgayNH
Date/Time
Ngy nhn hng
MaKH
Text
M khch hng
MaNV
Text
M nhn vin
Table CHITIETHD Field MaHD Type Text Description M ho n Property
Size 4 Format > Input mask LL00 Size 4 Format > Input mask
LL00 Primary key MaHD+MaSP Size Single Validation rule >0
Validation text S lng nhp phi ln hn 0 Caption S lng Required
Yes
MaSP
Text
M sn phm
Soluong
Number
S lng
Trang 33
Microsoft Access 3) To cc mi quan h rng buc (Relationship) cho
cc table trn
4) Nhp d liu cho cc table trn Table LOAISPM loi SP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 Tn loi SP V Du n Bt my M gi Ph gi Nc ngt Bia Ru
Table SANPHAMM SP SP01 SP02 SP03 SP04 SP05 SP06 SP07 SP08 SP09
SP10 SP11 SP12 SP13 SP14 SP15 Tn sn phm M n lin Ho Ho Bt my Hero Ph
n lin Vifon Ph n lin Ho Ho V 96t Hi Tin Bt my Thin Long Bia chai
333 Bia chai Heineken Ru La mi Ru vang TL M n lin Vifon Du n
Neptune 1L Du n Tng An 1L Pepsi Coca Cola Loi SP M gi Bt my Ph gi
Ph gi V Bt my Bia Bia Ru Ru M gi Du n Du n n v tnh n gi gi chic gi
gi quyn chic chai chai chai chai gi chai chai 1,100 9,200 1,800
1,900 2,800 4,600 6,500 8,700 8,900 11,000 900 17,000 16,000 4,500
4,300
Nc ngt lon Nc ngt lon
Table NHANVIENM NV NV01 NV02 NV03 NV04 NV05 H Nhn vin Phm Th
Minh Th Kim Nguyn Th Kim L Th Khnh L Vn Tn NV Tm Hong Hng H Hu Gii
tnh N N N N Nam Ngy sinh a ch in thoi 8636363 8565656 Cha bit
12/10/1976 45 Trn Ph 10/12/1965 20 V Th Su 20/12/1971 122 Trn
Ph
20/10/1970 15 Nguyn Tri Khng c
12/10/1981 25 Ng Quyn 9767676
Trang 34
Microsoft AccessNV06 Trn Nguyn Hong Phng Nam 01/01/1975 18 Hng
Bng Cha bit
Table KHACHHANGM KH CH01 CH02 CH03 CH04 CH05 CH06 CH07 KL01 KL02
KL03 Tn khch hng Cng ty vng bc qu Cng ty A&B Cng ty TDC Cng ty
T&H Cng ty TNHH Vit Thnh Cng ty Vn Ho Phm Trn Trng Bnh Tn N Kim
Anh Nguyn Trng Cng a ch 350 CMT8 P13, Q3 120 Bi Th Xun, Q1 Thnh ph
in thoi HCM HCM HCM ng Nai H Ni Cn Th Cha bit 8454545 8181818
8202020 8101010 8787878 8474747 Khng c 8353535 Cha bit [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] Email [email protected]
123 L Thnh Tn, Q1 HCM 22 Nam K Khi Ngha ng Nai 16 Nguyn Tt Thnh
21/3 B Triu 240 Ninh Kiu
Cng ty phn mm Php Vit 120 Vnh Vin, Q10
12 Trn Bnh Trng, Q5 HCM 111 Nguyn Ch Thanh H Ni
Table HOADONM H HD01 HD02 HD03 HD04 HD05 HD06 HD07 HD08 HD09
HD10 Ngy lp H 10/01/2007 12/01/2007 14/02/2007 12/04/2007
05/05/2007 10/07/2007 20/08/2007 30/10/2007 10/11/2007 14/12/2007
Ngy nhn hng Khch Hng M nhn vin Tm Hong Hng H Hu Phng Hong Hng H Hu
15/01/2007 Cng ty vng bc qu 15/01/2007 Cng ty A&B 15/02/2007
Cng ty TDC 13/04/2007 Cng ty T&H 07/05/2007 Cng ty phn mm Php
Vit 10/07/2007 Cng ty TNHH Vit Thnh 21/08/2007 Cng ty Vn Ho Phm
31/10/2007 Trn Trng Bnh 10/11/2007 Tn N Kim Anh 15/12/2007 Nguyn
Trng Cng
CHI TIT HO NM H Sn phm S lng 5 10 8 8 5 10 24 10 2 8 5 10 M H Sn
