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The potential to reverse age related skeletal muscle atrophy and sarcopenia

improving quality of life utilising medical shockwaves.

Kenneth Craig1 Cristina Maria d’Agostino

2 Jacqueline Craig Huges

1* Bradley Takai

1** Marjorie Ann

Walker1***

Richard Wong1****

Stephen Buckley3

1Director - Kompass OrthoShock Medical Shockwave Therapy & Human Wellness Research Centre,

Auckland, New Zealand; 2Head of Shockwave Therapy, Orthopaedics & Traumatology Dept.

Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan - Lombardy, Italy; 1*

Researcher of Human Movement; 1**

Director

of Physiotherapy; 1***

Physiotherapist; 1****

Exercise Practitioner; 3High Performance Coach. FXV,

Auckland, New Zealand.

Abstract

Age related skeletal muscle atrophy and sarcopenia resulting in the loss of muscle

capacity and mass in the elderly negatively impacts physical capacity, daily function,

quality of life, and constitutes a growing global healthcare burden. Progressive motor

neuron degeneration, increases in fat mass, decreases in lean muscle, bone mass,

and cellular environmental aberrances are commonly seen alterations of aging

muscle. This leads to impairments in metabolic rate, aerobic capacity, strength,

balance, functional capacity, along with emotional and cognitive distress. These

impairments and aberrances of the restorative pathways and regenerative capacity

of aging muscles require synergistic reversal in order to optimise muscle integrity

and optimal functional capacity in the older adult population. Much research has

been conducted introducing interventions to induce a positive bio-physical, bio-

chemical and bio-molecular response of aging muscle tissue. Yet despite advances

in pharmacogenics and stem-cell research, clinical interventions that can either

retard or ameliorate this phenomenon remains severely limited and is often

economically unviable. Our hypothesis suggests that given what has been elucidated

thus far of the mechanisms of action of medical shockwaves on human tissue, it

could be a viable economical treatment option to restore regenerative pathways of

aging muscle tissue, optimising and prolonging its health, strength and functional

capacity in the older adult population.

Keywords: Muscle atrophy; Sarcopenia; Collagen; Satellite cells; PAX3/7;

Transforming growth factor-ß1; Fibroblast growth factor 6; Insulin-like growth factor;

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Myostatin; Hepatocyte growth factor p38α/ß inhibition; Myogenic regenerative

factors (Growth factors); Electrohydraulic medical shockwaves; medical shockwaves.

Note: Hypothesis in submission pending publication

Lead author correspondence:

Kenneth Craig

7A Piermark Drive, Rosedale

North Shore City, New Zealand

nopain@xtra.co.nz

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