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ADAPTATION – MITIGATION SYNERGIES:
Connecting the Dots…
Shana Udvardy Climate Adaptation Policy Analyst
Resilience: prepare, plan, absorb, recover, adapt to actual or potential adverse events
Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing GHG emissions
Synergies: the mitigation – adaptation combined effect is greater than the sum of the effects if
implemented separately.
Climate Change Adaptation: informed by future projections
Hurricane Sandy, October 28, 2012 NASA Earth Observatory
• What we build -- where and how -- makes a difference.
• Ask the Climate Question:
• How will infrastructure, land use and policy decisions affect:
GHG emissions?
Resilience to climate change impacts?
• “PIE” framework - People, Infrastructure (Built & Natural) and Economy – to align integrated climate planning with policy and community priorities. 2
ASK THE CLIMATE QUESTION…
Economy
People
MITIGATE & ADAPT
3
“It’s like breathing and eating” –
we must reduce GHGs and adapt! ~ Ron Sims
former King County Executive & HUD Deputy Secretary
“Mitigation is part of our preparedness” ~ Lucile Sering
Secretary, Philippines Climate Change Commission
4
ADAPTATION / MITIGATION SYNERGIES (Urban Focus)
5
A CONTINUUM APPROACH
ADAPTATION
INTEGRATED
SOLUTIONS
MITIGATION
A M A M A + M
6
CONSIDER SYNERGIES AT ALL SCALES
Many opportunities to Ask the Climate Question
(and a variety of solutions exist):
Siting Design Planning Policies Investments
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Green Infrastructure: Mitigate urban heat and
stormwater
Building Weatherization: Improve energy efficiency & storm
resilience
Micro Grids & Distributed Renewables: low-carbon, resilient power systems
Elevate Subway Grates: Protect Low-Carbon Transit from
Flooding
Water Efficiency: Reduce Pumping Energy Use & Prepare for
Declining Supplies
ADAPTATION / MITIGATION SYNERGIES: SOME EXAMPLES...
8
CONNECTING THE DOTS: ASKING THE CLIMATE QUESTION
Mitigation Adaptation
Building Smart meters? Weatherized building?
Out of harms' way? Energy/water efficiency?
Community Renewable energy source? Retreat whole neighborhoods from Tsunami/flood prone areas?
City Transportation reduction goals? Flood plain ordinances in place? Building codes?
State Climate Action Plan? Climate Adaptation Plan?
Regional Regional Carbon Trading Program?
River basin management? Wildlife corridors?
National Legislation supports reneables? Legislation cuts carbon focused energy?
Funding supports hazard mitigation? Funding for climate modeling?
Global Benchmarks to reduce GHGs? Benchmarks and standards established on how to rebuild more resilient?
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ENERGY SECTOR: CHP SYSTEMS & RESILIENCE
10
GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS – AFTER SANDY
Connecting the “A&M Dots” An Approach & Process…
Energy & Water efficiency included?
Setting new building codes?
Sustainable Green Building
A&M
A M
Connecting the “A&M Dots” An Approach & Process…
Sustainable Transportation
A&M
TOD?
M
A Resilient Culvert & Bridge Design?
Setting new building codes?
Sustainable Green Building
A&M
A M
Energy & Water efficiency included?
13
Connecting the “A&M Dots” An Approach & Process…
Investing in Renewables?
Resilient Grid? A&M M
A
Resilient, sustainable
energy
Setting new building codes?
Sustainable Green Building
A&M
A M
Sustainable Transportation
A&M
TOD?
M
A Resilient Culvert & Bridge Design?
Energy & Water efficiency included?
14
(1) Avoiding trade-offs—when
designing policies for mitigation or
adaptation
(2) Identifying synergies
(3) Enhancing response capacity
(4) Developing institutional links
between adaptation and mitigation
(5) Mainstreaming adaptation and
mitigation considerations into broader sustainable
development policies
CONNECTING THE DOTS (SWART & RAES, 2007)
CONCLUSION: TOWARD INTEGRATED CLIMATE STRATEGIES
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Ask both parts of the Climate Question: M A
and A M (2 sides of same climate coin)
Envision Present & Future Concurrently
Establish an “A&M” Approach & Process:
Connecting the “A&M dots” is not an end state, but it
is an approach & a process.
Connecting the “A&M dots”: policies, partnerships
(e.g. P3), funding, cross-sector planning, mapping
hazards/vulnerabilites & win-win practices.
“Follow the $”: assessing damages, cost-benefit
analysis: cost of doing nothing vs. assessing benefits of
adapting/mitigating; leverage multiple funding sources.
Consider synergies at multiple scales & sectors
(building, community, regional, etc)
Be strategic and opportunistic
THANK YOU
For more information,
please visit us at
www.ccap.org
Shana Udvardy Climate Adaptation Policy Analyst
Steve Winkelman Director, Transportation and Adaptation Programs