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45%
24%
17%
10%
4%
Age 18-30 years 31-40 years 41-50 years 51-60 years 61+ ετών
34%
37%
29%
Highest educational qualification
High School Certificate Bachelor Postgraduate qualification
48%
52%
Gender
Men Women
51%
16%
9%
24%
Place of Employment
Private Public semi Government Not working
43%
34%
13%
7%
2% 1%
Place of Residence Nicosia Limassol Larnaka Pafos Ammochostos Other
Giving money orother consideration
to receive abuilding permit.
Giving money orother consideration
for obtaining adriver's license
Giving money orother consideration
for reduction oftaxes.
Giving money orother consideration
for an academicqualification
Pulling strings forrecruitment in the
public sector
Pulling strings forrecruitment in the
private sector
Receiving money or other
compensation for mediating to
facilitate someone’s winning
a tender for a project.
Pulling strings for afavourable
treatment in thearmy
YES 84% 88% 86% 89% 76% 59% 76% 70%
NO 6% 8% 7% 6% 8% 15% 9% 10%
IT DEPENTS 8% 4% 5% 5% 15% 25% 13% 19%
DK 1% 0% 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1%
84% 88% 86%
89%
76%
59%
76% 70%
6% 8% 7% 6% 8%
15%
9% 10% 8% 4% 5% 5%
15%
25%
13%
19%
1% 0% 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1%
Do you consider that the following acts constitute corruption? (2011)
YES NO IT DEPENTS DK
Giving money orother
consideration toreceive a building
permit.
Giving money orother
consideration forobtaining a
driver's license
Giving money orother
consideration forreduction of
taxes.
Giving money orother
consideration foran academicqualification
Pulling stringsfor recruitment
in the publicsector
Pulling strings forrecruitment in
the privatesector
Receiving money or other
compensation for mediating to
facilitate someone’s
winning a tender for a project.
Pulling stringsfor a favourabletreatment in the
army
2010 55% 55% 58% 55% 63% 50% 43% 54%
2011 84% 88% 86% 89% 76% 59% 76% 70%
55% 55% 58%
55%
63%
50%
43%
54%
84% 88% 86%
89%
76%
59%
76%
70%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Acts that constitute corruption (2010 and 2011)
3% 2% 3% 4% 5% 4% 6% 6%
11%
5% 7%
10% 12% 14%
20%
30%
41%
48% 48% 45%
52% 49%
47% 47%
53% 55%
50% 49%
73%
62%
42%
32% 33%
45%
28% 28% 24%
32% 29%
21% 21% 20%
4% 6%
14% 16%
14%
6%
15% 18% 18% 17%
11% 14%
16% 18%
Politicians atnational level
Officialsawarding
publictenders
Officialsissuing
buildingpermits
Officials atregional level
Officials atlocal level
The peopleworking inthe police
service
Inspectors(health,
construction,food quality,
healthpermitting)
Officialsissuing
professionallicenses
The peopleworking inthe judicial
services
The peopleworking inthe custom
officers
Peopleworking inthe public
health sector(e.g.
Hospitals)
Peopleworking inthe PublicEducationservices
Peopleworking inthe private
healthservices
Peopleworking inthe privateeducationservices
Do you think that the giving and taking of bribes, and the abuse of positions of power for personal gain, are widespread among any of the following in
Cyprus? (2011)
NO CORRUPTION SOME CORRUPTION A LOT OF CORRUPTION DK
Politicians at
nationallevel
Officialsawarding
publictenders
Officialsissuing
buildingpermits
Officialsat
regionallevel
Officialsat local
level
Thepeople
workingin thepoliceservice
Inspectors (health,construction, foodquality,health
permitting)
Officialsissuing
professional
licenses
Thepeople
workingin the
judicialservices
Thepeople
workingin the
customofficers
Peopleworking
in thepublichealthsector(e.g.
