Agent Entrepreneur

94 95

Agent EntrepreneurEntrepreneurship as a means of creating a new normal

Justin Mast

Opposite: The Spirit of Detroit, Woodward Avenue, Detroit1

96 97I believe Detroit is going to show the world how tolive… again.”

—Mike Han

The Spirit of Detroit

The days of mourning Detroit are over,

especially if you ask Detroiters. After years

of highlighted fallout, glorified ruin, and

declarations that the city is dead—the tune

has changed. And it’s changing from the inside

out. A new breed of wide-eyed wild men and

women are moving back into the city and

declaring it a land of opportunity. Deserted

properties, stretched infrastructure, and

unpredictable services were reasons for

concern; but now the city is being seen as

cheap land, homes, and buildings, an

opportunity for off-the-grid development,

and free-reign. Detroit entrepreneurs are

bringing restaurants, bakeries, bike shops,

and produce into the city—not to mention

money, jobs, and occupancy. This decade

may the be start of a new era in Detroit—

one marked by optimism and opportunity. It

seems that today in Detroit, there’s nothing

entrepreneurship cannot accomplish.

Opposite: Photograph of

Mike Han, a Detroit ar tist

and advocate, taken in

Avalon Baker y.2

“

98 99

William Clay Ford, Jr.Ford Motor Company, Executive Chairman

If you want to make a difference, stay in Michigan, help us figure this out, its gonna be fun.”10

...Everyone wants to hold you up, they want you to succeed and they’ll kinda do anything they can to help you out.”8

This is going to be the land of opportunity.”12

Detroit is a great place for entrepreneurs because it needs entrepreneurs.”7

Chris RizikRenaissance Venture Capital Fund, CEO

Kimo FredericksonTrue Body Fitness, Founder

Mike HoltzmanBarebones Detroit, Co-Founder

“ “ “ “ “In Detroit, there is something to be done, so we do.”4

Claire NelsonThe Bureau of Urban Living, Founder

100 101

Eastern Market

Corktown

Riverside

Downtown

Woodward Avenue

Mexican Town

Russell Industrial

Center

Dispersed Growth

New businesses, organizations that support

businesses, and renovated spaces for new

businesses are popping up all over Detroit,

breathing life into its neighborhoods and

communities. Growing at the center and

moving out along Detroit’s more developed

areas, these seeds are creating places for

Detroit’s ambitious new breed to get started.

Dequindre Cut

Greenway

102 103

Russell Industrial CenterArt Mecca and Small Business Haven20

“Russell Industrial Center is quickly becoming the

largest Art Mecca/Small Business Haven in the

midwest. With over 150 commercial tenants from all

different creative backgrounds, it is an ideal place

to create and work. Architects, painters, clothing

designers, glass blowers, wood craftsman, metal

sculptors, graphic designers and the like find the

R.I.C. an ideal place to network and exhibit.”20

“Woodward Avenue, or M-1, is the region’s

‘Main Street,’ stretching from the Detroit River

out deep into the suburbs. The Woodward

corridor will play an enormously important

role in the city’s future, especially as the new

M-1 Rail project heats up.”15

“OmniCorpDetroit is an intense group of

designers, artists, engineers, musicians,

thinkers, do-ers and makers that get together

to build new things as well as share and

collaborate within the Detroit community. In

general, we’re making, breaking, reshaping

and hacking all sorts of things!”22

“The Elevator Building project took an old

industrial building along the riverfront and

refurbished it into cost-effective office space

for small businesses.”17

Omni CorpMaker + Hacker Space21

Woodward AvenueDetroit’s Main Street14

The Elevator BuildingA New Economy Hub16

104 105

“As many as 40,000 people flock to Eastern

Market for its Saturday Market to enjoy one

of the most authentic urban adventures

in the United States. The market and the

adjacent district are rare finds in a global

economy - a local food district with more

than 250 independent vendors and merchants

processing, wholesaling, and retailing food.

