ANNEX 3 - European Commission...referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EEC; E. Official declaration for live animals, hatching eggs and products of B elgian origin covered

HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS ANNEX 3 - July 2004

INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF - LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS

REF.NR.: TEND/AML/2001/07/20

HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES USED AS

ORGANIC FERTILISERS

ENV.A.2./ETU/2001/0024

ANNEX 3 INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF –

LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS

BY

WORKING GROUP

COMPOST – CONSULTING & DEVELOPMENT TECHNICAL OFFICE FOR AGRICULTURE

DI FLORIAN AMLINGER HOCHBERGSTR. 3

A-2380 PERCHTOLDSDORF (AUSTRIA)

WPA – CONSULTING ENGINEERS INC. DI, DR. MICHAEL POLLAK LACKIERERGASSE 1/4 A-1090 WIEN (AUSTRIA)

SCUOLA AGRARIA DEL PARCO DI MONZA GRUPPO DI STUDIO SUL COMPOSTAGGIO E LA

GESTIONE INTEGRATA DEI RIFIUTI DR. ENZO FAVOINO

VIALE CAVRIGA 3I-20052 MONZA (ITALY)


INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF - 2 LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS



ANNEX 3 – INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF – LEGISLATION AND

BACKGROUND LEVELS

1 European Legislation 4

2 PTE (heavy metal) content in foodstuffs 12

3 Organic Pollutant Content in Foodstuffs 33

3.1 Dioxins 33

3.2 Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF 33

Tables :

Table A3- 1: Arsenic (mg kg-1) 12 Table A3- 2: Cadmium (mg kg-1) 14 Table A3- 3: Chromium (mg kg-1) 17 Table A3- 4: Copper (mg kg-1) 21 Table A3- 5: Mercury (mg kg-1) 24 Table A3- 6: Nickel (mg kg-1) 25 Table A3- 7: Lead (mg kg-1) 27 Table A3- 8: Zinc (mg kg-1) 29 Table A3- 9:International Toxic Equivalency Factors (I-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al. 1980)

34 Table A3- 10: WHO Toxic Equivalency Factors (WHO-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (van Leeuwen

and Younes 1998) 34 Table A3- 11: PCDD/PCDF pg I-TEQ g-1 (pg WHO-TEQ g-1 for feedingstuffs) 35 Table A3- 12: PCB µg kg-1 43 Table A3- 13: PAH µg kg-1 44 Table A3- 14: HCB µg g-1 45 Table A3- 15: Aldrin/Dieldrin 46 Table A3- 16: DDT and congeners µg kg-1 47



1 European Legislation

European Community. Commission Decision 1999/640/EC of 23 September 1999 on protective measures with regard to contamination by dioxins of certain products of porcine and poultry origin intended for human or animal consumption. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 253, 29 September

1999, pp. 19-31)

Article 1 of this Decision, which has been adopted having regard to, inter alia, Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market (see IDHL, 1990, 41, 605, EEC 90.47), as amended by Council Directive 92/118/EEC of 17 December 1992 (see ibid., 1993, 44, 468, EEC 93.30), lays down that Belgium is to prohibit the placing on the market, including distribution to the final consumer, the trade, and the export to third countries of a range of porcine and poultry products (as listed) which are intended for human or animal consumption. Under Article 8, Member States are to adopt the necessary measures to bring their trade rules into conformity with this Decision. They are to immediately inform the Commission thereof. The following Annexes are appended: A. Minimum levels for PCB for certain products listed in Article 1(1); B. Health certificate for products intended for human or animal consumption of Belgian origin derived from poultry and pigs listed in Article 1(1) of Decision 1999/640/EC; C. Official declaration for poultry and hatching eggs referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EC; D. Official declaration for pigs referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EEC; E. Official declaration for live animals, hatching eggs and products of Belgian origin covered by Article 1(1) and Article 1(3) which were dispatched from Belgium after 15 January 1999; and F. Health certificate for products of Belgian origin covered by Decision 1999/640/EC intended to be returned to Belgium from Member States.

European Community. Commission Directive 2000/81/EC of 18 December 2000 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables, respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 326, 22

December 2000, pp. 56-62)

Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.

http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex

European Community. Commission Directive 2000/82/EC of 20 December 2000 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 76/895/EEC, 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on fruit and vegetables, cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of

the European Communities, No. L 3, 6 January 2001, pp. 18-26)

The entries in Annex II to Directives 76/895/EEC of 23 November 1976 (see IDHL, 1977, 28, 247), 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in Articles 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Recommendation 2001/42/EC of 22 December 2000 concerning a coordinated Community monitoring programme for 2001 to ensure compliance with



maximum levels of pesticide residues in and on cereals and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 11, 16 January 2001, pp. 40-45)

This Recommendation has been made having regard to, inter alia, Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), as amended, and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9), as amended.


European Community. Commission Regulation (EC) No 466/2001 of 8 March 2001 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16

March 2001, p. 1-13)

Article 1 lays down, inter alia: that the foodstuffs indicated in Annex 1 must not, when placed on the market, contain higher contaminant levels than specified in that Annex (which comprises the following Sections: 1. Nitrates; 2. Mycotoxins; 3. Heavy metals; and 4. 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD)); and that the sampling and analysis methods used must be those specified therein.


European Community. Commission Directive 2001/22/EC of 8 March 2001 laying down the sampling methods and the methods of analysis for the official control of the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and 3-MCPD in foodstuffs. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16 March 2001, pp. 14-21)

This Directive has been issued having regard to, inter alia, Council Directive 85/591/EEC of 20 December 1985 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 65, EEC 86.3). The following Annexes are appended: I. Methods of sampling for official control of the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and 3-MCPD in certain foodstuffs; and II. Sample preparation and criteria for methods of analysis used in the official control of the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and 3-MCPD in certain foodstuffs.


European Community. Commission Decision 2001/182/EC of 8 March 2001 repealing Decision 93/351/EEC determining analysis methods, sampling plans and maximum limits for mercury in fishery products. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16 March 2001, pp. 22-23)

The above-mentioned Decision of 19 May 1993 (see IDHL, 1993, 44, 643, EEC 93.44) is repealed.


European Community. Commission Directive 2001/35/EC of 11 May 2001 amending the Annexes to Council Directive 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximium levels for pesticide residues in and on certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No.

L 136, 18 May 2001, pp. 42-48)

The maximum levels listed in the Annex to this Directive replace those listed in Annex II to Directive 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see IDHL, 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9), as amended.


European Community. Commission Directive 2001/39/EC of 23 May 2001 amending the Annexes



to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 148, 1 June 2001, pp.

70-77)

The entries in Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Directive 2001/48/EC of 28 June 2001 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 180, 3 July 2001, pp. 26-33)

Annex II to Directive 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38) and Annex II to Directive 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Directive 2001/57/EC of 25 July 2001 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 208, 1 August 2001,

pp. 36-43)

The entries in Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Directive 2000/58/EC of 22 September 2000 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegatables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 244, 29

September 2000, pp. 78-83)

Amendments to Annex II to Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) concern the addition of the fungicide kresoxim methyl.


European Community. Council Directive 1999/29/EC of 22 April 1999 on the undesirable substances and products in animal nutrition. (Official Journal of the

European Communities, No. L 115, 4 May 1999, pp. 32-46)



Articles 4 and 12 of this Directive read as follows:

"Article 4

1. Member States shall prescribe that the substances and products listed in Annex I shall be tolerated in feedingstuffs only under the conditions therein set out. 2. Member States may authorise the maximum permitted levels provided for in Annex I in respect of feedingstuffs to be exceeded in the case of fodder which is produced and used in the same state on the same agricultural holding where this is necessary for particular local reasons. The Member States concerned shall ensure that neither animal nor human health can suffer harm thereby."

"Article 12

1. Member States shall take all necessary measures to ensure that feedingstuffs and feed materials are officially controlled, at least by random sampling, to verify whether the conditions laid down in this Directive are satisfied. 2. Member States shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of the name of the departments appointed to carry out this control. 3. Member States shall prescribe that where an operator (importer, producer, etc.) or a person who, by virtue of his professional activities, possesses, or has possessed, or has had direct contact with a consignment of feed materials or of feedingstuffs and has knowledge to the effect that:

- the consignment of feed materials is unsuitable for any use in animal feedingstuffs because of contamination by an undesirable substance or product listed in Annexes I and II, and therefore does not meet the provisions of Article 3(1) and consequently constitutes a serious risk for animal and public health, - the consignment of feedingstuffs does not meet the provisions of Annex I, and therefore constitutes a serious risk for animal and public health, such a person or operator shall immediately inform the official authorities even if the destruction of the consignment is envisaged. After verifying the information received, Member States shall ensure that, in the case of a contaminated consignment, the measures necessary are taken to ensure that the consignment is not used in animal nutrition. Member States shall ensure that the final destination of the contaminated consignment, including possible destruction, cannot have harmful effects on public or animal health or on the environment. 4. If a consignment of feed materials or a consignment of feedingstuffs is likely to be sent to a Member State after it has been judged not to comply with the provisions of this Directive on account of an excessive content of undesirable substances or products in another Member States, the latter Member State shall immediately give the other Member States and the Commission any useful information concerning the consignment."

