ARIMNet2 Governing Board · PDF fileARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting 15-16 March 2016, Lisbon, Portugal Bernard HUBERT ... • To create a community of research for the whole region

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Integrated Strategic Research Agenda (ISRA)

ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting 15-16 March 2016, Lisbon, Portugal

Bernard HUBERT

Strategic and Scientific Advisory Board (SSAB)

Agropolis International, France

1 ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting, 15-16 March 2016,

Lisbon

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Rationale

Food and Agriculture are major issues in the Mediterranean

Economies, in terms of : economics, employment, rural

development, natural resources management..

Climate change is dramatically impacting the agricultural and

food sector and most of the problems and challenges that

Mediterranean agriculture is facing are shared by all the

countries in the area. Some problems that are very accurate in

the Southern Mediterranean countries could become more

severe on the Northern side of the Med.

Climate change adaptation

Water scarcity

Links between the EU Mediterranean Countries and their

Mediterranean Partners are strong in terms of trade, economic

partnerships, human mobilities

Plant and animal health

Food safety

Agricultural trade

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Mediterranean paradox

– Mediterranean basin concentrates almost all the key global challenges that agriculture is facing

– The region as a whole has no visibility at the scale of the global arena or world research initiatives

• Mediterranean issues are too often looked each side separately, while it needs to be considered and addressed jointly

• Problems are global and research systems to address them are local

• Agricultural Research Capacity in the Mediterranean is scattered and fragmented

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Objectives

• To create a community of research for the whole region through

the coordination of national programmes in Agricultural

Research within the Mediterranean countries

• To address jointly the common key issues for Mediterranean

agriculture

• To better deliver what is expected by decision makers,

stakeholders and Mediterranean people, from Agricultural

research

To build a framework at the crossroad of thematic (as lead by

the JPI FACCE) and regional (the Mediterranean) issues, being

integrated within the aims of SCAR paradigm of the bioeconomy

under the fundamental constraint of sustainability.

The ISRA : a very specific plan for

promising goals

• To build a whole understanding of Mediterranean

as an entity within a global framework

• To give priority to what is linking northern,

southern and eastern banks

• To take advantage of this very specific tool of the

EU open to non EU/associated countries to build

a long lasting Mediterranean research community

in agriculture

• To convince the EC that there is a strong need to

further tools like art 185 (PRIMA)

5 ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting, 15-16 March 2016, Lisbon

The ARIMNet2 ISRA Index Foreword

1. Introduction

– The Mediterranean Area

– Europe initiatives and the Mediterranean Area for collaborative research and innovation and

networking initiative

– Other initiatives and relevant studies related to the Mediterranean Area

2. ARIMNet2

– What is ARIMNet2?

– Scope of ARIMNet2

– Analysis of submitted proposals to first ARIMNet call 2014

– Scope of the ISRA of ARIMNet2

3. Challenges

– Population, societies

– Natural resources

– Plant Production Systems

– Animal Production Systems

– Value Chain Management

4. The ARIMNet2 Strategy for Mediterranean Area

– Agenda building process

– Priority thematic areas to face the challenges for the Mediterranean Area

– Instruments to implement strategy

5. ISRA in the context of the European and International Collaboration

– Contribution to the implementation of FACCE JPI Strategic Agenda

– Contribution to the Euro-Mediterranean Research Agenda

6. The ISRA Evaluation and Monitoring Framework 6

ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting, 15-16 March 2016, Lisbon

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The Challenges

Population and societies

Natural resources

Plant production systems (perennial/annual)

Animal production systems

Value Chain management

The ARIMnet2 Strategy for Med Area

Priority thematic areas to face challenges for the

Med Area

Instruments to implement strategy

• The ISRA M&E framework

Two chapters to set the scene and prioritize

and one for assessment


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Population and societies

A strong unbalanced demographic growth

A worrying increase in agricultural products

imports!

The challenges



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Urban and Rural population of the two shores of the Mediterranean

Population increase and Poverty

% poor in total

population % poor in rural

populatio,

Algeria 12,1 14,7

Egypt 16,7 23,3

Gaza 32,0 55,0

Jordan 14,2 19,0

Morocco 14,2 22,0

Syria 11,4 14,8

Tunisia 4,1 8,3

Turkey 27,0 34,5

average 25,3 34,3


ARIMNet2 Governing

Board Meeting, 15-16

March 2016, Lisbon

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Total agricultural exports and imports of SEMC in Billion US$

(source WTO Database, from Jacquet, 2015)

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Natural resources

A tremendous use of water resources!

The challenges

ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting, 15-16 March 2016,

Lisbon


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Portugal Spain France Italy Greece Turkey Egypt Israël Syria Lebanon Tunisia Algeria Morocco

Share of water used in agriculture in total water consumption


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Water resources per inhabitant

Total internal renewable water resources per capita and per country in 1960 and in 2005

Countries

Threshold of 500 m3per inhab per year

7640

4840

2437 2363

1424 1240 948

707 413

61 0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

3097

1326 1276 919

423 413 375 118 104 24

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000


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Plant production systems

A great diversity of productions

… and production systems

But also of pests!

