UI LLJNOJ SUNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN

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University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign Library

Large-scale Digitization Project, 2007.

UNIVERSITY OF ILLIFOIS LIBRARY

Annual Reoort1949-50

Dear President Stoddard:

Submitted herewith is the annual report of the University Libraryfor the year ending June 30, 1950. Among the year's major developments weresubstantial and important additions to the Library's resources; some progresstoward solving the physical problems of the Library system; growth in homecirculation of library materials; and participation in planning the Midwest

Inter-Library Center in Chicago. These and other library activities are

reviewed in more detail below.

GROWTH OF THE LIBRARY

At the end of the fiscal year, June 30, 1950, the Library held

2,252,536 volumes in Urbana and 130,967 volumes in the two Chicago divisions,altogether 2,383,503 volumes, or a net increase of 100,002 volumes over the

previous year. The total cost of materials purchased was $346,6S9, to which

should be added extensive collections of books, journals, pamphlets, andother items acquired by gift and exchange. The acquisitions for the periodrank high in both quality and quantity. Worthy of particular note are the

following collections:

Early Printed Books

From C. A. Stonehill, Inc., of London, was procured a notable lot

of rare and early printed books issued from the fifteenth to the end of the

seventeenth century. Of special distinction are the sections of sixteenthand seventeenth century plays and poetry (including valuable editions of

Shakespeare, Jonson, Greene, Chapman, Heywood, and Nash), and works on logicand rhetoric. Also in the group are five incunabula, the most valuable of

which probably is a 1473 edition of Tacitus.

Sixteenth Century Grammare

Likewise in the realm of early printing is a remarkable assemblage ofabout 75 English and continental European grammars and related books, issued

from 1500 to the end of the sixteenth century, acquired through a grant from

the Graduate College Research Board. This collection is invaluable for

tracing the development of educational practices in an era which produced some

of the greatest literary figures in England.

Early Bibles

A number of early printed Bibles were added to the Library's extensive

collection. Through a gift from the University of Illinois Foundation came a

copy of the Insel-Verlag facsimile edition of the Gutenberg Bible. Previously,

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the Library possessed oftly a few leaves of this magnificent work, the firstprinted Bible, issued by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany, about 1450.The Insel-Verlog edition, produced in Leipzig, Germany, in 1913-14, is the firstand only complete facsimile of the Gutenberg Bible to be undertaken. Limitedto 300 copies, of which the one now owned by Illinois is number 184, thegreat two-volume set is an exact reproduction of the original in type, compo-sition, orthography, paper, illumination, and even watermarks. Photo-lithographicmethods were used to achieve a perfect replica.

Other outstanding acquisitions in this field included the famousComplutensian Bible in six volumes (Alcala de Henares, Spain, 1514-17); theGeneva Bible of 1551 in French: Latin Bibles published in London in 1581, andin Basel in 1556-64; in English, the so-called "Wife-beating Bible" of 1551,and the King James Bible of 1611; and the Saur Bible of 1763, the first GermanBible printed in the United States.

Organ Literature

A highly specialized collection relating to the organ was purchasedfrom a University alumnus, James C. Andrews. This lot of over 700 volumesincludes all of the major publications in English, German, French, Italian,Spanish, and Dutch, with representative works in seven other languages. Thecollection is reputed to be the most complete of its type in the United States,and one of the two most comolete in the world. Beginning with the eighteenthcentury, all important publications on the subject of organ building andmanufacture have been acquired down to date.

French Revolution

.From a New York dealer, H. P. Kraus, was obtained a collection of3,639 issues of periodicals published in France during the Revolutionary era,1789-1793, adding considerably to the Library's holdings in the field.

Other Noteworthy Additions to Library

(a) Through the "Farmington Plan", a cooperative program foracquisition by American libraries of books published currently in Europe andLatin America, the Library received approximately 1,700 volumes. (b) Amongunusual works added in philology and linguistics were 144 volumes in Italianlocal dialects. (c) First editiohs in the field of music included works byHandel and Schubert. (d) Rare and early titles were obtained in bibliography,printing history, and librarianship. (e) For nineteenth century Englishliterature there were added over 200 first editions by Thackeray, Ruskin,George Meredith, and Frederick Marryat. (f) Other areas in which monumentalsets, rare editions, or works of similar significance were procured includedGerman literature, classics, eighteenth century English literature, travel,economics, agriculture, art, architecture, and ornithology.

Periodicals and Newspapers

The Periodical Division of .the Library is receiving currently 18,521titles. Over 300 new titles were added to the subscription list during the year,indicating no diminution in the birth rate of journals.

Following an established policy, important sets of periodicals andother serial Dublications lacking in the Library's collection were acquiredwhenever onnortunity offered. Among major files obtained were the RevistaMusicale It 7rii-:- tschrift ~ die Gesamte Experimentelle Medezin, RevueBibliograe _ý ciety of Belgiumns Annales, GeologicaHungaric; ... M - .,.Monumenti, Deputazione Romana di StoriaPatria's Archivio, Hoiui e Prehi~torique, Volta Review, and American Annalsof the Deaf.

The situation with regard to Russian periodicals became increasinglyuncertain. The Library was drooped from the subscription lists of severaljournals and it appeared unlikely that renewals would be accepted for 1951.

For preservation purposes, more convenience in use, and to save space,the Library adopted a policy of subscribing, whenever available, for microfilmeditions, instead of the regular paper editions of newspapers. On thecurrent film subscription list are eleven foreign, thirteen domestic, andtwenty-five labor newspapers. One paper, the Louisville Courier-Journal, isbeing received in microprint form.

Exchanges

At the end of the year, the Library had active exchange relationsestablished with 3,666 American and foreign institutions. A total of 56,000University of Illinois publications were sent out by the Library or byindividual offices on the campus, in the course of the year. The total valueof the University of Illinois Press periodical publications (Illinois BiologicalMonogranhs, Monogranhs in the Medical Sciences, Illinois Studies in Languagesand Literature, Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences, and Journal of Englishand Germanic Philology) used for exchange nurposes was $5,707. In addition,large numbers of thesis abstracts and of Agricultural Experiment Station,Engineering Experiment Station, Geological Survey, Natural History Survey, andother publications originating on the University camous were distributed aroundthe world. No exact valuation has been placed on materials received in return,but a steady stream of exchange publications has been building up through theyears to enrich our resources in virtually all fields, and these continue toflow in from all over-the world.

Microfilm

The Library's microfilm holdings are growing at an accelerated rate.At present, they number about 1,000 reels and nearly 2,000 shorter films forindividual items. A majority are from large projects, such as the Short TitleCatalogue undertaking for filming English books from 1475 to 1640, AbrahamLincoln papers in the Library of Congress, Thomas Jefferson papers, Americanperiodicals from 1740 to 1825, and NRA hearings. The decision to substitutefilm for regular newspaper subscriptions is resulting in. a rapid expansionof the microfilm collection in this area. In microprint form, the most.ambitious project in which the Library is participating is the recentlyrevised plan for microprinting British Sessional Papers of the nineteenthcentury, an enterprise that will eventually reproduce some 6,000 volumes..

United Nations Collection

From the time of the San Francisco Conference, the Library has madesystematic efforts to collect publications of the United Nations. There arenow assembled here more than 50,000 printed and mimeographed documents,probably as complete a collection as is to be found outside the United NationsLibrary. The Library is a designated depository for all materials distributedwithout charge, and purchasesother documents. In order to maintain a completecollection, the Library checks regularly periodical lists issued by theUnited Nations, and other bibliograohies on the subject. The collection ishoused in a "United Nations Room" of the History and Political Science Library.

Gifts

As in orevious years, the Library benefited immensely by gifts ofbooks and other materials from numerous individuals and organizations. Amongimportant gifts received were 119 volumes from the Library of Dr. J. HowardBeard, late University Health Officer; 689 volumes and 104 pamphlets fromProfessor Edward G. Lewis of the Political Science Department; 406 volumes, 89pamphlets, and 178 periodicals from the estate of Albert Anderson Pease, inaddition t 126 volumes presented to the Library by Mr. Pease just .rior to hisdeath. Also received were 43 cartons of books and architectural periodicalsfrom the estate of Henry R. Helmle, an alumnus of the School of Architecture;234 volumes of ScandinaviLn language and literature from Professor George T.Flom; and 350 volumes from the H. S. Capron estate. A more detailed list ofdonors is appended to the present report.

