After the WarAfter the War

Between 1940 and 44: British Between 1940 and 44: British Immigration policy toward Jews Immigration policy toward Jews

to Palestineto Palestine Planned to create two states based Planned to create two states based

on population.on population. Limited Jewish immigration to Limited Jewish immigration to

75,000, in effect shrinking the size of 75,000, in effect shrinking the size of future Jewish state.future Jewish state.

Britain an U.S. developing Iranian Britain an U.S. developing Iranian and Saudi oil fields. and Saudi oil fields.

In U.S. anti-Semitism was In U.S. anti-Semitism was rampantrampant

Zionism was associated with socialism, Zionism was associated with socialism, thus communism and Russia.thus communism and Russia.

There were Jews in important positions There were Jews in important positions in labor unions, associated with in labor unions, associated with communists and anarchists.communists and anarchists.

After WWII, the Rosenberg’s were After WWII, the Rosenberg’s were convicted and executed for selling convicted and executed for selling nuclear secrets to Soviets, somewhat nuclear secrets to Soviets, somewhat controversial.controversial.

Mandate to Palestine turned Mandate to Palestine turned over to the U.N.over to the U.N.

Created the state of Israel, Palestine, with Created the state of Israel, Palestine, with an internationally administered city-state an internationally administered city-state of Jerusalem, with equal rights of Jerusalem, with equal rights guaranteed.guaranteed.

People were allowed to choose their People were allowed to choose their citizenship, so Arabs could remain within citizenship, so Arabs could remain within Israel and be guaranteed equal rights.Israel and be guaranteed equal rights.

Israel created by U.N. in 1948, Arab Israel created by U.N. in 1948, Arab nations immediately attacked. Israel won, nations immediately attacked. Israel won, took more land.took more land.

Many Arabs fled the new Israel, Many Arabs fled the new Israel, rumors spread that massacres rumors spread that massacres

were occurringwere occurring

Palestinian refugees 1940Palestinian refugees 1940

Right of ReturnRight of Return

In 1948 the UN General Assembly passed In 1948 the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 194 on the Question of Resolution 194 on the Question of Palestine, which "resolves that refugees Palestine, which "resolves that refugees wishing to return to their homes and live wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbors should be at peace with their neighbors should be permitted to do so at the earliest permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return..."choosing not to return..."

Liberation Movement Spread Liberation Movement Spread World Wide, with Soviet Union World Wide, with Soviet Union supporting any anti-imperialist supporting any anti-imperialist

groups.groups. Soviet Union solidified control of Soviet Union solidified control of

Eastern Europe, the Caucuses, and Eastern Europe, the Caucuses, and Southern “-stans” on border.Southern “-stans” on border.

Soviet Union attempted to spread Soviet Union attempted to spread communism to any and all of the communism to any and all of the newly independent countries, many newly independent countries, many who favored any non Western power who favored any non Western power and socialist tendencies. (anti and socialist tendencies. (anti Capitalists)Capitalists)

Containment PolicyContainment Policy

Truman and Eisenhower developed Truman and Eisenhower developed foreign policy that wherever the foreign policy that wherever the Soviets went, we need to contain Soviets went, we need to contain them.them.

The anti-domino theory.The anti-domino theory.

Cold war mapCold war map

Other “liberation movement in Other “liberation movement in 40-60s40-60s

Iraq from Britain 1958, overthrown by Ba’ath Iraq from Britain 1958, overthrown by Ba’ath party ’62, Saddam ‘79party ’62, Saddam ‘79

Algeria From French 1962, series of dictatorsAlgeria From French 1962, series of dictators Namibia first from Britain then from South Namibia first from Britain then from South

Africa 1989Africa 1989 India from Britain, then Partition of India and India from Britain, then Partition of India and

Pakistan. 1947Pakistan. 1947 Vietnam from French 1954 (Japan during Vietnam from French 1954 (Japan during

WWII) WWII) HO Chi Minh supported by fellow communist S.U. and China independence in HO Chi Minh supported by fellow communist S.U. and China independence in

NorthNorth U.S. tried to prop up government in South through 1972 (Kennedy, Johnson, U.S. tried to prop up government in South through 1972 (Kennedy, Johnson,

Nixon) 56,000 Americans diedNixon) 56,000 Americans died

Post War IndependencePost War Independence

China: civil war after Japanese 1949. China: civil war after Japanese 1949. Taiwan established by NationalistTaiwan established by Nationalist

