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Comparative evaluation of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis.Linn.F) for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia –An experimental study - POORNIMA.H.V.R, Dravyaguna Vijnana Government Ayurveda Medical College Bangalore
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A Comparative evaluation of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis.Linn.F) for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental study
M.D. DISSERTATION DR. POORNIMA.H.V.R 2009-2010
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DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff PPoosstt GGrraadduuaattee SSttuuddiieess iinn DDrraavvyyaagguunnaa VViijjnnaannaa GGoovveerrnnmmeenntt AAyyuurrvveeddaa MMeeddiiccaall CCoolllleeggee
BBaannggaalloorree
CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE
This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled A Comparative evaluation of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis .Linn .F) for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental study Is a bonafide research work done by Dr. POORNIMA.H.V.R in partial fulfillment for the degree of Ayurveda Vachaspathi, Doctor of Medicine (Ayurveda) in Dravyaguna Vijnana of the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore.
Place: Bangalore
Date:
Guide: DR. ASHALATHA.M. MD
Professor, Dept of Post Graduate studies in Dravyaguna Vignana, G. A. M. C Bangalore 560009.
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Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology Veterinary College Hebbal,
Bangalore-24
CERTIFICATE BY THE CO-GUIDE
This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled A Comparative evaluation of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis.Linn.F) for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental study is a bonafide research work done by Dr. POORNIMA.H.V.R. in partial fulfillment for the degree of Ayurveda Vachaspathi, Doctor of Medicine (Ayurveda) in Dravyaguna Vijnana of the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore.
Date:
Place: Bangalore Co-Guide
Dr. N.B.SHRIDHAR Ph.D. Asst. Professor, Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology Veterinary College Hebbal, KVAFSU Bangalore-24
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DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff PPoosstt GGrraadduuaattee SSttuuddiieess iinn DDrraavvyyaagguunnaa VViijjnnaannaa GGoovveerrnnmmeenntt AAyyuurrvveeddaa MMeeddiiccaall CCoolllleeggee
BBaannggaalloorree
ENDORSEMENT BY
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
This is to certify that the Dissertation A Comparative evaluation
of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of
Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis.Linn.F) for medohara
activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental study under
the guidance of Dr. ASHALATHA.M MD Professor, Dept of Post
Graduate Studies in Dravyaguna, G.A.M.C, Blore.
Date: Place: Bangalore HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
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GGOOVVEERRNNMMEENNTT AAYYUURRVVEEDDAA MMEEDDIICCAALL CCOOLLLLEEGGEE BBaannggaalloorree -- 0099
ENDORSEMENT BY
THE PRINCIPAL
This is to certify that the Dissertation A Comparative evaluation
of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract of
Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis. Linn.F) for
medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental
study. under the guidance of Dr. ASHALATHA.M MD,
Professor, Dept of Post Graduate Studies in Dravyaguna,
G.A.M.C, Blore.
Date:
Place: Bangalore PRINCIPAL
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DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I hereby declare that this dissertation entitled, A
Comparative evaluation of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous
extract and hydro alcoholic extract of Agnimantha moola
(Clerodendron phlomidis. Linn. F) for medohara activity
W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia An experimental study is a
bonafide and genuine research work carried out by me
under the guidance Dr. ASHALATHA.M. MD, Professor,
Dept of P. G. Studies in Dravyaguna, GAMC, Blore-09
and under the Co-guidance of Dr. N.B.SHRIDHAR Ph.D.
Asst. Professor, Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
KVAFSU, Veterinary College Hebbal, Bangalore-24
Date: Signature of the candidate
Place: Bangalore (Dr. POORNIMAH.V.R)
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COPYRIGHT
DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I hereby declare that the Rajiv Gandhi University of health Sciences,
Karnataka shall have the rights to preserve, use and disseminate this
dissertation in print or electronic format for academic / research purpose.
Date: Signature of the candidate
Place: (Dr. POORNIMA.H.V.R)
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT # It gives me immense pleasure to express my acknowledgement for the
help received from various source in the course of the preparation of
this dissertation work.