European Community. Commission Directive 1999/71/EC of 14 July 1999 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 194, 27 July 1999,

pp. 36-44)

A number of additions are made to Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9).

European Community. Commission Regulation (EC) No 645/2000 of 28 March 2000 setting out detailed implementing rules necessary for the proper functioning of certain provisions of Article 7 of Council Directive 86/362/EECa and of Article 4 of Council Directive 90/642/EECb concerning the arrangements for monitoring the maximum levels of pesticide residues in and on cereals and products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables, respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 78, 29 March 2000, pp. 7-9)

Notes: aIDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38; bibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9.


European Community. Commission Decision of 5 April 2000 amending Decision 91/516/EEC



establishing a list of ingredients whose use is prohibited in compound feedingstuffs. (Official Journal of the

European Communities, No. L 94, 14 April 2000, pp. 43-44)

This Decision, which amends point 5 of the Annex to the above-mentioned Decision (see IDHL, 1992, 43, 107, EEC 92.12), deals with wastewater.


European Community. Commission Directive 2000/24/EC of 28 April 2000 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 76/895/EEC, 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European

Communities, No. L 107, 4 May 2000, pp. 28-37)

Council Directives 76/895/EEC of 23 November 1976 (see IDHL, 1977, 28, 24/), 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 1986, 37, 919, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Directive 2000/42/EC of 22 June 2000 amending the Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 158, 30 June 2000, pp.

51-75)

The Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 919, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the Annexes to the present Directive.


European Community. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1525/98 of 16 July 1998 amending Regulation (EC) No 194/97 of 31 January 1997 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs . (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 201, 17 July 1997, pp. 43-46)

The Annex to Regulation (EC) No 194/97 of 31 January 1997 (see IDHL, 1997, 48, 202, EC 97.19) is amended by, inter alia, the insertion of a table setting out maximum admissible levels for aflatoxins in a range of agricultural products (groundnuts, nuts and dried fruit, cereals, and milk and milk products), together with details of the sampling and reference analysis methods to be used.

European Community. Commission Directive 98/60/EC of 24 July 1998 amending Council Directive 74/63/EEC on the fixing of maximum permitted levels for undesirable substances and products in feedingstuffs . (Official Journal of tbe European Communities, No. L 209, 25 July 1998, pp. 50-51)

Under Article 1, Annex I and Annex II, Part A, to Council Directive 74/63/EEC of 17 December 1973, as last amended by Commission Directive 97/8/EC of 7 February 1997 (see IDHL, 1997, 48, 202, EC 97.20), are amended as set out in the Annex to the present Directive.

Finland. Ordinance No. 578 of 12 June 2000 of the Ministry of Trade and Industry amending the Decree of the Ministry of Trade and Industry on maximum levels of certain of the commonest contaminants in foodstuffs. (Finlands Författningssamling, 22 June 2000, Nos. 566-579, p. 1380)



This Ordinance, which amends the above-mentioned Decree of 1 March 1996 (see IDHL, 1996, 47, 498, Fin. 96.15, footnote), establishes the maximum level for tin at: 150 mg/kg for preparations packaged in tin foil, with the exception of infant food and beverages; and 50 mg/kg for infant food and beverages.

Finland. Ordinance No. 273 of 15 March 2001 of the Ministry of Trade and Industry on the maximum levels for certain pesticides in fruit and vegetables and in cereals, eggs, and egg products. (Finlands Författningssamling, 28 March 2001, Nos. 265-274, p. 799)

This Ordinance, which has been made in pursuance of the Food Law (No. 361) of 17 March 1995 (see IDHL, 1996, 47, 201, Fin. 96.1), provides for the implementation of certain Commission Directives, including 2000/58/EC of 22 September 2000 (see ibid., 2000, 51, EC 00.051).

Belgium. Ministerial Order of 4 October 1999 on laboratory analyses carried out within the context of the dioxin crisis. (Moniteur belge, 6 October 1999, No. 197, pp. 37521-37522)

This Order has been issued in view of the urgent need to step up the elimination of the consequences of the dioxin crisis and organize the defrayment by the public authorities of the costs incurred by laboratory analyses aimed at the detection of PCB and dioxin residues in certain foodstuffs of animal origin.

http://194.7.188.126/justice/index_fr.htm

Belgium. Ministerial Order of 25 October 1999 promulgating temporary measures in order to control the spread of contamination by dioxins . (Moniteur belge,

29 October 1999, No. 214, 2nd Edition, pp. 40906-40907)

Notes: Repeals the Ministerial Orders of 8 June 1999 and 17 September 1999 on the same subject.


Belgium. Crown Order of 19 May 2000 determining the maximum levels of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in certain foods . (Moniteur belge, 31 May 2000, No. 107, pp. 18791-18792)

Includes an Annex listing congeners and their toxicity equivalence factors.

Notes: Repeals the Crown Orders of 23 April 1998 and 28 December 1999 on the same subject.


Denmark. Order No. 110 of 19 February 2001 on the maximum levels for pesticide residues in foodstuffs and feeding stuffs. (Lovtidende, 2001, Part A, 27 February 2001, No. 21, pp. 593-748)

This Order, which has been made in pursuance of, inter alia, the Food Law (No. 471) of 1 July 1998, contains provisions that implement a number of EC Directives, including Council Directive 90/642/EC of 27 November 1990 (see IDHL, 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9).

Denmark. Order No. 621 of 29 July 1999 prohibiting trade in foodstuffs contaminated with dioxin. (Lovtidende, 1999, Part A, 30 July 1999, No. 117, pp. 4209-4212)

This Order, which has been made in pursuance of, inter alia, Law No. 310 of 6 June 1973 on foodstuffs, etc. (see IDHL, 1973, 24, 755), as amended, repeals Orders No. 430 of 9 June 1999 and No. 613 of 22 July 1999 on the same subject. Its principal effect is to prohibit, subject to certain exceptions, the importation from Belgium of foodstuffs of animal origin or foodstuffs that contain products of animal origin as ingredients. The ban also applies to products of Belgian origin imported from other countries.



France. Circular DGS/VS 3 No. 98-333 of 11 June 1998 on the recommendations of the High Council for Public Health of France, Food and Nutrition Section, on dioxin . (Bulletin officiel, 11 July 1998,

No. 98/26, Vol. I, Text No. 1059, pp. 167-173)

This Circular is a follow-up to the report prepared by the High Council for Public Health of France (Food and Nutrition Section) on polychlorodibenzodioxines and polychlorodibenzofurans, which suggests an admissible daily intake of 1 pg [TEQ]/kg/day. It emphasizes that the long-term solution to the problem of the contamination of food and human fats by dioxin lies in a drastic reduction of the sources. Annexed to the Circular are the Council's recommendations to be taken into account with regard to waste disposal plans and the authorization procedures for installations classified for the protection of the environment.

France. Order of 1 September 1998 amending the Order of 5 August 1992 on the maximum permissible levels of pesticide residues in or on certain products of plant origin. (Journal officiel de la

République française, Lois et Décrets, 29 September 1998, No. 225, pp. 14795-14800)

Annexes II, III, and IV to the Order of 5 August 1992 on the maximum permissible levels of pesticide residues in or on certain products of plant origin (see IDHL, 1992, 43, 778, Fr. 93.135) are amended in accordance with the Annexes appended to the present Order.

Germany. Notice of 8 June 2000 promulgating the consolidated version of the Fish Health Requirements Ordinance. (Bundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 23 June 2000, No. 27, pp. 819-830)

This Notice presents a consolidated version of the Ordinance of 31 March 1994 (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 212, Ger. 95.14), incorporating all amendments up to and including those introduced by the Second Ordinance of 12 September 1999.a

Notes: aBundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 20 May 1999, No. 24, pp. 938-941.

http://212.172.243.184/bgbl1f/b100027f.pdf

Germany. Notice of 20 June 2000 promulgating the revised version of the Milk Ordinance. (Bundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 31 July 2000, No. 36, pp. 1178-1207)

This revised version of the Milk Ordinance (see IDHL, 1991, 42, 693, FRG 91.26) provides for, inter alia, the implementation of a number of Community instruments, including Council Directive 92/46/EEC of 16 June 1992 (see ibid., 1992, 43, 774, EEC 92.59).

http://212.172.243.184/bgbl1f/b100036f.pdf

Norway. Law No. 88 of 18 December 1998 amending Law No. 3 of 19 May 1933 on the control of food, etc., and Law No. 12 of 28 May 1959 on the quality control of fish and fish products, etc . (Norsk

Lovtidend, Part I, 11 January 1999, No. 22, pp. 1804-1809)

This Law makes various amendments to Law No. 3 of 19 May 1933 on the control of food, etc. (see Bull. Off. int. Hyg. publ., 1936, 28, 453). These concern, inter alia: the scope of Regulations issued in pursuance of the Law (namely, the production, storage, transportation, offer for sale, and import of food) (Sec. 1); responsibility for the control of food at municipal and intermunicipal levels (Sec. 4); the powers of supervisory authorities with regard to access to premises engaged in, inter alia, the production, storage, or consignment of food, and their right to take samples (Sec. 5); the prohibition of the sale of, confiscation, or destruction of goods presenting a health hazard (Sec. 6); penal provisions (Sec. 9); and data collection by supervisory authorities (Sec. 10).