phm S lng 8 10 10 15 24 10 5 20 24 10 12 2 HD01 Bt my Hero HD01 V
96t Hi Tin HD01 Bt my Thin Long HD02 M n lin Ho Ho HD02 Ph n lin
Vifon HD02 Ph n lin Ho Ho HD03 Bia chai 333 HD03 Bia chai Heineken
HD04 Ru La mi HD04 Ru vang TL HD05 Du n Neptune 1L HD05 Du n Tng An
1L HD06 Pepsi HD06 Coca Cola HD07 Pepsi HD07 Bia chai Heineken HD08
Bia chai 333 HD08 Ru La mi HD09 Coca Cola HD09 Bia chai Heineken
HD10 Coca Cola HD10 Ru vang TL HD10 Bia chai Heineken HD10 Ru La
mi
Trang 35
Microsoft Access BI TP V QUERY Trong CSDL QLBH.mdb, to cc query
sau :
SELECT Query 1. Hin th cc nhn vin c tn nhn vin bt u bng ch T hoc
A 2. Hin th danh sch nhng nhn vin no c h Nguyn 3. Hin th danh sch
nhng nhn vin no c h Trn v gii tnh l nam (gi tr l -1) 4. Hin th danh
sch nhng nhn vin c gii tnh l n (gi tr l 0) 5. Hin th cc MaNV, Ho v
TenNV ca nhng nhn vin c ngy sinh >= 01/01/1970 6. Hin th cc nhn
vin c ngy sinh nm trong khong 01/01/1950 v 01/01/1980 7. Hin th cc
nhn vin c ngy sinh nm ngoi khong t 01/10/1970 n 31/12/1980 8. Hin
th cc trng MaNV, HovaTenNV ca nhng nhn vin c tui 200000 5. m s ln
mua hng ca mi khch hng trong Qu 1 6. Tnh tng s lng hng bn c theo
tng mt hng 7. Tnh tng s tin bn hng trong tng thng 8. Tnh xem c bao
nhiu nhn vin bn hng trong qu 1. Hin th cc thng tin MaNV, HovaTenNV,
Tuoi 9. Tnh s lng hng bn c theo tng qu 10. Tnh tng s tin mua hng ca
mi khch hng theo tng qu 11. Tnh tng s tin bn c ca mt hng c loi sn
phm l Ru hoc Bia trong thng 1 v thng 8 12. Tnh tng s lng sn phm v
gi bn trung bnh ca tng loi sn phm 13. Tnh s tin gim gi trn tng ho n
v s tin khch hng phi tr, bit rng ch gim gi 10% cho nhng ho n c tng
gi tr tin mua t 100000 tr ln (Gi : ly ngun d liu l cu query s 1 lm)
14. Tnh s tin gim gi v s tin phi tr trn tng ho n vi t l gim gi 10%
nu mua hng t 150000 tr ln v 5% nu mua hng t 80000 tr ln. Ch hin th
nhng ho n gim gi (Gi : ly ngun d liu l cu query s 1 lm) PARAMETER
Query 1. To query cho php khi g vo mt MaSP th s cho xem thng tin v
MaSP, TenSP, Donvitinh, Dongia ca sn phm 2. To query cho php khi g
vo mt MaNV th s hin th thng tin v nhn vin 3. To query hin th danh
sch nhn vin c ngy sinh nm trong khong [t ngy, n ngy] vi cc tham s t
ngy, n ngy c nhp vo t bn phm 4. To query hin th danh sch nhn vin c
tui [t tui, n tui] c nhp vo t bn phm 5. To query cho php khi g vo
mt MaHD th s cho xem thng tin chi tit v ho n bao gm cc thng tin v
MaHD, NgaylapHD, TenSP, Soluong, Dongia, Thanhtien 6. To query cho
php khi g vo mt khong thi gian no (ca NgaylapHD) s cho xem thng tin
ca tt c cc trng ca bng HOADON 7. To query cho php nhp vo Tn Loi Sn
phm th s cho xem thng tin ton b sn phm thuc loi sn phm Trang 37
Microsoft Access 8. Hin th tt c thng tin cc ho n do Khch hng mua
hng vi MaKH nhp vo t bn phm 9. Xem khch hng c m CH02 c mua hng
trong thng hay khng vi thng c nhp vo t bn phm 10. To query hin th
