ASHRAE Addenda g, h, and i to ASHRAE Guideline 13-2007 Library/Technical Resources...2 ASHRAEAddendum g toASHRAE Guideline 13-2007 how a building under review compares to another building

ASHRAE Addenda g, h, and i toASHRAE Guideline 13-2007

Specifying BuildingAutomation Systems

Approved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on June 22, 2013, and by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on June 26, 2013.

These addenda were approved by a Standing Guideline Project Committee (SGPC) for which the Standards Committee hasestablished a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including procedures for timely, documented,consensus action on requests for change to any part of the guideline. The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlines maybe obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Manager of Standards.

The latest edition of an ASHRAE Guideline may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAECustomer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: [email protected]. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone:404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go towww.ashrae.org/permissions.

© 2013 ASHRAE ISSN 1049-894X

DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and

accepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAE’s Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.

ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating

purposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.

In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.

ASHRAE Standing Guideline Project Committee 13Cognizant TC: TC 1.4, Control Theory and Application

SPLS Liaison: Douglass S. Abramson

*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publication

Chariti Young, Chair* David B. Kahn* Jeremy J. RobertsKimberly A. Barker* James R. Kelley* David M. Underwood*Mike Gibson Kristopher L. Kinney* Grant N. Wichenko*

SPECIAL NOTEThis Guideline was developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. ASHRAE Guidelines are developed under a review process, identifying

a guideline for the design, testing, application, or evaluation of a specific product, concept, or practice. As a guideline it is not definitive butencompasses areas where there may be a variety of approaches, none of which must be precisely correct. ASHRAE Guidelines are writtento assist professionals in the area of concern and expertise of ASHRAE’s Technical Committees and Task Groups.

ASHRAE Guidelines are prepared by project committees appointed specifically for the purpose of writing Guidelines. The projectcommittee chair and vice-chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Guideline.

Development of ASHRAE Guidelines follows procedures similar to those for ASHRAE Standards except that (a) committee balance isdesired but not required, (b) an effort is made to achieve consensus but consensus is not required, (c) Guidelines are not appealable, and(d) Guidelines are not submitted to ANSI for approval.

The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Guideline,b. participation in the next review of the Guideline,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Guideline, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Guideline.

ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.

ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 2012–2013

Kenneth W. Cooper, Chair Julie M. Ferguson Janice C. Peterson

William F. Walter, Vice-Chair Krishnan Gowri Heather L. PlattDouglass S. Abramson Cecily M. Grzywacz Ira G. PostonKarim Amrane Richard L. Hall Douglas T. ReindlCharles S. Barnaby Rita M. Harrold James R. TaubyHoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Adam W. Hinge James K. VallortSteven F. Bruning Debra H. Kennoy Craig P. WrayDavid R. Conover Jay A. Kohler Charles H. Culp, III, BOD ExOSteven J. Emmerich Rick A. Larson Constantinos A. Balaras, CO

Mark P. ModeraStephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of Standards

© ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission.


(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not beenprocessed according to the ANSI requirements for astandard and may contain material that has not beensubject to public review or a consensus process.Unresolved objectors on informative material are notoffered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)

FOREWORD

As the industry increasingly demands high-performingbuildings, the need to measure and document their perfor-mance increases as well. This addendum adds an annex toGuideline 13 that describes performance monitoring, itsbenefits, and the implications to a building automation sys-tem if performance monitoring is desired in a building. Inaddition, the addendum provides guidance throughout theguideline to describe performance monitoring consider-ations when specifying a building automation system, as wellas example specification language for performance monitor-ing if desired.

Note: In this addendum, changes to the current guidelineare indicated in the text by underlining (for additions) andstrikethrough (for deletions) unless the instructions specifi-cally mention some other means of indicating the changes.

(This annex is not part of this guideline but is providedfor information purposes only.)

ANNEX X—PERFORMANCE MONITORING

X1. WHAT IS PERFORMANCE MONITORING?

Performance monitoring is the capability to provide facil-ity managers and operators with the means to easily assess thecurrent and historical performance of the building/facility as awhole and its significant energy consuming systems andcomponents. Performance monitoring requires not only theneeded instrumentation and architecture but also the means tocalculate, timestamp, display, and archive resultant parame-ters. The monitoring capability can be included within a build-ing automation system (BAS) or implemented as a separateenergy information system (EIS) or a combination of the two.Performance monitoring can be implemented as part of a newconstruction project or as part of a BAS installation or upgradeproject in an existing building. This annex provides threelevels of performance monitoring. Level 1 supports trendingof data. Level 2 supports the collection of the data in the formof time-value trendlogs and provides data analysis. Level 3uses the data collected by the Level 1 functionality andanalyzed by the Level 2 functionality to predict equipmentfaults, energy consumption, and demand patterns.