A number of amendments are also made to Law No. 12 of 28 May 1959 on fish and fish products etc. These concern, inter alia: the scope of Regulations issued in pursuance of the Law (including the handling, processing, storage and transportation of fish and fish products (Sec. 2); data collection with regard to compliance with the Law and the Regulations made thereunder (Sec. 4); and the closure of undertakings or parts thereof in the event of health hazards (Sec. 11).

Norway. Regulations No. 884 of 8 August 2000 on animal feeding stuffs. (Norsk Lovtidend, Part I, 20

September 2000, No. 20, pp. 1899-2125)



These Regulations have been made in pursuance of Law No. 18 of 23 March 1973 on the control of animal feeding stuffs (see IDHL, 1974, 25, 421) and with reference to a number of European Community instruments, including Commission Decision 91/516/EEC of 9 September 1991 (see ibid., 1992, 43, 107, EEC 92.12) and Council Directive 93/113/EC of 14 December 1993 (see ibid., 1994, 45, 197, EC 94.25). They lay down detailed requirements with a view to ensuring, inter alia, that feeding stuffs do not present hazards to livestock, humans, or the environment.

United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (England and Wales) Regulations 1999. S.I. 1999/3483. Dated 22 December 1999. (98 pp.)

These Regulations consolidate and replace the provisions of the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) Regulations 1994 (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, UK 95.7) and the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (Amendment) Regulations 1995 to 1999 (see ibid., 2000, 51, UK 00.032).

http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si1999/19993483.htm

United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (Amendment) Regulations 1996 . (17 pp.)

These Regulations, which amend the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) Regulations 1994 (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, <B<>), implement certain Council Directives, including 95/61/EC of 29 November 1995 (see ibid., 1996, 47, 52, EC 96.4).

United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) (Amendment) Regulations 1999. S.I. 1999/1109. Dated 8 April 1999. (17 pp.)

The amendments to the principal Regulations (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, UK 95.7), as amended (see ibid., 1998, 49, 352, UK 98.11), concern pesticide residues in, inter alia, tea, olives, and sunflower seeds.

http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si1999/19991109.htm

Italy. Decree by Health Minister of 18 June 2002 on Maximum Residue Levels of pesticides in Foodstuffs of plant and animal origin (G.U. no.179 of 1 August 2002)

The Decree contains Communitarian dispositions and harmonizes the previous national regulations concerning MRL. The Decree amends nine previous decrees.

http://www.ministerosalute.it/linksanita/alimvet/alimnut/fitosanitari/pubblicazioni/lmr.htm



2 PTE (heavy metal) content in foodstuffs

We report herewith the detailed and summary tables referring to concentration in foodstuffs of the 8 PTEs surveyed.

The detailed tables report – depending on available data - on the following:

mean value

range values

standard deviation

median value

reference

Member State in which the survey has been carried out

Table A3- 1: Arsenic (mg kg-1)

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS CEREALS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Sorghum / 0.17 / / 1 n.d. Oats / 0.80 / / 1 n.d.

Barley / 0.4 / / 1 n.d. Maize / 0.10 / / 1 n.d. Wheat / 0.07 / / 1 n.d.

Cereals mix / 0.20 / / 1 n.d. Wheat crops / 0.029 / 0.016-0.10 2 n.d. Cereals mix / 0.025 / 0.011-0.058 2 n.d.

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Strawberry 0.7 1 n.d. VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Sugar beet 2.83 1 n.d. Sugar cane 0.30 1 n.d. Vegetable 0.26 1 n.d.



VEGETABLES (LEAFY)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Lettuce 1.40 1 n.d. PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Soybean 0.12 1 n.d. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Mix sea fish 34.05 10.45-69.15 3 n.d. Mix sea fish 29.66 6.15-58.8 4 n.d.

FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Sorghum 2.15 1 n.d. Lucerne 0.29 1 n.d. Barley 0.13 1 n.d. Maize 0.22 1 n.d.



Table A3- 2: Cadmium (mg kg-1)

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE Median (Med)/

Standard Deviation

(Std)

REFERENCE MS

CEREALS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Wheat 0.10 0.01-0.2 1 n.d. Wheat 0.057 0.010 std 5 Germany

1989-94 Barley 0.027 0.01-0.07 1 n.d. Barley 0.37 0.08-0.65 1 n.d. Barley 0.05 0.01-0.075 1 n.d. Oats 0.05 0.01-0.28 1 n.d. Oats 0.09 0.04-0.22 1 n.d.

Maize 0.065 0.035-0.148

1 n.d.

Maize 0.05 0.01-0.08 1 n.d. Maize 0.02 0.01-0.04 1 n.d. Maize 0.08 <0.04-

0.22 1 n.d.

Maize 0.15 0.10-0.18 1 n.d. Maize 1.5 1.1-1.7 1 n.d. Maize 0.12 0.02-0.3 1 n.d. Wheat 0.005-0.22 0.036

(Med) 6 n.d.

Sweet corn 0.0005-0.23

0.008 (Med)

6 n.d.

Field corn < 0.001-0.35

0.004 (Med)

6 n.d.

Wheat crops 0.032 0.07-0.074 2 n.d. Cereals mix 0.0056 0.0022-

0.011 2 n.d.

Rye 0.013 0.004 std 5 n.d. POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

0.009-1.0 0.14 (Med)

6 n.d.

0.108 0.033 std 5 n.d. RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

<0.001-0.25

0.005 (Med)

6 n.d.

FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Apple 0.01 0.005-

0.027 1 n.d.

Apple 0.0002 1 n.d.



Apple 0.07 1 n.d. Cherry 0.04 0.02-0.076 1 n.d. Cherry 0.0002 1 n.d.

Strawberry 0.03 0.03-0.07 1 n.d. 0.006 1 n.d.

Peach 0.002 1 n.d. Pear 0.03 0.01-0.09 1 n.d. Pear 0.011 0.01-0.013 1 n.d.

Orange 0.02 0.01-0.007 1 n.d. Grape fruit 0.01 1 n.d.

Lemon 0.01 0.01-0.4 n.d. VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Beet 0.22 0.20-0.27 1 n.d. Beet 1.22 0.49-3.6 1 n.d. Beet 0.2 6 USA Beet 0.7 6 USA

Tomato 0.1 1 n.d. Tomato 0.08 1 n.d. Tomato 0.045-0.79 0.22

(Med) 6 n.d.

Tomato 1.1 n.d. Tomato 2.0 n.d. Carrots 0.015-1.20 0.16

(Med) 6 n.d.

Carrots 0.7 n.d. Carrots 1.3 n.d. Onions 0.011-0.34 0.009

(Med) 6 n.d.

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Lettuce 0.56 0.2-0.71 1 n.d. Lettuce 1.23 0.30-3.76 1 n.d. lettuce 0.4 0.4-0.5 1 n.d. lettuce 0.034-3.8 0.435

(Med) 6 n.d.

Turnip 0.12 1 n.d. spinach 0.16-1.9 0.80

(Med) 6 n.d.

Spinach 6.4 6 n.d. Spinach 8.5 6 n.d. Spinach 10.3 6 n.d.

Swiss chard 2.3 6 n.d. Swiss chard 1.3 6 n.d.



PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Peas <0.03 n.d.

Soybean 0.21 0.13-0.36 1 n.d. Soybean 0.001-1.20 0.045

(Med) 6 n.d.

Peanuts 0.011-0.66 0.068 (Med)

6 n.d.

Green beans 0.4 6 n.d. Green beans 0.1 6 n.d.

Rib 1.8 1.28-2.17 7 n.d. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

< 0.001 5 RFG 1989-94

MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Mollusc 0.53 <0.002-0.83

8 Italy

Spider octopus 0.40 0.14-1.04 9 n.d. Broadtail squid 0.7 0.04-0.10 9 n.d.

Mollusc 0.64 10 n.d. 0.53 10 n.d.

FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Mineral (pig) 0.34 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate (pig) 0.99 1 n.d. Proteinic concentrate (pig) 0.28 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (pig) 0.17 1 n.d. Mineral (cattle) 0.79 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (cattle) 0.08 1 n.d. Concentrated feed (cattle) 0.24 1 n.d.



Table A3- 3: Chromium (mg kg-1)


Wheat 0.32 1 n.d. Wheat 0.008 5 Austria Wheat 0.008 5 Finland Wheat 0.008 5 FRG 84-86 Wheat 0.007 5 Scotland Wheat 0.008 5 Sweden Corn 0.125 0.109 0.08-0.20 11 n.d.

Wheat, Maize. Rye, Oats (Bread, flours, etc.)

0.25 11 n.d.

Cereals Mix 0.1 11 n.d. Cereal mix 0.1 12 n.d.

Wheat crop 0.045 0.0011-0.018

2 n.d.

Cereal mix 0.0076 0.0021-0.017

2 n.d.

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Potato 0.55-0.57 1 n.d. Potato 0.40 0.036 0.012-0.06 11 n.d. Potato 0.1 12 n.d.