At the heart of Eastern Market is a six-block

public market that has been feeding Detroit

Eastern Market

since 1891. Every Saturday it is transformed

into a vibrant marketplace with hundreds of

open-air stalls where everyone from toddlers

to tycoons enjoy the strong conviviality served

up along with great selections of fruits,

veggies, fresh-cut flowers, homemade jams,

maple syrups, locally produced specialty food

products, pasture and/or grass-fed meat and

even an occasional goose or rabbit.”26

Opposite, from left to right: Eastern Market’s plan for it’s public core23, a vendor unload-ing produce24, and a bird’s eye view of a portion of the East-ern Market, as proposed25

106 107

Detroit isn’t the first place that comes to

mind when people think of innovation and

entrepreneurship. This city was struggling

long before this economic dip. As a city

that was once great during the industrial

boom in the U.S., Detroit has since come

to epitomize the struggling rust belt towns

of the old manufacturing Midwest. (talk

about the decline of manufacturing in the

US) It’s considered poor and dangerous. It’s

population has decreased every census since

1950—with its citizens either moving to the

suburbs or leaving the state altogether.

As America seeks to reinvent itself

and reestablish the economy, the country

has looked to entrepreneurship to solve

problems. According to President Obama,

“We can win the future—by unleashing the

talent and ingenuity of businesses...” It’s a

widely held belief that entrepreneurship

made this country great and that it will

continue to do so.

Cities, states, and regions around the

country and world are taking the initiative to

attract entreprenurs, to stimulate innovation,

and to help companies grow and become

profitable. It seems that becoming the next

Silicon Valley is on the agenda of almost every

mid to large-sized city. Regions now compete

for talent and promsing companies the same

way that companies compete for talent.

Entrepreneurs and Venture Capitalists, those

who are in the business of spotting talent and

cultivating the right startups, know that the

community support is an important element

in success.

With Detroit’s reputation for failure

and all the competition for talent, it’s worth

asking, why Detroit? What makes Detroit the

right place to start a business? According to

Detroiters, it’s exactly this gritty past that

now gives it the edge over other cities.

New York and other cities have become ships too big to steer.”27

Why Detroit?“

Opposite: Phillip Cooley, Detroit advocate and founder of Slows Bar-B-Q28

108 109

It’s been over 100 years, but between 1881 –

1907, Detroit was a hotbed of entrepreneurial

activity. Companies like Ford, Hudson’s,

Faygo, KMart, and Kellogg’s got their start

in Detroit and expanded to national and

international scales. That period of growth

has left a lasting imprint on the city.

Cheap SpaceLower Barriers to Entry

Sometimes, all a young company needs to get

started, is a place to spread out and get some

work done. In cities like NYC, LA, and Chicago

space comes at a premium, raising a barrier

to entry. In Detroit however, space is cheap

and because landlords are typically happy to

have a tenant, they are pretty flexible.

Though a diverse lot, Detroit entrepreneurs

all seem to share one common trait: they

want to see each other succeed. Owners of

businesses large and small, across dozens of

different industries, have united under this

belief to help the city progress as a whole. 5

There’s also access to leadership, bringing

experience to the energy of entrepreneurs.

Want to make an impact in NYC, Chicago, or

LA? Step in line. In Detroit? Step right up.

Detroit needs and wants entrepreneurs and

although almost every city is doing what it

can to attract the young and ambitious, it’s

different in Detroit. The scene is reimerging

and it’s wide open to those who want to make

a go of it.

The Dequindre Cut, a below-grade 1.35-mile

pathway, offers a pedestrian link between the

Riverfront paths, Eastern Market, and many

of the residential neighborhoods in between.

These pedestrian paths, community focused

bike shops, and the Eastern Market have

created a car-less and local market lifestyle

potential in this city.

Chance to Make a DifferenceDetroit Wants and Needs You

A Support NetworkIt starts with a fan base

Local & Bikable LivingThe Dequindre Cut and Eastern Market

Entrepreneurial HeritageYou may have heard of Ford, K-Mart, Kellogs?

Access to CapitalThere’s Still Money in Detroit

Detroit business leaders, the government,

and other stakeholders in the city have a

vested interest in keeping the community

alive and healthy. Their plan: invest in

entrepreneurs who will create jobs, meet

service needs, fill vacancies, increase the tax

base, bring in money, and attract residents

(known to retailers as consumers).

Henry Ford and the Model T29 Bikers on the Dequindre Cut30 Slows BarBQ, in Corktown31 Oneita Porter, Designer and Owner of GrrlDog Jewerly32 Austin Black, President of City living Detroit33 Guests at SOUP34

110 111

It seems that “entrepreneurship” is being

thrown at every issue the world faces

and Detroit is no exception. It makes

sense. We live in a country that was built

by entrepreneurs, brave souls driven by

the search for opportunity. The pioneers

searched for land; for Ford it was efficiency.