cc thng tin v ho n : MaHD, NgaylapHD, MaKH, TongThanhTien trong mt
khong thi gian [t ngy, n ngy] c nhp vo t bn phm 11. To query tnh
tng doanh thu ca ca hng trong khong mt khong thi gian c nhp vo t bn
phm 12. To query tnh tng s lng hng bn c trn tng sn phm trong khong
thi gian c nhp vo t bn phm CROSSTAB Query 1. Tng kt xem cc khch hng
mua cc mt hng vi s lng l bao nhiu 2. Tng kt xem cc khch hng mua cc
mt hng trong thng 01/2007 vi s tin l bao nhiu 3. Tng kt xem cc khch
hng mua tng s lng theo tng sn phm l bao nhiu 4. To query hin th tng
s mua theo tng mt hng v s lng mua ca tng khch hng theo tng mt hng,
vi MaKH lm Column Heading 5. To query tnh tng s lng hng bn c theo
tng mt hng v theo thng vi Column Heading l tn tng thng, v d Thng 1,
Thng 2, 6. Tnh tng s tin mua hng ca mi khch hng theo tng qu (Column
Heading) 7. Hin th doanh thu theo tng loi khch hng (KL : Khch l, CH
: Ca hng) trong mi thng ca Qu 1 8. Tnh tng s tin thng cho nhn vin
theo tng mt hng v theo tng thng. Bit rng nhn vin c thng 10% trn tng
gi tr ca mt hng mua vi s lng t 5 tr ln ACTION Query 1. To Make
table query ly d liu t table NHANVIEN gm nhng nhn vin n v t tn
table l NHANVIENNU 2. To Make table query ly d liu t table NHANVIEN
gm nhng nhn vin c tui < 30 3. S dng cu Update Query tng thm 10%
n gi cho cc loi hng l Ru hoc Bia 4. S dng cu Update Query gim gi mt
hng thuc loi V xung 5% 5. To cu Update Query dng gim gi 10% nhng sn
phm c loi sn phm l Nc ngt, cn i vi nhng sn phm khc th tng gi 5% 6.
S dng cu Update Query gim gi mt hng c n v tnh l chai xung 5% cn cc
mt hng khc gi nguyn gi 7. S dng cu Append Query ni thm d liu cc nhn
vin nam t bng NHANVIEN vo bng NHANVIENNU 8. To Delete Query dng xo
cc mu tin ca bng NHANVIENNU theo tiu chun l nhn vin nam v sinh sau
nm 1975 BI TP V FORM
Trang 38
Microsoft Access Bi 1: S dng bng KHACHHANG to Form tn l THONG
TIN KHACH HANG c hnh thc nh sau:
Hng dn: Dng Form Wizard to form trn c dng Tabular Sp xp li cc
trt t i tng trn Form v thm vo tiu cng nh nt lnh cho form Dng font
Arial, tiu c ch m v thit lp mu sc cho cc tiu trn form Thit lp mt s
thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o Caption : THONG TIN KHACH HANG o Record
Selectors : No o Border Style : Thin o Min Max Buttons : None
Bi 2: Hy s dng bng nhn vin (NHANVIEN) to form c tn LY LICH NHAN
VIEN c dng nh sau
Hng dn: Dng Form Wizard to form trn c dng Columnar Sp xp li cc
trt t i tng trn Form v thm vo tiu cng nh nt lnh cho form Dng font
Arial, tiu c ch m v thit lp mu sc cho cc tiu trn form
Thit lp mt s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o Caption : LY LICH NHAN
VIEN o Record Selectors : No o Border Style : Thin Trang 39
Microsoft Access o Min Max Buttons : None Bi 3: Hy s dng bng sn
phm (SANPHAM) to Form DANH MUC SAN PHAM c dng nh sau:
