André Derain 1

André Derain

André Derain

Self-portrait in studio, c.1903Born 10 June 1880Chatou, Yvelines,

Île-de-France

Died 8 September 1954 (aged 74)Garches, Hauts-de-Seine, Île-de-France

Field Painting, Sculpture

Training Académie Camillo, Académie Julian

Movement Fauvism

André Derain (10 June 1880 – 8 September 1954) was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvismwith Henri Matisse.[1]

Biography

Early yearsDerain was born in 1880 in Chatou, Yvelines, Île-de-France, just outside Paris. In 1898, while studying to be anengineer at the Académie Camillo,[2] he attended painting classes under Eugène Carrière, and there met Matisse. In1900, he met and shared a studio with Maurice de Vlaminck and began to paint his first landscapes. His studies wereinterrupted from 1901 to 1904 when he was conscripted into the French army. Following his release from service,Matisse persuaded Derain's parents to allow him to abandon his engineering career and devote himself solely topainting; subsequently Derain attended the Académie Julian.[3]

FauvismDerain and Matisse worked together through the summer of 1905 in the Mediterranean village of Collioure and later that year displayed their highly innovative paintings at the Salon d'Automne. The vivid, unnatural colors led the critic Louis Vauxcelles to derisively dub their works as les Fauves, or "the wild beasts", marking the start of the Fauvist movement. In March 1906, the noted art dealer Ambroise Vollard sent Derain to London to compose a series of paintings with the city as subject. In 30 paintings (29 of which are still extant), Derain put forth a portrait of London that was radically different from anything done by previous painters of the city such as Whistler or Monet. With bold colors and compositions, Derain painted multiple pictures of the Thames and Tower Bridge. These London paintings remain among his most popular work. Art critic T.G Rosenthal: " Not since Monet has anyone made London seem so fresh and yet remain quintessentially English. Some of his views of the Thames use the Pointillist technique of multiple dots, although by this time, because the dots have become much larger, it is rather more simply the separation of colours called Divisionism and it is peculiarly effective in conveying the

André Derain 2

fragmentation of colour in moving water in sunlight." [4]

In 1907 art dealer Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler purchased Derain's entire studio, granting Derain financial stability. Heexperimented with stone sculpture and moved to Montmartre to be near his friend Pablo Picasso and other notedartists. Fernande Olivier, Picasso's mistress at the time, described Derain[5] as:

Slim, elegant, with a lively colour and enamelled black hair. With an English chic, somewhat striking.Fancy waistcoats, ties in crude colours, red and green. Always a pipe in his mouth, phlegmatic,mocking, cold, an arguer.

At Montmartre, Derain began to shift from the brilliant Fauvist palette to more muted tones, showing the influenceof Cubism and Paul Cézanne.[6] (According to Gertrude Stein, there is a tradition that Derain discovered and wasinfluenced by African sculpture before the Cubists did.[7] ) Derain supplied woodcuts in primitivist style for anedition of Guillaume Apollinaire's first book of prose, L'enchanteur pourrissant (1909). He displayed works at theNeue Künstlervereinigung in Munich in 1910,[8] in 1912 at the secessionist Der Blaue Reiter[9] and in 1913 at theseminal Armory Show in New York. He also illustrated a collection of poems by Max Jacob in 1912.

Towards a new classicismAt about this time Derain's work began overtly reflecting his study of the Old Masters. The role of color was reducedand forms became austere; the years 1911–1914 are sometimes referred to as his gothic period. In 1914 he wasmobilized for military service in World War I and until his release in 1919 he would have little time for painting,although in 1916 he provided a set of illustrations for André Breton's first book, Mont de Piete.After the war, Derain won new acclaim as a leader of the renewed classicism then ascendant. With the wildness ofhis Fauve years far behind, he was admired as an upholder of tradition.[10] In 1919 he designed the ballet LaBoutique fantasque for Diaghilev, leader of the Ballets Russes.[11] A major success, it would lead to his creatingmany ballet designs.The 1920s marked the height of his success, as he was awarded the Carnegie Prize in 1928 and began to exhibitextensively abroad—in London, Berlin, Frankfurt, Düsseldorf, New York City and Cincinnati, Ohio.[5]

During the German occupation of France in World War II, Derain lived primarily in Paris and was much courted bythe Germans because he represented the prestige of French culture. Derain accepted an invitation to make an officialvisit to Germany in 1941, traveling with other French artists to Berlin to attend an exhibition by Nazi sculptor ArnoBreker.[6] The Nazi propaganda machine naturally made much of Derain's presence in Germany, and after theLiberation he was branded a collaborator and ostracized by many former supporters.A year before his death, he contracted an eye infection from which he never fully recovered. He died in Garches,Hauts-de-Seine, Île-de-France, France in 1954 when he was struck by a moving vehicle.[12]

Today, paintings by Derain sell for as much as US$6 million. The London paintings were the subject of a majorexhibition at the Courtauld Institute 2005–2006.

André Derain 3

Charing Cross Bridge, London(1906), National Gallery of Art,

Washington, D.C.

