What is the continental United States?

Why did the United States expand westward after the American Revolution?

*America Claims Empire

*American Continent Expansion*Treaty of Paris of 1783

*Great Britain - after American Revolution*Louisiana Purchase (1803)*East of the Rocky Mountains to about the Mississippi*Helped fund Napoleon*Fear of French “sphere of influence”* Area where a country has economic/military control in another land

*Annexation of Texas (1845)*Most of Texas and some of Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma*Texas revolution * Emigration of Mexico to Mexico-Texas* Texas asked for slave emancipation

*American Continent Expansion*Oregon Country (1846)

*Obtained from France and Britain (fur traders)*Established the 49th Parallel as the Northern border

*Mexican Cession (1848)*Results from the Mexican War (United States and Mexico)*Started with Texas annexation

*Alaska (State – 1959)*Purchased from the Russian Empire – financial problems *William Seward $0.02 - $0.03 an acre (secretary of State under

Lincoln – “Sewards Icebox”)*Hawaii (State – 1959)*Strategic lifting point to Asia

*American Expansionism

*Imperialism and America*American Expansionism *Manifest Destiny* The movement of the US westward

*Pressured by imperialistic European countries* Exerting political, economic, and military control over another country* Examples:* British (Africa, India, and eastern US)

*Reasons for American imperialism:* Increase in military strength (political reason)*Need for a strong navy (Alfred Mahan)

*Thirst for New markets (economic reason)*Need for more raw materials*Need for new markets to sell goods* Overproduction (problems?)

* Couldn’t absorb all the products being created

*Cultural Superiority (cultural reason)* Social Darwinism* “Survival of the fittest”

*Spanish-American War*Why is there such an interest in Cuba?*Strategic location and resources (others?)

*Spanish Empire Questions (put in quiz)*Colonial powerhouse: (possessing colonies – purpose of…?)*Philippines, Guam (Pacific), and Caribbean islands of Cuba and Puerto

Rico*Order of events exercise*Cuban Independence*First War for Independence*Ended slavery on the island

*Second War for Independence*Herding population into concentration camps

*Yellow journalism*Writing style that exaggerates the news to lure and enrage readers

*Results in growing American sympathy

*Spanish-American War*U.S.S. Maine *Purpose – “business” trip* Protect American lives and business interests (sugar and mining)

*Exploded – blamed on Spanish mine – (article)*McKinley asks Congress for the Declaration of War

*War in the Philippines*Stop any resources that would help the Spanish

*War in the Caribbean*Blockade of Cuba (why?)* To stop any type of resource that may help the Spanish win

*American forces were ill-equipped * Lack of modern guns, wool uniforms, inadequate supplies

*Results in volunteer soldiers* Rough Riders – San Juan Hill (elevation the key to this war)

*Results of the Spanish-American War*End of the Spanish Empire*Free Cuba, turned over Guam, Puerto Rico, and sold the Philippines to the

United States*Video

Picture AnalysisLink

*Acquiring New Lands*Puerto Rico*Mixed feelings * Independence vs. Statehood (chart - why?)

*Strategic location*Gulf of Mexico and proximity to the Panama Canal

*Cuba*Granted “independence” *US issues the Platt Amendment *Ultimate purpose was to maintain control in Cuba* Could make no treaties* US could intervene with Cuba* Could not go in debt* US to buy land for military/navy

*Philippines (Section 2)*Gateway to the rest of Asia*Philippine-American War (3 years – American victory)* Placed rebels into “designated zones”

*Acquiring New Lands*China in 1900 (Questions)*European “spheres of influence” *Territorial area over which a country has political or economic

influence *Open Door Policy *European imperial powers to share trading rights in China w/ US* Results in the Boxer Rebellion (KWL)

* Chinese nationalists defending land against foreign powers

*Panama Canal

*America as a World Power*Panama Canal

*Canal to cut through Central America*Originally proposed: Nicaragua or Panama*Shorter time for trade and naval movements

*Policy toward Latin America*“Speak softly, but carry a big stick…” – Teddy Roosevelt*Afraid of LA countries coming under European control

*TR emphasized the Monroe Doctrine and added Roosevelt Corollary *Monroe Doctrine - European countries are NOT to intervene L.A. affairs*Roosevelt Corollary - U.S. to be international police in Western

Hemisphere* “If any nation in the Western Hemisphere appeared politically and financially

so unstable as to be vulnerable to European control, the United States has the right and obligation to intervene.”