USE OF THE LIBRARY

During the past year the Library has continued to be used heavily,but the nature of the use has begun to change. General circulation, i.e.,borrowing for home use, increased nine percent and reached an all-time high,but there was a twelve percent dron in the use of reserve books, This isa i'holesome development, as educators generally agree that a rise in homecirculation and a decline in reserve book use are healthy signs of individualinitiative and maturity on the part of readers. Stated in statistical terms,the average student in 1949-50 borrowed seventeen books on long-period loans,.as compared to fifteen and one-half the previous year, while he used withinthe building, or borrowed overnight, thirty-six reserve books, contrasted tothirty-nine for the year before. Probable explanations for the shifts intype of use are changes in enrollment (growth of the Graduate College, declinein .the number of underclassmen and of veterans); modifications in libraryservice (creation of the Undergraduate Library, more open-shelf reserves);and new methods of teaching (e.g., more extensive assignment of collateralreadings).

Almost one-third of the increased loans of books for home use was*accounted for by the new Undergraduate Library, which comnleted its firstyear. Creation of this Library imoroved materially services to undergraduate

students, who for the first time had available on open shelves a substantialcollection of books for general circulation.

Another factor bearing uwon the decline in reserv book use was thepolicy of transferring more reserves to open shelves in the hemistry, History,English, and Germanic and Romance Languages Libraries. Open shelf reservesare more satisfactory in that they permit the student to examine severalbooks before reading, but since the use is not recorded the practice leads toan apparent decrease in circulation.

In other aspects of library service, students accounted for seventy-seven percent of library use, faculty members seventeen oercent, and otherssix percent. Continuing the fifteen-year trend noted in last year's report,departmental libraries supplied an increasing percentage of all libraryservice, As the Undergraduate Library began to provide reference servicespecifically for freshmen and sophomores, the general Reference Departmentwas freed for more advanced reference and bibilograhhical work. InformationDesk services increased about fifty percent. The volume of inter-library loansremained constant, but was supolemented by increased use of microfilm as asubstitute for the loan of original materials,

Undergraduate Library

Certain phases of the work of the Undergraduate Library have beentouched upon above. In its initial year this library has been highlysuccessful. Not only has it greatly improved library service to undergraduates,but also it has enabled other departments of the University Library to devotean increased share of their efforts to the more advanced and specializedneeds of graduate students, upperclassmen and faculty members. The changein the' work nf the Reference and Circulation. Departments has been particularlynoticeable. To some extent, however, the services provided by the Under-graduate Library have proved to be additional services, for there was nodecline in the use of the Reference or Circulation Departments or thebrowsing rooms,

Undergraduate sfudents have welcomed and used this attractive newlibrary devoted to their needs. No barriers of closed stacks or unwieldycatalogs are interposed. betwe-en the students and the books, with the resultthat more undergraduate students than ever before have used library materialsfor collateral and recreational reading. The new library, with an informalatmosohere, books on open shelves, and effective staff assistance when needed,now provides for undergraduates some of the quality of library serviceprevicusly available only to.graduate students and faculty members indepartmental libraries.

Nevertheless, limitations of space seriously handicap the Under-graduate Library. There is not sufficient room for all reserve books, norare there enough seats for all who want to use the Library at certain periods.Another area in which space is a limiting factor is in the Trovision ofperiodicals. A selected list of current magazines has'been placed in theLibrary, but there is not sufficient shelf room for the back files which must:be consulted by undergraduates, especially in the writing of term papers. Aproposal now under consideration for exoansion of seating space in the

Undergraduate Library is for utilization of the adjoining light court forreaders, though this area. would be usable only during the outdoor season.

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It may be said with confidence that establishment of theUndergraduate Library is the greatest single improvement in library service inthe University in recent years. This improvement has been immediate, is farreaching, and will undoubtedly continue.

Other New Divisions

The newly established Physical Education Library, located in aprominent and desirable area on the first floor, provided excellent serviceto students in that field, and by the volume of its use has amply justifiedits creation and location. The cartographic laboratory, set uo at thebeginning of the year in a room adjoining the Man Library, was extensivelyused by the Geography Department. Chiefly as a result of this development, useof the man collection more than doubled. Late in the year, a reading roomwas established in the new East Chemistry Building, in attractive quarters. Thebook collection for the room, which is administered as a branch of theChemistry Library, consists chiefly of duplicate sets from the ChemistryLibrary, suonlemented by back files of periodical subscriDtions donated bymembers of the Biochemistry and Chemical Engineering faculties,

Few Library Councils

To further cooperation and coordination among all public servicedepartments of the library organization, five informal councils were establishedin the sering of 1950. Each council is comnosed of departmental librariesserving related subject fields and faced with similar -roblems. The fivegroups are: science and engineering, social sciences, humanities, fine arts,and special materials (newspapers, mans, etc.). The olan of organization,by subject fields, was designed to Dlace Drimary emphasis on subject interestsand services of the libraries. The librarians in each council elect a chairman,and schedule regular meetings, at which matters of common interest arediscussed, uniform practices agreed unon, and, in general, a better understandinggained of how each unit fits into the whole library system. The plan isdesigned to achieve some of the advantages of subject divisional organizationfor a large university library system with many departmental libraries, andat the same time to bring about democratic participation by an important groupof librarians in the administration of the Library. Thus far, the scheme hasproved highly practicable and successful.

PHYSICAL PROBLEMS OF LIBRARY

At various points in the Library organization, minor constructionprojects relieved, or are in process of relieving, some of the Library'sphysical problems. In the main library, a suite of offices for the twoAssistant Directors and the Assistant Librarian for Personnel was provided inspace formerly used for storage of the Sousa collection. Some relief for thelong-standing problems of space in the Agriculture and Chemistry Libraries isin sight through two projects now in progress and scheduled to be completed bySeptember 1950. In the Agriculture Library, two floors of book stacks arebeing added, to take care of the growth of the book collection for perhaps aanother decade. The Chemistry Library has been assigned a room on the first floor

directly under its present quarters. The new room will accommodate twentyadditional readers and contain shelving for about 12,000 volumes. A stairwaywill connect the Chemistry Library to this annex. Another project authorized,but not yet completed, is modernisation of lighting in the Engineering Library,an area in which lighting has been particularly unsatisfactory. The MusicLibrary acquired additional storage space for its disk collection by takingover a former ticket office in Smith Music Hall. The Natural History Libraryalso added to its storage facilities, through elimination of the old stairwayin the Natural History Building. Other minor changes added two facultystudies and a storage room on the fourth floor of the main library, and aidedthe Library School Library and Map Library.

Despite these alleviations, major problems of space continued toconfront the Library. The most pressing need in library quarters is firadditions to the general library building. As previously reported, book shelvesare seriously overcrowded and various unsatisfactory expedients are beingadopted for temporary relief. There is also an urgent need for additionalseminar rooms, faculty studies, and individual study cubicles, to helpaccommodate the University's expanding graduate program. For example, duringthe past year 356 persons were assigned to the 204 carrels available in theLibrary, and many applications for assignments had to be refused.

Also approaching the emergency stage is the question of modernizinglighting in the general library building. Virtually all areas - reading rooms,bookstacks, service points, work rooms, seminars, offices, and studies - arenow suffering from obsolete or obsolescent lighting. Conferences in the courseof the year with Professor Kraehenbuehl of the Department of Electrical Engi-neering,a recognized authority on library lighting, and with Director Havensand several members of his Physical Plant Department staff led to a strongrecommendation for modernization of lighting in the entire building and forthe use of fluorescent lighting.

Serious problem areas exist also in four departmental libraries:Architecture, Engineering, Law, and Undergraduate Libraries. All lacksufficient seats for library users and are urgently in need of more bookshelving. In each case, no adequate provision is likely to be made untiladditions to present buildings or new buildings are constructed.