Hng dn: Dng Form Wizard to form trn c dng Columnar Sp xp li cc
trt t i tng trn Form v thm vo tiu cng nh nt lnh cho form Dng font
Arial, tiu c ch m v thit lp mu sc cho cc tiu trn form Thit lp mt s
thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o Caption : DANH MUC SAN PHAM o Record
Selectors : No o Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o
Min Max Buttons : None to mt Command Button bng Wizard: B1: Bt
Control Wizard, click vo control Command Button trn thanh ToolBox v
drag thnh mt nt lnh ti ni mun t nt lnh. B2: Xut hin hp thoi Command
Button Wizard Nu cc lnh lin quan n thao tc trn mu tin th Click chn
Record Operation trn danh mc (Categories) v chn hnh ng (Actions) nh
thm, xo mu tin. Nu cc nt lnh lin quan n thao tc trn Form th Click
chn Form Operation trn danh mc (Categories) v chn hnh ng (Actions)
nh ng, m Form.
Bi 4: Hy s dng bng nhn vin (NHANVIEN) v Tab control to form c tn
QUAN LY NHAN VIEN c dng nh sau
Trang 40
Microsoft Access
Hng dn: Dng Form Design to form trn s dng ngun d liu l bng
NHANVIEN v form c dng Columnar Nhn View chn mc Form Header/Footer
Dng cng c Tab control a vo form v hiu chnh li tiu ca hai tab
control thng qua thuc tnh Caption a cc trng t Field list vo trong
tab control tng ng Sp xp li cc trt t i tng trn tab control Dng font
Arial, tiu c ch m v thit lp mu sc cho cc i tng trn form Thit lp mt
s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o Caption : QUAN LY NHAN VIEN o Record
Selectors : No o Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o
Min Max Buttons : None o Auto Center : Yes S dng nt lnh (command
button) to ra cc nt lnh trn c chc nng ln lt l : Thm mi, V trc, V
sau, Xo, Thot nm trong phn Form Footer
Bi 5: To Form dng Main Form Sub Form cho vic cp nht HA N c dng
nh sau
Trang 41
Microsoft Access
Hng dn: Cc bc to Main-Sub Form dng Wizard B1: Ti ca s Database,
click vo i tng Form- New B2: Trong hp thoi New Form: Chn mt trong
cc ch Form Wizard Chn Table hay Query m ta mun lm Main Form v click
OK B3: Xut hin hp thoi Form Wizard Chn cc trng cho Main Form Click
chn Table / Query lm ngun cho Sub Form v chn cc trng cho Sub Form v
click Next. Xut hin hp thoi Form Wizard v click Next. Chn kiu trnh
by Form (Tabular, Datasheet) v click Next. Chn kiu trnh by nn v d
liu cho Form v click Next. Nhp tiu (ng thi cng l tn Form) v click
Next Trang tr thm cho Form : Dng i tng Line k ng thng v chn mc
Border Style l DashDot Thit lp mt s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o
Record Selectors : No o Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style :
Thin o Min Max Buttons : None Bi 6: Dng Form Wizard thit k mt form
nh sau:
Trang 42
Microsoft Access
Yu cu: Combobox cha tt c cc nhn vin c trong bng nhn vin. Khi chn
h tn ca mt nhn vin trong combobox th trn form hin th thng tin lin
quan n nhn vin va chn.
