AP World History (2/6) Do Now: What does

the cartoon suggest about the Ottoman Empire (Turkey in this cartoon) at this time (1750-1900)?

What issues or problems is the empire facing?

Decline of the Ottoman Empire Why might each of these

lead to decline? Family squabbles

amongst the sultans Unable to make shari’a

law work in changing world

Stayed conservative and attached to tradition

Central government loses power to provincial governors

Decline of the Ottoman Empire (pt. 2) Slow to adopt new

military technology from Europe France and G.B protect

them from Russia in Crimean War

The forces of nationalism (Greece and Serbia)

European involvement in education and legal codes

Attempts at reform Sultan Selim III

Reform the military (European model) Arrested by the janissaries (threatened)

Janissaries killed by next sultan (Mahmud II) and reforms took place Also included educational reforms Brought a European curricula to the empire Positives/negatives?

Tanzimat Reorganization Substituted French law codes for shari’a law

Young Turks Response to all the unrest Inspired by Turkish nationalism Focused on a new Turkish unity

Crimean War: What’s different here?

The Charge of the Light Brigade How does the poem

reveal a changing world during this time period (1750-1900)?

How does it connect Europe and the land based empires of Asia?

How can cheating on a test destroy your country?

Which of the following facts help explain this mystery?

1. The civil service exam in ancient China (started by the Han, continued by other dynasties) rewarded those with ability a place in the government.

2. All of the answers to the test were readily available.

3. During the Qing Dynasty, substitutes often took the exam for others.

4. Corruption prevented funds from finding their way into public works projects like flood control.

Why was this dynastic change so different than others that came before it?

The decline of the Qing Dynasty Corruption

government bureaucrats stealing money funds diverted from key flood control projects displacement of people and other social problems loss of mandate of heaven

Macartney’s mission 1792-sent by British gov. to

address a trade deficit G.B.-importing a ton of

Chinese goods, but British goods mostly kept out of China (only could enter the port of Canton)

Both sides display ethnocentrism (see Wood)

How might this encounter affect both countries moving forward?

How might Macartney respond? The British government?

It all comes down to… Tea? Really?

British became a nation of tea drinkers

Demand for Chinese tea rises Even greater trade imbalance

What would China want from Britain? How about Indian opium? For obvious reasons, the

Chinese government attempts to wipe out this trade by banning opium

Illegal trade continues Chinese send Lin Zexu to

Canton to block and destroy opium

British-”free trade” has been violated and they declare war

Results of the Opium Wars What did the treaty of Nanking establish?

Answer the four questions at the end of the treaty excerpts.

Imagine you are diplomats charged with concluding these treaties for the Qing state on the one hand and for foreign powers on the other. Write a report detailing your negotiations. What are your main concerns? What are different ways you could look out for your interests? Should the treaty be accepted? Why or why not? One to two paragraphs

What if the U.S. were expected to react to this in the same way? How might our

lives change? Why would this

intrusion be rebuffed?

Why was China unable to respond in a similar fashion?