Korea: civil war after Japanese Korea: civil war after Japanese occupation (1905-10). Chinese occupation (1905-10). Chinese supported communists in North under supported communists in North under Kim il Sung 1948, then taken over by Kim il Sung 1948, then taken over by son Kim Jong il 1997.son Kim Jong il 1997. U.S. supported “democracy” in South in U.S. supported “democracy” in South in

Korean war 1950-1953Korean war 1950-1953

IndependenceIndependence

Egypt: 1953 from Britain (King Faruk Egypt: 1953 from Britain (King Faruk (1921), Britain’s guy overthrown), (1921), Britain’s guy overthrown), General Abdul Nasser. Biggest Arab General Abdul Nasser. Biggest Arab state. Sadat from him, killed after state. Sadat from him, killed after Camp David Peace, Mubarak ever Camp David Peace, Mubarak ever since. Totalitarian government, no since. Totalitarian government, no dissent.dissent.

RealignmentRealignment

Congo (Zaire) from Belgum1960.Congo (Zaire) from Belgum1960. Democratically elected, left-leaning Democratically elected, left-leaning

Patrice Lumumba deposed with help of Patrice Lumumba deposed with help of U.S. and Belgian, and U.S. economic U.S. and Belgian, and U.S. economic players (mining, rubber etc.) replaced by players (mining, rubber etc.) replaced by military dictator Mobuto. military dictator Mobuto. Horrible human rights violationsHorrible human rights violations Repressive regimeRepressive regime Anti communist.Anti communist.

RealignmentRealignment

Uganda (Amin vs. Obote)Uganda (Amin vs. Obote) Rwanda 1962 from Belgium, Hutus establish Rwanda 1962 from Belgium, Hutus establish

political power at expense of former political power at expense of former power/tribe Tutsis, leading to future power/tribe Tutsis, leading to future genocide .genocide .

Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) from Britain (1901 as Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) from Britain (1901 as white Rhodesia) Mugabe since 1980.white Rhodesia) Mugabe since 1980.

Communist Cuba from oligarchs 1959.Communist Cuba from oligarchs 1959. PPalestinianalestinian L Liberation iberation OOrganization (PLO) rganization (PLO)

1965. after 1967 War when Israel took rest of 1965. after 1967 War when Israel took rest of West Bank Gaza and Sinai peninsula PLO West Bank Gaza and Sinai peninsula PLO stepped up operations.stepped up operations.

Republic of Ireland formed in 1919 Republic of Ireland formed in 1919 from Britain, although Britain from Britain, although Britain maintained control of Protestant maintained control of Protestant dominated Northern Ireland.dominated Northern Ireland.

Recently, the British have agreed to Recently, the British have agreed to pull out police and turn over control pull out police and turn over control to a coalition of Catholics and to a coalition of Catholics and Protestants…uh oh.Protestants…uh oh.

Israel Israel

Arab countries (Egypt, Jordan, Syria,) Arab countries (Egypt, Jordan, Syria,) (sometimes Lebanon, Iraq) attack in 48, (sometimes Lebanon, Iraq) attack in 48, 54, 67, 72.54, 67, 72.

Israel took more land every timeIsrael took more land every time After 67 War took the West Bank of the After 67 War took the West Bank of the

Jordan river from Jordan, this was to Jordan river from Jordan, this was to have been Palestine, Gaza and Sinai.have been Palestine, Gaza and Sinai.

After 72 War, Arab oil embargo After 72 War, Arab oil embargo paralyzed U.S. for support of Israel. paralyzed U.S. for support of Israel.

Six Day War 1967Six Day War 1967

Israel implements plans to take water from Israel implements plans to take water from Sea of Galilee to irrigate Israeli farms.Sea of Galilee to irrigate Israeli farms.

Egypt, Jordan, Syria amass troops on Egypt, Jordan, Syria amass troops on border.border.

Israel strikes preemptively winning in six Israel strikes preemptively winning in six days, takes West Bank from Jordan, Sinai days, takes West Bank from Jordan, Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, Golan Heights from Peninsula from Egypt, Golan Heights from Syria.Syria.

Israel of 1967Israel of 1967

DemographicsDemographics

If Israel would choose to do so, they would If Israel would choose to do so, they would cease being a Jewish state.cease being a Jewish state.

There are currently about There are currently about 6 million Jews6 million Jews in Israel and in Israel and 8 to 9 Million Palestinians8 to 9 Million Palestinians who might make claims, about who might make claims, about 2 million 2 million Arab MuslimsArab Muslims who live in Israel currently. who live in Israel currently.

This demographic problem is the same This demographic problem is the same when Israel considers incorporating the when Israel considers incorporating the “occupied territories” of the West Bank, “occupied territories” of the West Bank, Jews would then be a minority by 2020.Jews would then be a minority by 2020.

