28
50 Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017 “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” By M. Doyle Sanders, DBL D BAR Ranch Beefmasters-Industry/New Ulm, TX When the Beefmaster foundation herd was originally designed by Tom Lasater in the early 20th Century, the Six Essential Traits that he defined for economy of production and quality included “Docile Disposition” as a required trait. He recognized that culling cows with poor dispositions not only makes for safer herd handling, but also increases calf performance. Improving Beef Quality and Efficiency the Easy Going Way Because temperament is heritable, genetic selection can produce calmer cattle, and calm cattle have better feeding performance and produce higher- quality carcasses than anxious cattle. Higher profits result. There are also other benefits derived to the producer, the feedlots, and the consumer. These include improved fertility, higher weight gain, better feed efficiency, less robust facilities and resources, Continue...

“Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    7

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

50Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

“Beefmasters = Docile Disposition”

By M. Doyle Sanders, DBL D BAR Ranch Beefmasters-Industry/New Ulm, TX

When the Beefmaster foundation herd was originally designed by Tom Lasater in the early 20th Century, the Six Essential Traits that he defined for economy of production and quality included “Docile Disposition” as a required trait. He recognized that culling cows with poor dispositions not only makes for safer herd handling, but also increases calf performance.

Improving Beef Quality and Efficiency the Easy Going Way

Because temperament is herit able, genetic selection can produce calmer cattle, and calm cattle have better feeding performance and produce higher-quality carcasses than anxious cattle. Higher profits result. There are also other benefits derived to the producer, the feedlots, and the consumer. These include improved fertility, higher weight gain, better feed efficiency, less robust facilities and resources,

Continue...

Page 2: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

51 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 3: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

52Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

rating developed by the Beef Improvement Federation as part of its Quality Assurance Program. A score of 1 designates docile, and 6 indicates very aggressiveness. To simplify data analysis, the six-point system was condensed into three classifications: 1 and 2 were classified docile; 3 and 4 were classified restless; 5 and 6 were classified aggressive.

Beefmaster Breeders United uses this scoring system to grade calves and older cows for culling and genetic classifications to assure this trait in seed stock herds. Any “crazy” cattle are not tolerated and are eliminated from the purebred breed registry. This has been a practice of the producers over the years to maintain very easy going cattle within the breed for purebreds or crossed commercial cattle with Beefmaster genetics. It has worked. The cattle are docile.

Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef breed, the docile disposition contributes to this economic essential trait as well. Studies based upon various beef breed types including Bos Indicus, Bos Taurus, and crosses of these different breeds has confirmed that the Beefmaster breed excels in inherited docility compared with other similar breed combinations.

Scientific experiments were conducted from 2006 to 2008 at University of Florida- Range Cattle

Research and Education Center in Ona, Florida. Additional research was conducted at the Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center to determine disposition of the research cowherd using the disposition scoring system developed by Beef Improvement Federation to address management practices for acclimation and to assess growth rates, puberty attainment, and pregnancy rates. No differences were detected between

and a more tender tasty cut of beef on the dinner plate at a reduced cost.

Beef masters are already known to large commercial breeders in the United States and other countries to be at or among the most docile beef breed available. Many smaller operators with limited work resources and staff select Beefmasters for that specific trait. Besides safety when handling cattle, docile steers and heifers produce significantly heavier carcasses with more fat cover and larger rib eyes than aggressive steers and heifers. More docile cattle produce higher quality carcasses with fewer lower Yield Grades.

One scientific study at Iowa State University focused on the bottom line benefit for greater profits. The data came from 47,410 calves fed over an eight-year period at 18 Iowa feed-yards. Producers came from 22 US States and a Canadian province. The data showed that docile cattle had an average feedlot profit of $46.63 per head, restless cattle averaged a profit of $26.16 per head, and aggressive cattle earned a profit of just $7.62 per head. The study confirmed that producers benefited from feedlot performance, carcass quality, and disposition scores to improve their quality and efficiency.

Carcasses from more excitable animals have a greater tendency to produce less tender, borderline darker-cutting carcasses. With this in mind, producers can make culling decisions within a breeding program and select for temperament as a possible option to decrease the number of carcasses that harvest lower-quality meat at slaughter time.

Since disposition is 40% heritable, cattle inherit much of their temperament from their sire and dam. The other influences on disposition are management and the environment in which the animal is developed.

The visual scoring system followed the six-point

Improving Beef

Quality and

Efficiency the Easy

Going Way

Continue...