Potato, others tubers, roots 0.035 11 n.d. RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

0.05 1 n.d. Rice 0.07 0.061 11 n.d. Rice 0.12-0.23 11 n.d.

FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Peach 0.01 1 n.d. Peach 0.27 0.025 0.13-0.42 11 n.d. Grape 0.02 1 n.d. Grape 0.085 0.017 0.05-0.13 11 n.d. Apple 0.02 1 n.d. Apple 0.24 0.036 0.10-0.46 11 n.d. Pear 0.01 1 n.d. Pear 0.20 0.03 0.14-0.28 11 n.d. Plum 0.02 1 n.d.

Banana 0.38 1 n.d. Banana 0.1-0.5 1 n.d. Orange 0.31 1 n.d.

Strawberry 0.34 1 n.d. Strawberry 1.10 0.104 0.35-2.87 11 n.d.



Peach 0.27 0.025 0.13-0.42 11 n.d.

Apple 0.035 11 n.d.

Mix fruits 0.03 11 n.d.

VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Beet 0.01-0.03 1 n.d.

Onion 0.01-0.02 1 n.d.

Cucumber 0.01-0.03 1 n.d.

Fennel 0.47 0.047 0.04-0.062 11 n.d.

Parsley 1.05 0.136 0.112-0.16 11 n.d.

Celery 0.735 0.051 0.047-0.054 11 n.d.

Carrot 0.51 0.054 0.036-0.083 11 n.d.

Pepper 0.49 0.048 0.042-0.059 11 n.d.

Tomato 1.02 0.061 0.04-0.085 11 n.d.

Tomato 0.06 11 n.d.

Artichoke 0.535 0.077 0.043-0.11 11 n.d.

Onion 0.50 0.049 0.026-0.08 11 n.d.

Asparagus 0.97 0.066 0.047-0.083 11 n.d.

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Turnip 0.04-0.06 1 n.d.

Spinach 1.03 1 n.d.

Spinach 0.01-0.05 1 n.d.

Spinach 1.21 0.12 0.098-0.14 11 n.d.

Cauliflower 0.02 1 n.d.

Cauliflower 0.89 0.078 0.042-0.112

11 n.d.

Cabbage 0.01-0.06 1 n.d.

Cabbage 0.71 0.078 0.059-0.105 11 n.d.

Cabbage and others 0.04 11 n.d.

Letture 0.02-0.13 1 n.d.

Broccoli 0.55 0.066 0.048-0.08 11 n.d.

Brussels sprout 0.56 0.073 0.040-0.10 11 n.d.

Savoy cabbage 0.52 0.057 11 n.d.

Letture 0.56 0.034 11 n.d.

Chicory 0.58 0.041 11 n.d.

Rib 1.91 1.41-2.42 7 n.d.

PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Bean 0.48 1 n.d.

Bean 0.2-0.8 1 n.d.

Bean 0.34 0.292 0.091-0.69 11 n.d.

Green bean 2.07 0.181 0.110-0.231 11 n.d.

Broad bean 0.25 0.210 0.166-0.254 11 n.d.



Pea 0.27 0.050 0.024-0.093 11 n.d.

Lentil 0.315 0.275 0.236-0.304 11 n.d.

Chick pea 0.25 0.221 0.10-0.327 11 n.d.

Chickling 0.44 0.371 11 n.d.

Mix pulses and greens 0.05 11 n.d.

MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

0.01 11 n.d.

0.015 12 n.d.

MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

0.005-0.02 12 n.d.

0.02 11 n.d.

MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

Beef. offals. meat extract. etc 0.14 11 n.d.

Poultry 0.15 11 n.d.

Pork, sheep, goat and others meats

0.12 11 n.d.

Mix meat 0.15 12 n.d.

Turkey 0.003 5 Germany 1993-1994

Chicken 0.003 5 Germany 1993

Eggs 0.001 5 Germany 1993

Pork 0.002 5 Germany 1993

Veal 0.008 5 Germany 1993

Beef 0.003 5 Germany 1993

FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Eel 0.32 0.08 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Eel 4.4 1.70 11 Italy (massaciuccoli)

Eel 3.5 0.7 11 Italy (scanno)

Pike 0.44 0.11 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Pike 20.5 4.10 11 Italy (massaciuccoli)

Perch 0.20 0.05 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Perch 1 0.2 11 Italy (scanno)

Tench 0.32 0.08 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Tench 0.9 0.20 11 Italy (massaciuccoli)

Tench 3 0.6 11 Italy (scanno)

Tench 0.5 0.1 11 Italy (campotosto)

Rudd 0.2 0.05 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Rudd 1.5 0.3 11 Italy (massaciuccoli)

Rudd 1.0 0.2 11 Italy (scanno)



Sun fish 0.24 0.06 11 Italy (trasimeno)

Sun Fish 4.0 0.8 11 Italy (massacciuccoli)

Gold fish 2.5 0.5 11 Italy (massacciuccoli)

Gold fish 0.5 0.1 11 Italy (campotosto)

Carp 1.5 0.4 11 Italy

Catfish 2.5 0.50 11 Italy

Crucian 2.0 0.40 11 Italy (massacciuccoli)

Crucian 0.5 0.1 11 Italy (Campotosto)

Trout 0.5 0.1 11 Italy (campotosto)

Trout 2.0 0.4 11 Italy (Scanno)

Mix lake fish 0.04-2.0 0.001-0.05 11 Italy (Umbria)

Mix lake fish 0.4-4.4 0.10-1.10 11 Italy (Abruzzo)

Mix lake fish 0.04-0.84 0.02-0.21 11 Italy (Austria)

Mix sea fish 0.15-0.30 11 Italy (Gorgona)

Mix sea fish 0.10-0.42 11 Italy (Capraia)

Fish and sea food 0.3 11

Mollusc 0.31 10 Italy (ionian sea)

Molusc 0.29 10 Italy (ionian sea)

FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Corn sillage 1.4 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Grass hay 4.8 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche)

Oat hay 1.2 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Alfalfa hay (first cut) 1.7 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Alfalfa hay (second cut) 5.0 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Sainfoin hay 9.5 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Forage 5-10 12 Italy (Umbria. Marche). 1979

Phosphate (mineral feedstuff) 200 65-538 12 n.a.. 1994

Feedstuff (FS) without phostphate. protein hydrolysate

or hay

1 12 Italy

FS with phostphate and/or yeasts and/or hay < 10% ash

5 12 Italy

FS with phostphate and/or yeasts and/or hay 10-20% ash

10 12 Italy

FS in the case of low-dose premixes where the individual raw materials may be available even at very high concentration

25 12 Italy



Mineral (pig) 84 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate (pig) 14 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate(pig) 2.5 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (pig) 6.7 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 46 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (cattle) 2.5 1 n.d.


Table A3- 4: Copper (mg kg-1)

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE Standard Deviation

REFERENCE MS


Barley 11 1 n.d.

Barley 4 1 n.d.

Barley 8.28-9.66 1 n.d.

Oats 6.6 1 n.d.

Oats 8.28-9.31 1 n.d.

Maize 4-16.1 1 n.d.

Rye 8.8 1 n.d.

Rye 5.29-7.36 1 n.d.

Rye 4.5 0.8 std 5 n.d.

Wheat 8.62-12.99 1 n.d.

Wheat crops 4.3 2.6-5.7 2 n.d.

Wheat 4.0 0.5 std 5 n.d.

Wheat 4.6 5 Austria

Wheat 5.1 5 Finland

Wheat 3.3 5 FRG 84-86

Wheat 4.0 5 FRG 89-93

Wheat 5.2 5 Scotland

Wheat 4.7 5 Sweden

Wheat 4.8 5 Switzerland

Wheat 4.6 5 Turkey

Cereal mix 5.9 4.2-11 6 n.d.

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

4.9 0.62 std 5 n.d.

RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.


d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Turnip 9 1 n.d.

Beet 8.8 6 n.d.

Beet 9.7 6 n.d.



Tomato 13.2 6 n.d.

Tomato 10.4 6 n.d.

Carrots 5.4 6 n.d.

Carrots 7.9 6 n.d.


Lettuce 10 1 n.d.

Spinach 13.8 6 n.d.

Spinach 12.3 6 n.d.

Swiss chard 23.7 6 n.d.


Savoy cabbage 9.58 8.51-12.11 7 n.d.

Rib 24.91

17.13-41.13 7 n.d.

Rib 35.38

23.99-57.41 7 n.d.


Soybean 17 1 n.d.

Green beans 8.6 6 n.d.



0.3 0.01 std 5 n.d.

MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.









Graminaceous grass 11 1 n.d.

Lucerne 3-4 1 n.d.

Barley (straw) 18 1 n.d.

Barley (hay) 4 1 n.d.

Graminaceous grass 11.9 1 n.d.

Clover 6 1 n.d.

Clover 8.8 1 n.d.



Clover 15.2 1 n.d.

Clover 11.2 1 n.d.

Clover 19.4 1 n.d.

Oats (straw) 10.1 1 n.d.

Oats (hay) 4.4 1 n.d.


Graminaceous grass 4.1-24.2 1 n.d.

Rye (straw) 4 1 n.d.

Sorghum 10.8 1 n.d.

Soy (hay) 9 1 n.d.



Leguminosae grass 3.3 1 n.d.