Hng dn: To form ging nh phn hng dn cu 2 Dng combobox a vo phn
tiu ca form (form header) v chn mc th ba trong combobox wizard l
Find a record on my form . Chn trng l MaNV, HoNV v TenNV Thit lp cc
thuc tnh form ging nh cc bi trc
Bi 7: To Main-Sub Form THONG KE HOA DON KHACH HANG c dng nh
sau
Yu cu: Khi chn tn khch hng t combobox th hin th chi tit cc ho n
ca khch hng mua bao gm MaHD, NgayLapHD, TongTien
Hng dn:
Trang 43
Microsoft Access To cu truy vn c tham s bao gm nhng thng tin
MaHD, NgayLapHD, TongTien, MaKH (tham s t ngay trng d liu MaKH vi
tn l cboMaKH v cho trng ny n i), lu li cu truy vn vi tn
qryThongKeHoaDonKhachHang Dng Form Wizard to mt form con c tn Sub_
ThongKeHoaDonKhachHang s dng d liu ngun l cu truy vn
qryThongKeHoaDonKhachHang vi dng Tabular Dng ch Design View to ra
form chnh vi tn THONG KE HOA DON KHACH HANG, trn form ny c hai i
tng : o i tng 1 l combobox ly d liu l bng khch hng v t tn l cboMaKH
o i tng 2 l subform vi d liu l t form Sub_ThongKeHoaDonKhachHang c
to bc trn, thao tc bng cch ko th form con vo trong form chnh nh mu
sc v kiu dng cc i tng tu Thit lp mt s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o
Caption : THONG KE HOA DON KHACH HANG o Record Selectors : No o
Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o Min Max Buttons :
None o Auto Center : Yes
Bi 8: To Main-Sub Form TIM KIEM NHAN VIEN c dng nh sau
Yu cu: Khi g tn nhn vin vo textbox th hin th thng tin v cc nhn
vin c tn c nhp vo
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tham s bao gm nhng thng tin MaNV, HoNV,
TenNV, Gioitinh, Ngaysinh, Tuoi, Diachi. Tham s t ngay trng d liu
TenNV vi tn l txtTenNV, lu li cu truy vn vi tn qryTimKiemNhanVien
Dng Form Wizard to mt form con c tn Sub_TKNhanVien s dng d liu ngun
l cu truy vn qryTimKiemNhanVien vi dng DataSheet
Trang 44
Microsoft Access Dng ch Design View to ra form chnh vi tn TIM
KIEM NHAN VIEN, trn form ny c hai i tng : o i tng 1 l textbox t tn
l txtTenNV o i tng 2 l subform vi d liu l t form Sub_ TKNhanVien c
to bc trn, thao tc bng cch ko th form con vo trong form chnh nh mu
sc v kiu dng cc i tng tu Thit lp mt s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o
Caption : TIM KIEM NHAN VIEN o Record Selectors : No o Navigation
Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o Min Max Buttons : None
Bi 9: To Main-Sub Form TONG HOP HOA DON c dng nh sau
Yu cu: Nhp vo gi tr T ngy, n ngy vo textbox th hin th thng tin
chi tit cc ho n c lp trong khong [T ngy, n ngy] bao gm MaHD, TenKH,
NgaylapHD, NgayNH, TongThanhTien.
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tham s bao gm nhng thng tin MaHD, TenKH,
NgayLapHD, NgayNH, TongThanhTien. Tham s t ngay trng d liu
NgaylapHD vi tn tham s th nht l [tungay] v tham s th hai l
[denngay], lu li cu truy vn vi tn qryTongHopHoaDon Dng Form Wizard
to mt form con c tn Sub_TongHopHoaDon s dng d liu ngun l cu truy vn
