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ADS-B UpdatesAviation Electronics EuropeMunich, April 2016
Johan MartenssonEUROCONTROL Surveillance Modernisation
17 April 2016
Content
Overview Ground ADS-B OUT Implementation Airborne ADS-B OUT Implementation Regulation status ADS-B IN status Future Evolution
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Surveillance Application Baseline Overview
ADS-B Ground Surveillance (ADS-B Out, via Ground stations or Space)In Non-Radar Airspace (ADS-B NRA)In Radar Airspace (ADS-B RAD)Airport Surveillance (ADS-B APT)Aircraft Derived Data (ADS-B ADD)
Multilateration (MLAT / LAM / WAM) SurveillanceAirspace SurveillanceAirport Surveillance
ADS-B Airborne Surveillance (ADS-B In)Enhanced Traffic awareness for Flight ops (AIRB)Enhanced Traffic awareness for Surface ops (SURF & [SURF IA]) In Trail Procedure (ITP)Visual separation on Approach (VSA & CAVS)Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts (TSAA)Spacing - Interval Management (IM)
Primary Surveillance (PSR / [MSPSR] / Airport SMR)
SSR Mode S Elementary Surveillance (ELS) Enhanced Surveillance (EHS)
ADS-C Surveillance
SSR Surveillance (Mode A/C)
GR
OU
ND
AIR
BOR
NE
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LegendADS-Bcurrent equipageADS-B updated avionics WAM with ADS-B capabilitiesADS-B and WAM Opportunities
DatesSystem DeploymentD = DeployedO = Operational
ADS-B & WAM Implementation
Space based ADS-B
1 Albania2 Armenia3 Austria4 Azerbaijan5 Bulgaria6 Croatia7 Cyprus8 Czech Republic9 Denmark
10 Estonia11 Finland12 France13 Georgia14 Germany15 Greece16 Iceland17 Ireland18 Italy19 Latvia20 Malta21 Netherlands22 Norway23 Poland24 Portugal25 Romania26 Slovak republic27 Spain28 Sweden29 Turkey30 UK31 Ukraine+ All other continents
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Space based ADS-B
Global coverage of ADS-B Out Several studies One consortium (Aireon) starting satellite deployment
66 LEO satellites (Iridium NEXT)
Full constellation 2017 Initial operations 2018
Mainly in low density airspace ATM Impact – key elements
Feasibility Business Case
Surveillance Data Processing
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Data Fusion Systems supportexisting surveillance technologies
More than 20 years of ARTAS evolution • Surveillance technology upgrades• Performance (capacity) doubled• Platform cost divided by 70 • More than 2.000.000 hrs in field service
ARTAS: ATM Surveillance Tracker and Server
PSR / SSR / Mode S WAM / ADS-BADS-BADS-C
ARTAS Implementation Status in Europe
Sensors
Surveillance Data Processing
Controller Working Position
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ADS-
B IN
Voluntary Implementation
Avionics: ADS-B IN: ASA MOPS ED-194A/DO-317B (AC20-172B, (E)TSO-195A/B)ADS-B OUT: EASA AMC20-24, EASA CS-ACNS, AC20-165B, CAO20.18
GR
OU
ND
SY
STEM
S
WAM / ADS-B Ground system Implementation
ADS-B & WAM Implementation in EuropeAD
S-B
OU
T &
Mod
e S
Voluntary ADS-B Local Mode S mandates
IR based implementation
Avionics:ADS-B OUT: EASA AMC20-24Mode S ELS: JAA TGL 13Mode S EHS: EASA AMC20-13
Avionics: EASA CS-ACNS
NOTE: New ADS-B requirements compared to AMC-20-24
EU Regulation 1207/2011(+1028/2014)
Most efficient surveillance mix for the particular environment should be chosen
June 2020ADS-B & EHS
Ret.
Jan 2015ELS Fwd.
Dec 2017ELS Ret.
June 2016ADS-B & EHS
Fwd.
All IFR
IFR >5.7t, 250kt
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EU Regulations
European Commission Single European SkySurveillance Performance & Interoperability
Implementing Rule(SPI IR)
● All aircraft flying IFR/GAT● Mode S ELS
● Aircraft flying IFR/GAT >5700 kg or >250kts TAS ● ADS-B Out v2 & Mode S EHS
Mandate dates ● ELS
Forward fit Jan 2015Retrofit Dec 2017
● EHS and ADS-B Forward Fit June 2016Retrofit June 2020
● Provisions for State a/c
SPI IR step 2 amendment is ongoing (incl. GA)
SPI IR (1207/2011 and 1028/2014)
ELS: Elementary SurveillanceEHS: Enhanced Surveillance
EU Regulation (1207/2011) step 2 amendment
SPI IR second amendment process ongoing (by EASA) Full Impact Assessment Address identified concerns, such as
Mixed traffic issues Cost and Benefit aspects Exemptions etc…
Planning Mid 2017: Notice of Proposed Amendment (NPA) Mid 2018: Opinion Mid 2019: Decision
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EASA AMC 20-24
Legacy ADS-B Out installations are generally compliant to AMC20-24Short term implementation in low density airspace
ADS-B Out certification baselines
EASA CS-ACNS
Compliance means for EU Regulation 1207/2011 Avionics upgrade required: Mode S ELS/EHS & ADS-B v2Support high density surveillance
Non-European ADS-B Out Airworthiness compliance requirements
USA FAA: AC20-165BAustralia CASA: Configuration standards in Appendix XI of CAO 20.18
ADS-B Out operations currently in Europe: Iceland, Norway, Portugal Other: Australia, Canada, S.E. Asia etc.
