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Acid rain
What is acid rain?• precipitation that has a pH < 5
- normal pH is 5.6 - acid rain pH is between 5 and 3 - typically around 4.2 - 4.4
value that measures several properties of the solutions, one of which is corrosivity
pHmeter universal indicator
paper
dry deposition
Acid rain dynamics• 1) production of pollutants
Acid rain dynamics• 1) production of pollutants
NOx
SO2
nitrogen oxides
sulfur dioxide
Acid rain dynamics• 1) production of pollutants
NOx
SO2
nitrogen oxides
sulfur dioxide
fossil fuelsvolcanoes
anthropization
Acid rain dynamics• 2) pollutants rise into the atmosphere
• 3) precipitation
Acid rain dynamics• 2) pollutants rise into the atmosphere
• 3) precipitation
if the gases combine with vapour we will have acid fog, rain, snow
if the gases DO NOT combine with vapour we will have a dry deposition
when the dry deposition is wetted by moisture or rain it ACTIVATES into acid!
Acid rain dynamics• 4) acids precipitate and damage natural and cultural
heritage