X2. BENEFITS OF PERFORMANCE MONITORING

Monitoring main electricity and natural gas meter dataenables building staff to track building electricity and natural

gas use by time of day, facilitating management of peak loadsand identification of unnecessary equipment operation duringunoccupied periods. It also enables monitoring of power qual-ity supplied to the building and the power factor of the buildingload if advance metering instrumentation is utilized. Monitor-ing of water use can provide information to help detect anddiagnose unnecessary consumption.

Building monitoring can direct a building owner to addi-tional energy savings potential at the plant or equipment level.For example, monitoring chilled-water plant equipment powermeter data enables building staff to track and manage chilled-water plant contributions to peak load and monitor chillerhealth. Monitoring building chilled-water flowmeter andchilled-water supply and return temperature data enables themonitoring system to calculate the actual cooling delivered byplant chillers, allowing growth in chiller capacity require-ments to be tracked and managed and aiding the detection ofanomalous loads that increase operating costs. Monitoring ofboth plant power and thermal loads enables the tracking ofchiller plant efficiencies, which allows the identification ofmore efficient operating strategies. It also enables the detec-tion of degradations in performance that indicate the need formaintenance in order to minimize operating costs and maxi-mize equipment life.

Use of a high-quality weather station provides reliablemeasurement of outdoor air dry-bulb and wet-bulb tempera-tures, which help in identifying more operating hours for air-side and water-side economizers, facilitating the most effec-tive use of free heating and cooling resources, and minimizingcentral plant energy use. Reliable measurement of outdoorwet-bulb temperature enables proper cooling tower operation,maximizing chilled-water plant efficiency.

Advanced data calculations and automatically updateddata displays provide operators with effective, standardizedways of viewing the performance of the building and theHVAC system, including comfort conditions. Careful group-ing of plots puts all the information required to monitor and,if necessary, troubleshoot each different part of the HVACsystem on a single screen. This makes it easier to spot anddiagnose a fault before it becomes a problem, reducing hot andcold calls and operation and maintenance (O&M) costs andmaking it easier to operate the building, freeing up stationaryengineers to meet other needs.

As utilities implement demand response plans and as theSmart Grid becomes a reality, owners will see the benefits ofthe Level 3 performance monitoring option. Specifiers arereferred to the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) website (www.nist.gov) for information on the SmartGrid. The local energy service provider serving the facility canprovide information on current and future demand responseprograms.

Example calculations to determine end-to-end accuracyof a measurement can be found in ASHRAE Guideline 22,Instrumentation for Monitoring Central Chilled-Water PlantEfficiency, Annex C4.X1

This annex aligns with Performance Measurement Proto-cols for Commercial Buildings: Best Practices GuideX2 in thefollowing manner. There is limited alignment with the BasicEvaluation Level (Indicative) of Performance MeasurementProtocols for Commercial Buildings: Best Practices Guide, asthis level is largely a manual exercise to determine roughly

Addendum g to Guideline 13-2007

Add Annex X, Performance Monitoring.

ASHRAE Addendum g to ASHRAE Guideline 13-2007 1

http://www.nist.gov


how a building under review compares to another building ora group of buildings. Data needed for the Basic EvaluationLevel, such as whole-building utility consumption anddemand, are available from the BAS at Performance Monitor-ing Level 1 as outlined in this annex. The Diagnostic Measure-ment Level (Diagnostic) as outlined in PerformanceMeasurement Protocols for Commercial Buildings: BestPractices Guide aligns with Performance Monitoring AnnexLevels 2 and 3, as the Diagnostic Measurement Level usesmore detailed energy data at hourly or shorter intervals than isavailable in electronic form from the BAS. The AdvancedAnalysis Level (Investigative) in Performance MeasurementProtocols for Commercial Buildings: Best Practices Guidealso aligns with Performance Monitoring Annex Levels 2and 3. The main difference between the two levels describedin Performance Measurement Protocols for CommercialBuildings: Best Practices Guide is that under the AdvancedAnalysis Level there may be a requirement for longer-termhistorical trends or detailed fault detection and diagnosis(FDD) information that is available at Performance Monitor-ing Annex Level 3. Readers wishing to make a more detailedcomparison are referred to Performance Measurement Proto-cols for Commercial Buildings: Best Practices Guide.

X3. BAS REQUIREMENTS TO IMPLEMENTPERFORMANCE MONITORING

Table X.1 shows the requirements and architecture forspecific BAS elements that are needed to implement perfor-mance monitoring.

