A M E R I C A ’ S E C O N O M I C R E VO LU T I O N

CHAPTER 10

THE CHANGING AMERICAN POPULATION

• Population of Immigration Source, 1840-1860

THE CHANGING AMERICAN POPULATION

• The Rise of Nativism• Native American Party

• Goals/Objectives:

• Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner• Goals/Objectives:

• Know-Nothing Party• Goals/Objectives:

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

Turnpike and River Era – 1790s to 1820sCanal Era – 1825 to 1840s

Railroad Era – 1850s to 1940sAutomobile Era – 1920s to Present

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

Turnpikes National Road

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

• Steamboats• Robert Fulton

• Clermont

• Impact on transportation and trade?

• Erie Canal (See previous slide)• Significance

• Cost of trade• Direction of trade• Settlement of Northwest• New York City• Upstate New York• Canal Boom

• What was the effect?

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

• The Early Railroads• The Triumph of the Rails

• Northeast• Sectional• Short Lines• Trunk Lines

• Railroad Investors• 30 million acres of land toward development

• Why is this important that Congress acted immediately?

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

• Impact of Railroads• Promoted national trade and economic growth• Linked Northeast and old Northwest for trade

• Consolidation of early short lines leads to East to West Orientation

• Chicago

• Promoted the growth of other industry• Iron• Coal• Telegraph

• Encouraged farmers to specialize• First great corporations in US – model for later businesses

AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION

• Innovations in Communications and Journalism• Samuel Morse

• Telegraph• Instant Communication• Created more sectional differences – but how?

• Richard Hoe• Steam Cylinder Rotary Press• News Events – Major Cities

• Major Papers• Tribune, Herald, Times

AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION

• Commerce and Industry• The Expansion of Business, 1820 to 1840

• Department Stores• Rise of Corporations• Investment Capital

• Barter, Cash, Credit• Gold vs. Silver• Bank Problems

AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION

• The Emergence of the Factory• Changing Social Structures• Transformation of the Shoe Industry• Charles Goodyear (Vulcanization)• Singer and Howe (Clothes Production)

• Why did the Factory emerge over Merchants?

AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION

• Men and Women at Work• Recruiting a Native Work Force

• Family at Factories• Waltham System• Lowell Towns

• The Immigrant Work Force

• The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition• Trade Unions vs. the Panic of 1837

• Fighting for Control• Express Contracts• Commonwealth v. Hunt• Child Labor Laws