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Adam Benjamin
Kevin Brokish
Joel Wiechmann
Joseph Wang
Capstone – Spring 2007 - CDR
Eric Wilson
Presentation Outline
•OverviewOverview•DesignDesign
•ImplementationImplementation
•OverviewOverview•DesignDesign
•ImplementationImplementation
Overview
What is it all about?
Mission Statement
The mission of SimBoulder is
to demonstrate the effective integration of
renewable energy power sources
Baseline Objectives
Model City Power Infrastructure
Integrate renewable and traditional sources
Measurement and Display
Design
It starts with a plan!
Design Outline
CPU Battery System Solar Converter Hydro System Load Usage
Block Diagram
Light
Solar Cells
Peak Power Converter
Converter Relay
Generator
Water
Pump
Power Management
CircuitryCapacitor Bank
CPU
City
LCD
Power Supply
BatteryTwo-way Converter
Current-Limiter
User Input
MSP430F1611and LCD
1D
Vcc
2P6.3/A
3
3P6.4/A
4
4P6.5/A
5
5P6.6/A
6/DA
C0
6P6.7/A
7/DA
C1/SV
SIN
7V
RE
F+
8X
IN
9X
OU
T
10V
eRE
F+
11V
RE
F-/VeR
EF-
12P1.0/T
AC
LK
13P1.1/T
A0
14P1.2/T
A1
15P1.3/T
A2
16P1.4/SM
CL
K
18P1.6/TA1
19P1.7/TA2
20P2.0/ACLK
21P2.1/TAINCLK
22P2.2/CAOUT/TA0
23P2.3/CA0/TA1
24P2.4/CA1/TA2
25P2.5/ROSC
26P2.6/ADC12CLK/DMAE0
27P2.7/TA0
28P3.0/STE0
29P3.1/SIMO0/SDA
30P3.2/SOMI0
31P3.3/ICLK0/SCL
32P3.4/UTXD0
17P1.5/TA0
64AVcc
63DVss
62AVss
61P6.2/A2
60P6.1/A1
59P6.0/A0
58R\S\T\/NMI
57TCK
56TMS
55TDI/TCLK
54TDO/TDI
53XT2IN
52XT2OUT
51P5.7/TBOUTH/SVSOUT
50P5.6/ACLK
49P5.5/SMCLK 48
P5.4/MC
LK
47P5.3/U
CL
K1
46P5.2/SO
MI1
45P5.1/SIM
O1
44P5.0/ST
E1
43P4.7/T
BC
LK
42P4.6/T
B6 41
P4.5/TB
5 40P4.4/T
B4 39
P4.3/TB
3 38P4.2/T
B2 37
P4.1/TB
1 36P4.0/T
B0 35
P3.7/UR
XD
1
34P3.6/U
TX
D1
33P3.5/U
RX
D0
U1
24VccB (3.3V)
23VccB (3.3V)
22O\E\
21B1
20B2
19B3
18B4
17B5
16B6
15B7
14B8
13GND
12GND
11GND
10A8
9A7
8A6
7A5
6A4
5A3
4A2
3A1
2DIR
1(5V) VccA
U3
Level Shifter
24VccB (3.3V)
23VccB (3.3V)
22O\E\
21B1
20B2
19B3
18B4
17B5
16B6
15B7
14B8
13GND
12GND
11GND
10A8
9A7
8A6
7A5
6A4
5A3
4A2
3A1
2DIR
1(5V) VccA
U4
Level Shifter
1 23 45 67 89 1011 1213 1415 1617 1819 2021 2223 2425 2627 2829 3031 3233 3435 3637 3839 40
H1
LCD Header33
R1
Res1
10uF
CbypassCap
10K
R?RPot
VCC5
VCC5
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
VCC5
VCC3
VCC3
VCC5
VCC3
.1uF
C?Cap
GND
VCC3
GND
100pF
C?Cap
VCC3 100K
R?
Res1
10uF
C?
Cap Pol1
.1uF
C?
CapGND
GND
GND
12345678
P?