Lucerne 8.4-11.4 1 n.d.


Fodder mix 9.1-12.2 1 n.d.



Rye (fodder) 13.5-17.0 1 n.d.

Rye (hay) 10.9-17.3 1 n.d.

Rye (bran) 8.51-12.64 1 n.d.

Wheat (fodder) 11-14 1 n.d.

Wheat (bran) 11.84-14.92 1 n.d.

Barley (fodder) 14-19 1 n.d.

Barley (hay) 13.3-19.3 1 n.d.

Barley (bran) 3.56-8.56 1 n.d.

Oats (fodder) 13.5-20.2 1 n.d.

Oats (hay) 11.4-17.5 1 n.d.


Proteinic concentrate (pig) 231 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate(pig) 214 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (pig) 42 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 1,650 1 n.d.



Concentrated feed (cattle) 14 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (cattle) 75 1 n.d.

Table A3- 5: Mercury (mg kg-1)


Wheat crops < 0.01 2 n.d.

Cereal mix < 0.01 2 n.d.

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.



VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.








Mollusc 0.15 10 n.d.


Mix sea fish 0.66 0.05-2.65 13 n.d.

Mix sea fish 0.57 0.05-2.22 14 n.d.

Mix sea fish 0.75 0.07-4.26 15 n.d.

Spider octopus 0.27 0.18-0.42 9 Italy

Broadtail squid 0.07 0.05-0.12 9 Italy


Mineral (pig) 0.02 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate (pig) 0.09 1 n.d.


Concentrated feed (pig) 0.05 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 0.03 1 n.d.





Table A3- 6: Nickel (mg kg-1)

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE Standard Deviation

REFERENCE MS


Wheat 1.02-2.69 1 n.d.

Wheat 0.132 0.012 std 5 n.d.

Wheat 0.19 5 Austria

Wheat 0.29 5 Finland

Wheat 0.14 5 FRG 84-86

Wheat 0.13 5 FRG 89-93

Wheat 0.14 5 Scotland

Wheat 0.13 5 Sweden

Wheat 0.19 5 Switzerland

Wheat 1.4 5 Turkey

Rye 0.083 0.018 std 5 n.d.

Millet 4.33 1 n.d.

Maize 0.5 1 n.d.

Maize 1.4 1 n.d.

Oats 1.9 1 n.d.

Wheat crop 0.16 0.03-0.39 2 n.d.

Cereal mix 0.15 0.04-0.33 2 n.d.

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

0.187 0.084 std 5 n.d.



Pear 0.4 1 n.d.


d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Carrot 0.4-0.6 1 n.d.

Radish 0.11-0.20 1 n.d.

Tomato 0.013 1 n.d.

Tomato 1.1 6 n.d.

Tomato 6.8 6 n.d.

Beets 0.5 6 n.d.

Beets 2.1 6 n.d.

Carrots 0.6 6 n.d.

Carrots 1.9 6 n.d.


Spinach 4.2 1 n.d.

Spinach 1.4 6 n.d.

Spinach 10.6 6 n.d.





Sage 0.3-1 1 n.d.


Pea 2.57 1 n.d.




< 0.001 5 n.d.












Clover 5.7 1 n.d.

Oats (leaf) 3 1 n.d.

Oats (plant) 16 1 n.d.

Lucerne 44 1 n.d.


Proteinic concentrate (pig) 7.1 1 n.d.


Concentrated feed (pig) 10 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 14 1 n.d.





Table A3- 7: Lead (mg kg-1)


Standard Deviation

(Std)

REFERENCE MS


Barley 0.06 1 n.d.

Wheat 0.001-0.77 0.021 (Med) 6 n.d.

Wheat 0.020 0.009 std 5 RFT 1989-94

Sweet corn 0.0076-0.26

0.009(Med) 6 n.d.

Field corn <0.001-3.6

0.006 (Med) 6 n.d.

Wheat crop 0.0068 0.0048-0.011

2 n.d.

Cereal mix 0.013 0.0071-0.028

2 n.d.


Potato 0.04 0.01-0.14

1 n.d.

Potato 0.001-2.2 0.025 (Med) 6 n.d.


Rice < 0.001-0.08

0.05 (Med) 6 n.d.


Apple 0.05 0.01-0.37

1 n.d.

Pear 0.3 0.02-0.04

1 n.d.


d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Onions 0.06 0.01-0.38

1 n.d.

Onions 0.002-0.72 0.038 (Med) 6 n.d.

Leek 0.06 0.04-0.07

1 n.d.

carrot 0.02 0.01-0.04

1 n.d.

carrot 0.010-1.1 0.055 (Med) 6 n.d.

turnip 0.02 0.01-0.05

1 n.d.

Cucumber 0.02 0.01-0.03

1 n.d.

Tomato 0.06 0.01- 1 n.d.



0.14 Tomato 0.004 1 n.d.

Tomato < 0.001-0.46

0.027 (Med) 6 n.d.

Edible mushrooms 0.03 0.03-0.04

1 n.d.

Celery 0.01 0.01-0.02

1 n.d.

VEGETABLES (LEAFY)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Lettuce 0.036-1.7 0.19 (Med) 6 n.d.

Spinach 0.24-2.3 0.53 (Med) 6 n.d.

Cabbage 0.08 0.01-0.51

1 n.d.

Brussels sprouts 0.05 0.01-0.24

1 n.d.

Cress 0.12 0.01-0.33

1 n.d.


Bean 0.005 1 n.d.

Soybean 0.003-0.35 0.036 (Med) 6 n.d.

Peanuts <0.001-0.20

0.008 (Med) 6 n.d.


Milk 0.052 0.017 std 5 n.d.













Mix sea fish 0.13 0.11-0.37

4 Italy

Mix sea fish 0.95 0.04-5.26

8 Italy



Proteinic concentrate 1.4 1 n.d.



(pig) Proteinic

concentrate(pig) 0.56 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (pig)

0.58 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 1.2 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (cattle)

0.78 1 n.d.


0.87 1 n.d.

Table A3- 8: Zinc (mg kg-1)


Standard Deviation

(Std)

REFERENCE MS


Oats 17.6-19.4 1 n.d.

Barley 11.0-14.7 1 n.d.

Wheat 20.9-31.7 1 n.d.

Wheat 11-76 29 (Med) 6 n.d.

Wheat 29 2.4 Std 5 n.d.

Wheat 29 5 Austria

Wheat 37 5 Finland

Wheat 30 5 FRG 84-86

Wheat 29 5 FRG 89-93

Wheat 25 5 Scotland

Wheat 29 5 Sweden

Wheat 30 5 Switzerland

Wheat 19 5 Turkey

Rye 16.1-23.9 1

Rye 33 1.0 std 5 n.d.

Oats 4-26 1 n.d.

Sweet corn 28-55 25 (Med) 6 n.d.

Field corn 12-39 22 (Med) 6 n.d.

Wheat crops 25 17-37 2 n.d.

Cereal mix 30 16-43 2 n.d.


5.1-35 15 (Med) 6 n.d.

14 2.1 Std 5 n.d.


Rice 10 1 n.d.



Rice 7.7-23 15 (Med) 6 n.d.

FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

Ananas 27-44 1 n.d.

Citrus fruits 7-18 1 n.d.

Orange 12-20 1 n.d.

Fig 9 1 n.d.


d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Beet 34 6 n.d.

Beet 39 6 n.d.

Garlic 100 1 n.d.

Garlic 31-100 1 n.d.

Asparagus 50 1 n.d.

Carrots 3.8-61 20 6 n.d.

Carrots 20 6 n.d.

Carrots 31 6 n.d.

Onions 6.1-33 16 (Med) 6 n.d.

Tomato 12-35 22 (Med) 6 n.d.

Tomato 27

Tomato 27

VEGETABLES (LEAFY)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Lettuce 105

Lettuce 13-110 46 (Med) 2 n.d.

Cabbage 15-83 1 n.d.

Savoy cabbage 48.21 42.57-58.52

7 n.d.

Chicory 105 1 n.d.

Spinach 120 1 n.d.

Spinach 17-200 43 (Med) 6 n.d.

Spinach 147 6 n.d.

Spinach 209 6 n.d.

Spinach 201 6 n.d.

Swiss chard 69 6 n.d.

Swiss chard 62 6 n.d.

Rib 259.5 171.5-328.9

7 n.d.

Rib 262.86 215.4-334.4

7 n.d.

PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

bean 56 1 n.d.

Pea 48 1 n.d.

Lens 28 1 n.d.



Soybeans 32-70 45 (Med) 6 n.d.

Peanuts 17-63 31 (Med) 6 n.d.

Green beans 32 6 n.d.

Green beans 38 6 n.d.

MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. n.d.

32 Std 1.7 5 n.d.




Turkey 38 5 Germany 1993-94

Chicken 65 5 Germany 1993

Eggs 50 5 Germany 1993

Pork 63 5 Germany 1993

Veal 100 5 Germany 1993

Beef 163 5 Germany 1993





Lucerne 13 1 n.d.

Lucerne 17.6 1 n.d.

Oats (straw) 17.2 1 n.d.

Oats (grain) 17.0 1 n.d.

Clover 17.0 1 n.d.