Some “global” specificities: olive trees!

A strong focus on cereals

The issue of post-harvest losses

The challenge of irrigation …and the need for

designing new rainfed cropping systems

The challenges



Countries Production in 2013

(Quantity as mt)

Import in 2012

(Quantity as mt)

Algeria 3 299 049 6 347 232

Egypt 9 460 200 11 428 301

Libya 200 000 1 623 390

Morocco 265 000 4 093 618

Tunisia 975 300 1 632 489

Wheat production (2013) and import of southern Mediterranean countries

(Source: http://faostat3.fao.org/)

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Animal production systems

Livestock (Cattle, Small ruminants …)

A diversity of meat products with a specific

attention to light carcasses!

The role of rangeland and the importance of

pastoral systems …

Aquaculture

Fisheries (small scale vs industrial vs tourism!)

The challenges


ARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting, 15-16 March, Lisbon2016 23

Cattle herds, sheep and goat breeding flocks (million of heads)

in Mediterranean countries in 2010 (GIRA Meat Club, USDA & FAO)

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Value Chain management

Population, food, lifestyles ad health

Developing food industries suited to local

conditions

Integrating smallholding into formal supply

chains

The challenges



Population, food, lifestyles and health

The Nutritional Transition

EHESS 2-03-2016


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Preliminary conclusion: a nexus to be integrated

into a systemic framework

The challenges


Natural resources

preservation

Poverty

Alleviation

FFoo

Food security

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By crossing:

The challenges nexus

The synthesis of existing foresights and

assessments (PETIT Michel and EL HADAD GAUTHIER Fatima, Review

of prospective studies for Mediterranean Agriculture, Implications for Agricultural

Research, Working Document ARIMNet2 Project, July 2014, 45 pages)

The 11 subtopics of the 1st ARIMnet2 Call


The ARIMnet2 Strategy for Med Area

ARIMNet2 First call proposals



NATURAL RESOURCES

PRESERVATION FOOD

SECURITY

POVERTY

ALLEVIATION/

EMPLOYMENT

1. Increase in resilience, rusticity and productivity of Mediterranean

agricultural production systems ++ +++ +

2. Improving input use management, at the level of the production

systems +++ ++

3. Common Mediterranean challenges in animal and plant health + +++

4. Sustainable Mediterranean aquaculture and fisheries + +++ ++

5. Innovation in agroindustry ++ +++

6. Logistics, supply chain organization, and transportation +++ ++

7. Food safety and food sanitary issues ++ +

8. Food consumption patterns: consumers’ behavior, quality of

products, diet and nutrition +++ ++

9. Agricultural and food policies ++ +++ ++

10. Sustainable management of water and other resources used by

agriculture +++ ++

11. Landscape and spatial management, competition with other land

uses, peri-urban and urban agriculture ++ + ++

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Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of

production systems • Research is needed both to develop new products and production

systems for different farm types, family or commercial and to

assess the environmental, social and economic impact of these

newly developed products or technologies (at farm, regional,

national, global or ecosystem levels).

• In this respect, the extent at which animal and plant production

will be integrated and how this integration, will influence the

efficiency and sustainability of the agro-eco system is important.

• The role of agriculture on employment and poverty alleviation

directs research towards social aspects. Adoption of research

results and innovative approaches is rather slow, therefore new and

territory or target group specific extension methods are

required to fasten implementation.

The ARIMnet2 Strategy for Med Area (1)


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Importance of the pastoral livestock systems!


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Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of

production systems

• Examples of research questions

- Assess environmental social and economic sustainability at

different scales

- Develop new products by taking into account simultaneously the

farm level and the agroindustry perspective

- Design complementarities between crop and livestock at different

levels : from farming systems to the territories


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Enhancing value chains - The collection, storage, transformation, processing of raw

agricultural and natural products and distribution of final products

to consumers. Developing new technologies and improving

supply chain organization is needed to boost rural economy

and to create new jobs.

- Furthermore urbanization and changes in consumption

habits and preferences lead to new challenges in terms of

access and availability of food for all, nutritional quality of food

and food safety issues, particularly for traditional retailing

systems.

-It is indeed critical to understand well the rapid evolution of

consumers’ food habit and the reasons of these changes. It is

also necessary to understand the processes leading to the

erosion of the Mediterranean diet in order to design public policies aiming at improving nutrition.




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Developing food industries

suited to local conditions


Cattle herds, sheep and goat breeding flocks (million of heads) in Mediterranean countries in 2010 (GIRA Meat Club, USDA & FAO)

Integrating smallholding

into formal supply chains

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Enhancing value chains

Examples of research questions -The design of innovative food systems and food business models quality-

oriented and generating employment, notably in rural areas:

- by characterizing the relevant geographical areas for identifying local products

and enhancing the competitiveness of specific value chains based on it in order

to implement certification schemes highlighting Mediterranean specialty to

enhance regional products as a lever of territorial development;

- by improving on-farm storage, processing and hygiene and minimizing losses and

add value at farm level;

- The analysis of the whole logistics, supply chain organization and

transportation system in order to help the public and private actors involved

to improve its performance:

- the analysis of standards, logistical infrastructures, organizational forms, public

policies and innovations in the banking and credit system to promote the

integration of smallholdings and SMEs into modern distribution channels;

- The impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on employment, income,

international trade).