Microsoft and Apple have ushered in an era

of information economics. Entrepreneurship

is a deep part of America’s, and Detroit’s

heritage. Now, a generation coming of age

Entrepreneurship: our new

favorite cliche

wants independence and challenge. We

want to make a difference and we’re faced

with economic challenges—so we claim

entrepreneurship.

In the process though, we have

applied the term liberally. The kid who

sells lemonade is no longer an aspiring

entrepreneur but an actual entrepreneur.

The artist who lives in the suburbs with his

parents, has sold one piece of artwork, and

commutes to city events is an entrepreneur.

So is someone who’s starting a two-hundred

person tech firm.

As a city who’s staked its future on

the phrase, it may be worth asking, what do

we mean when we say “entrepreneurship”?

Are all entrepreneurs equal? What are our

expectations and hopes for them? What will

they fix for us?

Entrepreneurship is the act of being an entrepreneur, which can be defined as “one who undertakes innovations, finance and business acumen in an effort to transform innovations into economic goods.35

We are entrepreneurs, the unquantifiable risk that large companies—and entire industries—don’t fully understand”36

Defining Entrepreneurship

“

112 113

Lifestyle entrepreneurs seek to create a great

lifestyle for themselves —to do what they love

and have freedom. Working for themselves

allows them to focus on a craft, be creative,

and be challenged.

In Detroit, this group is a bold and

independent set. They are leaders, their

creations often activate the community and

add to the culture in Detroit. Although the

main focus of this entrepreneur may be to

create a lifestyle for themselves, they are

Lifestyle Entrepreneurs

also creating a lifestyle for the city. When a

urban living store or a crepery comes to a

neighborhood, it createss an energy and buzz

to residents and visitors. It sends a message

that there is life, that Downtown Detroit is

worth living in. These businesses also add a

practical service to city dwellers. There are

places to shop, go out to eat, and hang out.

The businesses that lifestyle

entrepreneurs create fall short of being silver

bullets though. They are typically not major

sources of economic impact. If the owner

is able to cover their own costs, they may

employ a few people with modest income. A

lifestyle business might be a press darling,

but it’s tough to make a profit. Lifestyle

businesses are typically not very scaleable–

especially if they remain a lifestyle business.

For it to be scaleable, the business owner,

has to become a business person rather

than a craftsperson. So, as a single lifestyle

business, the economic impact is limited.

It didn’t take Sarah Lipinski long to figure out that Detroit is asmall townat heart.37

Opposite: Sarah Lipinski of Wound Menswear in her 2000 Brooklyn workspace38

114 115

Clockwise from Left :

Jerr y Paffendorf and Mar y

Lorene Car ter of LOVE-

LAND39, Tor ya Blanchard

of Good Girls Go To Paris

Crepes40, Kelli Kavanaugh

of Wheel House Detroit41,

and Andy and Emily Linn

of City Bird42.

[My dream] is to make a living off of something that I love, where I live.” 43

“

116 117

The social entrepreneur is driven by the

desire to address some of the big social

and economic conditions in the world or in

a community, like poverty or educational

deprivation, rather than by the desire of

profit. Typically, this mirrors a perspective

that the pursuit of profit alone is not a way

to address social concerns. Many social

entrepreneurs start non-profit ogranizations

but this is not a limiting criteria. With

traditional businesses starting to shift

their values to include the triple bottom

line, the line between social and traditional

entrepreneurship has been blurred. Typically

Social Entrepreneurs

though, social entrepreneurs may setup the

possibility for profit but will maintain a focus

on growing social capital.

A unique subset of social

entrepreneurship is micro-finance. This may

range from larger international organizations

like KIVA and Kickstarter but also include a

Detroit grassroots organizations like SOUP.

While social entrepreneurship

has grown, there is doubt that business is

really the tool for fixing social problems.

Dan Izzo, from BizdomU compares social

entreprenurship to using a wrench for a

job that needs a hammer. Regardless of

the feelings on the general term, this is

certainly a form of entrepreneurship alive

in Detroit and while good intentions run

deep, it’s still worth measuring the impact

of these innovators. Do they create jobs?