Clover 17.2 1 n.d.



Sorghum 15.4 1 n.d.

Soy (hay) 24.0 1 n.d.

Soy (seed) 18.0 1 n.d.

Wheat 15.4 1 n.d.

Wheat 43.0 1 n.d.

Wheat 18.0 1 n.d.

Wheat 30.0 1 n.d.


Maize 21.0 1 n.d.

Oats (plant) 33.0 1 n.d.

Rye (fodder) 16-25 1 n.d.

Rye (hay) 20.4-28.6 1 n.d.

Rye (grain) 16.1-23.9 1 n.d.

Rye (bran) 21.7-29.5 1 n.d.

Wheat (fodder) 19-22.5 1 n.d.



Wheat (grain) 20.9-31.7 1 n.d.

Wheat (bran) 37.3-57.1 1 n.d.

Barley (fodder) 26-39.5 1 n.d.

Barley (hay) 23.1-31.6 1 n.d.

Barley (grain) 11.0-14.7 1 n.d.

Barley (bran) 19.3-24.9 1 n.d.

Oats (fodder) 25.5-40.0 1 n.d.

Oats (hay) 22.2-32.7 1 n.d.

Oats (grain) 17.6-19.4 1 n.d.


Proteinic concentrate (pig)

1,480 1 n.d.

Proteinic concentrate(pig)

844 1 n.d.

Concentrated feed (pig)

197 1 n.d.

Mineral (cattle) 3,170 1 n.d.


54 1 n.d.


266 1 n.d.

1 Genevini et al. (1983)

2 Swedish environmental protection agency survey

3 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001a)

4 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000a)

5 Bruggemann et al.. (199?)

6 Page et al (1988)

7 Centemero (1991)

8 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001b)

9 Storelli & Marcotrignano (1999)

10 Storelli & Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000)

11 Santoprete (1997)

12 Mordenti &. Piva (1997)

13 Storelli & Marcotrignano & Giacomelli. (1998)

14 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000b)

15 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001c)



3 Organic Pollutant Content in Foodstuffs

3.1 Dioxins

The class of compounds made up of the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) are often collectively known as dioxins.

Dioxins, and dioxins-like compounds which may have similar effects, are found in all environmental compartments, are persistent and, being fat soluble, tend to accumulate in higher animals, including humans. Such substances have never been intentionally manufactured but can be released into the environment from a number of different sources; including chemicals manufacturing, combustion process, metallurgical processes, paper and pulp processing. Although there are 210 congeners of PCDD/PCDF, only the 17 which have chlorine substitution in at least all of the 2, 3, 7, 8 positions are of concern, owing to their toxicity, stability and persistence in the environment. In order to simplify the handling of data on the individual compounds, a system of toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) is used to derive an equivalent concentration of the most toxic dioxins (2, 3, 7, 8 TCDD). This enables the toxicity of complex mixture to be expressed as a single number – the toxic equivalent or TEQ.

3.2 Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF

Many regulatory agencies have developed so-called Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEF) for risk assessment of complex mixtures of PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al., 1990 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999). The TEFs are based on acute toxicity values from in vivo and in vitro studies. This approach is based on the evidence that there is a common, receptor-mediated mechanism of action for these compounds. However, the TEF approach has its limitations due to a number of simplifications. Although the scientific basis cannot be considered as solid, the TEF approach has been developed as an administrative tool and allows the conversion of quantitative analytical data for individual PCDD/PCDF congeners into a single Toxic Equivalent (TEQ). TEFs particularly aid the expression of cumulative toxicities of complex PCDD/PCDF mixtures as one single TEQ value. It should be noted that, as interim values, TEFs are based on the present state of knowledge and should be revised as new data become available. Today’s most commonly applied TEFs were established by a NATO/CCMS Working Group on Dioxins and Related Compounds as International Toxicity Equivalency Factors (I-TEF) (NATO/CCMS 1988, Kutz et al., 1990 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999) (see Table A3- 9). Throughout this study these I-TEFs are used, if not specified otherwise. The Nordic countries (Scandinavia) developed their own scheme, called the N-TEFs. The N-TEFs are identical to the I-TEFs with one exception, the TEF for the 1,2,3,7,8- Cl 5 DF. Whereas in the I-TEF scheme, this congener is given a TEF of 0.05, the Scandinavian countries assigned it a value of 0.01.

In 1997, a WHO/IPCS working group re-evaluated the I-TEFs and established a new scheme (see Table A3- 10). The two schemes are found in the Tables below. The WHO re-evaluation chose also to include non-ortho and mono-ortho–substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) into the TEF scheme for dioxin-



like toxicity (van Leeuwen & Younes 1998 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999). No TEFs have been assigned for the non-2,3,7,8-substituted congeners.

Table A3- 9: International Toxic Equivalency Factors (I-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al. 1980)

Congener I-TEF Congener I-TEF 2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DD 1 1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DF 0.05

1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DD 0.5 2,3,4,7,8-Cl 5 DF 0.5

1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DD 0.1 1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1

1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DD 0.1 1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DF 0.1

1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DD 0.1 1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DD 0.01 2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1

Cl 8 DD 0.001 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DF 0.01

2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DF 0.1 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Cl 7 DF 0.01

Cl 8 DF 0.001

Table A3- 10: WHO Toxic Equivalency Factors (WHO-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (van Leeuwen and Younes 1998)

Congener Humans/Mammals Fish Birds 2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DD 1 1 1

1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DD 1 1 1

1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DD 0.1 0.5 0.05

1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DD 0.1 0.01 0.01

1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DD 0.1 0.01 0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DD 0.01 0.001 < 0.001

Cl 8 DD 0.0001 - -

2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DF 0.1 0.05 1

1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DF 0.05 0.05 0.1

2,3,4,7,8-Cl 5 DF 0.5 0.5 1

1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1 0.1 0.1

1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DF 0.1 0.1 0.1

1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1 0.1 0.1

2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF 0.1 0.1 0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DF 0.01 0.01 0.01

1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Cl 7 DF 0.01 0.01 0.01

Cl 8 DF 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001



Table A3- 11: PCDD/PCDF pg I-TEQ g-1 (pg WHO-TEQ g-1 for feedingstuffs)

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS CEREALS f.m. on lipid

basis (g fat)

f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)

Cereals 0.067 C n.a., 1994 Mix cereals 0.17 B UK, 1992 Rye flour 0.0014 B Denmark, 1995

Wheat flour 0.00048 B Denmark, 1995 Bread and grain

products 0.1 B Denmark, 1995

POTATO f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


Potato 0.3 UK-SOUTH WALES, 1998

New potato 0.00008 B Denmark, 1995 Old potato 0.00025 B Denmark, 1995

Potato 0.014 C n.a., 1994 Potato 0.017 0.0036-

0.0396

RICE f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


FRUIT f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


Mix fruit 0.015 B Denmark, 1995 Strawberry < 0.00005 B Denmark, 1995

Orange juice < 0.001 B Denmark, 1995 Mix fruits 0.015 B Germany, 1995

Apple < 0.01 B Germany, 1995 Apple 0.3 B UK-SOUTH

WALES, 1998 VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FUITS)



Root vegetables 0.0075 C n.a.,1994 Cucumber < 0.00005 B Finland, 1991

Tomato < 0.00005 B Finland, 1991 Onion 0.00012 B Finland, 1991 Carrot < 0.00005 B Finland, 1991

Red pepper < 0.00005 B Finland, 1991 Mix vegetables grown in soil

0.012 0.0019-0.0453

B Germany, 1995



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Mix vegetables 0.015 B Germany, 1995 Tomato/pepper 0.0064 0.0023-

0.0064 B Germany, 1995

Olives 0.058 B Italy, 1994 Olives 0.21 B Italy, 1994

VEGETABLES (LEAFY)



Leafy vegetables 0.0052 C n.a., 1994 Vegetable and

products 0.015 B Denmark, 1995

Pot lettuce 0.001 B Finland, 1991 Ice lettuce 0.00039 B Finland, 1991

Head lettuce 0.04 B Finland, 1991 Cabbage 0.00008 B Finland, 1991 Lettuce 0.3 UK-SOUTH

WALES, 1998 Mix leafy vegetables 0.0014 0.036-

0.0544 B Germany, 1995

PULSES f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


MILK f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


Milk 0.2-2.6 B EU, 1999 Whole milk 2.02 B Spain, 1997

Semi-skimmed milk 1.20 B Spain, 1997 Cows’ milk 2.1 1.1-3.1 B Belgium, 1991 Cows’ milk 2.6 B Denmark, 1995 Cows’ milk 2.6 B Denmark, 1987

Cows’ milk in glass bottle

0.83 < 0.5-1.8 B Finland, 1991

Cows’ milk in cartons

1.17 0.57-2.48 B Finland, 1991

Cows’ milk 1.81 B France, 1994-95 Cow’s milk Westfalia

1.35 0.76-2.62 B Germany, 1990

Cow’s milk Westfalia

1.02 0.61-1.75 B Germany, 1994

Cow’s milk Westfalia

0.78 0.47-1.78 B Germany, 1998

Cow’s milk Bavaria 1.00 0.60-1.54 B Germany, 1989-92 Cow’s milk Bavaria 1.85 0.48-5.6 B Germany, 1989-1992Cow’s milk Bavaria 1.76 0.48-5.62 B Germany, 1989-1992



