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BRR Institute

ADDRESSING CONFLICT AND FRAGILITY IN POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA: LEARNING FROM ACEH-NIAS 13 March 2013

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WHY WE ARE HERE

• September 2000: Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) diluncurkan • 2015: MDGs selesai

• 31 Juli 2012: Sekjen PBB membentuk High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on Post-2015 Development Agenda (HLPEP)

Penghapusan Kemiskinan

Pendidikan Kesetaraan Gender

Pengurangan Mortalitas

Anak

Kesehatan Ibu

HIV/AIDS, Malaria, dan

Penyakit Menular

Kelestarian Lingkungan

Kemitraan Global

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HIGH-LEVEL PANEL OF EMINENT PERSONS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

Executive Secretary

3 Co-Chairs + 24 members

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HLPEP PANELISTS

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Sektor Publik (17)

Ratu Rania Al Abdullah, Yordania

Horst Kohler, Mantan Presiden, Jerman

Naoto Kan, Mantan Perdana Menteri, Jepang

Sung-Hwan Kim, Menteri Luar Negeri, Korsel

Maria Holguin, Menteri Luar Negeri, Kolombia

Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Menteri Keuangan, Nigeria

Gunilla Carlsson, Menteri Kerjasama Int’l, Swedia

Emilia Pires, Menteri Keuangan, Timor Leste

Elvira Nabiullina, Penasihat Presiden, Rusia

Patricia Espinosa, Menteri Luar Negeri, Meksiko

Andris Piebalgs, Eks-Menteri Luar Negeri, Latvia

Kadir Topbas, Walikota Istanbul , Turki

Fulbert Gero Amoussouga, Kepala Unit Analisis Presiden bidang Ekonomi, Benin

Yingfan Wang, Mantan Wamen Luar Negeri, Cina

Izabella Teixera, Menteri Lingkungan Hidup, Brazil

Gisela Alonso, Kepala Badan Lingkungan, Kuba

Amina Mohammed, Penasihat Sekjen PBB

Masyarakat Sipil (4)

Graça Machel, aktivis HAM, Afrika Selatan

Tawakel Karman, Jurnalis, Yemen

John Podesta, Center for American Progress, AS

Abhijit Banerjee, Profesor, MIT

Sektor Swasta (3)

Paul Polman, CEO Unilever

JM Severino, CEO of Investisseurs & Partenaires

Betty Maina, Kepala Asosiasi Produsen Kenya

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WHAT HLPEP HAS TO DELIVER

• the global challenges of the 21st century; • building up on the MDGs; • with a view to ending poverty.

• global partnership for development; • strengthened accountability mechanisms.

• an ambitious yet achievable agenda; • economic growth, social equality and environmental

sustainability; • challenges of countries in conflict and post-conflict situations.

Visi dan bentuk

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Prinsip kemitraan & akuntabilitas

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Konsensus politik

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Menyampaikan rekomendasi kepada Sekjen PBB untuk Agenda Pembangunan Pasca-2015:

Sumber: TOR HLPEP DISASTER AND FRAGILITY ARE ON TOP OF THE AGENDA

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Agency for the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of

Aceh and Nias (2005-2009)

IMAGINE HALF A MILLION PEOPLE LIVED HERE BEFORE THE 30-FEET HIGH TSUNAMI STRUCK… …ALMOST EVERYTHING TORN DOWN TO GROUND LEVEL!

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UNPRECEDENTED DAMAGE ALONG ACEH-NIAS

800 km x 1-6 km

destroyed!