Landscape in Provence (Paysagede Provence) (c. 1908), Brooklyn

Museum, Brooklyn

Portrait of a Girl inBlack (1913), State

Hermitage Museum,Saint Petersburg

Portrait of aMan with aNewspaper

(1911-1914),State HermitageMuseum, Saint

Petersburg

References[1] Sabine, Rewald. "Fauvism" (http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ toah/ hd/ fauv/ hd_fauv. htm). from Timeline of Art History. New York: The

Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. . Retrieved 2007-12-17.[2] Cowling and Mundy, 1990, p.92[3] "International Painting and Sculpture - Le Cavalier au cheval blanc" (http:/ / www. nga. gov. au/ international/ Catalogue/ Detail.

cfm?ViewID=1& MnuID=2& GalID=4& SubViewID=1& BioArtistIRN=12005& IRN=98696). National Gallery of Australia. . Retrieved2007-12-17.

[4] Tom Rosenthal, reviewing Derain's London paintings on show at the Courtauld Gallery, The Independent 4 December 2005[5] Clement, 1994, p.396[6] "Works on View: André Derain" (http:/ / www. guggenheimlasvegas. org/ past/ exhibition_187_work_md_575. html). Guggenheim

Hermitage Museum. . Retrieved 2007-12-18.[7] Stein, The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=jGnXrfaioxQC& pg=PT59& dq=�Picassoites+ and+

were+ definitely+ not+ Matisseites�& hl=en& ei=GZhATMfhK4OB8gaT2bzrDw& sa=X& oi=book_result& ct=result& resnum=1&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage& q=Derain Negro& f=false)

[8] Hamilton, 1993, p.207[9] Sotriffer, 1972, p.59[10] Cowling and Mundy, 1990, pp.92–93[11] australiadancing (http:/ / www. australiadancing. org/ subjects/ 4861. html)[12] "André Derain Biography" (http:/ / www. andre-derain. de/ e/ index. shtml). Namen der Kunst. Art Directory GmbH. . Retrieved

2008-01-03.

Further reading• Clement, Russell (1994). Les Fauves: A Sourcebook. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-28333-8.• Cowling, Elizabeth; Mundy, Jennifer (1990). On Classic Ground: Picasso, Léger, de Chirico and the New

Classicism 1910–1930. London: Tate Gallery. ISBN 1-85437-043-X• Hamilton, George Heard (1993). Painting and Sculpture in Europe, 1880–1940. Yale University Press. ISBN

0-300-05649-4.• Sotriffer, Kristian (1972). Expressionism and Fauvism. McGraw-Hill. OCLC 1149407.

André Derain 4

External links• André Derain: A Virtual Art Gallery (http:/ / www. halter. net/ gallery/ derain-tr. html)• Derain, André (http:/ / serdar-hizli-art. com/ modern_painting/ derain_andre. htm)• Ten Dreams Galleries (http:/ / www. tendreams. org/ derain. htm)• Works by André Derain (public domain in Canada)

Article Sources and Contributors 5

Article Sources and ContributorsAndré Derain  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=432804609  Contributors: A. Carty, Aadavalus, Addshore, Animum, Anna Lincoln, AnnaKucsma, Attilios, Bus stop, Caltas,Can't sleep, clown will eat me, CharlotteWebb, CommonsDelinker, D6, Daniel Case, David Gale, Dcoetzee, Dina, DocSigma, Dogaroon, Dr.K., Duck16, Ed Poor, Epbr123, Ewulp, Fentener vanVlissingen, Forte458, Gaius Cornelius, George The Dragon, Gilliam, Hornlitz, Icairns, Ixfd64, J.delanoy, JaGa, Jeff G., Jkdrummerboy, John, John254, Kaganer, Kane5187, Lightlike, Lockley,Lupin, M-le-mot-dit, MPHalter, Madhero88, Major optics, Mandarax, Matthew Yeager, Mike6271, Miranda, Modernist, Mwng, No Guru, Patrizia, Peripatetic, Pethan, Prodego, Promking,Redf0x, Rockpocket, Ronhjones, Sayerslle, Shanel, Sillyman9, Sirtrebuchet, Sluzzelin, Sparkit, Spinster, StaticGull, Stavros-athens, Stepshep, Stormie, Stwalkerster, Suisui, The Thing ThatShould Not Be, TheAllSeeingEye, Thingg, Tohd8BohaithuGh1, Tree Biting Conspiracy, Tyrenius, Wassup ahhh, Wizardman, Woohookitty, Yann, Zoe, 165 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Self-portrait in studio by André Derain.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Self-portrait_in_studio_by_André_Derain.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors:André Derain (1880-1954)File:Derain CharingCrossBridge.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Derain_CharingCrossBridge.png  License: unknown  Contributors: Anakin101, Dcoetzee, Fentenervan Vlissingen, Kaganer, Mechamind90, Modernist, Petropoxy (Lithoderm Proxy), Stormie, Thuresson, Tomos, Wassup ahhh, 3 anonymous editsFile:Landscape in Provence (Paysage de Provence) - André Derain.jpg  Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Landscape_in_Provence_(Paysage_de_Provence)_-_André_Derain.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: André Derain (10 June 1880 – 8September 1954)File:Derain - Portrait of a Girl in Black (1913).jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Derain_-_Portrait_of_a_Girl_in_Black_(1913).jpg  License: unknown  Contributors:Dcoetzee, Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90File:Derain - Portrait of a Man with a Newspaper.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Derain_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_with_a_Newspaper.jpg  License: unknown Contributors: Dcoetzee, Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90

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