APSDEU-7, 20-22 September 2006, Honolulu, Hawaii 1 Overview of Australian Bureau of Meteorology Satellite Activities Country Report for Australia

APSDEU-7, 20-22 September 2006, Honolulu, Hawaii

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Overview of Australian Bureau of Meteorology

Satellite Activities

Country Report for Australia


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Services provided by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology

weather forecasts and warnings (and tsunamis) climate and hydrological information in support of aviation, shipping, defence,

industry and the general public, to enhance economic and social well-being


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Main Activities ABoM Local reception of satellite data

e.g.NOAA, GOES-9, FY-1D, FY-2C, MODIS.

Indirect reception of satellite data e.g. GOES, Meteosat, ERS-2, DMSP, ENVISAT, Quikscat.

Ranging of geostationary satellites

Archive of meteorological data

product generation and development

National and international activities (e.g.APSDEU, WMO, MOUs, APSATS, APRSAF, GEOSS)

education and training (led by BMTC)

Ensure national & international user access to real time satellite data and products


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WMO space-based sub-system of the WWW’s Global Observing System (2004)

Unparalleled international cooperation has been achieved in satellite activities*


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Local ground stations

Rationale for local reception: timeliness; full resolution; low cost, relatively low maintenance; backup to Melbourne Head Office (security of

access to data). Ranging geo satellites - TARS - MOU with China


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Locally received satellite data

MTSAT-1R/FY-2C: Melbourne HO & Crib Pt (near Melbourne)

NOAA: Crib Pt (2), Darwin, Perth, Casey (Antarctica), Alice Springs, Davis coming

FY-1D: Melbourne, Darwin, Casey MODIS: Hobart, Perth, (Alice Springs from

ACRES); AIRS Melbourne Hobart, Alice Springs, Perth - consortia MTSAT-1R, FY-2C - Perth, Darwin, Brisbane

& Sydney, plus Melbourne

Crib Point - south of Melbourne (SE Australia)


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MTSAT-1R and FY-2C applications

Multiband imagery solar radiation Atmospheric Motion Vectors volcanic ash detection assimilation of radiances into NWP models Data Collection Platforms


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Example of output from the Bureau's solar radiation model using MTSAT-1R visible observations and ancillary data

AMVs at 3 levels derived from GOES-9 images, processed using McIDAS before assimilation into NWP models


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FY-2C 30 Jan 2005 06 UTC


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MTSAT-1R 0333 UTC, 9 May 2005 colour-enhanced composite with Vis, IR: HiRID


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Data Collection Platforms

Automatic weather stations - geo relay (MTSAT)

Seal level gauges - geo relay

Drifting buoys - NOAA DCPLS


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Polar orbiter applications

ATOVS retrievals Sea Surface Temperatures Normalised Difference Vegetation Indices Grassland Curing Indices sea ice monitoring low cloud/fog detection bushfire monitoring (hotspots, smoke) volcanic ash detection multichannel composites GPS estimates of Total Precipitable Water – joint

project with Melbourne University – to improve NWP models.

TC Thelma


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Australian region sea surface temperature map from NOAA satellite data in degrees Celsius.


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Maximum Value Composite NDVI product


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FY-1D


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Indirectly received satellite data

Meteosat & GOES from SSEC, UKMO, Eumetsat NOAA from SSEC University of Wisconsin INSAT from Internet scatterometer e.g. from GTS or QuikSCAT from

NOAA/NESDIS ERS altimeter in BUFR from GTS ENVISAT RA and AATSR ftp from ESA SSM/I DMSP from NOAA/NESDIS ATOVS (SATEMs) from NOAA/NESDIS & UKMO SATOB AMVs and SSTs


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QuikSCAT: Wind barbs (in knots), colour-coded via wind speed: 0 - black, 5 - blue, 10 - light blue, 15 - cyan, 20 - aqua, 25 -

green, 30 - lime green, 35 - yellow, 40 - orange, 45 - red, >50 brown.