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Cow’s milk Bavaria 0.87 0.69-1.12 B Germany, 1992

Cow’s milk 1.5 0.9-3.24 B Germany, 1990 Cow’s milk 1 0.6-1.54 B Germany, 1991 Cow’s milk 0.76 0.27-3.1 B Germany, 1993 Cow’s milk 0.52 0.34-0.8 B Germany, 1995 Cow’s milk 5-24 B Germany, 1996 Cow’s milk 1.6-6.6 Germany, 1990 Cow’s milk 2.12 0.81-7.06 B Germany, 1990 Cow’s milk 2.05 0.85-5.15 B Germany, 1991-92 Cow’s milk 1.85 0. 48- 5.62 B Germany, 1993 Cow’s milk 1.3 1.08-1.62 B Germany, 1993 Cow’s milk 0.76-5.86 B Germany, 1994 Cow’s milk 0.62 0.36-1.02 B Germany, 1997 Cow’s milk 0.89 0.35-1.92 B Germany, 1997 Cow’s milk 1.41 0.46-7.86 B Germany, 1998

Milk 2 1.25-3.25 B UK, 1989-1990 Milk 5 3-6.75 B UK, 1989-1990 Milk 1.25 1-1.5 B UK, 1989-1990 Milk 3 1.75-9.5 B UK, 1989-1990 Milk 1.5-47.5 B UK, 1989-1990 Milk 0.06 B UK, 1992

Cow’s milk 1.01 0.7-1.4 B UK, 1995 Cow’s milk 6.3 3.1-11 B UK, 1995 Cow’s milk 4.6 1.9-8.6 B UK, 1996 Cow’s milk 1.9 1.1-3.4 B UK, 1997

Consumer milk 1.8 1.0-2.8 B Germany, 1990 Consumer milk 0.87 0.69-1.12 B Germany, 1995 Consumer milk 0.71 0.45-1.12 B Germany, 1995

Cows’ milk 0.14-0.5 B Ireland, 1995 Cows’ milk 0.13-0.51 B Ireland, 1995 Cows’ milk 0.48-0.49 B Ireland, 1997 Cows’ milk 0.08-0.25 B Ireland, 1998 Cows’ milk < 1.3-1.5 B Ireland, 1994 Cows’ milk 0.193 B Ireland, 1998 Cows’ milk 1.6 0.7-2.5 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cows’ milk 1.2-13.5 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cows’ milk 1.5 0.7-2.0 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cows’ milk 1.3 0.9-2.0 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cows’ milk 1.5 1.1-2.2 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cows’ milk 0.38 B Netherlands, 1989-96Cow’s Milk 0.82-2.00 B Sweden, 1988-93



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Cow’s Milk in glass

bottle 0.93 B Sweden, 1988-93

Cow’s Milk in carton 1.08 B Sweden, 1988-93 MILK PRODUCTS f.m. on lipid

basis (g fat)


Milk products 0.5-3.8 B EU, 1999 Butter 0.35-0.50 B Sweden, 1988-93

Dairy/butter 3.7 1.1-8.4 B Italy, 1994 Dairy products 1.25 B Spain, 1997

Margarine 0.49 B Spain, 1997 Cheese 2.2 B Denmark, 1995 Yoghurt 3.8 B Denmark, 1987 Butter 0.5 B Denmark, 1987

Dairy prod. 0.83 B Finland, 1991 Butter 1.01 B France, 1994-95 Cheese 1.11 B France, 1994-95

Creams and dairy prod.

1.34 B France, 1994-95

Dairy products 0.75 0.39-1.58 B Germany, 1995 Butter 0.55 0.19-0.87 B Germany, 1996 Cheese 1.4 B Netherlands, 1990-91Butter 1.8 B Netherlands, 1990-91

Milk products 0.16 B UK, 1992 EGGS f.m. on lipid

basis (g fat)


Eggs 1.2-4.6 B EU, 1999

Eggs 0.17 B UK, 1992

Duck Eggs 0.8 B UK-SOUTH WALES, 1998

Bantam eggs 0.6 B UK-SOUTH WALES, 1998

Chicken eggs 1.2 B UK-SOUTH WALES, 1998

Chicken eggs 0.89-1.30 B Sweden, 1988-93 Eggs 1.22 B Spain, 1997 Eggs 1.5 B Denmark, 1995

Chicken eggs 1.2 0.3-5.3 B Finland, 1991 Battery farmed 0.56-2.30 B Germany, 1995 Battery farmed 1.36 0.23-6.04 B Germany, 1995



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Open pens 1.03-23.4 B Germany, 1995 Open pens 1.63 0.19-5.57 B Germany, 1995 Free-range 0.38-11.4 B Germany, 1995 Free-range 4.58 0.49-22.8 B Germany, 1995

Eggs 2 B Netherlands, 1990-91Eggs 2.03 B Netherlands, 1996

MEAT f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


Meat and products 0.1-16.7 B EU, 1999 Poultry 0.7-2.2 B EU, 1999

Duck meat 0.4 B UK-SOUTH WALES, 1998

Meat and prod. 2.6 B Denmark, 1995 Poultry and prod. 2.2 B Denmark, 1995

Beef < 0.2 B Finland, 1991 Pork < 0.1 B Finland, 1991 Pork 0.5 B Germany, 1990 Pork 0.28 B Germany, 1990 Pork 0.41 0.22-0.61 B Germany, 1995

Suckling peg 0.13 B Germany, 1995 Beef 3.5 B Germany, 1990 Beef 2.6 B Germany, 1990 Beef 1.44 0.56-4.31 B Germany, 1995 Veal 7.4 B Germany, 1990 Veal 0.70 0.03-1.27 B Germany, 1995 Veal 0.70 0.35-1.13 B Germany, 1995

Sheep 1.65 B Germany, 1989 Sheep 2.0 B Germany, 1990 Sheep 0.23 0.03-0.59 B Germany, 1995 Poultry 2.25 B Germany, 1989 Poultry 2.3 B Germany, 1990 Poultry 0.70 0.50-1.07 B Germany, 1995

Meat products 1.7 B Germany, 1990 Lard 0.8 B Germany, 1990 Pork 0.25 B Netherlands, 1990-96

Meat prod. 0.68 B Netherlands, 1990-96Chicken 0.66 B Netherlands, 1990-96Mutton 0.95 B Netherlands, 1990-96

Chicken liver 3.2 B Netherlands, 1990-96Cow liver 5.7 B Netherlands, 1990-96Pig liver 15 B Netherlands, 1990-96



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Game 17 B Netherlands, 1990-96

Sheep liver 30 B Netherlands, 1990-96Goat liver 42 B Netherlands, 1990-96Horse liver 61 B Netherlands, 1990-96

Poultry 0.13 B UK, 1992 Offal 0.59 B UK, 1992

Meat products 0.08 B UK, 1992 Pork and pork

products 0.90 B Spain, 1997

Chicken and chicken products

1.15 B Spain, 1997

Beef and beef products

1.76 B Spain, 1997

Lamb 1.76 B Spain, 1997 Beef 0.4-1.5 B Sweden, 1988-93

Beef liver 1.5-3 B Sweden, 1988-93 Pork fat 0.06-1.2 B Sweden, 1988-93 Mutton 0.55-1.3 B Sweden, 1988-93 Moose 1.66-16.7 B Sweden, 1988-93

Moose kidney tallow 2-3.9 B Sweden, 1988-93 Reindeer kidney

tallow < 1.1 B Sweden, 1988-93

Reindeer kidney tallow

3-3.3 B Sweden, 1988-93

FISH f.m. on lipid basis (g fat)


Fish 0.21 B UK, 1992 Fish 2.4-214.3 B EU, 1999

Herring uncooked 210 B Sweden, 1988-93 Herring cooked 220 B Sweden, 1988-93

White fish 5.39 B Spain, 1997 Sea food 10.59 B Spain, 1997

Tinned fish 2.57 B Spain, 1997 Blue fish 7.90 B Spain, 1997

Fish and prod. 50 B Denmark, 1995 Herring 58.3 B Denmark, 1987

Cod liver 40.9 B Denmark, 1987 Baltic herring 30.2 B Finland, 1991

Farmed rainbow trout

4.17 B Finland, 1991

Trout fed Baltic herring

33.4 B Finland, 1991



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Herring 26.6-42.0 B Germany, 1990 Herring 21.5 5.2-207.0 B Germany, 1992 Herring 6.1 2.4-75 B Germany, 1995

Red perch 12.0 B Germany, 1992 Red perccodh 10.0 3.4-17.8 B Germany, 1995

Cod 18.5-22.5 B Germany, 1990 Cod 16.7 B Germany, 1992 Cod 11.2 5.3-59.2 B Germany, 1995 Eel 6.7-9.5 B Germany, 1990

Mackarel 3.3 B Germany, 1992 Smoked eel 5.9 B Germany, 1992 Coalfish/cod 8.0 4.0-14.2 B Germany, 1992