PREPARATION OF MATERIALS

The technical departments of the Library - Acquisition, Catalog,Binding, and Photographic Reproduction - are charged with the procurement,organization, and preparation for use of all types of library materials.

Acquisition Department

Some of the activities of the Acquisition Department have beenreviewed above under "Growth of the Library". All materials added to theLibrary by purchase, exchange, or gift are obtained through this department.By purchase, 46,898 volumes and pamphlets were acouired, together with 6,023music scores, maps, manuscripts, photographic reproductions, sound recordings,prints, and broadsides. The total number of gifts was even larger: 61,035

pieces, consisting in the major categories of 19,447 volumes, 35,219 pamphlets,5,693 maps, and 663 music scores. Altogether, by various methods ofacquisition, the Library received 116,404 pieces of material in the courseof the year, exclusive of periodical issues.

Because of sharm increases in the cost of books, periodicalsubscriptions and bindings, and practically stabilized book budget, a highdegree of selectivity was necessary in the purchase of materials. Requestsfrom teaching departments and individual faculty members were arranged bypriorities and in general, only top-priority items were bought. Despitethis policy, funds allocated to a number of departments were exhausted by thefirst of February. Consequently, a large backlog of orders had to be deferreduntil the new fiscal year, 1950-51.

In order to conserve funds for binding and neriodical subscriptions,the Department's Periodical Division surveyed its entire list of currentlyreceived titles. The number of copies to be bound was limited to thoseconsidered essential for future use, As a rule, only one copy of officialpublications of states outside Illinois is retained, a decision reached inpart because of the Midwest Inter-Library Center's -rogram for developing infuture a complete collection of such documents. It was also decided to limit,with few exceptions, mimeogranhed material to one coyv for the permanentcollection. Because of the size of student enrollment, the number of facultymembers t' be served, and the over-laoning needs of departmental libraries, someduplication in books and journal files will always be desirable and necessary,but, lacking unlimited funds, the Library must hold such dunlication to minimumrequirements.

The arrangement of new exchanges with domestic and foreign -institutionsand the re-establishment and expansion of existing exchanges increasedsubstantially during the year and resulted in the acquisition of much worthwhilematerial, as was previously pointed out. A large number of foreign periodicalsformerly received on exchange, however, must now be purchased, due to increasingpublishing costs and the unstable economic situation in many foreign countries.From the Orient, exchanges with Chinese institutions have again been interrunted,but Japanese societies, universities, government offices, and other organiza-tions are extremely cooperative in sending material on exchange.

Binding Department

The binding contract for the biennium beginning July 1, 1949, wasawarded to Ernst Hertzberg and Sons, of Chicago, a firm which has held thecontract since competitive bids were first required by the Board of Trusteesin 1941. The contract covers all books and serials with the exception ofnewspapers, which are bound by Washerts Bindery of Mahomet, and Illinoistypewritten masters1 and doctors' thesis, which are bound by the FlaniganPearson Printing Comin(y of Champaign.

The total number of volumes bound by the commercial binderies

during the past year was 22,682. Included were 964 newspaper volumes and 704theses. Arrears in binding accumulated during the war and post-war years, as.a result of labor and material shortages, were virtually eliminated by the

middle of the year, and Hertzberg has generally been able to return regular

binding within four weeks and rush orders within two weeks.

Because of the increase in the volume of material requiring bindingand the increased costs of binding, the appropriation for this purpose hasdoubled in the past five years. Even so, funds have proved quite inadequate,despite a policy of limiting the quantity of binding, through rigid selectionof material to be bound and reducing the number of dunlicate volumes. Furthersteps were taken in the past year, therefore, to effect savings in bindingexpense. The principal measures adooted were specification of "standarr d

rather than "superior" binding for about ninety percent of serial volumes;use of a still less expensive binding for smaller and lighter books; eliminationof collation of volumes by the bindery, unless specifically requested: leavingpages containing advertising in all issues unless directed otherwise; andomission of lettering on less important and little-used serials. These economiesbrought down the average cost oer volume bound from $2.66 in 1948-49 to $2.15 in1949-50, and it is anticipated that further savings will be possible in thecoming year.

Demands on binding funds were eased somewhat, also, by reducingconsiderably the number of newspaper volumes bound. Provisional plans for thetransfer of many newspaper files to the Midwest Inter-Library Center and theLibrary's program for microfilming certain files were factors in this decision.

In addition to materials sent to the commercial bindery, nearly 14,000books, pamphlets and other items passed through the Binding Department duringthe year, for purposes of binding, repair and preservation. Included were about500 volumes of mimeographed and other processed volumes.

Catalog Department

A total of 27,447 new titles and 9P145 volumes were added to theLibrary's cataloged and classified collections by the Catalog Department duringthe year, an increase of six percent in titles and two percent in volumes over194g-4 9 . New cards added to the general catalog numbered 87,380, and todeoartmental library catalogs 57,346. For the most -art, materials purchasedcurrently were cataloged when received and the arrearage in cataloging of giftcollections and other accumulations was reduced slightly.

In the past few years, the Library of Congress has undertakenextensive revisions of its cataloging rules, aimed chiefly at simplificationand economy. In view of the fact that the University of Illinois Library usesLibrary of Congress printed cards for a high percentage of its books, it was

Sdecided to follow the new rules, except for minor modifications. These changesare expected to reduce the cost of establishing catalog entries and bibliographicdescription, and to speed un the cataloging process.

In connection with a cooterative agreement with the. Library ofCongress, catalogers prepared catalog entries for 954 titles, for which theLibrary of Congress printed cards. More than half the titles representedpublications received by this Library through the Farmington Plan for theacquisition of current foreign books.

To economize on the mounting cost of reproducing catalog cards,multigraph type, a method in use since 1912, was adandoned and the multilithmethod of card duplication was installed, in the spring of 1950. The new

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machine is printing satisfactory copy at costs considerably leer than theold multigraph apparatus.

Other activities of the Catalog Department were of vari d nature.Checking and reporting of Illinois holdings for the fPrthcomizg suolement ofthe Union List of Serials in the United States progressed. Measures were takento expedite the cataloging of serial publications, a highly technical anddifficult branch of cataloging. Many titles and duplicate copies of booksfrom the discontinued Galesburg Division, not needed in the UndergraduateLibrary, were cataloged for the general library. A decision was made totransfer from the Circulation Department loan files to the public shelf listall records for material kept more or less permanently in departmentallibraries and reading rooms; this project involved the Catalog and CirculationDe-oartments in considerable additional labor, but the change is exected tosoeed uo circulation services. Growth of the catalog made necessary theaddition of 240 card trays, and the consequent redistribution of cardsthroughout the catalog.

Photographic Reproduction Laboratory

The microfilm work of the Photogranhic Reproduction Laboratory in1949-50 involved making over 53,000 exposures. Of these, about 41,000 were fororders received from other libraries or sources outside the University,reproducing materials in our collections. The balance represents microfilms forthis Library, often made, by permission of the owners, from books andjournals obtained on inter-library loans. Enlargement prints totaled 4,665,again mainly to fill outside requests.

The project for microfilming deteriorating newspaper files proceededslowly because of the fragile condition of the paper and other demands onthe laboratory, but considerable progress had been made before the end.of theyear in filming Champaign-Urbana papers. Because of heavy use, these fileswere in danger of being lost completely.

MEDICAL LIBRARY

.Recorded use of the Medical Library's facilities showed a 19.4percent increase in circulation of material, a decided gain in the number ofbooks and periodicals withdrawn from the Library. 'This figure does not,however, represent the total use of resources, since open bookstacks andcurrent periodicals and reference works on reading room shelves make possibleextensive consultation of library materials without formal record. Similarly,one of the major functions of the Library, reference service to students,faculty, hospital staffs, and others, is difficult to measure statistically,but is of primary importance and occupies a large portion of library staff time.Sampling of attendance made from time to time during the year showed an averageof 480 individuals used the Medical Library reading rooms daily.

An added service inaugurated was for the benefit of faculty memberswho needed to consult numerous books and periodicals in connection with researchproblems. The Library undertook to assemble the materials and have them readyfor use within twenty-four hours after lists were filed at the circulation desk.

