AntibioticsI INTRODUCTION

Antibiotics (Greek anti, against; bios, life) are chemical compounds used to kill or inhibit the growth of infectious organisms.

Originally the term antibiotic referred only to organic compounds, produced by bacteria or molds, that are toxic to other microorganisms.

Antibiotics producing organisms

The most important group of antibiotics producing organism are : bacteria ,lower fungi and actinomycets

1Penicillin was the first antibiotics which were discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming.2It was first which was successfully used in the treatment of acute bacterial infection.3The penicillin are produced by fungi

Classification

According to activity The most common classification is based on mechanism of action of the antibiotics There are two main kinds of antibiotics according to activity

1Bacteriostatic antibiotics 2Bactericidal

Bacteriostatic antibiotics 1These are the chemicals which inhibit or retard the growth of micro organism2Example tetracycline, lincomycin\

Bactericidal

1These are chemical which have capacity to kill microorganism 2Example pencillin , colliston According to spectrum

1Narrow spectrum 2Extended spectrum3Broad spectrum

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