Arm

Ramon Lenandro O. Jose MD, DPOA

Clinical Case 1

Clinical Case 2

OSTEOLOGY

VASCULAR SYSTEM

NERVOUS SYSTEM

10

11

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

• Anterior group– Biceps brachii– Coracobrachialis– Brachialis

• Posterior group– triceps brachii– anconeus

Muscles of armBiceps brachii• Origin: long head,

supraglenoid tubercle; short head, coracoid process

• Insertion: radial tuberosity

• Action: supinator of forearm, flexor of elbow joint, weak flexor of should joint

Muscles of armTriceps brachii• Origin: – long head, infraglenoid

tubercle – lateral head, above

groove for radial nerve – medical head, below

groove for radial nerve• Insertion: olecranon of ulna• Action: extends elbow joint,

long head extends and adducts shoulder joint

Triceps brachii

Arm and Forearm Muscles That Move the Elbow Joint/Forearm

• Anterior compartment –primarily contains elbow flexors– the principal flexors• biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis

• Posterior compartment contains elbow extensors –muscles that extend the elbow joint • triceps brachii and anconeus

CUBITAL FOSSA

• DEFINITION: A triangular space in front of the elbow joint

• BOUNDARIES:1. Base: an imaginary line between the 2

epicondyles of humerus2. Laterally: medial border of brachioradialis3. Medially: Lateral border of pronator teres4. Apex: brachioradialis overlaps pronator teres

CUBITAL FOSSA (BOUNDARIES)

CUBITAL FOSSA• ROOF: 1. Skin2. Superficial fascia containing: cephalic vein, lateral

cutaneous nerve of forearm, basilic vein, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm & medial cubital vein

3. Deep fascia4. Bicipital aponeurosis• FLOOR:1. Brachialis (medially)2. Supinator (laterally)

CUBITAL FOSSA (ROOF)

CUBITAL FOSSA

• CONTENTS:From lateral to medial:1. Radial nerve & its deep branch2. Tendon of biceps brachii3. Termination of brachial artery & beginning

of radial & ulnar arteries4. Median nerve

CUBITAL FOSSA (CONTENTS)

CLINICAL CASES

Clinical Case 1

Physical examination

• Inspection: – Deformity of the biceps. Popeye deformity

• Palpation: – Tenderness at the shoulder process.

• Percussion and Auscultation:– Not needed

Ruptured biceps tendon

• Complete or partial• Usually involves the long head tendon.• Origin or insertion• Usually treated conservatively but for athletes

or heavy laborers will require tenodesis.

Clinical Case 2

Physical examination

• Inspection: – Swelling of the arm. Gross deformity of the arm.

• Palpation: – Tenderness of the arm. Full and equal pulses. + for

wrist extension. No sensory deficit noted. • Percussion and Auscultation:– Not needed