In the Libraryts acquisition work, uncertainties were introduced byinability to estimate the cost of current foreign periodicals, particularlyGerman, and by lack of information on what periodicals of the war years wouldbe supolied to complete files. Consequently, funds had to be held in reserve,and expenditures for new books curtailed. A thorough survey of periodicalsubscriotions is Planned for 1950-51, to eliminate little-used, overly-expensiveand unimportant titles. The resulting savings will be apDlied to the purchaseof current material of greater value.

Gifts, especially of periodical publications, came to the Libraryregularly. Additions to library resources also came from special funds. Tentitles dealing with gastroenterology were purchased from the Singer MemorialFund. A portion of the Hertzler Fund, derived from the sale of duplicateperiodicals from the Hertzler collection, was used for purchasing severaltitles in the history of medicine. The sum of $1,200 was added to the PuseyFund for dermatological publications; files of two German and two Japanesedermatological journals were acquired. From miscellaneous gift funds werepurchased several books on cancer.

In the direction of contributions to the medical library professionwere two programs. First was a special course for training medical librariansfor veterans' hospitals, offered for the second time at the request of theU.S. Veterans Administration. Under the sponsorship of the Library School andthe University Extension Division, this course, "Medical Literature andReference Work", was presented during a three-week period, May 8-26, withsupervision by Miss Troxel, Medical Sciences Librarian, and lectures by variousmembers of the College of Medicine faculty. Twelve Veterans Administrationhospital librarians and three students from other libraries attended thecourse.

Another activity was in connection with the Committee on InternationalCooperation of the Medical Library Association, which, with RockefellerFoundation aid, sponsors a scholarship program for foreign medical librarians.These librarians are brought to the United States for periods up to a year,during which they visit and work in medical libraries, and in some instancesenroll in library schools. The University of Illinois Medical Librarycooperated by accepting five South American students for varying periods ofobservation and work experience.

In its technical processes, the Medical Library completed a projectstarted ten years ago for recataloging of the book collection. The catalog isnow,for the first time, a complete, consistent, and accurate record of theLibrary's book resources. For current publications, the staff continued itspractice of having new books ready for circulation within two days of theirreceipt in the Library. Other undertakings were beginning the organizationfor use of the extensive Hertzler collection of reprints and pamphlets;assistance in rreparation of a union list of periodicals in special librariesof the Chicago area, published during the spring in Illinois Libraries; andcarrying on a wide system of exchanges for duplicate publications withAmerican and foreign institutions.

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CHICAGO UNDERGRADUATE DIVISION LIBRARY

The year 1949- 50 may be considered as the first "normal" yearexperienced by the Chicago Undergraduate Library. The first three years,1946-49, were primarily devoted to creation of a new service organization,during which such basic matters as physical plant, personnel, administrativestructure, records, routines, and objectives were worked out.

Physical changes and improvements in the Library during the -ast yearincluded installation of additional ranges of shelving, to bring the bookcapacity up to 50,000 volumes, sufficient, it is anticipated, to last untilthe end of 1951. Another important project was enlargement of the reservebook station at the shore end of Navy Pier, to increase the seating capacityfrom thirty-three to about seventy-five.

The Library's circulation figures continued to increase at asubstantial rate. The total for the year was 50,007, of which 24,793 werehome loans to students, 20,005 reserve book loans, and 5,209 faculty loans,representing an overall increase of twenty-seven percent above 1948-49. Anunusual factor in the Library's situation, constituting something of ahandicap, is the fact that practically all circulation of books occurs betweenten and three, because of the location on the extreme end of the Pier and thecomoaratively short hours in which the Pier is open. The bulk of the Library'scirculation, therefore, takes place within a twenty-seven hour period eachweek. By subject fields, fiction, American and English literature, economics,nhysical education, chemistry, and mathematics ranked highest in number ofvolumes circulated.

The Reference department staff answered 17,044 research andinformational questions in the course of the year. The quality of thisservice improved considerably through an addition to the staff, and by areduction in the number of queries, brought about by a systematic program ofinstruction in the use of the library. Consequently more time was availablefor individual students and faculty members.

In cooperation with the College of Liberal Arts, during the springterm, several members of the Library staff began an ambitious program oflibrary teaching. A full week's instruction to each of twenty-eight classsections was given, spread over a seven-week neriod and reaching 617 students.Lectures, class discussions, laboratory nroblems, and examinations wereemoloyed to provide students with both a theoretical and practical knowledgeof library operations and use. To assist in the program, a fifty-cage libraryhandbook, prepared by the Librarian, was used as a text.

At the end of the year, the Library held 39,361 volumes, a growthof 12,415 volumes, the largest gain in any single year since the collectionstarted. Among the leading sources of these additions were processing of1,416 works on architecture and other fields, received by gift in previousyears; purchase of more than 1,800 volumes on English and Americanliterature; and acquisition of a special collection of over 1,000 volumes of

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standard fiction. The Library subscribed to 537 periodicals and held 5,032bound volumes of periodicals. In order to avoid having a disproportionate partof the book budget spent for serial publications, efforts were made tostablize the periodical subscription list, adding only necessary titles anddroDning those of minor importance.

PERSONNtL

The personnel turnover in the Library showed no marked change. Inthe academic group there were six more annointments than in the orevious yearand five fewer resignations, with a total of forty-nine anoointments andtwenty-nine resignations for 19q9-50. In view of the large number of juniorassistants on the staff, working for advanced degrees and gaining exoerience,it would normally be expected that a considerable nercentage of arnointeeswould remain for no more than two or three years. The presence of the LibrarySchool at Illinois emphasizes this asnect of personnel, with the Libraryassuming an obligation to the profession to aid in the preparation of younglibrarians.

Among important staff changes were the anwointment of Paul J.Burnette as Education Librarian; Eugene A. Holtman as Bookstacks Librarian:Bill M. Woods as Map Librarian; Mrs. Theo Nelson as Physical EducationLibrarian; and Eleanor Blum as Reference Librarian of the UndergraduateLibrary. Mrs. Katherine M. Wheeler, a member of the Catalog Department staffsince 1915, retired August 31, 1949. Two members of the Circulation Depart-ment staff, Cecilia M. Kingsley and Bobby E. Siberts, died in the course ofthe year.

Many changes took place also in the nonacademic staff, with sixty-eight new appointments and seventy-five resignations. The quality of theLroun, however, was excellent; a majority were college graduates and a goodnumber had previous library experience. Most were wives of students finishinggraduate work, which accounts for their relatively brief stays on the librarystaff.

The continued heavy registration in the University and the activeuse of library facilities nlaced a severe strain on the wage budget for studentassistants. The largest number of students emoloyed in any one month was 232in April 1950, and the lowest 126 in August 1949. During the year, 477different students were emoloyed.

Several deDartments of the Librnry exnerimented with in-serviceprograms. As oreviously described, there was instituted a grou- of councilsamong departmental librarians with related interests. The Acquisition Depart-ment, continuing a -ractice begun the year before, carried on an extendedweekly program during Dart of the year for its entire staff. The CirculationDenartment had weekly staff meetings, where the work of the deoartment wasdiscussed and related to other nublic service units. The work done by thestaff on exhibits, radio, and the Library Hour might also be considered aspart of a training program.

PUBLIC BELATIOFS

In the field of nublic relations were three programs carried on bythe Library, aimed at stimulating reading and informing the community of ourresources. These were the weekly "Library Hour", the "Library Presents"radio program, and exhibitions.

The Library Hour committee of the Librarians t Association arrangedtwenty-one programs for the fall and sDring semesters. Attendance at twentyof the series totaled 1,040, an increase of fourteen percent over theprevious year. Not inc2 d in this total was an overflow audience, estimatedat 500, in the Gregory Hall theatre to hear Professor Paul Landis' annualreading of Dickens' Christmas Carol. The variety of topics dealt with inthe series is illustrated by the following titles of talks: "Unnatural AaturalHistory" (American folklore), "Recreation on the Camnus", "Backwoods Utopias"(communistic settlements in America), "Geography and American Foreign Policy","Why People are Not Alike" (genetics), "Paul Laurence Dunbar", "Aviation","Understanding Other People" (psychology), "Linguistic Interludes inAfghanistan", "Arts in Mid-Century-", "Contemporary Music", "Naturalism in theModern American Novel", "The Playwright's Workshop", "Contemporary Painting","Movies as an Art", "Rambles in Europe", "Radio and Television at theUniversity of Illinois", "Americans in the Orient", "British Crime Balladsand Broadsides", and "Adventures on a South American Campus". Nearly allprograms were correlated with books, films, art, and other library materials.Usually, short lists of recommended readings were distributed to audiences.