# I pay my obeisance to the almighty for providing me smooth and successful completion of this dissertation. This work is a reflection of
the rays of Mercy emitted from the Almighty. At this happiest
juncture, I prostrate to the lotus feet of lord Dhanvantari with whose
shower of blessings this task has ventured without any hindrances.
# At this juncture, it would be my first and foremost duty to pay gratitude to my Parents, Sri.Ramappa.V and Smt.Chandrika for the
love and affection showered on me and pain staking efforts endured
for my progress and success.
# I express my deepest gratitude to my beloved guide Dr. Ashalatha.M M.D, Professor, Department of Postgraduate studies in Dravyaguna,
G.A.M.C, Bangalore for her valuable suggestions, care and guidance
throughout my Dissertation work.
# Its my privilege to thank my co-guide Dr. N.B. Sridhar Ph.D. Asst. Professor, Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College,
KVAFSU, Hebbal, Bangalore-24, for the functional freedom,
guidance, encouragement & for providing me all the facilities in
carrying out my work throughout the study.
# I express my sincere respects and immense gratitude to Dr. Jagadeesh M.S, MD Professor and HOD, Post graduate studies in Dravyaguna,
G.A.M.C, Bangalore, for his guidance, constant encouragement, and
kind co-operation in carrying out this work.
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# I am grateful to Dr.S.L.Mohan. Asst. Professor, Dr.lalitha B.R Asst. Professor and Dr.Shivaram .N. Gayathri, Asst. Professor,
Dr.Veena.M.S , Dr.Mamatha Acharya, Dr.Sharada Mani. Dept. of
PG studies in Dravyaguna, GAMC Bangalore, for their support and
the help during this study.
# I wish to express my thanks to Dr.H.T.Sreenivas, Principal, G.A.M.C, Bangalore for his kind co-operation.
# I whole heartedly thank Dr. Umakanth, Professor Dept of Poultry and Dr. Narayanswamy professor, Dept of Pathology KVASFU,
Veterinary College, Hebbal, for their timely support during the study.
# My heartfelt thanks to my dear colleagues Dr. Deepakini, Dr.Sujata, Dr. Naveen, Dr. Shridevi, Dr.Lakshmi and Dr.Aruna for their
cooperation and constant support throughout my work. Special thanks
to Dr. Deepa kini, for her timely help and cooperation rendered during
the whole course of study.
# I extend my thanks to PG Scholars of Veterinary faculty Dr. Lohit, Dr. Mallikarjun, Dr.Shrikanth, Dr.Bair, for their unforgettable
guidance and help during my study.
# My heartfelt thanks to Dr.Rajendran. Green chem., Dommaluru, Bangalore, for the help rendered to carryout alcoholic and aqueous
extracts of the drugs and Dr. Ramachandra, and Dr.Roza, IIS,
Bangalore who provided animals for experiment
# It would be invidious to name a few from my family, when many have helped me; nevertheless I am grateful to each one of them
specially My Husband Mr.Devkumar.T.G, My Mother in law
Smt.Gangamma, My nephews Mr.Vinayraj, Mr. Shivraj and all my
family members, who have helped me throughout the work.
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# My sincere thanks to Dr.Prakash, for making Histopathological slides, Mrs. Uma and Mr.Srivatsa who have helped in serum analysis, Dr.
Revathi and the authorities of Bangalore test house for their help
during Phytochemical and TLC studies and Dr.Suresh .K.P for
making statistical analysis.
# My heartfelt thanks to my junior friends, Dr.Soumya, Dr.Vidya, Dr.Tejaswini, Dr.Pratibha, Dr.Sunitha, Dr.ParvatheGowda,
Dr.Vishwanathreddy, Dr.Triveni and my beloved friends
Dr.Kotresh, Dr.Gayathri, Dr.Girishkumar, Dr.Arunkumar,
Dr.Ravikumar and all my seniors for their timely help during my
Thesis work.