Header 4X2
GND
From Commercial
From Industrial
From Residential
From Transportation
From Solar Cell
From Generator
From Battery
From Wall
Sun Control
Software Block Diagram
Store Power Usage Data
Store Power Generation
Data
Update Virtual LCD
Write to LCD
City Control
Sun Control
Interrupts
Loop
LCD Layout
Schematic – Battery System
12V DCBattery
10uF
CinCap 10uF
CoutCap
Q2MOSFET-N
Q1MOSFET-N 300uH
L1
Inductor
1.6
RloadRes1 100K
RaRes1
400K
RbRes1
GND
GND
16Vref
15Vin+
14Output B
13 Vc
12Ground
11Output A
10Shutdown
9Compensation
8Soft Start
7Discharge
6Rt
5Ct
4Osc Output
3Sync
2N.I. Input
1Inv Input
PWM Chip
Header 3X2
8NC
7V+
6Output
5Balance
4V-
3N.I. Input
2Inv Input
1Balance
LF356
Header 3X2
VCC15
8uF
Cc
Cap
162.4nF
Cd
Cap
100
Rc
Res1
10K
RpotRPot
GND
3.9VD1
D Zener
GND
350
RdRes1
12.8K
Rt
Res1
1nF
Ct
Cap
GND
10uF
CsoftCap
GND
GND
2nF
C1
Cap
1nF
C2
Cap
VCC15
GND
8NC
7O\U\T\A\
6Vdd
5OUT B
4IN B
3GND
2IN A
1NC
Driver Chip TC428
Header 3X2
GND
VCC15
1nF
C3Cap
GND 1nF
C4
Cap
GND
1K
R1
Res1
1K
R2
Res1
Specifications – Battery System
Charge battery when excess power is available
Discharge battery when more power is needed to power city
Store excess power using 12V, 7Ah sealed lead-acid battery
Convert battery voltage to 5V city voltage using bi-directional Buck converter
Solar Panel Test ResultsPower vs. Voltage
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
0 5 10 15 20
Voltage (V)
Po
wer
(W)
Table
Close
Solar Converter Schematic
Buck Converter
Current-sensing feedback
Specifications - Solar Converter
• Max solar panel output power = 4 W at 15.5 V
• Duty cycle D = 0.3• Small resistor Rtest = 0.1Ω used to
determine current• Peak Power Tracker takes output
voltage of sub-tractor circuit• Compares output voltage with
previous voltage
Specifications – Hydro System
Pump water over turbine with sump pump
Generate power using Pittman GM9236 DC brush motor with gear ratio of 19.7:1
Convert output voltage of generator to city voltage using Buck converter
Schematic – LEDs
17
Rg1
8
Rg2
DgDgDg Dg Dg Dg Dg Dg
7.2
Ry1
DyDg Dg Dy
DyDg Dg Dg
5.8
Rr1
DgDg Dg Dg
DgDg Dg Dg
Dr
Dg Dr
Dg
2
31
S?SW-SPDT
2
31
S?SW-SPDT
2
31
S?SW-SPDT
8
Rg2
DgDg Dg Dg Dg Dg
17
Rg1
Dg Dw
2
31
S?SW-SPDT
1
Current Sensing Resistor
R
GND
GND GND GND
GND
Q?MOSFET-N
Q?MOSFET-N
Q?MOSFET-N
Q?MOSFET-N
OffSheet
OffSheetOffSheet
OffSheet
OffSheet
VCC
Schematic – Heating Element
1
Current Sensing Resistor
ROffSheet
Q?MOSFET-NOffSheet
Q?MOSFET-NOffSheet
Q?MOSFET-N
OffSheet
Q?MOSFET-N
OffSheet
GND
Implementation
Beginning to Implement
Division of Labor
SimBoulder Task Division
KevinCPU
Peak Power Tracker
Joel & AdamHydro System
Battery ConverterCity ConstructionPCB Construction
EricSolar
ConverterPeak Power
Tracker
JoeLoad Usage
Project Conclusion & Impact
Project Timeline
Project TimelineJoel & Adam
Hydro SystemBattery ConverterCity Construction
Purchase Motor/Generator (March 2)
Test Hydro System IV Characteristics (March 7)
Construct turbine and complete Hydro System Setup(March 20)
Full City Integration(April 17)
Purchase Battery (March 2)
Purchase City Construction Material(April 3)
Design and Construct City(April 10)
Design and Construct Converter w/ Voltage Feedback(March 20)
Design and Construct Converter, w/ current Feedback(March 15)
Project TimelineKevinCPU
Design Input and Output to CPU (March 2)
Get LCD Working(March 23)
Get Input Working (March 30)
Get Output Working and Complete Code for Output(April 6)
Complete Code for Input & Display(April 13)
Full City Integration(April 17)
Project TimelineEric
Solar Converter
Design Power Converters(March 2)
ConstructPower Converter(March 20)
Test Solar System Operation(April 9)
Full City Integration(April 17)
Project TimelineJoe
Load Usage
Test Load Usage for Heating Element & Transportation System (April 10)
Test LED’s & Electric Motor(March 27)
Design and Construct Heating Element & Transportation System(April 3)
Design and Construct LED’s & Electric Motor(March 20)
Full City Integration(April 17)
Project TimelineAdamPCB
Full City Integration(April 17)
Finalize schematic in Altium for PCB(March 5)
Send off schematic for PCB construction(March 12)
Revise and Resend update PCB schematic for construction(April 3)
Parts ListComponent Unit Price Quantity Total Cost10W Solar Cell (BSP-1012) $116 1 $116Sump Pump_(Grainger 3P640) $150 1 $150LEDs (SS564UAEC) (set of 12) $10 3 $30Legos XXL 2000 Barrel (#5491) $50 1 $50Wood and Nails $25 1 $25Generator Equipment $100 1 $100Converter components (R, C and L) $150 1 $150Relay_(Grainger 6C873) $10 1 $10Sterilite 66 qt. ClearView tub (4) $35 1 $35LCD Screen (CFAG12864BTMIV) $55 1 $55Development Board MSP430 $55 1 $55Current Sensors (CSLA2CD) $18 6 $1089V 250 mAh Rechargeable Battery $20 1 $20PCB Fabrication Costs $150 1 $150
Milestone 1•Construction of Hydro system Converter
•Construction of Battery Converter
•Solar Panel Converter
•LED and Electric Motor Construction
•First PCB submitted
Milestone 2
LCD working and code written
Heating elements and transportation built
Second PCB submitted (hopefully received)
Questions?