Of a similar nature is the "Library Presents" program, scheduledweekly during the academic year, over station WILL. Thirty-five talks oroanel discussions were presented in 1949-50. The University faculty andlibrary staff members were the -rincinal source of speakers. As in the LibraryHour, the programs dealt with a variety of tonics. Insofar as possible, theentire series was related in some way to books or libraries.

A third type of -ublic relations activity was exhibitions of librarymaterials. A committee of the Librarians' Association was assisted by otherlibrary staff and faculty members in preoaring an unusually interesting andimportant program of exhibits throughout the year. The principal exhibits, eachscheduled to run for an average of about one month, were: "Books and Librariesin Cartoons", "Newspapers and Great Events", "United Nations", "Arts andCrafts of Japan", "The Bible in Many Languages", "Theory of the Earth", "SomeManuscripts in the University Library", "Aboriginal America", "AmericanTextbooks", "University of Illinois Faculty Publications", and "Festival ofContemporary Arts".

MIDWEST INTER-LIBRIRY CENTER

According to the present schedule the building under construction inChicago, financed by the Carnegie and Rockefeller grants, for the MidwestInter-Library Center will be ready for occupancy in the spring of 1951. Atthat time the Center will be prepared to accept materials on deposit from thethirteen participating libraries, of which the University of Illinois is one.In the preferred categories are the following types of material: State documents

-15-

(of which the Center expects to build up a comprehensive collection for theUnited States), older textbooks (all educational levels), foreign and Americandissertations, college catalogs, trade journals, house organs, foreigparliamentary proceedings, telephone directories, and newspapers.

The MILC Board of Directors has agreed to accept deposits underany of four conditions: (a) outright gift, with ownership relinquished; (b)title remaining with derositing institution, deposit to be permanent so longas the Center shall last; (c) title remaining with depositing institution, anddeposits expected to be indefinite; (d) rental storage.

Cooperating libraries will be connected by teletype, and a teletype-writer installed in each library, to facilitate rapid transmission of messagesbetween the Center and individual libraries.

A considerable amount of discussion and study have been devoted bythe Senate Library Committee and Library staff to the ouestion of possiblecategories for deposit by the University of Illinois Library. It is generallyagreed that greatest relief in the way of space would come from the newspapercollection and that there would be little or no inconvenience in sendingAmerican foreign language and many Illinois local papers to the Chicagocenter. Other types of material under consideration for deposit are textbooks,foreign dissertations, college catalogs, house organs, and telephonedirectories. No final decisions will be made, however, until after fullconsultations with faculty members potentially affected.

A point worthy of serious consideration, in view of an increasinglytroubled international situation, is whether valuable library materials shouldbe stored in such a militarily strategic and vulnerable location as Chicago.When war dangers threaten, the usual nolicy is to decentralize irreplaceablecollections in smaller communities. It is to be honed that the internationalpicture will be clearer before the time arrives for placing deposits inChicago.

HOW EFFECTIVE IS THE UNIVERSITYOF ILLINOIS LIBRARY?

Under this heading, Arthur M. McAnally, Assistant Director forPublic Service Departments, discussed in his annual report the program andplace of the Library in the University. Professor McAnally came to theUniversity at the beginning of the year, after a long period of successfulexperience in other institutions, and because of his recent arrival perhapssees the Library more objectively than those of us who have been on the scenefor a longer period. His comments are therefore particularly worthy ofattention, as an impartial and critical appraisal of the Library'seffectiveness in its various activities and responsibilities. ProfessorMcAnally's statement is as follows:

"The University of Illinois possesses one of the great libralrycollectionsof the country. These resources have been developed gradually over a

great many years and we therefore may have become, accustomed to taking

them for granted without realizing what a really valuable possessionthey actually can be. Unquestionably, the resources of the Universityof Illinois Library as the third largest university collection in thecountry are outstanding; but the question of how good is the Universityif Illinois Library requires an answer in two parts, for libraryresources no matter how great have no functional value to the Universityunless they are used. Just how well are the University of IllinoisLibrary resources used? To answer this question we need to lookbriefly at the six main functions of the University and then ask how

*well the library fills its role in each. These six functions areconservation of knowledge and ideas, teaching, research, publication,extension and service, and interpretation. Naturally major emphasis isplaced on teaching and research.

"First, it can hardly be questioned that the library does an excellentjob of collecting and preserving the graphic records of the past. Inthe process of selecting, the library utilizes not only the knowledgeof book trade and bibliographical specialists on the library staff, butalso draws heavily upon the snecialized subject knowledge of itsfaculty members and departmental librarians. It continually has todecide between expansion of collections and duplication necessary forconvenierce, but I believe a hanpy balance has been struck. Materialsacquired in this cooperative selection method should be related closely,therefore, to actual University needs. In types of materials collected,the library has done very well indeed in the field of printed materials,but only in recent years has begun to collect actively manuscripts,rare books, maps, archival materials, etc., and therefore is not sostrong in these fields. The library has not yet acknowledged aresponsibility for audio-visual materials partly because of financialand processing difficulties, although a number of departmental librariesare active in these fields on an individual responsibility basis.Judging from the popularity of such materials, the library cannot avoidmuch longer a commitment in this field. In conclusion it should benoted, however, that printed materials are the backbone of a universitylibrary, and the other materials are supplementary obligations imposedby eminence in research or assumed as a matter of policy, and musttake a second place to books and periodicals.

"Second, effective use of the library in teaching is a jointresponsibility of the faculty and the library, and can be achieved onlythrough the best cooperative efforts of each. However, in some fieldsof education the library has primary responsibility. It has provided30 conveeniently located service points, and provided each with a usablecollection and a staff with sound professional and subject backgrounds.There are not so many points that their maintenance is a serious drainon the University - several universities have more, often to theirsorrow. These service points are designed to meet the need of allstudents, graduate and undergraduate, of faculty members,and of others.I believe that these service points are in general very well run.

"The library has recognized and nerformed well its responsibility forinstructing students in how to use graphic records, through courses in

-17-

library use, bibliography, and the literature of subject fields,through provision of a handbook for undergraduates, and a projected onefor graduates, through library tours for freshmen, and.other means.The library has also performed well its independent teachingresponsibilities by providing recreational and cultural reading, byexhibits and displays, and by lecture and radio programs. It providesmuch individual aid and instruction for students in the departmentallibraries, the reference department, information desk, and UndergraduateLibrary.

"The important role of the faculty in library usefulness is indicatedby the fact that 90 percent of library use is inspired directly orindirectly by the faculty. Only ten percent orginates with theindividual student, arising out of his iersonal interest and needs.For this reason, successful utilization of library resources requiresfull cooperation between the faculty and the library. However, thereare many methods of teaching and many methods of using the librrry inteaching, each with its own values. Although there is some uniformityof practice in related subject fields, there are no set standards, andno uniform patterns of which we can say, this is best. Effective use ofthe library is an individualized matter, and will vary from faculty-member to faculty member according to his training, his methods ofteaching, his subject field, his inclination, and his.personality.The library has an obligation to see that the individual facultymember has a reasonable knowledge of the library resources availablein his field, both as they exist and as they are augmented. He alsoshould be informed about library services, the values which the libraryoffers, and the problems which his students may encounter in the useof graphic records. Aside from the efficient conduct of his libraryalong sound professional lines, this duty to inform and cooperatewith the faculty is the most important responsibility that theindividual librarian has. Upon his success in this area depends thetrue success of the librarian.