Hospitals)
Peopleworking
in thePublic
Educationservices
Peopleworking
in theprivatehealth
services
Peopleworking
in theprivate
education services
2010 90% 90% 87% 88% 88% 92% 82% 82% 74% 86% 83% 79% 72% 67%
2011 93% 92% 83% 80% 81% 90% 80% 77% 71% 79% 82% 76% 71% 69%
90% 90%
87% 88% 88% 92%
82% 82%
74%
86% 83%
79% 72%
67%
93% 92%
83% 80% 81%
90%
80% 77%
71%
79% 82%
76% 71%
69%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Categories that the giving and taking of bribes, and the abuse of positions of power for personal gain, are widespread among….. (2010 and 2011)
Theimpartial
applicationof the law
To have afaster trial
andsentencing
To enforcestringent
punishments
The “asset means
declaration” should be
applied correctly for all officials
Organisecampaigns
againstcorruption
To create anIndependen
tCommission
AgainstCorruption
To improvethe legal
frameworkfor the
detection,prevention
andpunishment
ofcorruption
Toimplement
heavypunishment
for thosereceivingbribery
Toimplement
heavypunishment
for thosegiving
bribery
Toimplementa code ofconductbetween
the publishservantsand thegeneralpublic
To offer athigh school
level acourse in
anti-corruption
To enact alegislation
onWhistleblo
wingProtection
Act
EFFECTIVE 74% 83% 75% 76% 55% 65% 80% 87% 87% 70% 71% 79%
NOT EFFECTIVE 21% 13% 20% 13% 40% 28% 15% 11% 12% 24% 23% 15%
DK 5% 4% 4% 11% 5% 6% 5% 2% 1% 6% 6% 6%
74%
83%
75% 76%
55%
65%
80%
87% 87%
70% 71%
79%
21%
13%
20%
13%
40%
28%
15% 11% 12%
24% 23%
15%
5% 4% 4%
11%
5% 6% 5% 2% 1%
6% 6% 6%
How effective is or will be in your opinion the following measures to combat corruption? (2011)
EFFECTIVE NOT EFFECTIVE DK
Theimpartial
applicationof the law
To have afaster trial
andsentencing
To enforcestringent
punishments
The “asset means
declaration” should be
applied correctly for all officials
Organisecampaigns
againstcorruption
To createan
Independent
CommissionAgainst
Corruption
To improvethe legal
frameworkfor the
detection,prevention
andpunishment
ofcorruption
Toimplement
heavypunishment
for thosereceivingbribery
Toimplement
heavypunishment
for thosegiving
bribery
Toimplementa code of
coductbetween
the publichservantsand thegeneralpublic
To offer athigh school
level acourse in
anti-corruption
To enact alegislation
onWhistleblo
wingProtection
Act
2010 87% 89% 82% 81% 65% 73% 86%
2011 74% 83% 75% 76% 55% 65% 80% 87% 87% 70% 71% 79%
87% 89%
82% 81%
65%
73%
86%
74%
83%
75% 76%
55%
65%
80%
87% 87%
70% 71%
79%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Effectiveness of measures to combat corruption (2010 and 2011)
8% 5% 6%
10%
6%
1% 4%
2%
7% 4% 4%
7%
11% 8% 8%
17%
26% 29%
27%
21%
69%
54%
46% 46%
58%
1% 4%
6%
1% 3%
Corruption is amajor problem
There is corruptionat a nationalinstitutions
There is corruptionat a local
institutions
Corruption isinevitable and will
always be there
Corruption willraise due to theeconomic crisis
Extent of corruption in Cyprus (2011)
Totally disagree Tend to disagree Neutral Tend to agree Totally agree DK
Corruption is a majorproblem
There is corruption at anational institutions
There is corruption at alocal institutions
Corruption is inevitableand will always be there
Corruption will raise dueto the economic crisis
2010 70% 60% 57% 50%
2011 86% 80% 75% 73% 79%
70%
60% 57%
50%
86%
80%
75% 73%
79%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Extent of corruption in Cyprus (2010 and 2011)
There areclose linksbetween
business andpolitics.
Politicians (theGovernment
andParliament)
are not doingenough to
fightcorruption.
Public moneyis not spent in
transparentmanner.