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28 May 2003Night - EST

AVHRR – 0300AATSR – 2200MODIS – 2230AMSRE – 0200

15.5–17.0 OS138.5–141.0 OE


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Current SpBOS (Space-based Observations Section) activities

Geo satellite systems– MTSAT-1R HRIT; upgrade ingest/computer hardware

– Brisbane DR; Perth, Darwin FY-2C/D

– C-TARS

Polar orbiter network– upgrade ingest/computer hardware

– METOP


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SpBOS current activities

Core processing, archive & applications– maintain operational satellite processing systems + archive– intercalibration system to improve quality– AMVs– geo hotspots with NOAA– 15yr solar exposure climatology - NCC& BRS– GCI and SSTs with CAPS (software system)– IMOS SST activities– GPS water vapour– RARS satellite data exchange– APSATS-2006

X-band– 3 new ground stns; products


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Future Plans for Bureau satellite activities

further direct reception; further access to non-local RT products (GTS, Internet); Major Government injection of funds for satellite oceanography

activities Bluelink, Marine Observing Systems further education & training and promotion to improve

utilisation, with Bureau's Training Centre; quality and performance measurement; X-band data management and new ground stations (Crib Pt,

Darwin, Antarctica) MODIS workshops and software exchange/stds enhanced data assimilation into NWP models, especially

regional/mesoscale e.g. ATOVS, AIRS establishment of RT time data dissemination i.e. RARS IGDDS, WIS, GEOSS contributions


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NOAA HRPT station upgrade

Upgraded stations (new antenna and mount): 2 at Melbourne Crib Pt, Darwin, Perth - new computer systems and ingest cards next 12 months at all stations including Casey and Alice Springs; Metop capability being added

New station at Davis Antarctica - installation this summer (by end April 2007)

Stations in network by early 2007: total seven comprising Melbourne Crib Pt (2), Darwin, Perth, Alice Springs; Casey and Davis in Antarctica


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National X-band Satellite Station Network (NSSN)


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TERSS - Hobart


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Major X-band project (AUS $5M)

end to end approach - ingest processing, archive, data management, products,education and training, integration of data with other systems e.g. NWP, visualisation

new X-band stations Darwin, Melbourne and Casey.


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X-band Milestones

WASTAC Perth X-band products Dec 2006 Darwin and Melbourne operational - mid 2007 Casey, Antarctica opnl - summer 2007/08 microwave links early-mid 2007 Darwin/Crib Pt products mid-late 2007 incl

NWP Aust Govt funded - Townsville upgrade to X-

band - 2007


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National network

Alice Springs - 2 stations - GA Perth - WASTAC-X Consortium Hobart - TERSS Consortium Bureau planned:

Darwin - mid 2007 Crib Point near Melbourne - mid-2007 Casey, Antarctica - summer 2007/08

possible NCRIS IMOS funded - Townsville upgrade to X-band


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5 deg elevation

national network


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Australian AVHRR and MODIS developments

coordinated reception networks, processing and dissemination

major Australian agencies coordinate to develop standardised data processing systems for AVHRR, MODIS for use in Australian ground stations;

Common AVHRR Processing System (CAPS) and IMAPP, SeaDAS now in use at ground stations in Australia;


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Bureau Composite Observing System

X-band or advanced satellite system use is part of a larger major Bureau activity, namely a Bureau Composite Observing System

greater importance attached to integrated or composite observing systems e.g. satellite soundings complementing upper air networks;

satellite data to play a greater role e.g. increased accuracy allows for compensation of any reductions in conventional networks

Bureau is heavily investing in new NWP assimilation systems which have a voracious appetite for satellite data especially ATOVS data, hence growing importance is attached to RARS data.


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Satellite versus radiosonde soundings


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Australia: current capabilities for RARS

Data Acquisition soon seven HRPT stations by early 2008 five X-band stations - two part owned

ABoM Reception: all NOAAs, FY-1d for HRPT stations, plus

all Terra and Aqua overpasses Roughly 15 passes per day per station Distribution: WAN across Australia, plus optical fibre

within Head Office, plus Internet; GTS


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ABoM areas involved with RARS

OEB (satellite area) CCSB (web, comms, servers, GTS, data

management) WOSPB (services) International affairs Executive


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Australia: requirements

Requirements via RARS: ATOVS, ASCAT; also MODIS, AIRS, IASI, DMSP (e.g.SSM/IS)

Geographical regions: global. Australian region requirements well met but would like to expand to Antarctica and NZ, then global

Satellites for RARS data: NOAA, Metop, DMSP, ENVISAT, NPP, NPOESS, FY-3, Aqua, Terra

Data formats: BUFR mainly, possibly HDF (for ATOVS Level 1d) Timeliness: 30 mins preferably Modelling - expected to adopt UKMO NWP system Access Mechanisms: initially GTS; later would like satellite broadcast


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Documents

APSDEU-7, 20-22 September 2006, Honolulu, Hawaii 1 Overview of Australian Bureau of Meteorology Satellite Activities Country Report for Australia