"During the oast year particular attention has been paid to the roleof the college or departmental librarian in the department or college.A soecial committee of departmental librarians was annointed torecommend improvements in this field. Useful practices noted orsuggested were to call on new faculty members or invite them to apersonal tour of the library, to participate in departmental affairs,if welcome, serve on curriculum or other committees, seek facultyaid in book selection, issue lists of recent acquisitions (now done infourteen libraries), notify individual faculty members of new books orarticles of probable interest to them, seek the cooperation of thedepartmental library committees on policy matters, and other -ractices.Improvements in this area will necessarily be gradual, but I hope sureand lasting.

"In eleven departmental libraries, conference or seminar rooms areprovided and are invariably very valuable adjuncts; I wish morecould be provided in the general library as well. as in other deoartmentallibraries.

"There are two ways in which the library could improve quickly itscooperation, both involving information which could be provided to thefaculty. A journal of acquisitions should be established, to reporton the special collections that we now have and the important additionsas they are made. Most of our imnortant special collections, and wehave a great many, have been incorporated into the main body of thelibrary instead of being maintained separately. Thus such materialstend to be overlooked or neglected, especially by new faculty members.Such a journal would also enhance the reputation of the Universityamong scholars everywhere, and probably would stimulate gifts ofother outstanding collections. In this same area the survey oflibrary resources would be invaluable if it could be completed andpublished. Along the same lines, it would be beneficial for eachdepartmental library to circulate at three to five year intervals alist of the journals received by his library - in a few casesthis has been done already. The second improvement that could bemade easily would be to always notify the faculty member individuallywhen a book he has ordered comes. Perhaps some librarian orfaculty member who might be interested should be notifiedindividually about every new purchase. This is not done uniformlyat present.

"Third, in the field of research the University library offersexcellent services. Tot only does it nrovide the resources,usually outstanding in scientific subjects but excellent in all,but it also provides many specialized cervices in both departmentallibraries and in the general library building. It provides anindex to all resources of the library, an outstanding collectionof general bibliogranhies, guides, and indexes, and also givesindividual aid to research nersonnel through the Reference Depart-ment and departmental libraries. It will borrow at libraryexpense or procure on microfilm material which is needed but notavailable on this campus. Only in the field of nreparation ofspecial bibliographies has the library been somewhat remiss, but agood many are made as it is and others might be so large a job thatthey require cooperative action with other libraries. It isdoubtful if the practice of two other university libraries ofproviding special bibliographical or research assistance for thefaculty is desirable.

"Fourth, in the field of nublication the library itself has not beenparticularly active but has aided in the publications of otherdepartments of the University. Perhaps the library should prepareand issue more book lists for nublic or other special use, if itcould do so without duplicating work already being performedelsewhere.

"Fifth, as to extension and service to the state and region, the manyservices of this kind now offered by the library are often over-looked. In addition to providing books for extramural courses, thelibrary also provides services to non-university groups in the Law,

-19.

Agriculture, Labor and Industrial Relations, Prowsing, and MusicLibraries. These services usually are provided in connection withspecial programs or institutes of the college or department itself.The library as a whole also furnishes many materials on inter-libraryloan and answers a great many reference questions from the state.Included in the 6% of total use by others, are an increasing numberof visiting scholars. How far the library should go in providingextension and other service to the state is questionable. Thelibrary's main responsibility is to the camnus, but it neverthelesscannot avoid certain state and national resnonsibilities arisingfrom the nature of the University and the eminence of the library.

"Sixth, the library has no role in the interpretation and disseminationof research, i.e., the application and popularization of discoveriesand developments made in the University, or elsewhere.

"To summarize, the University library can well be proud of the

effectiveness of its services to the University, for it is doinga good and in many respects an excellent job. However, there isno reason for complacency - improvements certainly can be made inmany areas. Furthermore, good library usefulness is not a status whichwhich can be once attaihed and then forgotten, but demandscontinual foresight, intelligent direction, proper support, and thebest efforts of the members of the library staff, faculty, and -

administration."

In conclusion, I would like to take advantage of this onDortunity toexpress to you once again my deep appreciation for the support which you,Provost Griffith, and Comptroller Morey have given to the University Libraryduring the period covered by this report. The high standing of the IllinoisLibrary could not have been achieved or maintained without the whole-heartedand enthusiastic backing of such administrators, present and past.

Respectfully submitted,

R. B. Downs,Director

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Table III Enrollment in the University and Use of the

University Library, 1945-46 to 1949-50*

Enrollment Use of LibraryYear Undergrad. Graduate Total Deptl. R. R. & Libs. Total

1945-46 13,516 1,439 14,955 364,854 646,740

1946-47 17,s84 2,195 20,043 643,151 1,118,298

1947-48 18,273 2,886 21,159 683,387 1.133,384

1948-49 17,750 3,402 21,152 731,273 1,153,320

1949-50 17,802 24,210 22,012 752,032 1,108,364

*Urbana campus only; summer session excluded. Data from Universitycatalogs and annual reports of the Director of the Library.

TABLE IV

RECORDED USE OF THE LIBPARY IfN URBANA AND CHICAGOFOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1950

IN URBANAGeneral CirculationGeneral Library

Circulation DeskBrowsing RoomUndergraduateDepartmental libraries

in General LibraryDepartmental libraries in

other buildingsTotal General Circulation

Reserve BooksGeneral LibraryReference RoomUndergraduate LibraryDepartmental libraries in

General LibraryDepartmental libraries in

other buildingsTotal Recorded ReserveBook Use

Students Faculty

120,3739, 46

30,642

54,621

120, 809335.913

22,164494391,863

14,291

35,7647ts52T

Use in Library

50,783100,098

246, 342

179,966

568,189

Others Total

1,1551.3s84

163

2,145

23,1484

Overnight use

85912,941

41,996

41,614

97,410o

Total Recorded Use in Urbana

OTHER CAMPUSESChicago

Medical SciencesGeneral CirculationReserve

Room useOvernight

Total

UndergraduateGeneral CirculationReserveRoom useOvernight

Total

Total other two campuses

Students

7,607

24,793

Faculty Others(Faculty &)

28,837(0thers )

5,209

Total all campuses

143,69215,29132,668

71.057

180,057442,765

Total

51,642113,039

288,338

212,580

665,599

1,108,364

Total

36,444

30,30810,02276,774

30,002

12,0847,921

50,007

126,781

1,235,145

Urbana

EXTRAMURAL EXTENSION

INTERLIBRARY LOANS

194 5-46 1946-47

1,710 1,927

Volumes loaned to institutionsoutside Champaign-Urbana

Volumes leaned to individuals,generally in Illinoiscommunities having no library

Pages photographed for out-oftown libraries, and sold tothem instead of loaningthe volumes

Volumes borrowed from otherinstitutions for use of ourfaculty and graduate students

Pages photographed for our-faculty and students andourchased from other librariesinstead of our borrowing thevolume

Pages filmed from this Libraryinstead of our borrowingthe volume

1,853

.141,867

2,406 3,415 3,282 3,528

6

2,200 1,897 2,997 2,868 1,962

554

0

152

819 990 1,046 1,093

59 56 61

578 .433 625

19

1.726

ChicagoMedical Sciences

INTERLIBRARY LOANS

Volumes borrowed from otherinstitutions

Volumes loaned to institutionsand individuals

Pages filmedinstead ofborrowing the volume

Pages photographed insteadof borrowing the volume

Navy Pier (borrowed)

232

1,237

187 203 358

893 1,144 1,322

31 0 11 3

3 14

Tone 27 13 26

GalesburgVolumes borrowed from other

institutions (Galesburg camousdiscontinued 1949) 37 169

*Loans to Hines Hospital (Veterans Administration) not included as in previous years.

