An-Najah National University Faculty of Engineering

Building Engineering Department

Graduation Project – 2

Integrated Design for Hotel

Prepared By:

Ahmad Khalid Shams Ammar Yaser Abu Hantash

Murad wael odwan

Yazan Ahmad AlKilani

Project supervisor:

Dr. Amr Toffaha

Outline:

Site of the project

Architectural Design.

Environmental Design.

Structural and seismic Design.

Mechanical Design.

Electrical Design.

Safety Design.

Site of the project:

Location and site: Area=21000m2

Site of the project:

Location and site:

Architectural Architectural DesignDesign

The Site Plan for the project:

Ground Floor plan(Area =4072 m2)

First Floor plan(Area =2840 m2)

second Floor plan(Area =2840 m2)

Third Floor plan(Area =2840 m2)

forth Floor plan(Area =2840 m2)

North elevation

South elevation

West elevation

East elevation

Section A-A

Section B-B

Section C-C

18

Environmental Environmental DesignDesign

The good orientation of the hotel which The good orientation of the hotel which allows sunlight to enter the hotel in the allows sunlight to enter the hotel in the

winter winter from most areas to maximize heat gain in winter. In the other hand we use double glass for

windows and cantilever in all elevations to reduce heat gain in summer. and internal vertical shutters

on West and East walls

Orientation of the building:

Annual sun path for the hotel

Sun path in January month:

Sun path in July month:

layers for external walls (U = 0.560 W/m2.k.)

U-value for the windows 2.260

26

Acoustical Design (Walls): Bedroom to Bedroom: type of walls between bedrooms is hollow blocks 20 cm thickness.

STC required between bedrooms = 52 db

layers STC

8-in. Dense hollow block 48

Add plaster to both sides Plus 4

Total 52

Acoustical Design (Walls): Corridor to Bedroom: type of walls between bedrooms is hollow blocks 20 cm thickness.

STC required between bedrooms = 52 db

layers STC

8-in. Dense hollow block 48Add furring strips, lath and plaster to both sides Plus 10

Total 58

Hall meetings must be completely isolated on the outside as well as having sound absorbing materials inside the hall and to achieve this was to use Acoustic panels with the highest sound absorption.

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Structural and Structural and Seismic DesignSeismic Design

Design Codes

The American Concrete Institute code

ACI 318-08.

The seismic design according to UBC-97.

The analysis and design were done using

SAP2000 program.

Structural Design

General note: In seismic design we divide the hotel into 5

blocks to make regular shapes and a seismic joint between them. Then we distribute columns and shear walls as shown below.

1. Concrete compressive strength :

f’c =28 MPa for slabs, footing, and beams.

f’c =35MPa for columns, and shear walls.

2.Yielding strength of steel

The yield strength of steel Fy= 420MPa

3. Bearing capacity of soil

the bearing capacity of soil = 350 KN/m2

* Design data :

Structural system for block(3):One way ribbed slab with hidden beams

Thickness of slab: The longest span(one end continues) = 530 cm.The thickness of slab (h) = Ln/18.5 = 530/18.5

=28cmThe thickness of slab (h) = 31 cm

Beams dimension

columns dimension

Footings dimension

Type Dimension (mm)

Main beams 650*310

Secondary beams 400*310

Type Dimension (mm)Internal Columns 800*400

Edge Columns 700*400Circular Columns 500 mm diameter

Type Dimension (cm) Internal isolated Footing 270*270*60

Edge isolated Footing 240*240*50Wall Footing 230*600*50

The distribution of columns and shear walls in the building:

3D Modeling from SAP2000 Program:

Check Model: Compatibility check

Equilibrium checks:

Manual SAP Error%

Dead load 64740 63549 1.84 %

Live load 13356.1 13235.9 .92 %

Seismic design using Response Spectrum – UBC 97:

W = 64740KN

Soil type SB

I = 1

R = 4.5

Cv = 0.20

Ca = 0.20

T = 0.4353 sec.

V = 6610 KN

Natural Period (T) for the building:

T(sec)

From SAP 0.462

Manual 0.4353

Structural System Design :1. Slab design:

1. Slab design:

2. Main Beam Design:

3. Columns Design (Edge Square Column):

3. Columns Design (Edge Square Column):

3. Columns Design (Internal Square Column):

3. Columns Design (Internal Square Column):

4. Footings Design:

4. Footings Design (Internal Isolated Footing):

4. Footings Design (Edge Isolated Footing):

4. Footings Design (Wall Footing):

5. Shear Walls Design:

5. Reinforcement details around openings:

Mechanical Mechanical

DesignDesign

General Mechanical design of a building involves many

aspects including:

1. Water Supply System.2. Drainage System Design.3. Vertical Transportation (Elevators).4. HVAC System

Water Supply System** Large-size Underground water tank :

Capacity = 150 cubic meter.

** two water tanks on the roof for cold water :

Capacity = 30 cubic meter for each.

** two water tanks on the roof for hot water :

Capacity = 20 cubic meter for each.

** two Pump each one between the underground tank and the cold water tank on the roof .

1-Water Supply System:

At the beginning of the design we've divided the building into four zones as shown in the following figure and we designed the zone A.