Trout 7.9 1.9-29.3 B Germany, 1995 Wild trout 11.8 2.9-48.9 B Germany, 1995

Farmed trout 2.1-11.9 B Germany, 1995 Imported trout 6.5 1.0-17.4 B n.a., 1995

Carp wild 22.3 3.5-30.6 B Germany, 1995 Farmed carp 21.2 6.0-51.1 B Germany, 1995

Eel/bream/carp 12.3 5.3-17.6 B Germany, 1995 Anchovy 14.6 B Italy

Squid 16.6 B Italy Mussel 12.0 B Italy

Norway lobster 5.4 B Italy Mackarel 7.9 B Italy

Red mullet 8.7 B Italy Clam 7.7 B Italy Clam 5.9 B Italy Clam 57.5 B Italy Oyster 46.3 B Italy

Mix freshwater fish 2.4 B Netherlands, 1990-91Mix fatty sea fish 6.8 B Netherlands 1990-91Mix lean sea fish 49 B Netherlands 1990-91

Yellow eel 10.7 B Netherlands 1990-91herring 11.1 B Netherlands 1990-91

Mackarel 16.4 B Netherlands 1990-91 Sole 27.5 B Netherlands 1990-91Cod 28 B Netherlands 1990-91

Shrimps 66.8 B Netherlands 1990-91Cod liver 70.4 B Netherlands 1990-91Mussels 76.5 B Netherlands 1990-91

Pike perch 121.5 B Netherlands 1990-91



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS FEEDINGS (data expressed in pg WHO-TEQ/g)



Olive pulp 1.2 I Europe, 1999-2002 (non edible) olive

pulp 1.7 I Europe, 1999-2002

Used oils and fats 0.9 I Europe, 1999-2002 Rendered fat 2.16 I Europe, 1999-2002

Fish meal from fish waste

60 I Europe, 1999-2002

Fish oil from fish waste

25 I Europe, 1999-2002

Fish sillage from fish waste

10 I Europe, 1999-2002

Whey, skim milk, butter milk, other milk by-products,

out of date products

1.9 I Europe, 1999-2002

Swill (liquid feed) from catering waste

1.4 I Europe, 1999-2002

Components from extraction and refining step in vegetables oil

production

0.39 I Europe, 1999-2002

Components from processing of fruits, vegetables and crops

0.036 I Europe, 1999-2002



Table A3- 12: PCB µg kg-1

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS CEREALS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Potato 28 C USA, 1986 RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Carrots 7000-16000

C USA, 1986

Radish 10 C USA, 1986 Sugar beet 4 C USA, 1986

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Cows’ milk < 0.4 H* Austria, 1999-2000Cows’ milk < 0.05 A Finland Cows’ milk 15 F Canada, 1989 Cows’ milk 51 F Italy, 2000

MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Milk products < 8 H EU, 1999-2001

EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Eggs < 4 H Austria, 1999-2001

MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Pork < 4 H Austria and

Belgium, 1999-2001

Cattle < 4 H Austria, 1999-2001Sheep < 4 H Austria, 1999-2001

FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Herring 109 A Baltic sea Salmon 199 A Baltic sea

Rainbow trout 30 A n.a. Mix lake fish 0.2-18 A n.a

FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Oats 26 C USA, 1986

Maize 27-53 C USA, 1986 Soy 150 C USA, 1986

Potato (peel) 40-61 C USA, 1986 Sudangrass 12-73 C USA, 1986

*The detection limit is reported whereas at least 80% of the data collected for that OP in that food commodity is found below the detection limit.



Table A3- 13: PAH µg kg-1


Dried rye bread 93-291 A Finland Yolk powder 4-189 A Finland

Musli 22-260 A Finland POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Vegetables and cereals–

Benz(a)antracene 0.05-3.17 G UK, 1996

Vegetables and cereals – Benz(a)pirene

< 1.42 G UK, 1996

Vegetables and cereals - Dibenzo(a,h)antracene

0.01-0.05 G UK, 1996

PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Cheese 1-4 A Finland EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Eggs 38 A Finland MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Meat and prod. – Benz(a)antracene

0.02-0.13 G UK, 1996

Meat and prod. – Benz(a)pirene 0.01-0.26 G UK, 1996 Meat and prod.-

Dibenzo(a,h)antracene 0.01 G UK, 1996

FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Fish and prod. – Benz(a)antracene

< 0.14 G UK, 1996

Fish and prod. – Benz(a)pirene < 0.35 G UK, 1996 Fish and prod.-

Dibenzo(a,h)antracene 0.03 G UK, 1996

Mussels – phenantrene 29.5 D Italy, Ionian sea, 2000

Mussels – Antracene 64.7 D Italy, Ionian sea, 2000

Mussels – Antracene 62.3 E n.a, 1977 Mussels – Florantene 7.2 D Italy, Ionian

sea, 2000



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS Mussels – Florantene 9.6 E n.a, 1977

Mussels – Pirene 18.4 D Italy, Ionian sea, 2000

Mussels – Pirene 2.0 E n.a, 1977 Mussels – Benz(a)antracene 3.7 D Italy, Ionian

sea, 2000 Mussels – Benz(a)antracene 1.9 E n.a, 1977

Mussels – Benz(a)pirene 1.0 D Italy, Ionian sea, 2000

Mussels – Benz(a)pirene 0.2 E n.a., 1977 Mussels –

Dibenzo(a,h)antracene 0.1 D Italy, Ionian

sea, 2000 Mussels –

Dibenzo(a,h)antracene 0.2 E n.a., 1977

Mussels – Benzo(g,h,i)perilene 0.3 D Italy, Ionian sea, 2000

Mussels – Benzo(g,h,i)perilene 2.9 E n.a., 1977 FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Table A3- 14: HCB µg kg-1


Mix cereals 10 H Austria, 1999-2001POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Potato < 10 H Austria, 1999-2001RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Rice < 10 H Austria, 1999-2001FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Mix fruits < 10 H n.a., 1999-2001 VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Roots < 10 H Austria, 1999-2001Mix vegetables < 10 H EU, 1999-2001

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Leafy vegetables < 10 H EU, 1999-2001

PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK* d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Cows’ milk 0.3 0.2-0.8 H Austria, 1999-2001Cows’ milk 8 F Spain,1991 Cows’ milk 25 F Mexico, 1993 Cows’ milk 6 F Italy, 1991 Cows’ milk 7 F Italy, 2000



CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Milk products < 3 H EU, 1999-2001

EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Eggs < 10 H Austria, 1999-2001

MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Cattle < 3 H Austria, 1999-2001

FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. *on lipid basis

Table A3- 15: Aldrin/Dieldrin mg kg-1


Cereal < 0.01 H Austria, 1999-2001

Wheat < 0.01 C USA,1986 Maize < 0.01 C USA,1986

POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Potato < 0.01 H Austria, 1999-2001

RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Rice < 0.01 H EU, 1999-2001

FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Fruits < 0.01 H EU, 1999-2001


d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Mix vegetables < 0.01 H EU, 1999-2001 Roots < 0.01 H Austria, 1999-2001

Sugar beet 0.08 C USA,1986 VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Leafy vegetables < 0.01 H EU, 1999-2001 PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Milk < 0.0005 H Austria, 1999-2001MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Milk products < 0.004 H EU, 1999-2001 EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Eggs < 0.01 H Austria, 1999-2001

MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. Cattle < 0.004 H Austria, 1999-2001




CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS FEEDINGSTUFFS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Maize (seed) 0.003-0.008

C USA, 1986

Oats (Seed) 0.1-1 C USA, 1986 Lucerne 0.02 C USA, 1986

Oats (plant) 0.02 C USA, 1986 Maize (plant) 0.02 C USA, 1986

Lucerne < 0.01 C USA, 1986 Lucerne < 0.01 C USA, 1986

Table A3- 16: DDT and congeners µg kg-1

CATEGORY MEAN RANGE REFERENCE MS CEREALS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. POTATO d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. RICE d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FRUIT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. VEGETABLES (ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)

d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. PULSES d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MILK d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Cows’ milk* 8.06 F Canada, 1989Cows’ milk* 21 F Spain,1991 Cows’ milk* 22 F India, 1993 Cows’ milk* 28 F Mexico, 1993Cows’ milk* 23 F Uganda, 1993Cows’ milk* 5-14 F Italy, 1991 Cows’ milk* 5-15 F Italy, 1992 Cows’ milk* 5-10 F Italy, 1994 Cows’ milk* 18 F Italy, 2000

MILK PRODUCTS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. EGGS d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. MEAT d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m. FISH d.m. f.m. d.m. f.m.

Herring 97 A Baltic sea Salmon 147 A Baltic sea

Rainbow trout 39 A n.a. Mix lake fish 0.2-6.3 A n.a


* on lipid basis



A Hietaniemi & Kumpulainen (1994) B AEA Technology, 1999) C AA. VV. (1996) D Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001d) E Pancirov & Braun (1977) F Storelli & Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001) G UK Committee on toxicity of chemicals in food,

consumer products and the environment (2001)

H- Penisch (2002) I- BiPRO, IRCE, Ökometric, AFC Consultant, European POPs Expert Team (2002)

Documents

ANNEX 3 - European Commission...referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EEC; E. Official declaration for live animals, hatching eggs and products of B elgian origin covered