19 47- 4 8

2,007

1948-49

5,038 2.575

373

329*

0

8

346

5422 8 .5320 8,105

TABLE VDISTRIBUTION

THE VOLUMES AND SEATING CAPACITY IN THEVARIOUS PUBLIC SERVICE DEPARTMENTS AS OF JUKE 30, 1990

UrbanaGeneral Library Building

Bibliography RoomBrowsing RoomClassicsCommerce and SociologyEducation, Philosophy and PsychologyEnglishGeneral Reading and Reference RoomGermanic and Romance languagesHistory and Political ScienceLibrary School and S Collection*Map Room.Newspaper RoomPhysical EducationRare Book RoomUndergraduate

Other Libraries on CampusAgricultureArchitectureCeramicsChemistryEngineeringFloricultureIllini Union Browsing RoomIllinois Historical SurveyJournalism

**Labor and Industrial RelationsLandscape ArchitectureLawMathematics

/MusicNatural HistoryNatural History SurveyObservatoryPhysicsUniversity High SchoolGeological Survey

ChicagoMedical SciencesNavy Pier Undergraduate Division

*Exclusive of 120,000 maps in the collection/Including Music Scores**In addition there are several thousand pamphlets

Volimes

4,6502,070

33,6008,674

13,96511,00015,00011,00013,6501214602, 126

32,810.4, 550

35,89827,310

32,63424, 7432,700

21,43061,4202,056.10522. 4505,990

5389,209

92,08715,44630,0063,64416,075

2,0004,g508,664.9,100

92,23838,729

SeatingCapacity

15192821

2510051651g0929

1752.1084

1548620

102210143312811031

169362691

305210

240800

APPENDIXGIFTS

Following is a list of individuals and organizations from whom theUniversity received gifts of books, uamphlets, periodicals, or other materialsin 1949-50:

From alumni and students: Esther A. Albrecht, Robert W. Alrutz,James C. Andrews, Robert P. Baldwin, Charles R. Beall, RalBh Bower, LeslieBraverman, Preston Bullard, Eleanor Casebier, Seymour Chalfin, Paul Chen,Norma Condee, Edward C. Davis, James Dyke, Sahir Euspaha, Gail R. Fisher, PaulH. Ginther, Richard Golze, Jostane Greisch, Mrs. Henry R. Helmle, Fern Hodge,H. H. Howe, Earl Jacob3s, Guthrie E. Janssen, Erle M. Korshak, Allen Little,Mrs. Ernest B. Lytle, Ruh H. Ma, John B. McCann, L. F. C. Metzger, EdwinPilchard, Deette .and Mary Rolfe, Franklin J. Ruedel, James P. Sampson, W. F.Shattuck, Jean Spero, Mrs. Marjorie Tackett, William C. Trefz, James R. Young,

From faculty and staff: Roger Adams, Erich A. Ahrens, Joseph K.Albertson, Arthur G. Anderson, B. C. Ashby, H. E. Babbitt, A. D. Bailey, WalterBalduf, James H. Bartlett, P. T. Bateman, J. Howard Beard, Thomas E. Benner,C. A. Berdahl, Arthur Eugene Bester, Jr., Ethel Bond, Howard R. Bowen, PhillipsBradley, George B. Brown, John T. Buckholz, Paul J. Burnette, Alfredo Canton,D. H. Carnahan, Carl H. Casberg, C. C. Colby, Ira Cole, Paul D. Converse, JohnS. Crandell, Ralph Crossman, Ellis Danner, John T. DeBoer, G. C. Decker, C. C.DeLong, Lanson F. Demming, Frank G. Dickinson, Cecil V. Donovan, Warren FordDoolittle, Robert B. Downs, M. E. Dunlao, M. L. Enger, E. N. Ensign, Edgar L.Erickson, William N. Espy, John A. Fairlie estate, C. H. Faye, Harris Fletcher,George T. Flom, Fred W. Foster, Ray W. Frantz, Jr., Louise Freer, Charles J.Gaa, Feil Garvey, Anne Gher, George W. Goble, Herbert Goldhor, Mrs. MarcusGoldman, Paul L. Gorham, H. M. Gray, Coleman* R. Griffith, Frederick Green,D. M. Hall, Harold C, Hand, Albert J. Harno, William P. Hayes, Ernest 0.Herreid, Hans Heymann, James R. Hibbs, William G. Hill, Harold H. Hillebrand,Wilbur Hoel, William R. Horsfall, H. S. Hoyman, Darrell J. Inabnit, AliceJohnson, Donald Johnson, Mrs. Neil Johnston, P. E. Johnston, R. W. Karpinski,Donald Kemmerer, David Kinley estate, William D. Kinne, V. L. Kretschmer, RuthKrouse, Alan K. Laing, A. H. Lancour, W. M. Lansford, Henning Larsen, R. F.Larson, Doris Layson, Frederic E. Lee, E. W. Lehmann, Frank M. Lescher,Clarissa Lewis, E. G. Lewis, D. Philip Locklin, Karl B. Lohmann, C. M, Louttit,Albert H. Lybyer estate, P. V. Marchetti, Edith Marshall, Carl S. Marvel, BruceMeserve, Richard D. Meyer, H. F. Moore, Lloyd Morey, Gerald M. Mosher, RobertH. Mau, W. B. Nevens, Dean Rexford Newcomb, Maria G. V. Oribe, Cyrus Palmer,Marguerite Pease, Edwin I. Pilchard, C. H. Pratt, Arne Rao, J. G. Randall,J. W. Rauzenberger, W. H. Rayner, Mrs. Haynes Reese, Helen Reynolds, FlorenceRobinson, William C. Rose, H. H. Ross, J. J. Rutledge, Charles H. Sandage,Allen V. Sapora, T. E. Savage, Sherman Schoonmaker, Wilbur Schramm, FranklinScott estate, Rolland Scott, Richard. Sealock, Meta Sexton, R. F. Seybolt,Kenneth Shopen, F. S. Siebert, Marguerite Simmons, Willard B. Spalding, S. C.Staley, H. Stegemeier, F. R. Steggerda, Mrs. Neil Stevens, Charles L. Stewart,Mrs. Hilda Stice, R. N. Sullivan, Max Suter, Charles R. Sutton, J. W. Swain,Fred W. Tanner, Charles M. Thompson, H. L. Tillotson, 0. Tiprs, Edmund F. Toth,Kenneth James Trigger, A. J. Trotier, Fred H. Turner, Alexander Turyn, Verna

Valtz, John VanHorne, Ray M. Wainwright, H. L. Walker, Letitia Walsh, HenryB. Ward., Jane Watt, R. B. Wentworth, Janet Weston, Edith Whitehouse, A. C.Willard, V. K. Wilson, P. L. Windsor, J. W. Wood, Ludwig E. Zirner, FlorianW. Znaniecki.

From other individuals and organizations: AB Sandbergs Bokhandel,Waldo Abbot, Abraham Lincoln Association, Air Navigation Aids Company, RobertAllerton, Allied Military Government, American Academy of Arts and Sciences,American Association of Social Workers, American Automobile Association,American Book Company, American-Book Stratford Press, Inc., American Dry MilkInstitute Inc., American Epilepsy League, Inc., American Factors, Ltd., AmericanSmelting and Refining Company, American Zoinist Emergency Council, ChristAnastasoff, Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., Ardlee Associates, Arizona DailyStar, Association of National Advertisers, Inc., Association of College Unions,Mrs. Charles A. Atwood, Herbert Marion Bacon, Barber-Colman Company, A. S.Barnes and Company, Barron's Publishing Company, Inc., Mrs. J. Howard Beard,Kenneth Beaudoin, Hermon F. Bell, A. W. Benko, Edward L. Bernays, BethlehemSteel Company, J. E. Bier, B. H. Blackwell, Ltd., Benjamin J. Blied, BostonCity Planning Board, Willis A. Boughton, McKinley Boyce, Brazilian Embassy,Wilmon Brewer, Mrs. Josephine :(. Prine, Dante E. Brivio, Direccion deInformaciones Biblioteca y Estadistica. Instituto Cervantino. Buenos Aires,Universidad Buenos Aires, Board of Safety-Buffalo, Building OfficialsConference of America, Inc., Burgers Publishing Company, Burlington Lines,Burnham City Hospital, Karl Burz, Business News Publishing Company, Hazen S,Capron estate, Federico E. Capurro, Catholic Lawyers Guild of Chicago,Central Hanover Bank and Trust Company, Chamber of Commerce of the UnitedStates, F. W. Cheshire Publisher, Chicago Association of Commerce andIndustry, Chicago Motor Club, Chilean Nitrate Educational Bureau, Inc.,Chinese Delegation to the United Nations, Chrysler Corporation, CincinnatiMilling Machine, E. Alberta Clark, Coal Trade Association of Indiana, F.Herbert Colwell, Comision Nacional de Cooperacion Intelectual, ComiteInternational de la Croix-Rouge, Committee for Economic Development,Institute of Public Service Connecticut University, Consultative Council ofJewish Organizations, John Contos, Coward-McCann Inc., Romolo Crosina,Ministerio de Educacion Cuba, Elmer A. Culler, Czechoslovakia Ministry ofLabour and Social Welfare, Winthrop S. Dakin, Dallas Planning Council,Daughters of the American Revolution, Dearborn City Plan Commission, SocialScience Foundation of Denver University, Irving Dilliard, Directory ofInventor Aids, Dominican Republic Socretaria de Estado de Sanidad y AsistenciaP-blica, James F. Doster, Doubleday and Company, Inc., Mrs. R. B.-Downs, Dun& Bradstreet, Inc., E. P. Dutton and Company, inc., K. L. DuVall, EasternRailroad President t s Conference, Earl Joseph Eckel, Effa Ellis PerfieldMusic Publisher, Walter Eggenberger, Survey Directorate of Egypt, FacultyPlayers Club, Finnish National Travel Bureau, First Catholic Slovak Union,Fisher Research Laboratory, Inc., Florida State Road Department,Folkebibliotherkerness Bibliografiske Kontor, KXbenhavn, Mrs. A. E. Fraser,W. F. Freeman & Co., Friends of the Land, Funk and Wagnall Comoany, VallejoGantner, Germanistic Society of America, Inc., Ginn & Company, Glens FallsInsurance Company, Armand Godey, C. M. Goethe, Oskar Goldberg, Solomon