1-Water Supply System: (The first floor to the forth floor water supply layout):

1-Water Supply System:

Calculations :

Main feederType of supply control

Number of F.U

Water demand (gpm)

Zone A Flush Tank 232 72 Zone B Flush Tank 170 61 Zone C Flush Tank 179 62 Zone D Flush Tank 180 63

1-Water Supply System:

Calculations :

** Pipes diameters for zone A:

floor Diameter for M.V.F(inch)

Diameter for M.H.F(inch)

Diameter for inch)) branches

G.F 2 1.25 0.5

first 2 1.25 3/8

second 2 1.25 3/4

1-Water Supply System:

Calculations :

The design of the last two floors like the second floor in addition to the auxiliary pump for each floor works 24 hours which is called

Joke and the powers for the pump as follows:

The power of the pump for F4 = 0.433*(1 floor * 10.5 ft.) = 4.55 psi.

1-Water Supply System:

Hot Water supply:

**We have two water tank for hot water on the roof .

**each one connect with solar panels and a boiler to heating water .

 

** Hot water pipes diameters will be the same of the cold water pipes diameters used.

2- Drainage System DesignPipes diameters:

** The vertical stack pipe diameter = 4 inch.

** horizontal pipes from laundry, kitchen sink and bathtub up to the floor drain diameter = 2 inch @ ¼ inch per foot slope.

** Horizontal pipe from floor drain to the vertical stack diameter = 4 inch @ 1/8 inch per foot slope.

2- Drainage System Design (Pipes diameters):

** horizontal pipe from lavatory to the vertical stack diameter = 4 inch @ 1/8 inch per foot slope.

** The main drain pipes (underground pipes) diameter = 6 inch @ 1% slope.

3- Vertical transportation (Elevators):

** The required elevators for the hotel after making the calculations are:

Two motor driven elevators:Capacity = 2500 lb., and speed = 350 fpm.

One special elevator for hotel services.

To increase well-being in the hotel and to facilitate the movement of customers we used four elevators and two for service.

4- HVAC System:

A heating , ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system is designed to satisfy the environmental requirements of comfort in summer and winter . In this section we designed the first floor which shown in the figure .

4- HVAC System: U values and :

Material U(W/m2.k)

External wall 0.560

ceiling 0.50

Glass(Double glazed low emittance) 2.260

Wood door 3.60

4- HVAC System: Heating Load :

The heat loss of a building consists of :

Heat loss through all exposed walls ceiling ,floor , windows and doors .

Heat loss from ventilation and infiltration.

Domestic hot water load.

4- HVAC System: Heating Load Calculations :

heat loss by conduction = 22098 W

Heat loss by infiltration and ventilation= 32465 W

Domestic hot water load = 8128 W

Heat load for boiler =( 22098 W+ 32465 W+ 8128 W)1.1=68960 W

4- HVAC System: Heating Load Calculations :

No. of section and radiators:Each room need one radiator .Corridors A,C need two radiators.Corridors B,D need one radiator.Corridors E need four radiators.Each W.C need one radiator.

Each space from previous spaces need number of sections different from other spaces .

4- HVAC System: Cooling Load :

The heat gain of a building consists of :

Heat gain from all exposed walls, ceiling ,floor , windows and doors .

Heat gain from people.

Heat gain from lighting.

4- HVAC System: Cooling Load Calculations :

Total heat gain =69383 W

Number of exact :Each room from (1-12) need two exacts .Each room from (13-18) need three exacts .Each room from (19-26) need two exacts .Corridors A,C need five exacts.Corridors B,D need two exacts.Corridors E need six exacts.

ElectricalElectrical

DesignDesign

Electrical DesignThe lighting design depends on two types of lighting : Day light. Artificial lighting.

Artificial lighting design depend on several factors such as:

Room dimension. The function of the room . Selection of the luminaries. Maintenance factor for lamps. Reflection factors for ceiling, walls, and floors.

Electrical Design Restaurant: E recommended for restaurant = 200 lux E avg from dialux = 300 lux

Electrical Design Bedroom: E recommended for bedroom = 200 lux E avg from dialux = 252 lux

Electrical Design Distribution of lighting and switches for bedrooms:

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Electrical Design Distribution of lighting and sockets for bedrooms:

SafetySafety

DesignDesign

Safety Design

Safety design in the hotel includes many points such as:

1- stairs and distribute it in the hotel, in our project we have distributed four stairs tow of them at the middle and tow stairs at the edges of the hotel

2- safety signs and distribute it in the hotel.

these two points to help people to evacuate the hotel in any case of emergency quickly and easily.

Safety Signs used and distributed in the hotel:

Safety Signs used and distributed in the hotel:

Right Exit Left Exit Exit

Output stairs Do not use elevators

Safety Signs used and distributed in the hotel:

Fire Exit First aid

Emergency Lights

Manual fire alarm

Smoke detectorsExtinguishers

Safety Design

3- The third point in the design of safety is put out the fire in case the incident occurred and for this case we have used automatic sprinkler.

***The hotels are classified as Medium hazard, so the max distance from sprinkler to another Should not be more than 4.6 m, and the area that covers by each sprinkler Should not be more than 12.1 m2.

Safety Designcalculation for sprinklers: Area for each room in F1,F2,F3,F4=46.75 m2

Area for each sprinkler = 12.1 m

NO. of sprinkler for each room=46.75/12.1=3.8

Use 4 sprinkler for each room

Each room need for 4 sprinkler and 2 smoke detectors