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•Promoting a balanced territorial development -The growth of rural employment is critical to fight rural poverty.

- Research should support rural/urban synergies, investigate the

development of labor-intensive agricultural activities for small scale

agriculture in marginal areas, and the ways to enhance the development

of food industries suited to local conditions (local productions and traditional

know-how).

- To provide intellectual tools and approaches to take into account the

diversity of local development situations at the territorial level (diversity of

soils, slopes, wet areas, water circulation, fauna and flora, soil distribution), to

understand the role of the spatial organization (land and field patterns,

network of hedges, woods...) on the natural resources and the environment.

-The current dynamics in land uses produce new spatial patterns and

new relationships between urbanized areas, agricultural areas, hybrid

spaces between city and countryside, intensive and extensive

agricultural zones, pastoral areas and uncultivated zones. This has to be

analyzed in a perspective of landscape and land use regulations inside

the farm and by through spatial organization of farming systems.




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•Promoting a balanced territorial development

Examples of research questions -How to design labor intensive and profitable farming systems for small

scale agriculture in marginal areas?

-What are the technical, economic and environmental factors affecting

the compatibility of diverse agricultural models (industrial/small scale,

irrigated/rainfed, food/nonfood) in the same areas?

-How to enhance the development of small scale food industries that

can participate to the development of rural areas?

-How to design safe and intensive systems in urban and peri-urban

areas?

-How to improve ecological regulations inside the farm and by through

spatial organization of farming systems?

-How to improve the integration between agriculture, forests and urban

areas in coastal zones, and to find ways to manage this development

and the relationship between coastal areas and hinterlands?



Instruments to implement strategy (1)

Instruments to capacity strengthening

• Yearly summer schools, 3-4 days, turning within the

countries (by thematic area and including field visits);

• Young researchers specific seminars (i.e. PhD < 5

years) to favor interactions and create a transnational

community of researchers sensitive to projects build in

partnership with stakeholders;

• A mobility program of exchange of researchers, PhD

students, post-docs, etc. to earn new competences or

use specific devices.



Instruments to develop shared equipments

• To develop specialized platforms (5-6 for the Region)

with outstanding infrastructure about several high level

technologies (genotyping, phenotyping, bioinformatics,

data mining, remote sensing ecc.) to carry on any

possible joint activities (i.e. collaborative projects, host

colleagues, organize courses)

• To create a network of greenhouses sharing compared

trials as well as shared experiments on several

pathologies in safe conditions;

• To carry out a virtual network of Common Data Bases

in order to monitor surveys along the region, share data

and improve their compatibility and reliability. 52


Instruments to enhance collaborative projects

• Launching thematic transnational calls every 1-2 years grounded

on the priorities highlighted by the ISRA document and with

enhancing criteria for a real wide cooperation, i.e. the best minimum

number of different countries involved to have a wide cooperation

basis and in the same time an efficient way to work;

• Supporting researcher groups from different countries of the region

aiming to submit a bid to an international call (European

Commission, GEF…) by small grants of seed money to help them

to meeting, writing, making literature review, designing original

proposals, etc.;

• Carrying out a PhD grant program for thesis in "co-tutelle" with

supervisors/tutors in two countries of the Region, linked to current

collaborative projects, in order to build a transnational community of

researchers. 53

The ISRA Monitoring and Evaluation • The M&E framework needs to identify ARIMNet2 main targets:

- improve the awareness of the MED Area issue related to agriculture;

- increase the societal impact on the challenges of MED Area in the

agricultural sector;

- stimulate the debate on MED Area issues (related to agriculture and

research in primary sector) at the European and EC level;

• It needs to combine:

- The short term:

Inform all the possible stakeholders about ISRA and ARIMNET2 scope.

Monitoring the results and effects of the first ARIMNET financed projects.

Closely monitoring all the ARIMNET2 joint actions.

- The medium-long term:

Promote Universities and other institutions offering post-graduate studies, also

to carry on thesis and works on the issues pointed out in the ISRA.

Evaluate national research and innovation programs in the Medit countries.

Monitoring the results and effects of the ARIMNET2 projects in order to

compare and evaluate the improvement since the first ARIMNET period.

Carry out surveys of published articles on topics prioritized for the Med

countries in ISRA during the implementation of ARIMNET projects.

Assess the integration of ARIMNet2 topics and result into policy making and

development projects

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ARIMNet2 Governing


March 2016, Lisbon

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Thanks for your attention!

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ARIMNet2 Governing Board · PDF fileARIMNet2 Governing Board Meeting 15-16 March 2016, Lisbon, Portugal Bernard HUBERT ... • To create a community of research for the whole region