Goldman, Ira A. Gould, Thomas P. deGraffenried, Gray Iron Founders' Society,

Inc., Ministry of Education of Great Britain, Martha E. Green, Natalie Hays

Hammond, Harcourt Brace & Co., Haroer & Brothers, R. Baker Harris, Health

and Welfare Council of the Community Chest, D. C. Heath & Company, William E.

Heath, Algo D. Henderson, Henry Holt and Comoany, Hill & Knowlton, Inc.,Hispanic Society of America, E. D. Holcomb, W1illard Houghland, HoughtonMifflin Company, Housing Authority of the County of Cook Illinois, H. H. Hove,State Prosecutor's Office of Hungary, Mrs. Walker Hutchinson, Illinois BellTelephone Company, Illini Forensic Association, Illinois Historical Society,Government of India Information Services, Indiana State Penal and CorrectionalSurvey Commission, Institute ef Religious Science and Philosophy at Los Angeles,International Chamber of Commerce, International Civil Aviation Organization,International Ladies1 Garment Workers Union, International Refugee Organization,International Textbook Company, International Union of Local Authorities,Iroquois Publishing Company, Inc., Mme. Jean Izoulet, Albert P. Jacobs, T. A.Jaggar, James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, Japan Institute for Scienceof Labour, Japanese Diet Library Project, Jewish Agency for Palestine, John C. WinstoWinston Company, John Day Company, John Ramming Machine Company, John Wiley& Sons, C. E. Johansson, Ralph S. Johns, Johnson & Johnson, Joirt Committeeof the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and British Red Cross Society, KankakeeChamber of Commerce, C. C. Keith, Kellogg Company, Kerryn King, DorothyKoemlein, Paul Gates Kreider, Kroger Grocery & Baking Company, Lake SuperiorIron Ore Association , The Lakeside Press, Don Marshall Larrabee, League ofWomen Voters of Champaign County, Prieste Lega Nazionale, Legation of theHungarian People's Republic, The Library Association of London, Addison Lewis,Libreria Antiquaria Hoepli - Milano, Liberia del Plata y Libreria Cervantes -Buenos Aires, The Linde Air Products Company, Line Material Company, J. B.LiiDincott Company, C. C. Liu, Liveright Publishing Corporation, Los AngelesCounty Sanitation District, Luggage and Leather Goods Manufacturers of America,Inc., Lutheran Student Association, McGraw-Hill Comoany, Inc., David S.McIntosh, McKnight and Mcgnight, McMillan Company, Manitoba Committee onFreight Rates, Manual Arts Press, Jack Marco, Marinshin Corporation, PhilipM. Marsh, Pauline Marshall, G. W. Martin, Merrill Lynch - Pierce - Fenner &Beane, Middle South Utilities, Inc., Jaume Miravittles, Missouri HistoricalSociety, Walter Morris, National and University Library, National Chemicaland Manufacturing Company, National Coal Association, National Foreign TradeCouncil, Inc., National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, Inc., NationalPress, National Savings Committee, National Society for Crippled Childrenand Adults, National Society of Mural Painters, Netherlands InformationBureau, New Orleans Planning and Zoning Commission, New York ClothingManufacturers Exchange, Inc., New York Labor News Company, New York CentralSystem, Nijhoff - Martinus - Firm - booksellers, The Hague, Ohio StateArchaeological and Historical Society, Oklahoma University Press, Mrs. T. E.Oliver, Oneida Ltd., Ontario Research Foundation, Osdar S. Straus MemorialAssociation, Inc., Ottawa Silica Co., Mrs. Marguerite Overman, OverseasConsultants, Inc., Albert E. Page, Pakistan Embassy, Board for Scientificand Industrial Research of Palestine, Albert Anderson Pease, PennsylvaniaCompany for Banking and Trusts, Pensi-Cola Scholarshio Board, D. C. Pfendler,Philip-ine Consulate, Philinoine Embassy, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Comoany,Pierpont Morgan Library, Polish Embassy, Polish Research and InformationService, Porrua Hnos. y C0a, Port of New York Authority, Prentice Hall,Richard J. Purcell, G. P. Putnam's and Sons, Radio Corporation of America,Rafu Book Store, Charles Mason Ramey, The Rand Corporation, Mrs. J. G.Randall, Reisner & Urbahn, Republic Steel Corporation, Edgar Rickard, Fremont

Rider, The Rockefeller Foundation, Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory,Rosenback Company, Earle U. Rugg, Rumanian National Committee, Frederic A.

Russell, St. Lawrence University, St. Louis Board of Freeholders, St. Louis

Post-Dispatch, Saginaw Public Libraries, Ralph Scarlett, City PlanningCommission of Schenectady, Franz Schneider, Ernesto Schulte, Scientifiques etTechniques pour 1 'Industrie des Produits Explosifs, Scott Foresman and Company,Agnes A. Sharp, Shell Chemical Corporation, George O. Smith, The Society forthe Construction of the Bell Tower of Peace, Society for the Prevention ofWorld War III, South African Institute of International Affairs, .SecialLibraries Association - Pittsburgh Chapter, T. Guy Steffan, Mrs. DouglasStevens, Structural Clay Products Company, Survey of the Legal Profession,Charles R. Sutton, Svenska Kyrkans Diakonistyrelses, Swiss Federal Instituteof Technology, Noboru Takatuki, James J. Talman, Tasmania State EconomicPlanning Authority, Lawrence S. Thompson, Tide, Tokyo Metropolitan Office,The Torrington Company, Frances H. Trost, Suimatsu Tsubata, Tuesday MorningMusic Club, Turkish Information Office, The Twentieth Century Fund, Mrs.Estella Tylor, United Hatters Cap & Military Worker's International Union,United Mine Workers of America, United Palestine Appeal, Inc., U.S. Officeof Education, United States Brewers Foundation, Inc., Urbana Association ofCommerce, Urbana Free Public Library, Uruguay - Ministerio de Ganaderia yAgriculture, Vanguard Press, The Viking Fund, Inc., Edwin Volk, Von HoffmannPress, Inc., Wallace's Farmer and Iowa Homestead, William Ward, WarsawAcademy of Commerce Library, Washington University -. Department of Geography,Benjamin Weintraub, W. Reginalds Wheeler, Wilson Bottling Co., WisconsinUniversity - School for Workers, George T. Woods, Yale Institute ofInternational Studies, Yale-in-China Association.