Are they scaleable? Do they make an impact

on the community? They certainly can,

especially when they are bottom-up in nature.

Initiatives like the Power House or Heidelberg

project have had quite an impact.

The best ones are very social and

barely businesses. As such, they more

embody the entrepreneurial mindset than

they are actually entrepreneurial.

At some point you decide whether you want to chase money your whole life or whether you want to chase something meaningful and do something good for society or the people around you.”44

—Noam Kimelman, Get Fresh Detroit

“

118 119

SOUP is... a collaborative situation, a public dinner, a theatrical environment, a platform for performance, a local experiment in micro-funding, a relational hub connecting various creative communities, a forum for discussion, an opportunity to support creative people in Detroit.”53

“

Images from SOUP45-52

120 121

This group of entrepreneurs seek funding

in order to raise capital to build a business.

venture capitalists (VCs) and angel investors

often fill this role with the expectation that

their portfolio of investments will yield a

large return. The quintessential investment

for them is putting a small to mid sized

amount of money to fund the next Google or

Facebook. Another common goal is to start

a company that launches a new technology,

builds a market, then sells out to a larger

company. Web startups are very common,

but green technology, energy technology,

transportation, etc. are viable and large scale

Venture Capital Funded

Startups

endeavors as well. If one of these investments

really explodes, or if a number of investments

become mid sized tech companies based in

Detroit, which is more likely, it could have a

major impact on the city. These businesses

can create hundreds of well paying jobs which

will either employ qualified people in the city

or will attract those looking for jobs, say from

the University of Michigan. This fills space

downtown, creates a significant rise in the

tax base (which may fund social programs)

and brings money to the local restaurants,

etc. Tech companies are typically made up

of younger, educated, and a more flexible

demographic—the kind of group that has

been increasingly attracted to urban living

and are demanding walkable, bikable, locally

sourced lifestyles—clientele for the lifestyle

entrepreneurs.

Although almost every city in the

country is scrambling to create their own

version of Silicon Valley, Detroit’s VCs

contend that their city is a unique place. The

fifty-year mass exodus has left a whole in the

economy and tarnished the image of Detroit,

but it also left behind an infrastructure that

can be utilized. Detroit’s uniqueness may have

created the perfect entrepreneurial storm.

From left to right: Josh Linkner, Dan Gilbert, and Brian Hermelin of Detroit Venture Partners54

122 123

Bizdom U provides comprehensive, real-

world training, mentorship, and support for

entrepreneurs who have a burning passion

and determination to build a growth-

oriented, Detroit-based or Cleveland-based

business. 55

Fontinalis PartnersBill Ford’s Investment Company

Fontinalis’ mission is to leverage its

considerable product management

experience, market access, strategic

relationships, cross-border expertise, and

background in transportation innovation to

scale companies providing the transportation

technology solutions of tomorrow. 60

Looking for investment opportunities in these

sectors: internet, digital media, marketing

technology, direct-to-consumer, sports &

entertainment, social media, e-commerce,

software. 58

The MORE Program fuels the development

and speed with which entrepreneurial ideas

take shape and go to market. By working

with Colleges and Universities, Incubator

Programs, Industry Associations, High-Tech

Small Businesses, and Government Agencies

They provide “Fast Track” access to resources

required to develop and market new ideas for

business. 64

The Renaissance Venture Capital Fund is a

Michigan-based fund of funds that supports

the growth of venture capital in Michigan

while serving as a bridge between Michigan’s

emerging innovation company community and

its strong industrial and commercial base. 57

The More ProgramWhere Entrepreneurial Ideas Take Flight

Detroit Venture PartnersCrazed on a Mission

Renaissance VC Dow Chemical Company

Bizdom UEarly Stage Capital Fund

RPM VenturesFocused on technology

Provides capital and guidance to

entrepreneurs starting and building

innovative technology companies. 62

124 125[There is] nowhere to shop for clothes, no where to shop for food. I won’t shop down here. People work here, not live here.”65

Despite the positive shift in media attention,

the image of Detroit as a shrinking and

stagnant city still prevail. Detroit advocates

argue that their city doesn’t need to be

revived, it’s already alive; trehis is true.

Using ingenuity and teamwork, the citizens

of Detroit have made due and created

their scene against the odds. But as the

city changes and reemerges, it becomes

important that it looks outward as well as

inward to strengthen itself.