PLOPLO

PLO formed in 1965 to resist Israel and its PLO formed in 1965 to resist Israel and its occupation of what the considered Arab land.occupation of what the considered Arab land.

Led by Yasser ArafatLed by Yasser Arafat Believed and used armed rebellion and Believed and used armed rebellion and

attacks against civilian populations, attacks against civilian populations, hijackings and suicide bombings.hijackings and suicide bombings.

Successful in that most Americans had never Successful in that most Americans had never heard of Palestinians and got their cause in heard of Palestinians and got their cause in the paper.the paper.

Arafat Spokesman for 30 Arafat Spokesman for 30 YearsYears

PLOPLO

Black SeptemberBlack September: : Palestinian Palestinian group tried to orchestrate a coup in group tried to orchestrate a coup in Jordan where they had been give Jordan where they had been give refuge. Moved to Lebanon.refuge. Moved to Lebanon.

PLOPLO orchestrated many hijackings orchestrated many hijackings and bombings in Europe to bring and bombings in Europe to bring attention to their cause.attention to their cause.

Hijacked Achilles Laro: threw Hijacked Achilles Laro: threw Jewish man in wheel chair Jewish man in wheel chair

overboardoverboard

PLOPLO 1972 Munich Olympics1972 Munich Olympics: led attack on : led attack on

Israeli Olympic team killing 6.Israeli Olympic team killing 6.

Palestinians moved to Algeria and Palestinians moved to Algeria and marginalized. Arafat still considered marginalized. Arafat still considered spokesman of Palestinians.spokesman of Palestinians. Not a fundamentalist. In fact, married to Not a fundamentalist. In fact, married to

a Christian woman.a Christian woman.

1973 Arab Oil embargo1973 Arab Oil embargo

Arab oil embargo in response to U.S. Arab oil embargo in response to U.S. support of Israel in the Yon Kippur support of Israel in the Yon Kippur war (’72): brought Western world to war (’72): brought Western world to its knees, OPEC asserts its power its knees, OPEC asserts its power weakening Israel.weakening Israel.

1977 Camp David Accords1977 Camp David Accords

Jimmy Carter facilitates a peace Jimmy Carter facilitates a peace agreement between Egypt and Israel.agreement between Egypt and Israel.

Israel returns Sinai to Egypt in Israel returns Sinai to Egypt in exchange for recognition. Anwar exchange for recognition. Anwar Sadat is President of Egypt. Sadat is President of Egypt.

AssassinationsAssassinations

Sadat is assassinatedSadat is assassinated by the by the Muslim Brotherhood: Hosni Mubarak Muslim Brotherhood: Hosni Mubarak takes over, current President “for takes over, current President “for life.”life.”

Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated for Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated for signing the Oslo Accords, another signing the Oslo Accords, another attempt at Peace orchestrated by attempt at Peace orchestrated by Clinton, by radical Jewish settler.Clinton, by radical Jewish settler.

After Camp DavidAfter Camp David

19791979

Ayatollah Khomeni leads revolution Ayatollah Khomeni leads revolution over U.S. back Shah Pahlavi. American over U.S. back Shah Pahlavi. American diplomats held hostage. (Also, U.S. diplomats held hostage. (Also, U.S. had deposed an elected leader to had deposed an elected leader to reinstall Pahlavi in 52)reinstall Pahlavi in 52)

Saddam Hussein stages coup in IraqSaddam Hussein stages coup in Iraq Saddam Hussein attacks Iran over Saddam Hussein attacks Iran over

Basra, with U.S. backing.Basra, with U.S. backing. Soviet Union invades AfghanistanSoviet Union invades Afghanistan

IRAN ContraIRAN Contra

Communist take over in Nicaraqua: Communist take over in Nicaraqua: U.S. backs ContrasU.S. backs Contras

Congress makes funding Contras Congress makes funding Contras illegalillegal

Some believe Reagan made deal Some believe Reagan made deal with Iran to keep hostages until after with Iran to keep hostages until after the election, and then he’d sell them the election, and then he’d sell them arms.arms.

Ollie North and Fawn HallOllie North and Fawn Hall

After Reagan elected, North, advisor After Reagan elected, North, advisor to Reagan) convicted of using Israel to Reagan) convicted of using Israel as conduit for American arms to Iran as conduit for American arms to Iran (to fight Iraq who has just invaded).(to fight Iraq who has just invaded).

He then took the profits from the He then took the profits from the arms sale to Iran and, illegally, gave arms sale to Iran and, illegally, gave it to the contras to fight the it to the contras to fight the communists.communists.

