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Agriculture and Agriculture and AgribusinessAgribusiness
Chapter 1Chapter 1
What is Agribusiness?What is Agribusiness?
►All operations involved in the All operations involved in the manufacture and distribution of farm manufacture and distribution of farm suppliessupplies Production operations on the farmsProduction operations on the farms Storage, processing, and distribution of Storage, processing, and distribution of
the resulting farm commodities and itemsthe resulting farm commodities and items
The Big PictureThe Big Picture
►Agribusiness companies provide input Agribusiness companies provide input supplies to the farmer. The output supplies to the farmer. The output from farmers is taken by from farmers is taken by agribusinesses and process, market agribusinesses and process, market and distribute the productsand distribute the products
Agriculture IndustryAgriculture Industry
The CheeseburgerThe Cheeseburger
Life Before AgricultureLife Before Agriculture
►People looked for foodPeople looked for food Learned to fishLearned to fish FireFire
Early Ag DevelopmentEarly Ag Development
►Raise cropsRaise crops►Domesticate animalsDomesticate animals►People were no longer nomadsPeople were no longer nomads
Bronze AgeBronze Age
►3,000 BC3,000 BC►Started using metal to cultivate larger Started using metal to cultivate larger
areas of land fasterareas of land faster►Nile River used for irrigationNile River used for irrigation►Wheel discoveredWheel discovered►World population rose from 3 million to World population rose from 3 million to
nearly 100 millionnearly 100 million
Iron AgeIron Age
►1,000 BC1,000 BC► Iron hand tools and plowsIron hand tools and plows►Mondey developed to trade excess Mondey developed to trade excess
cropscrops
The Middle AgesThe Middle Ages
►400-1500 AD400-1500 AD►Crop rotation, harness (switch from Crop rotation, harness (switch from
oxen to horses), selective breedingoxen to horses), selective breeding
Farming and Agribusiness in Farming and Agribusiness in AmericaAmerica
►Organic fertilizerOrganic fertilizer►Rice 1Rice 1stst grown in US grown in US►George Washington created an George Washington created an
experimental farmexperimental farm►Thomas Jefferson experimented with Thomas Jefferson experimented with
seeds and livestockseeds and livestock
After the American After the American RevolutionRevolution
►SurveyingSurveying►Cotton GinCotton Gin►VaccinesVaccines►Cast iron plowCast iron plow► Interchangeable parts developed so Interchangeable parts developed so
people could fix equipmentpeople could fix equipment
Ag and Industrial RevolutionAg and Industrial Revolution
►Many inventions (steam engine, railroads) Many inventions (steam engine, railroads) and people left farms to work in citiesand people left farms to work in cities
► CarsCars► Crop rotationCrop rotation► Seed drillSeed drill► ReaperReaper► Threshing machineThreshing machine► Steel plowSteel plow► Barbed wireBarbed wire►Gas tractorGas tractor
11stst ½ of 20 ½ of 20thth Century Century
►Panama Canal openedPanama Canal opened►Smith Hughes actSmith Hughes act►Cooperative Extension ServiceCooperative Extension Service►Hybrid SeedsHybrid Seeds
►Then the Dust Bowl and DepressionThen the Dust Bowl and Depression
Because of DepressionBecause of Depression
►Gov paid farmers for using soil Gov paid farmers for using soil conservation practicesconservation practices
►Soil conservation serviceSoil conservation service►FFAFFA►High crop yieldsHigh crop yields►Gov paid for more reserve and Gov paid for more reserve and
educationeducation►Antibiotics used for animalsAntibiotics used for animals
Last ½ of 20Last ½ of 20thth Century Century
►AIAI►More productionMore production►Electric fencesElectric fences►PesticidesPesticides►FuturesFutures►ComputersComputers
SuccessSuccess
►1 farmer feeds 150 people1 farmer feeds 150 people►US feeds less than 9% of income on US feeds less than 9% of income on
foodfood►exportsexports