qryTongHopHoaDon vi dng DataSheet Dng ch Design View to ra form
chnh vi tn TONG HOP HOA DON, trn form ny c ba i tng : Trang 45
Microsoft Access o i tng 1 l textbox t tn l tungay, thit lp thuc
tnh ca textbox nh sau: Name : tungay Format : dd/mm/yyyy Input mask
: 00/00/0000 o i tng 2 l textbox t tn l denngay v cng thit lp thuc
tnh tng t nh trn o i tng 3 l subform vi d liu l t form Sub_
TongHopHoaDon c to bc trn, thao tc bng cch ko th form con vo trong
form chnh nh mu sc v kiu dng cc i tng tu Thit lp mt s thuc tnh ca
Form nh sau o Caption : TONG HOP HOA DON o Record Selectors : No o
Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o Min Max Buttons :
None o Auto Center : Yes
Bi 10: To Main-Sub Form THONG KE SAN PHAM c dng nh sau
Yu cu: Nhp vo gi tr T ngy, n ngy vo textbox th hin th thng tin
chi tit cc sn phm c bn trong khong [T ngy, n ngy] bao gm TenSP,
Donvitinh, TongSoBan, NgaylapHD
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tham s bao gm nhng thng tin TenSP,
Donvitinh, TongSoBan, NgaylapHD. Tham s t ngay trng d liu NgaylapHD
vi tn tham s th nht l [tungay] v tham s th hai l [denngay], lu li
cu truy vn vi tn qryThongKeSanPham
Trang 46
Microsoft Access Dng Form Wizard to mt form con c tn
Sub_ThongKeSanPham s dng d liu ngun l cu truy vn qryThongKeSanPham
vi dng Tabular Dng ch Design View to ra form chnh vi tn THONG KE
SAN PHAM, trn form ny c ba i tng : o i tng 1 l textbox t tn l
tungay o i tng 2 l textbox t tn l denngay o i tng 3 l subform vi d
liu l t form Sub_ ThongKeSanPham c to bc trn, thao tc bng cch ko th
form con vo trong form chnh nh mu sc v kiu dng cc i tng tu Thit lp
mt s thuc tnh ca Form nh sau o Caption : THONG KE SAN PHAM o Record
Selectors : No o Navigation Buttons : No o Border Style : Thin o
Min Max Buttons : None o Auto Center : Yes BI TP V REPORT Bi 1: To
bo co in ra chi tit sn phm vi tn l In chi tiet san pham
Yu cu: In ra bo co chi tit tt c cc sn phm gm cc thng tin v MaSP,
TenSP, TenLoai, Donvitinh, Dongia v c dng ging nh trn
Hng dn: To cu truy vn ly cc trng d liu MaSP, TenSP, TenLoaiSP,
Donvitinh, Dongia, t tn cu truy vn ny l qryChitietSP Dng Report
Wizard to report c dng Tabular vi d liu ngun l cu truy vn va to bc
trn Sp xp li cc trt t i tng trn bo co ging vi hnh minh ho Trang
47
Microsoft Access Bi 2: To bo co in ra l lch ca mt nhn vin v t tn
bo co l In Ly Lich Nhan Vien
Yu cu: Khi cn in l lch chi tit ca nhn vin no th ch cn nhp vo m
nhn vin
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tham s lm d liu ngun cho bo co vi tn
qryLLNV Dng Report Wizard to report c dng Columnar vi d liu ngun l
cu truy vn to bc trn Sp xp li cc trt t i tng trn bo co ging vi hnh
minh ho
Bi 3: To Report In Hoa Don cho php g vo mt MaHD s in ra Ho n bn
hng theo mu di y
Trang 48
Microsoft Access
Hng dn: To Query lm ngun d liu cho Report. Query ny cha cc trng
c trong Report v l Parameter Query v theo yu cu g vo mt MaHD s in
ra Ho n .