Page 4: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

53 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 5: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

54Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 6: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

55 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

environmental treatments for disposition scores, cortisol concentrations, and pregnancy rates. They did find, however, that disposition score and blood cortisol concentrations affected pregnancy rates. Excitable disposition and consequent elevated cortisol concentrations were confirmed to be detrimental to reproduction. The studies concluded that acclimation of beef cows to human interaction did not influence disposition,

concentrations of blood cortisol, and pregnancy rates. The easy going disposition is in the genetic basis rather than management of the cattle.

Beefmasters are proven to be docile by design. Crossing them with a more anxious type cattle breed will improve the disposition of the overall herd. Once that is done, the producer will improve beef quality and efficiency in a very easy going way forward. B

Page 7: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

56Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 8: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

57 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 9: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

58Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Algemene Jaarvergadering

Dinee & Nasionale veiling - 6 Julie 2016Dinee & Nasssssssssionnnnnnnnnaaaaaaaaaale veiling 6 Ju

Page 10: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

59 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Gedurende Julie word die Beefmasters se jaarlikse Algemene Jaarvergadering gehou. Gelyktydig hiermee saam vind die jaarlikse Beefmasterveiling plaas.

Soos ons nou al oor die jare daaraan gewoond geraak het, was die verskillende funksies wat plaasgevind het, ‘n reuse sukses. Lede het van oor die hele land gekom om saam te verkeer, sake te bespreek en die pragtige diere te besigtig en aan te koop.

Die verrigtinge het op die oggend van 5 Julie afgeskop met die Beefmaster raadsvergadering. Dit vorm ‘n integrale deel van die Beefmaster werksaamhede aangesien ‘n terugblik gedoen word

op waar ons tans staan en ook om te besin waarheen ons oppad is. Wat uit die vergadering baie duidelik na vore gekom het, is dat die Beefmasterras, op die regte pad is en dat dit toeneem in gewildheid by telers en voerkrale. Al meer van ons telers bereik die punt waar hulle gereed is, om produksieveilings aan te bied – ‘n duidelike bewys dat daar ‘n groot aanvraag vir Beefmasterdiere in Suid Afrika bestaan asook in die buurlande.

Die middag het die Algemene Jaarvergadering plaasgevind. ‘n Aantal sprekers het deelgeneem aan die program - onder andere SA Stamboek, wat die vergadering oor die vordering van die Genomiese Projek ingelig het.

vervolg...

Page 11: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

60Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 12: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

61 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 13: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

62Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

vervolg...

Page 14: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

63 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 15: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

64Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 16: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

65 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Die verskillende komitees het verslag aan die vergadering gedoen en sake van algemene belang is voorgelê en bespreek. Lede het geleentheid gekry om kommentaar te lewer en deel te neem aan hoe die pad vorentoe moet lyk. Die verkiesing van die nuwe raad het ook plaasgevind. Mnr. Connie van Vuuren is herkies

as president. Groot waardering is deur die hele vergadering uitgespreek teenoor Connie van Vuuren vir sy eerste termyn as president en die bydrae wat hy gelewer het. Hy is een van die jonger garde in wie ons vertroue het en glo dat hy die Beefmaster Genootskap tot nog groter hoogtes sal neem.

vervolg...

Page 17: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

66Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 18: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

67 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Daar is ook die middag ‘n besoek aan die In Vitro Africa (Pty) Ltd Embrio Sentrum gebring – waar hulle vir die telers die prosedures wat hul volg gedemonstreer het.

Die aand was dit tyd vir groot feestelikheid. ‘n Verruklike aansitete is voorberei en ongeveer 160 gaste het dit bygewoon. Die dames het hulself oortref want die lokaal was uit die boeke!

Ian Grobbelaar van Vleissentraal het opgetree as die seremoniemeester en die afslaer – tydens die gebruiklike opveil van die verskillende bladsye van die joernaal en die kalender. Toekennings is uitgedeel en die Beefmaster persoonlikheid van die jaar het gegaan aan Jan du Toit van Lichtenburg.

As vermaak het Ray Dylan as gaskunstenaar opgetree, - hy het groot byval by die gaste gevind.

Die Nasionale veiling die volgende dag is gewoonlik die hoogtepunt van die verrigtinge. Ons strewe met hierdie veiling is om telers die geleentheid te gee om hul diere uit te stal sodat voornemende kopers van-oor die hele land geleentheid kry om TOP –genetika te bekom!