There is noreal
punishmentfor corruption
(lightsentences inthe courts or
noprosecution)
Manyappointmentsin the public
administrationare not based
onmerit/qualifica
tions.
Many peopleaccept
corruption aspart of
everyday life
The law isoften not
applied by theauthorities in
charge
Poor socio-economicconditions
(low incomes,poverty) leadto corruption.
You don'tneed to obeythe law sincenobody will
find out
To make aprocess fasterand easier is
acceptable togive someone
money orother
consideration.
Whenpersonal/family interests arenot adverselyaffected then
it isacceptable togive money or
otherconsiderationfor facilities.
Totally disagree 6% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 4% 7% 21% 19% 23%
Tend to disagree 4% 3% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 11% 11% 9% 12%
Neutral 10% 6% 7% 5% 7% 8% 10% 17% 14% 13% 14%
Tend to agree 27% 24% 25% 21% 20% 29% 27% 23% 20% 21% 17%
Totally agree 47% 60% 52% 63% 62% 52% 52% 39% 31% 35% 30%
DK 7% 2% 6% 3% 4% 3% 4% 3% 3% 2% 4%
6% 5% 5% 4% 4% 4% 4% 7%
21% 19%
23%
4% 3% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3%
11% 11% 9%
12% 10%
6% 7% 5%
7% 8%
10%
17% 14% 13% 14%
27% 24% 25%
21% 20%
29% 27%
23% 20% 21%
17%
47%
60%
52%
63% 62%
52% 52%
39%
31%
35%
30%
7%
2% 6%
3% 4% 3% 4% 3% 3% 2% 4%
What are the reasons in your opinion there is corruption in Cyprus? (2011) Totally disagree Tend to disagree Neutral Tend to agree Totally agree DK
There areclose linksbetweenbusiness
and politics.
Politicians(the
Governmentand
Parliament)are notdoing
enough tofight
corruption.
Publicmoney is
not spent intransparent
manner.
There is noreal
punishmentfor
corruption(light
sentences inthe courts
or noprosecution
)
Manyappointmen
ts in thepublic
administration are notbased on
merit/qualifications.
Manypeopleaccept
corruptionas part ofeveryday
life
The law isoften notapplied by
theauthoritiesin charge
Poor socio-economicconditions
(lowincomes,poverty)lead to
corruption.
You don'tneed to
obey thelaw since
nobody willfind out
To make aprocess
faster andeasier is
acceptableto give
someonemoney or
otherconsideratio
n.
Whenpersonal/fa
milyinterests are
notadverselyaffectedthen it is
acceptableto give
money orother
consideration for
facilities.
2010 58% 67% 56% 67% 69% 59% 61% 34% 32% 35% 29%
2011 74% 84% 77% 84% 82% 81% 79% 62% 51% 56% 47%
58%
67%
56%
67% 69%
59% 61%
34% 32% 35%
29%
74%
84%
77%
84% 82% 81% 79%
62%
51% 56%
47%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Reasons there is corruption in Cyprus (2010 and 2011)
6% 5% 5%
8%
5% 7%
4% 3% 4% 6%
3% 5%
10%
5% 8%
16%
8%
13%
23%
18% 19% 22%
18% 19%
51%
66%
61%
40%
63%
34%
5% 3% 3%
7%
4%
22%
The judicial system The government The police The EuropeanUnion institutions
All the politicalparties andParliament
NGO’s and/or other
organisations
Do you think that preventing and fighting corruption is the responsibility of…? (2011)
Totally disagree Tend to disagree Neutral Tend to agree Totally agree DK
The judicialsystem
The government The policeThe European
Union institutions
NGO’s and/or other
organisations
All the politicalparties andParliament
2010 59% 75% 67% 50% 52%
2011 74% 84% 80% 62% 53% 81%
59%
75%
67%
50% 52%
74%
84% 80%
62%
53%
81%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Responsibility for the prevention and combat of corruption rests with… (2010 and 2011)
TRANSPARENCY CYPRUS
P.O. Box 50329, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus T. +357 25002428 | F. +357 25002663 | K. +357 99578488
Email: [email protected] | www.transparencycyprus.org