ALBUM OF THE AMERICAN COLONIESHolly Hampton

History 140

May 20th 2010

American Colonies The first European explorers

were stunned by the distinctive flora, fauna, and human cultures found in the Americas.

Colonization literally alienated the land from its native inhabitants.

In 1469 the marriage of Queen Isabella and Prince Ferdinand united Aragon and Castile to create “Spain”

American Colonies In March of 1536, Spanish

slaves raiders in Northwestern Mexico were surprised to find three Spaniards and a Moorish slaves all dressed as Indians and accompanied by nearly six hundred natives with Cabeza de Vaca as leader.

Cabeza de Vaca had to learn their ways to survive.

He preached a policy of pacification, more akin to Las Casas than to Cortes.

American Colonies English meant to Christianize the

Indians by first absorbing them as economic subordinates.

Captain John Smith described Virginia as “overgrown with trees and weeds, being a plain wildernes as God first made it.”

In Virginia as in Ireland, the colonial leaders sustained an overwhelming sense of cultural superiority that was impervious to the mounting evidence of their own follies in a land long mastered by the Indians.

American Colonies English culture expected all adults to

marry and divided their labor into male and female responsibility.

The New English understood marriage as both romantic and economic.

A young couple developed an attraction and proposed their marriage to parents for approval.

First family, second Church and third common-wealth

Puritanism regarded women and men as spiritual equals.

Struggle & Survival

Individual defiance is by definition idiosyncratic

Slave-owners lived in great fear of the violence that slaves might perpetrate against them.

Defiance among free persons was most often a matter of simply refusing regular employment, remaining on the margins of society, and choosing to live from hand to mouth.

Struggle & Survival Mexica centered on the belief in

recurrent destructions and recreations of historical and religious epochs.

Ocelotl, predicted the coming of bearded white men who would wrest control of the land from the great tlatoani or emperor.

The native clergy very quickly lost both office and influence.

Undercover priest were obliged to act independently of each other and according to their own lights and recollections.

Struggle & Survival Miguel Hernandez was a free mulatto. He acquired an education and became

a community figure in his own way. He found success and love in an era of

increasing social and racial prejudice. Increasingly toward the end of the

century life was difficult for people with mixed blood.

He was simply a diligent and persistent man that expanded the horizon of his own world.

Jesuit Relations Brebeuf was attached to the Huron

mission from its beginning to its end.

In this Huron cultural environment the missionary had only to look around him to learn about the native ways.

His knowledge was deepend through long conversations with Huron friends and acquaintances who told him of their metaphysical and customs and rituals.

He wrote “These foolish delusions”

Jesuit Relations The Jesuits did not see

themselves as doctors. Their priority was saving

souls, and when epidemics struck, they put most of their efforts into baptizing the dying rather than relieving the suffering of the living.

Many Huron medical procedures involved the mind as well as the body, for these natives did not see illness as s purely physical problem.

Aztecs The Triple Alliance, passed to a series

of rulers who extended the limits of the Aztec empire through a combination of warfare and diplomacy.

The most serious crisis erupted in 1473 when Tlatelolco, the commercial capital of the Mexica, rose up against its immediate neighbor and twin city Tenochtitlan.

The Aztecs sacrificed their victims on un unprecedented scale and appear to have been obsessed by the urgency of carrying out mass human sacrifices.

Sources

Slide 1 American Colonies ch. 2 Slide 2 American Colonies ch. 4 Slide 3 American Colonies ch. 6 Slide 4 American Colonies ch. 8 Slide 5 Struggle & Survival ch. 6 Slide 6 Struggle & Survival ch. 7 Slide 7 Struggle & Survival ch. 16 Slide 8 The Jesuit Relations ch. 2 Slide 9 The Jesuit Relations ch. 3 Slide 10 Aztecs the book