Ons mikpunt is om van die Nasionale Veiling ‘n prestige geleentheid te maak tot uitbouing van die ras.

Ian Grobbelaar van Vleissentraal het die veiling behartig en groot moeite is gedoen om die lokaal

en die terrein ʼn feestelike voorkoms te gee. Ian, Marinda en hul span het voorwaar die ekstra myl gestap!

Die veiling het goed verloop en kopers was bereid om ‘n premie te betaal vir uitstaande diere.

• Dragtige verse - gemiddelde prys R16700• hoogste prys R37000• Koeie en kalwers- gemiddelde prys R 41750• hoogste prys R 52500• Dragtige koeie - gemiddelde prys R17000• hoogste prys R33000• Bulle - gemiddelde prys R 47800• hoogste prys R 105000• Semen - hoogste prys R 800 per strooitjie

‘n Terugblik op die twee dae se gebeure laat ‘n mens besef hoe belangrik onderlinge samewerking en ondersteuning is in so ’n Telersgenootskap. Sonder die bekwame dames in ons kantoor, Helga en Elaine, die telers wat bereid was om diere oor vêr afstande te bring, Vleissentraal en hulle insette asook telers en kommersiële kopers wat diere aangekoop het, sou geen sukses moontlik kon wees nie. Elke jaar leer ons nog nuwe lesse en glo ons dat dit sal bydra tot groter sukses vir die komende jare. Ons glo in die ras en in ons mense! Die Beefmastergenootskap sê hiermee baie dankie aan al sy lede en ondersteuners - mag elkeen God se liefde en Sy genade daagliks ervaar! B

Page 19: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

68Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 20: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

69 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 21: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

70Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 22: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

71 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 23: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

72Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Oesreste is ’n uitstekende

hulpmiddel as winterweiding

vir vee.

Die knellende droogte in die somer het baie Suid-Afrikaanse boere geknou en die wintermaande wat voorlê, lyk ook glad nie

rooskleurig nie. Diegene met oesreste wat hulle in die winter kan benut, het darem ’n voorsprong omdat dit ’n goeie plaasvervanger is vir winterweiding.

Jaco Smit, verkoopsbestuurder van Opti Feeds, sê oesreste is ’n uitstekende hulpmiddel ten opsigte van wintervoere vir boere, aangesien die voedingswaarde van natuurlike weiding geweldig afneem na saadvorming en dit na die eerste ryp nog verder val.

“Dit is nie net in tye van droogte nie, want in die somerreënvalstreke word mielie-oesreste oor die algemeen gebruik om diere te oorwinter,” sê hy.

Samestelling van oesresteJaco sê die meeste mielie-oesreste bestaan uit ’n graan- sowel as ’n ruvoerkomponent. Hoewel die graankomponent baie klein is, is die energiewaarde meer as dié van natuurlike winterweiding. Aan die ander kant is die proteïenwaarde van die oesreste redelik laag. Volgens Jaco is dit nie veel hoër as natuurlike winterweiding nie.

Die regte byvoeding moet ook deel van die diere se dieet vorm om die regte minerale en spoorelemente aan te vul. Hy waarsku dat moontlike probleme by diere kan ontstaan as hulle skielik van natuurlike weiding na oesreste geskuif word.

Deur Koos du Pisanie: Veeplaas Julie 2016 | Plaasbestuur

Voer en weidings – Oesreste – 1.5 bl.

Oesreste ’n wenner in die winter

Page 24: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

73 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

“Diere sal kondisie verloor indien hulle nie voldoende proteïenaanvulling kry nie. Gesonde rumen-mikroflora moet te alle tye gehandhaaf word, aangesien hierdie rumen-mikrobes ruvoerinnames stimuleer deur indirek vesel te verteer en sodoende energie en proteïen aan die dier beskikbaar te stel,” verduidelik hy.

Onskatbare waardeEen van die uitstaande Bonsmaraboere in die Bo-Karoo, Hennie Coetzee, wat al aangewys is as Voermol se Nasionale Beesboer van die Jaar, sê oesreste is van onskatbare waarde in die voervloeiprogram op die plaas.

Hy gebruik nie net sy oesreste vir die diere om op te wei nie, maar baal dit ook om later in voermengsels te gebruik. Hennie boer op groot skaal met beeste in die Prieska-omgewing, ’n gebied wat eintlik geskik is vir skaapboerdery. Met sy goeie veldbestuur en oesreste wat hy uit sy besproeiingsboerdery beskikbaar het, hoef hy die minimum byvoeding vir sy diere te gee. ’n Bietjie melassestroop en ekstra lek wat spesiaal ontwerp is vir winterweiding, saam met die oesreste, is basies voldoende vir die diere.