Key components for (initial) ADS-B Out operations
Regulatory measures e.g. ICAO Doc 7030 (NAT, Asia/Pacific), operator responsibility, assurance based on certification baselines (or similar)
An Aircraft is eligible for ADS-B based Air Traffic Services when transmitting “good” ADS-B quality
Applicable to any ADS-B Out version
Local performance monitoring
Exclusion lists are used (regional coordination)12
Current ADS-B Out operations
General Aviation Surveillance Equipment
Multiple operational needs: Enabling surveillance infrastructure modernisation & rationalisation Conflict avoidance for aircraft not subject to ATC Airspace infringement detection and mitigation …
Considerations for Suitable Surveillance Equipment for General Aviation Performance at the right level Interoperability Functionality –> user benefits Life cycle Cost (Certification, Components, Installation, Maintenance)
Build on available material (e.g. FAA TSO-C199 TABS)
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Performance Monitoring of Avionics (e.g. Transponder, Altimeter) Ground systems (sensors, data fusion) Data link
Monitoring Methods & Tools e.g. SASS-C, RF, RVSM HMU
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Airborne Monitoring
ADS-B equipped a/c over Paris:ADS-B (of total Mode S): ~70%ADS-B versions (of total ADS-B):
v0 (ED102/DO260) : ~73%v1 (DO260A): ~13%v2 (ED102A/DO260B): ~14%
Avionics monitoring activities includes• Aircraft equipage support
• Flight test etc.• Fleet analysis (e.g. equipage rates)• Anomalies
• Design• Installation (e.g. 24-bit, config)• Operational (e.g. ACID, Trp op)
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ATSAW: Airborne Traffic Situational Awareness
20 000+ ATSAW flights Deployment of ATSAW on revenue aircraft Large stakeholder participation
Project: 6 Airlines and 2 ANSPs Several other airlines have also equipped
Integrated display system EFB Class 3
ADS-B IN / ATSAW operational since 2012
ADS-B IN / ATSAW pioneer project Conclusions
Initial ADS-B In applications (ATSAW) are deployed Operationally and technically acceptable
AIRB and ITP (over North Atlantic) are capable of: a) Saving up to 33,000 Kg fuel per aircraft annually b) Reducing carbon dioxide emissions by up to 73,000 tonnes annually
Large variation in financial benefits Function of aircraft type, traffic density, and separation minima
Benefits estimated in 5 minutes separation minima environmentSubstantially higher Benefits in larger separation environments
More than half of the benefits are attributed to AIRB alone
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ABS-B IN Overview Traffic Situation Awareness
AIRB – Traffic Situation Awareness for Flight operations SURF – Traffic Situation Awareness for Surface operations
Traffic Awareness and Alerting TSAA – Traffic Situation Awareness with Alerts
ADS-B based conflict avoidance system for aircraft without ACAS II At the “traffic advisory” level, i.e. no coordination or resolution advisories
SURF IA – Traffic Situation Awareness for Surface ops with Indications and Alerts
Optimised Flight Profiles in Remote Airspace ITP – In-Trail Procedures
Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach VSA – Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach
Support Visual contact and continued operation CAVS – CDTI Assisted Visual Separation on Approach
After initial visual contact the Display may replace the visual contact Two level of Range Alerts (Advisory and Caution)
Spacing / Interval Management (IM) IM – Interval Management (FIM – Flight Deck Interval Management)
Speed guidance to achieve precise interval spacing between aircraft
ADS-B IN Applications per Phase of Flight
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AIRB
SURF IA
SURF
CAVS
VSA
TSAA (on-board non-ACAS a/c only)
IM
SURF IA
SURF
ITP RMT AS
Global Harmonisation
More than a decade of intensive international co-operation Australia, Canada, Europe, USA, ICAO etc. ANSPs/Airspace Users/Industry/Regulators
Common Standards for all applications and systems
Aligned Certification material
Exchange of functional performance assessment results
Great contribution to global interoperability and efficiency
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Surveillance Evolution
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Performance Based Surveillance progressively integrating new technologies and supporting evolving operational applications (ground and airborne), with Global Gate-to-Gate Seamless Coverage, Cost & Spectrum Efficiency and Global Interoperability
ADS-B
Medium & High DensityAirspace
WAM or Mode S
Low DensityAirspace
Future proof avionics: SPI IR + Voluntary
Multisensor Data fusion
Continuous Perform
ance Monitoring
Ground SUR applications
Airborne SUR applications
InteroperableSUR Data INCS where req’d
SPI IR: SUR Performance and Interoperability Implementing RuleINCS: Independent Non-Cooperative Surveillance (e.g. Multistatic PSR)
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Operational needs• Global Coverage (reduced separation)• Increasing nbr of a/c (e.g. RPAS) & users• New applications (ASAS, Met, Intent)• Rationalisation (cost & spectrum)
Innovations• Integration (within CNS & with ACAS)• Performance-based Surveillance• Space based ADS-B (IOC 2018) • High capacity 1090 datalink (+300%) • New ADDs e.g. Met, intent• Independent non-cooperative SUR• Low-cost avionics for GA & RPAS Infra
Apps
Performance Improvements
Full CoverageQualitySafetyCapacity Cost-effectivenessFlight efficiencyFuel savingsSpectrum efficiencyCO2 reductionInteroperability MonitoringFuture growth
Infra
Apps
Future SURCurrent SUR
Drivers for Future Surveillance Evolution
SESAR ProgrammeSUR perspective
SESAR Joint Undertaking (SJU) Emphasis on R&D Input to deployment
SESAR 1 (->2016) WP9: Avionics WP15: Ground CNS Other WPs on SUR applications
SESAR 2020 (2016->2024) Call for tender process ongoing Several projects with SUR interest (Infrastructure and applications)
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