ART AND CULTURE FOR WELL-BEING Anu Laukkanen, PhD University of
Turku Introduction to the field
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STRUCTURE OF THE LECTURE 1.Orientation 2.The role of art and
culture in society 3.Mapping the field
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1. ORIENTATION Art and culture is good for you Art and culture
creates well-being
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2. THE ROLE OF ART AND CULTURE IN SOCIETY 22
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DIFFERENT APPROACHES Art as an autonomous field of creativity
and artistry art is valuable an sich focus on artists and their
works rather new approach Art and society always engaged art is
always social and political: art in politics, education, religion
instrumental approach transformational approach
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HOW ART OR CULTURE WORKS? Instrumental view: art as a tool or
method causality evaluation or evidence-based research indicators,
measuring, quantitative studies natural or medical sciences as the
model for evaluation E.g. how listening to music after a brain
stroke effects the cognitive rehabilitation? (Srkm et al) What can
be measured? How? Health? Well-being? Objective, experienced,
individual, social? Art? Culture? Too complex phenomena to be
measured? E.g. music
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HOW ART OR CULTURE WORKS? Transformative power of art and
culture Imagination, intuition, creativity, expressions,
experiences Sharing, bringing people together Communicating,
dialogue Feeling of belonging, identity work, empowerment
increasing self-esteem identity politics social change
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ART AS TRANSFORMATIVE How to show what art does? Qualitative
approach Artistic research Understanding and describing Research in
humanities and social sciences Kirsi Heimonen, community dancer,
researcher working with people with dementia and the staff of
elderly care homes surprise and wonder in encounters art can
reveal, confuse, open new perspectives to ones life, work etc.
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It is not arts activity alone that provides health gain rather
how it is delivered; and the environment and the conversations
around the activity provide the intermediate indicators of
perceived benefit. (McNaughton et al. 2005, 336.)
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Jane Macnaughton, Mike White, Rosie Stacy, (2005) "Researching
the benefits of arts in health", Health Education 105: 5,
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1519895&show=abstract#sthash.T8ZZST7I.dpuf
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3. MAPPING THE FIELD
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WHATS GOING ON IN OUR SOCIETY? Cultural politics: funding of
arts, culture art for arts sake or art as an instrument for
something else? Welfare and well-being politics: how welfare
services are organised in the future? privatization, third sector
and enterpreneurs Changes in the working life employment of the
artists and cultural workers new professions multi-professionalism
project-based work emotional labour
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FINLAND: ARTS AND CULTURE FOR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Network
since 1992 & many projects Arts and Culture for Health and
Well-being Programme 2010-2014, priority areas: 1) culture in
promoting social inclusion, capacity building, networking and
participation in daily life and living environments 2) art and
culture as part of social welfare and health promotion 3) art and
culture in support of well-being and health at work
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ART AND CULTURE FOR WELL-BEING PROGRAMME 2010-2014 18 proposals
for actions geared to promote health and well-being through art and
culture relating to 1) legislation, administration and funding 2)
cooperation between the public, private and third sectors 3)
research and the knowledge base 4) education and training 5)
information
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ART FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION El Sistema Venezuela since 1975 Art
for social inclusion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=276oR_tEmbs
Cirkus Tvrs, Denmark:
http://vimeo.com/45894792http://vimeo.com/45894792 Immigrant
children
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EVERYDAY CULTURE Art and culture as a hobby creates social
capital and well-being Nature and built environment, everyday
aesthetics handicrafts, cooking etc.
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ARTS IN HOSPITALS initiative of the World Decade for Cultural
Development of the UN and Unesco in 1990 18 member states,
including Finland research by Hanna-Leena Liikanen 2003 art
provides artistic sensation and meaningful aesthetic experiences
people in contact with art usually express a better self-rated
health and feel they are leading a more satisfactory life artistic
activities create communality and networks, giving one better
control over ones life agency, humanizing effect art makes living
and working surroundings more enjoyable and attractive
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CAREMUSIC Musique et Sant, France:
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xba4yw_projet-europeen-
musique-a-l-hopital_music
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xba4yw_projet-europeen-
musique-a-l-hopital_music
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ART AND CULTURE IN SOCIAL AND HEALTH CARE SETTINGS art as
therapy: art therapy, music therapy, dance and movement therapy,
dramatherapy, literature therapy compare: therapeutic art or art
MAY have therapeutic effects E.g. PhotoTherapy and empowering
photography
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ART, WORK AND WELL-BEING well-being at work creativity and
innovations arts in management arts & well-being as business,
enterpreneurship new professions & multiprofessional work
artists health & well-being
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ARTS FOR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING CASE: THEATRE Theatre Applied
theatre Theatre-based methods (Pekka Korhonen 2012) community
theatre; participatory theatre, applied theatre; popular theatre;
theatre of the oppressed; forum theatre; theatre for development
etc. Democratisation of the art: art for everyone Art for
democracy, social and political change Sociocultural animation
Post-war France; later Latin America Brazil: Paolo Freire 1968:
Pedagogy of the oppressed Brazil & Europe: Augusto Boal 1960s:
theatre of the oppressed forum theatre
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THEATRE FOR WELL-BEING CASE: Finnish National Theatre/Touring
Stage Theatre for all: care homes, prisons, reception centres
Engaging audiences: Soviet Union project All levels: theatre,
applied theater and theatre-based methods
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ARTS AND CULTURE FOR HEALT AND WELL-BEING Is a large field,
some areas are more developed, established & researched than
others There are good results of the effects of the work In general
the field lacks stable funding and position in the social and
health settings WHY? Politics What works or creates well-being?
Some answers to a future professional: Know the context of your
work as well as you can. Be ready to be surprised and learn. Be
ready to cross boundaries. Know your role as a professional and
give credits to others and their professional skills.
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THANK YOU Anu Laukkanen Culture, health and well-being School
of History, Culture and Arts Studies University of Turku
http://www.hum.utu.fi/laitokset/hkt/tutkimus/hyvinvointi/
[email protected]