Ollie And FawnOllie And Fawn

Ollie and FawnOllie and Fawn

19791979

Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, the U.S. supports and trains Pashtun the U.S. supports and trains Pashtun tribes to fight the Soviets.tribes to fight the Soviets.

The Soviets withdraw, many believe The Soviets withdraw, many believe this humiliation of the “Red Army” this humiliation of the “Red Army” led to the Fall of the Soviet Union.led to the Fall of the Soviet Union.

19821982

PLO moves to south Lebanon, a PLO moves to south Lebanon, a Shiite populated area on Israel Shiite populated area on Israel border, launches attacks.border, launches attacks.

Israel invades southern Lebanon and Israel invades southern Lebanon and occupies it, causing a great deal of occupies it, causing a great deal of civil unrest and destruction.civil unrest and destruction.

PLO expelled.PLO expelled.

Sabra and Shatila massacreSabra and Shatila massacre by Phalangist militia backed by Phalangist militia backed

by Israelby Israel

Iran and Iraq fight bloody war Iran and Iraq fight bloody war throughout the 80s.throughout the 80s.

IraqIraq

"One of those messages, delivered in "One of those messages, delivered in late July by U.S. Ambassador April late July by U.S. Ambassador April Glaspie to Saddam in a private Glaspie to Saddam in a private meeting, said that the United States meeting, said that the United States did not take a position ''on Arab-Arab'' did not take a position ''on Arab-Arab'' disputes. Saddam understood that to disputes. Saddam understood that to mean that the United States would not mean that the United States would not react to his invasion of Kuwait." react to his invasion of Kuwait."

UPI reported on Novermber 9, 1990UPI reported on Novermber 9, 1990

IntifadaIntifada

A spontaneous uprising of Palestinians A spontaneous uprising of Palestinians youth, who basically through rocks at youth, who basically through rocks at Israeli tanks in the West Bank.Israeli tanks in the West Bank.

This marks the beginning of a turn in world This marks the beginning of a turn in world opinion against Israel.opinion against Israel.

A 2A 2ndnd Intifada arose after Ariel Sharon, Intifada arose after Ariel Sharon, Israeli military leader who invaded Israeli military leader who invaded Lebanon, and then Prime Minister, Spoke Lebanon, and then Prime Minister, Spoke at Al Aqa, the Temple mount.at Al Aqa, the Temple mount.

Intifada ’87 then again in 2000, Intifada ’87 then again in 2000, after Sharon spoke at Al Axaafter Sharon spoke at Al Axa

The SettlementsThe Settlements

Israel has encouraged the development of Israel has encouraged the development of suburban type neighborhoods in the West suburban type neighborhoods in the West Bank. Current about 400k Jews live in these Bank. Current about 400k Jews live in these settlements in the West Bank and East settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.Jerusalem. Fueled by some who believe it is a religious right.Fueled by some who believe it is a religious right. Others were offered low interest loans and it was Others were offered low interest loans and it was

a way for Israel to begin to secure sovereignty a way for Israel to begin to secure sovereignty and to provide places to live for new immigrants and to provide places to live for new immigrants from the Soviet Union and other places.from the Soviet Union and other places.

Demographic IssuesDemographic Issues

.. There are currently about 6 million Jews in There are currently about 6 million Jews in

Israel and 8 to 9 Million Palestinians who Israel and 8 to 9 Million Palestinians who might make claims to “return.” might make claims to “return.” 2 million Arab Muslims already live in Israel 2 million Arab Muslims already live in Israel

currently.currently. This demographic problem is the same This demographic problem is the same

when Israel considers incorporating the when Israel considers incorporating the “occupied territories” of the West Bank, “occupied territories” of the West Bank, Jews would then be a minority by 2020.Jews would then be a minority by 2020.

The SettlementsThe Settlements

The settlements requireThe settlements require An Israeli military presence.An Israeli military presence. Settlers to carry automatic weapons.Settlers to carry automatic weapons. CheckpointsCheckpoints The WallThe Wall Roads that can only be used by Israelis.Roads that can only be used by Israelis.

SettlementsSettlements

Recently, Israel has agreed to freeze Recently, Israel has agreed to freeze new settlements.new settlements. But they want to allow existing But they want to allow existing

settlements to grow naturally, a non settlements to grow naturally, a non starter for Palestinian authority.starter for Palestinian authority.

View of Tel Aviv from the West View of Tel Aviv from the West Bank: Israel has real survival Bank: Israel has real survival

issues.issues.

Suicide attacks in Israel Suicide attacks in Israel between 00-07between 00-07