X4. LEVELS OF PERFORMANCE MONITORING

This annex provides guidance on three possible levels ofperformance monitoring that can be implemented in a BAS.The specifying engineer, in concert with the owner or owner’srepresentative, should include in the specification thoserequirements needed to meet specific Owner’s ProjectRequirements.

X4.1 Level 1: Data Collection and TrendingLevel 1 is a building block for the higher levels. This level

assumes that the specified BAS manufacturer can meet theLevel 1 performance monitoring requirements within thecompany’s current product offering. The BAS must supporttrending, but the extent of the trending is based on the projectrequirements as defined by the specifier. Depending on thescope of the project, the specifying engineer may specify thelong-term trending software module that BAS suppliers sell aspart of their front-end software suite.

For purposes of this annex, a trend or trendlog is a collec-tion of time-value pairs (e.g., the outdoor air temperature was20°C [68°F] at 15:00 [3:00 p.m.]). The time interval, whetherthe value is a minimum, maximum, average, or instantaneousvalue, and the amount of the data to be collected are based onthe project requirements. Most BASs do not support thecreation of X-Y plots (e.g., outdoor air temperature vs. chillerkilowatt/ton), so this requirement is not included in Level 1.This level allows for the collection of the data for performancemonitoring and the graphing of one or more trendlog valuesagainst time, but it does not require the support for any analysisof the trendlog time-value pairs.

Level 1 also applies to a BAS that is either controllingdirectly or monitoring other systems such as lighting and firealarm systems. The principles outlined in the next two levelsapply to such control implementations.

X4.2 Level 2: Trendlog Data AnalysisLevel 2 includes the trendlog data of Level 1 and assumes

that the data collected in the form of time-value trendlogs willbe analyzed in some manner to meet the specifier’s designintent for the project. BASs must either support the creation ofX-Y plots natively or be able to export these data to a third-party graphing and analysis tool such as Microsoft® Excel®.The specifier must ensure that the plot requirements areclearly laid out in the specification so the BAS supplier hasguidance on what work is expected for the project. There mayalso be a requirement for structured queries of energy andoperational BAS data to assist in certification under the Lead-ership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) GreenBuilding Rating SystemX3 or other sustainable rating systems.

X4.3 Level 3: Equipment Fault Diagnosis and EventResponse

Level 3 includes the functions of Level 1 and Level 2 andassumes that the data that are collected under Level 1 andanalyzed under Level 2 can then be used to identify and predictmechanical, electrical, or other equipment faults or can provideanalysis of data relating to operational issues, power quality, orother applications. One could use these data to predict energyconsumption and demand patterns to prepare a demandresponse strategy based on a change to a real-time energy pric-ing request from the local energy service provider. A BAS atthis level is not just a server responding to requests from a userbut may also have the ability to act as a client, taking action torespond automatically to a real-time pricing signal. Thisdemand response may implement fuel switching by startingbuilding generators or shedding equipment loads, or it maymake changes in local zone space conditions. The BAS wouldreturn the building equipment under its control to a normaloperating condition once the demand response event ends. TheBAS would then provide automated reports on the impact onbuilding health (e.g., changes to temperature or carbon dioxidelevels) once the demand event ends. Projects at this level maybe eligible for LEED certification and such smart sheddingstrategies may give the specifier the opportunity to apply for theLEED Measurement & Verification or Innovation credits.

X5. IMPACT OF THE PERFORMANCEMONITORING LEVEL ON BAS DESIGN

The level of sophistication of the BAS design varies fromLevel 1 to Level 3. The various levels require differing consid-erations in the implementation of hardware, software, andsystem functionality, discussed as follows.

1. Selection of Controlled Equipment. Equipment withpackaged controls on a BAS project at Level 1 may allowfor enable/disable, setpoint changes, and a common alarmcontact. This same equipment at Level 2 or Level 3 mayrequire a network connection with interoperable commu-nications that allow data access. For a chiller, these datamight include bearing temperature, head pressures, revo-lutions per minute, faults, equipment metering data, etc.

2 ASHRAE Addendum g to ASHRAE Guideline 13-2007

© ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution,

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infr

astr

uctu

reor

toan

alyz

eth

eda

tage

nera

ted

byth

epe

rfor

man

cem

onito

ring

syst

em.T

heow

ner

may

deci

deto

cont

ract

outt

hese

serv

ices

inst

ead

ofcr

eatin

gad

ditio

nali

nter

nalc

apac

ityin

the

faci

lity

man

agem

ento

rgan

izat

ion.