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Dili Darwin

720 km

Singapore coastline

193 km

120.000 Houses destroyed

70.000 Houses damaged

22 Sea ports

120 Bridges

2.618 km Roads

669 Government buildings

3.415 School buildings

517 Health centers

20.000 ha Fish ponds

73.869 ha Agriculture land

104.500 SMEs

167.228 Students lost their schools

1.927 Teachers died

Damage assessment

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ACEH HAD HISTORY OF CONFLICTS

CORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEX (2004)

Indonesia was

in Top 10 Corrupt Nations

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TOTAL OF ~12,500 PROJECTS INVOLVED IN A YEAR

Government budget

• ~1500 projects • ~6000 projects • ~5000 projects

Donor ~ 55 countries NGO ~ 900 organizations

BRR AGENCY (7.2 BILLION USD)

Implement & coordinate Coordinate

S S M M M L L M L L L S S S S M M M

Reconstruction actors

M S S S M S

Contractor Supplier Consultant Local govt (dinas) NGOs

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SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS ON ALL ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY LIFE

Damage/Needs Progress (April 2009)

New house 139,195 unit 140,304 unit

Agricultural land 73,869 ha 69,979 ha

Road 2,618 km 3,696 km

Seaport 22 23

Airport/airstrip 8 13

Teacher 1,927 died 39,663 attended training

School 3,415 unit 1,759 unit

Health facility 517 unit 1,115 unit

Religious facility 1,089 unit 3,781 unit

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December 2005 June 2007 December 2005 June 2007

HIGH FLEXIBILITY TO SUPPORT FAST DECISION-MAKING

LESSON 1: CONTEXTUALLY RELEVANT PROCESS IS NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE QUALITY RESULTS

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LESSON 2: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IS KEY TO SUSTAINABLE OUTCOME

Village planning ~ community participation

at its best

15 PLANTATION PROGRAM FOR FORMER COMBATANT TSUNAMI SURVIVORS

LESSON 3: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINS PEACE RESOLUTIONS

The historic peace agreement

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Peace agreement between Government of Indonesia and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka – Helsinki, 15 August 2005

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BEFORE AFTER

LESSON 4: INVESTMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCES IS AS IMPORTANT AS INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE

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Committed Damage assessment

Build Back Better

Pledged

Total Fund USD Billion

LESSON 5: TRUST IS AT THE UTMOST IMPORTANCE

0.5 6.77,2

4.5

7.1 7.2

93% (during

operation)

102% by the end of operation

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ASSETS MANAGEMENT IS DONE FULLY ACCOUNTABLY WITH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

FROM THE CONVENTIONAL ASSET INVENTORY SYSTEM... …TO A HIGHLY ACCURATE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM!

GPS coordinate

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CONTEXT OF THE 4TH HLPEP MEETING IN BALI

31 Jul: Pengumuman TOR dan Panel 2012

29 Ags: Videoconference Co-Chairs

25 Sep: Pertemuan I (New York)

1 Nov: Pertemuan II (London)

1 Feb: Pertemuan III (Monrovia)

25-27 Maret 2013: Pertemuan IV (Bali)

Mei: Pertemuan V / Penyerahan Rekomendasi kepada Sekjen PBB (New York)

2013

Sep 2013: laporan Sekjen PBB kepada Sidang Umum PBB

21 Sep: Pembentukan Komnas • Pertemuan substantif terakhir (London: household poverty and human development, Monrovia: national building blocks for sustained prosperity)

• Tujuan umum: mencapai konsensus akan elemen-elemen laporan rekomendasi HLPEP yang akan diserahkan kepada Sekjen PBB pada Mei 2013

• Tujuan khusus: 1. Mendefinisikan global partnership dalam Agenda

Pembangunan Pasca-2015 2. Mendorong usaha bersama untuk sustainable

development dalam konteks global partnership

Tema: Global Partnership and Means of Implementation

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STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION DAY: BALI, 25 MARCH 2013

Convener: Kemitraan, INFID, CSO Asia Working Group Catatan: termasuk kelompok Perempuan

Convener: Indonesian Future Leaders, ARROW, UNFPA Youth Advocate

Convener: Indonesia Global Compact Network, Unilever

Convener: DPR RI, UN Millennium Campaign

Convener: SBM-ITB, IIASA, Surya University

CSO (100 orang) Pemuda (100) Swasta (100)

Convener: Kantor Utsus Presiden RI untuk MDGs

Sektor Publik (168) Parlemen (150) Akademisi (100)

Please connect with conveners of your group