# Lastly I thank one and all who helped me directly & indirectly in bringing out this work
Date: Dr. POORNIMA.H.V.R
Place: Bangalore
DISEASE REVIEW
Evaluation of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis ) .. for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia Dept of PG studies dravyaguna
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ABBREVIATIONS
AAsshhttaannggaa HHrriiddaayyaa AA..HH
Ashtanga Samgraha A.S
Ashtanga Nighantu A. N
Amara kosha A.K
Bhaishajya Ratnavali B.R
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu B.N
Bhela Samhita B. S
Charaka Samhita C. S
Dhanvantari Nigantu D.N
Gadanigraha G.N
Harita Samhita H.S
Kashyapa Samhita K.S
Kaiyadeva Niganthu K.N
Mahoushadi Nigantu M.N
Nigantu Adarsha N.A
Priya Nigantu P.N
Raja Nigantu R.N.
Saushruthi nighantu S.N
Sharanghadhara Samhita S.S
Shabda Kalpadruma S.K.D
Sushruta Samhita Su. S
Yoga Ratnakara Y.R.
DISEASE REVIEW
Evaluation of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis ) .. for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia Dept of PG studies dravyaguna
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Table of contents
1. Introduction 1 2. Drug review
Agnimantha 4 Clerodendrum phlomidis 26
3. Disease review Medodhatu , medoroga 41 Rasa dhatu 66 Plasma 69 Kapha Dosha 70 Hyperlipidaemia 80
4. Lekhana karma 105 5. Vishoshi kashaya 111 6. Experimental models 114 7. Materials and methods 117 8. Observations and results 142 9. Discussion 170 10. Conclusion 182 11. Scope for further study 184 12. Summary 185 13. Bibliography 187
DISEASE REVIEW
Evaluation of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis ) .. for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia Dept of PG studies dravyaguna
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ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives:
Hyperlipidaemia is established as a major health concern due to strong causal
relationships with ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, overall mortality, and due to
its high prevalence. Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases is a high
priority for the World Health Organization and obesity and hyperlipidaemia management
is an important part of their strategy. The most effective class of these agents, the HMG-
CoA reductase inhibitors, are though potent, produce skin rash, myalgia, abnormalities of
liver function and other problems in patients. The cost of these drugs may also be of
significant concern, especially in view of the long-term nature of the therapy.
Agnimantha ( Clerodendron phlomidis .Linn. F) is one of the Brihatpanchamoola, which
has got reference as medohara dravya in Ayurvedic samhitas.
Objectives :
To compare and evaluate medohara activity of Agnimantha moola vishoshi kashaya, aqueous extract and hydro alcoholic extract in hyperlipidaemia induced
Wister albino rats.
To compare and evaluate medohara activity of trial drug with that of standard drug group in hyperlipidaemic Wister albino rats.
Materials and method: Agnimantha root was procured from its natural habitat, and used
in the form of vishoshi kashaya, aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract.
DISEASE REVIEW
Evaluation of Agnimantha moola (Clerodendron phlomidis ) .. for medohara activity W.S.R to hyperlipidaemia Dept of PG studies dravyaguna
83
7groups of 8 male Wister albino rats were taken, they were induced hyperlipidaemia by
feeding vanaspati and coconut oil in the ratio of 3:2, at 10ml/kgbody weight, for 30days .
Group 1.NC served as normal control which did not receive induction,
Group 2 HFC served as High fat control which received induction for 30
days and was not given any drug therapy.
Group 3 Received Standard hypolipidaemic drug -Atervostatin at
2mg/kgbodyweight.
Group 4 Received Agnimantha moola vishoshi kashaya, at 2ml dosage.
Group 5 Received Agnimantha kashaya along with induction for 30 days
Group 6 Received aqueous extract of Agnimantha root at 1000mg/kg
body weight
Group 7 Received hydroalcoholic extract at 1000mg /kg body weight.
Blood serum lipid parameters like- Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL,
body weight were tested once in 30days and Histo pathology of liver, kidney and Aorta
were done at the end of the study.
Vishoshi kashaya showed highly significant effect in reducing TC, TG, LDL,VLDL and
raising HDL . P