TAB

LEX

.1B

AS

Req

uire

men

tsfo

rP

erfo

rman

ceM

onito

ring




2. Server Requirements. Projects at Level 1 may notrequire a server to collect data. It may be sufficient totrend the data in the BAS panels. Level 2 or 3 projectsmay require a server that supports web services or can actas a client to respond to Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP) remote procedure calls that may be invoked, forexample, as part of a real-time pricing request from anenergy service provider.

3. Software License Levels and Costs. The data volumesincrease as one goes from specifying a Level 1 to aLevel 3 BAS. Most BAS vendors have front-end softwarelicenses that are based on the object count. There isnormally an increase in the software cost to handlegreater volumes of data either from within the HVACBAS or by bringing in (mapping) data from other build-ing systems such as lighting, fire, or other systems.

4. Interoperability Considerations. BAS projects atLevel 1 may only require one vendor’s equipment on theproject. Level 2 or 3 projects may require chillers, boilers,meters, or other equipment with networking capabilities,implying that these building devices communicate usingone or more common protocols so they can respondcollectively, for example, to a building-level strategy suchas demand response.

5. BAS Equipment Sophistication. Performance monitor-ing is not restricted to measuring utility consumption anddemand. The BAS may act as a “server” device to passruntime or other information to other applications in theEnterprise such as the preventive maintenance (PM)program. The reporting capabilities may extend to gener-ating runtime reports, alarm reports, tenant energy usagereports, etc., that provide management with timely infor-mation on the performance of the facility.

6. Client/Server Capabilities. BASs are normallydesigned so that the field panels respond to a request fromthe front end for information on the status of a point or toreceive an update to a schedule. The field panel is calledthe “server” because it responds to a request for informa-tion. The front-end software is called the “client” becauseit generates the information request. Field panelsinstalled as part of Level 1 or Level 2 monitoring can bestrictly server devices. Field panels installed to meetLevel 3 performance monitoring need client functionalityas they need to generate a response to an event. An eventin this case might be to report an alarm, a change of status,or excessive energy consumption.

7. Event Response. The client functionality required forLevel 3 includes taking action in response to a triggersuch as initiating a demand response to deal with a real-time pricing signal from an energy service provider.These “smart” devices may shed a load or start an alter-native and less expensive source of energy so the owner ofthe facility does not have to pay the high price during ademand peak on the electric grid.

The electric grid delivers electricity from points ofgeneration to consumers, and the electricity deliverynetwork functions via two primary systems: the trans-mission system and the distribution system. The trans-mission system delivers electricity from power plants todistribution substations, while the distribution systemdelivers electricity from distribution substations to con-

sumers. The grid also encompasses myriads of localarea networks that use distributed energy resources toserve local loads and/or to meet specific applicationrequirements for remote power, village or district power,premium power, and critical loads protection.

Historically, the energy service provider would onlyknow that service was out if a customer called to reportan outage. The Smart Grid is an initiative that uses theInternet and BASs in the facility to permit two-waycommunications to allow the energy service provider toreport changes in price or the availability of electricpower. The facility can report internal power qualityproblems or can tell the grid that alternative powersources in the facility are being brought on-line. Theidea of two-way communications from the energy ser-vice provider to the facility to control residential appli-ances such as clothes dryers or air conditioners duringpeak demand periods is not new. Improvements in datacommunications and more sophisticated BASs will per-mit the facility to implement load shedding or to startalternative power sources automatically without humanintervention.

8. The BAS as an Ongoing Commissioning as well as aPerformance Monitoring Tool. BASs used for Level 3performance monitoring may have the capability toundertake commissioning on a regular basis. Under thisprocess, the BAS would report sensor faults or sensorsout of calibration or would report when equipment is notperforming to the original design intent. The BAS woulduse this information to generate an event notification. TheBAS may also relay this information as a client to theEnterprise PM system server to raise a work order to havemaintenance order a part or fix the problem. This willrequire support for data interaction from the BAS to otherapplications.

9. The BAS as an Integral Component for Fault Detec-tion and Diagnosis (FDD). Building designs are becom-ing more complex to meet “green” or sustainabilityrequirements such as those of LEEDX3, Go Green™X4,or Green Globes™X3. BASs can help operators to opti-mize maintenance and equipment performance by usingFDD techniques to identify causes of degraded equip-ment performance and impending equipment failuressuch as miscalibrated temperature sensors, excessoutdoor air during heating mode, inadequate unit airflow,or refrigerant problems in chillers.