Partnerships and collaboration are

key. As bottom-up dreamers and doers seek

to establish their businesses, they will need

Challenges and Opportunities

for Detroit Entrepreneurship

Collaboration is Crucial

“

to scale up. For top-down initiatives to gain

traction, they will need to enlist the support

of the community. Recently, Wayne State

Univ. and the DMC realized that they could

invest $1 million in their neighborhood by

switching their annual bread order to Avalon

International Breads—a great example of large

organizations partnering with a local business

in a symbiotic way. Led by Mayor Bing, the

Detroit Works Project demonstrates the city

is already working in an integrative way.

Detroit should also look outside

the city limits for partnerships with other

communities in the state and the Great Lakes

Region. Teaming with the Univ. of Michigan

to create the R&B Conference is a good

example. Collaborative efforts with Grand

Rapids,Traverse City, Chicago, etc. remain

opportunities for regional partnerships.

Detroit is strategically positioned next to the

country’s largest trade partner, Canada, an

asset that might be further developed.

This is not the first burst of energy

this city has seen. The question for the

leaders and the stakeholders of a new

Detroit is: how will Detroit’s entrepreneurial

reemergance lead to a deep-rooted, durable,

and integrated future?

126 127

1. Photograph. Paul Truba: DU Portfolio.

Web. 27 Jan. 2011. < https://portfolio.

du.edu/pc/port.detail?id=152718 >.

2. Photograph. Justin Mast: Mike Han in

Avalon Bakery.

3. Photograph. CNN Assignment Detroit:

Detroit’s Ripple Effect. Web. 27 Jan. 2011.

<http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2009/

smallbusiness/0902/gallery.detroit_

ripples.smb/7.html>

4. Quote. Claire Nelson at the Revitalization

and Business Conference at the Ross

School of Business.

5–6. Photograph. The Urbane Life: BareBones

Detroit. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

theurbanelife.com/?p=4958>.

7–8. Quote. The Urbane Life: BareBones

Detroit. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

theurbanelife.com/?p=4958>.

9. Photograph. The Detroit Bureau: Billions

in UAW Liabilities off Ford Balance

Sheet. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

thedetroitbureau.com/wp-content/

uploads/2009/09/William-Clay-Ford-Jr..

jpg>

10. Quote: William Ford at the Revitalization


School of Business. Jan 21, 2011.

11. Photograph. Metro Mode Media: Guest

Blogger: Chris Rizik. Web. 27 Jan. 2011.

<http://www.metromodemedia.com/

blogs/bloggers/chrisrizik0122.aspx>

12. Quote: William Ford at the Revitalization


School of Business. Jan 21, 2011.

13. Photograph. Google Maps. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.google.com/

lochp?hl=en&tab=wl&q=>

14. Photograph. Better Than Sex: Resurget

Cineribus <http://guswez.wordpress.

com/2009/11/22/resurget-cineribus/>

15. Quotes. Model D Media: Woodward

Avenue <http://www.modeldmedia.com/

focusareas/woodwardave.aspx>

16-17. Photograph & Info. Model D

Media: The Young & Entrepreneurial:

Q&A with Elevator Building Developer

Randy Lewarchik. Web. 27 Jan. 2011.

<http://modeldmedia.com/features/

randylewarchikelevatorbuildi

ng072710.aspx>.

18. Photograph. Google Maps < http://www.

google.com/lochp?hl=en&tab=wl&q= >

19. Photograph. Detroit Yes: Russell

Industrial Center. Web. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.detroityes.com/

news/070419/601pics/101.htm>

20. Russel Industrial Center Website. Web. 27

Jan. 2011. <http://www.metromodemedia.

com/blogs/bloggers/chrisrizik0122.aspx>

21. Photograph. Google Maps <>

22. Omni Corps Website. Web. 27 Jan. 2011.

<http://omnicorpdetroit.com/blog/

about-ocd/>

23–25. Photographs. Eastern Market District:

Economic Development Strategy < http://

www.detroiteasternmarket.com/media/

files/60_eastern_market_district_plan_

sept_2008.pdf >

26. Detroit Eastern Market Website.

Web. 27 Jan. 2011. < http://www.

detroiteasternmarket.com/index.php >

27. Quote: Phil Cooley at the Revitalization and

Business Conference at the Ross School of

Business. Jan 20, 2011.