Dit is vir hom belangrik dat sy beeste op verskillende soorte weiding aanpas. “Kopers uit verskillende dele van die land koop diere by my, en dit is belangrik dat die koei en kalf aangepas moet wees om enige soort weiding, hetsy natuurlike weiding, aangeplante weiding of oesreste, te hanteer. Behalwe die koste-effek van oesreste, leer dit ook die diere om maklik op ander weiveld aan te pas. Dit is een van die belangrike eienskappe wat jou diere moet hê,” sê hy.

Moontlike dieresiektesOm diere sommer direk van natuurlike weiding op oesreste te jaag, is ook nie altyd wenslik nie. ’n Kans bestaan altyd dat probleme kan ontstaan as die diere van natuurlike weiding na oesreste oorgeskuif word. Van die probleme of steurnisse wat die algemeenste voorkom, is suurpens (asidose) en nierstene in die geval van skape. Dit kom gewoonlik voor wanneer diere hulle oorvreet aan die reste, veral die graangedeelte, sonder dat hulle aangepas is met behulp van die regte lekke.

Jaco sê hulle het al uit ondervinding geleer dat die diere aanvanklik net vir ’n beperkte tyd op die oesreste gejaag kan word, maar dit is belangrik dat ’n spesiaal ontwikkelde lek vir die oesreste-situasie gebruik word. “Dit is ’n lek wat ’n buffer is vir suurpens, sowel as ammoniumchloried vir nierstene, wat in die geval van skape gebruik moet word.”

Skape moet ten minste 14 dae voordat hulle op die oesreste gaan, vrye toegang tot die lek hê. Dit is ook wenslik om die skape daagliks met mielies of mieliekoppe op die veld te voer, en die hoeveelheid geleidelik oor ’n tydperk van 14 dae te vermeerder sodat die diere gewoond raak daaraan.

Kuilvoer of bale?Vir Jaco is die gebruik van oesreste om kuilvoer te maak nie eens ’n opsie nie. Om dit te baal en te verkoop, is wel ’n opsie as die lande vinnig weer bewerk moet word.

Hennie sê die oesreste wat hy gebruik, is genoeg

vervolg...

Page 25: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

74Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Vir meer inligting en raad oor die benutting van oesreste in die wintermaande, skakel Jaco by 082 714 1348 of Hennie by 083 701 1512.

om vyf grootvee-eenhede per hektaar vir twee maande te voer. Dit gee hom genoeg reserwes omdat hy besproeiingslande het wat binne twee maande weer gebruik word.

Volgens Jaco is nog ’n opsie om geoeste lande aan ander beesboere te verhuur, maar die beweiding van oesreste is op die oog af die mees ekonomiese, regverdigbare praktyk.

Dit sal wys wees om die oesreste net na die oestyd te benut, aangesien baie materiaal kan wegwaai namate dit later raak in die seisoen en die lande weer bewerk moet word.

Weidingsprogram vir die winter’n Dokument wat dr Wayne Truter, ’n weiding-kundige van die Departement Plantproduksie en Grondkunde aan die Universiteit van Pretoria, opgestel het, wys sekere aspekte uit waarna ’n weidingsboer moet oplet as hy sy weidingsprogram op natuurlike en aangeplante weiding vir die winter saamstel.

Volgens hom is dit belangrik om die veelading so op te stel dat hulle lae druk uitoefen op natuurlike weiding totdat die weidings dormant raak. Hoëdrukbeweiding kan dan toegepas word

om die optimale benutting van wei-ding te verseker.

“Sekere aanplantings kan nou in stroke bewei of as groen-voer geoes word, ge volg deur opvolg-be mesting en be-sproei ing. Indien ge ma tigde weidings bewei word, maak voor siening vir gras in die voerbank om vesel te verskaf aan die herkouer se dieet tydens daar-die weiperiode, om goeie vertering te bevorder,” ver dui de-lik hy. B

Page 26: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

75 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017

Page 27: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

76Beefmaster SA | Journal 2017

Page 28: “Beefmasters = Docile Disposition” · docile. Docile disposition will also improve reproduction in beef cattle. While Beefmasters are also known for strong fertility as a beef

77 Beefmaster SA | Joernaal 2017