To Report In Hoa Don c ngun d liu l Query bc 1 v c thit k:
Trang 49
Microsoft Access
Bi 4: To bo co report nhm Bao cao danh sach khach hang theo
TenKH vi dng nh sau:
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tn qryDSKH bao gm cc thng tin sau :
TenKH, NgaylapHD, TenSP, Soluong, Thanhtien:[Soluong]*[Dongia]
Trang 50
Microsoft Access Dng Report Wizard to report c dng Tabular vi d
liu ngun l cu truy vn qryDSKH to bc trn v gom nhm theo TenKH S dng
hm SUM tnh Tng thnh tin cho tng khch hng Sp xp li cc trt t i tng
trn bo co ging hnh minh ho
Bi 5: To bo co report nhm Bao cao tinh tien Hoa Don theo MaHD vi
mu sau
Hng dn: To cu truy vn c tn qryTTHD bao gm cc thng tin sau :
MaHD, NgaylapHD, TenSP, Donvitinh, Soluong, Dongia, Thanhtien Dng
Report Wizard to report c dng Tabular vi d liu ngun l cu truy vn
qryTTHD to bc trn v gom nhm theo MaHD S dng hm SUM tnh Tng tin cho
tng ho n v cho tt c ho n Sp xp li cc trt t i tng trn bo co ging hnh
minh ho
BI TP KT HP FORM V REPORT Bi 1: To Form Bo co v report thit k
theo hnh minh ho
Trang 51
Microsoft Access Khi ngi dng nhn nt In bo co th in ra bo co
doanh thu theo sn phm trong khong thi gian t ngy n ngy do ngi dng
nhp trn form
Bi 2: Khi ngi dng nhn nt In bo co th in ra bo co doanh thu theo
ho n trong khong thi gian t ngy n ngy do ngi dng nhp trn form
Trang 52
Microsoft Access
BI TP MACRO Bi 1: To cc macro cha cc hnh ng sau: m form THONG
TIN KHACH HANG, m bng NHANVIEN, m bo co In chi tiet san pham. Sau
to Form c tn Bang chon Form c cc nt lnh gn vi cc macro m ln lt tng
hnh ng trn.
Trang 53
Microsoft Access
Bi 2: To mt nhm macro ln lt cha cc hnh ng sau: m form QUAN LY
NHAN VIEN, m form QUAN LY HOA DON, m bo co DOANH THU THEO SAN PHAM,
m bo co DOANH THU THEO HOA DON , m trnh son tho Winword, m chng
trnh v MSPaint, m chng trnh my tnh b ti Calculator. Sau to Form c
tn MAIN FORM c cc nt lnh gn vi cc macro m ln lt tng hnh ng trn.
Bi 3: To mt Form khi xem thng tin v mt khch hng, ta mun xem thng
tin v cc ho n ca khch hng nhng khng mun hin th chng thng xuyn trn
mn hnh.
Trang 54
Microsoft Access
Bi 4: To Form Xem HD theo mu sau y c th hin th cc ho n lp theo
yu cu sau: Khi chn Xem bng tng hp ho n th Combo Box chn ho n s khng
xut hin v khi click nt in bo co s in ra bng tng hp ho n. Khi chn yu
cu in chi tit tng ho n th Combo Box chn ho n s xut hin v khi click
in bo co s in ra mu ho n ang chn
Bi 5: Hy dng macro iu kin to ra form NHANVIEN05 c dng nh hnh v c
cc chc nng sau Click chn vo nt option c s in thoi, ch hin th nhng
nhn vin c s in thoi, tng t cho cc nt option cn li s hin th nhng
thng tin tng ng
Trang 55
Microsoft Access
Bi 6: Hy dng macro iu kin to ra form NHANVIEN06 c dng nh hnh v c
cc chc nng sau Click chn vo nt option nam, ch hin th nhng nhn vin c
gii tnh l nam, tng t cho cc nt option cn li s hin th nhng thng tin
tng ng
Bi 7: Hy dng macro iu kin to ra form SANPHAM c dng nh hnh v c cc
chc nng + Click chn vo nt option Chai, ch hin th nhng sn phm c n v
tnh l Chai, tng t cho cc nt option cn li s hin th nhng thng tin tng
ng
Trang 56
Microsoft Access
Bi 8: S dng macro to h thng menu bar bao gm cc menu ngang hin th
trn dng u mn hnh c dng nh sau
V t tn macro l mnuQLBH Bi 9: Tomacro dng lm toolbar c dng nh
sau
Bao gm cc nt thc hin cc chc nng sau Trang 57
Microsoft Access Nhn vin : m form QUAN LY NHAN VIEN Khch hng : m
form THONG TIN KHACH HANG Sn phm : m form DANH MUC SAN PHAM In ho n
: m report In Hoa Don Bo co doanh thu : m form DOANH THU THEO HOA
DON BI TP MODULES 1. Vit chng trnh tnh din tch hnh trn vi cng thc
tnh din tch l bk*bk*3.14 vi bn knh c nhp vo t bn phm 2. Vit chng
trnh in ra cu thng bo nh sau : Nu gi trong ngy 0 < gi