28. Photograph. Crains Detroit: Twenty in

their Twenties: Phillip Cooley. Web. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.crainsdetroit.com/

files/twenty07/20_cooley.html>

29. Photograph. Ford Motor Company.

30. Photograph. Detroit RiverFront

Conservancy. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. < http://

www.detroitriverfront.org/dequindre/ >.

31. Photograph. Flickr: ELIZAJANECURTIS.

Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://

www.flickr.com/photos/

elizajanecurtis/3522669159/>

32. Photograph. Model D Media: Go Grrldog:

Indie entrepreneur goes global from

Russell Industrial Studio. Web. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.modeldmedia.com/

features/grrldog101210.aspx>

33. Photograph. Model D Media: The

Young & Entrepreneurial: Austin Black

of City Living Detroit. Web. 27 Jan.


features/austin083110.aspx>

34. Photograph. Kate Daugdrill. Detroit

SOUP.Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

detroitsoup.com/root/photos/>

35. Wikipedia. Entrepreneurship <

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Entrepreneurship>

36. Scott Belsky. Twitter Post. 18 Jan. 2011.

<https://twitter.com/#!/scottbelsky>

37. Quote. Model D Media. The Young &

Entreprenerial: Q&A with Sarah Lapinski

of Motor City Sewing and Design. Web. 27

Jan. 2011. <http://www.modeldmedia.

com/features/sarahlapinskiQA1110.

aspx>.

38. Photograph. Justin Mast. Sarah Lipinski.

Web. 17 Jan. 2011.

39. Photograph. Model D Media: Model D

Speaker Series: Focus on Future of Detroit

Business. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://

www.modeldmedia.com/features/

speakerseries111.aspx>.

40. Photograph. Model D Media: Fast

Company: Torya Blanchard of Good

Girls Go To Paris Crepes. Web. 27 Jan.


timnews/toryablanchard20709.aspx>.

41. Photograph. Justin Mast: Wheel House

Detroit. 20 Jul. 2010.

42. Photograph. CraftZine: Detroit’s City

Bird: Makers, Makers, Everywhere. Web.

27 Jan. 2011. <http://blog.craftzine.com/

archive/2010/03/detroits_city_bird_

makers_make.html>

43. Quote: “The Makeshift Detroit” by

Stephen McGee, <http://vimeo.

128 129

com/17638668>

44. Quote. Noam Kimelman of Get Fresh

Detroit, <http://www.getfreshdetroit.

com/p/goals-objectives.html>

45. Photograph. Justin Ames. Detroit

SOUP. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.


46. Photograph. Emanuel Neculai. Detroit



47. Photograph. Vanessa Miller. Detroit



48. Photograph. Erin Sweeny. Detroit






50. Photograph. Erin Sweeny. Detroit



51. Photograph. Kate Daugdrill. Detroit






53. Quote. Kate Daugdrill. Detroit SOUP.

Web. 27 Jan. 2011. < http://www.

detroitsoup.com/home/about/>

54. Photograph. Detroit Venture Partners:

Home Page. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://

detroitventurepartners.com/>

55. BizdomU. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://

www.bizdom.com/>

56. Photograph. Renaissance Venture

Capital Fund: Home Page. Web. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.renvcf.com/>

57. Renaissance Venture Capital Fund: Home

Page. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

renvcf.com/>

58. Detroit Venture Partners: Home

Page. Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://

detroitventurepartners.com/>

59. Photograph. Fontinalis Partners: Home


fontinalispartners.com/>

60. Fontinalis Partners: Home Page.

Web. 27 Jan. 2011. <http://www.

fontinalispartners.com/>

61. Photograph. Share This: Home Page. Web.

27 Jan. 2011. <http://sharethis.com/>

62. RPM Ventures: Home Page. Web. 27 Jan.

2011. <http://www.rpmvc.com/>

63. Photograph. The MORE Program: Home


themoreprogram.com/>

64. The MORE Program: Home Page. Web. 27

Jan. 2011. <http://www.themoreprogram.

com/>

65. Quote. Jacob Cohen. Interview with Jacob

Cohen of Detroit Venture Partners. 17

Jan. 2011. < http://www.detroitsoup.com/

home/about/>

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