FDD is a natural enhancement to monitoring theperformance of an HVAC system. The rating systemsreferred to above require that the system can monitorindoor air quality, energy consumption, and thermalcomfort. In order to sustain the air quality and energytargets over time, the HVAC systems must be properlymaintained. Simple alarms will not catch subtle prob-lems such as miscalibrated temperature sensors orrefrigerant problems in chillers.

FDD techniques have been refined based onresearch funded by ASHRAE and other organizationssuch as NIST. FDD is based on a set of rules for how achiller, boiler, or air-handling unit is supposed to oper-ate. Specifiers using FDD tools should specify the datarequirements the BAS needs to provide in order to sat-



isfy the needs of the FDD software tool. This tool wouldlikely be provided by a third party that would take trend-log data from the BAS and then apply the rules fordetecting the fault. The specifier should lay out the per-formance monitoring requirements and specify the FDDtool or tools to be used to meet the requirements.

Table X.2 lists the BAS characteristics required tomeet the three levels of performance monitoring.

X6. REFERENCES

X1. ASHRAE. 2012. ASHRAE Guideline 22-2012, Instru-mentation for Monitoring Central Chilled-Water PlantEfficiency. Atlanta: ASHRAE.

X2. ASHRAE. 2012. Performance Measurement Protocolsfor Commercial Buildings: Best Practices Guide.Atlanta: ASHRAE.

X3. USGBC. 2013. Leadership in Energy and Environmen-tal Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System.Washington, DC: U.S. Green Building Council.www.usgbc.org/leed

X4. Redleaf Press. 2013. Go Green Rating Scale for EarlyChildhood Settings. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press.www.gogreenratingscale.org

X5. GBI. 2013. Green Globes. Portland, OR: The GreenBuilding Initiative. www.greenglobes.com

X6. ASHRAE. 2006. Sequences of Operation for CommonHVAC Systems. Atlanta: ASHRAE.



TAB

LEX

.2B

AS

Req

uire

men

tsfo

rP

erfo

rman

ceM

onito

ring

Leve

ls1,

2,an

d3

Req

uire

men

tL

evel

1:D

ata

Col

lect

ion

and

Tre

ndin

gL

evel

2:L

evel

1pl

usT

rend

log

Dat

aA

naly

sis

Lev

el3:

Lev

els

1an

d2

plus

Equ

ipm

ent

Fau

ltD

iagn

osis

and

Eve

ntR

espo

nse

Dat

aD

ispl

ays

Softw

are

Req

uire

men

tsT

hesp

ecif

ier

need

sto

dete

rmin

eif

the

BA

Ssu

pplie

rca

npr

ovid

eth

eso

ftw

are

orif

itha

sto

com

efr

oman

othe

rsu

pplie

r.

Lev

el1

issp

ecif

ical

lyde

sign

edso

that

asp

ecif

ier

does

noth

ave

toad

dad

ditio

nal

soft

war

e.T

hest

anda

rdB

AS

fron

t-en

dso

ftw

are

pack

age

will

beab

leto

mee

tLev

el1

data

disp

lay

requ

irem

ents

.

The

BA

Sm

aype

rmit

the

anal

ysis

ofth

etr

endl

ogda

tafr

omth

eeq

uipm

entg

raph

icdi

rect

ly.O

ther

wis

eth

eus

erm

ayha

veto

laun

cha

sepa

rate

appl

icat

ion

and

then

impo

rtth

etr

endl

ogda

taas

time-

valu

epa

irs

into

this

appl

icat

ion.

Itis

likel

yth

atto

mee

tthe

Lev

el3

requ

irem

ents

the

spec

ifie

rw

illha

veto

spec

ify

soft

war

efr

omth

ird

part

ies

that

spec

ializ

ein

auto

mat

edco

mm

issi

onin

g,FD

D,s

ophi

stic

ated

met

erin

g,an

dev

entr

espo

nses

.

Equ

ipm

ent/S

yste

mG

raph

icM

ostB

ASs

can

pres

entd

ata

ona

floo

rpl

anor

equi

pmen

tgra

phic

.

Floo

rpl

anw

ithzo

nete

mpe

ratu

res;

syst

emgr

aphi

cw

ithpe

rfor

man

ceda

tafr

omtr

endl

ogs

only

that

may

beac

cess

edfr

oma

link

onth

eeq

uipm

entg

raph

ic.

Add

perf

orm

ance

data

toth

eeq

uipm

entg

raph

ic.

Lev

el2

grap

hics

wou

ldm

eett

here

quir

emen

tsfo

rL

evel

3.A

dditi

onal

grap

hics

tom

eetL

evel

3w

ould

bepr

ovid

edby

the

thir

d-pa

rty

soft

war

eto

ols

requ

ired

for

the

proj

ect.

Dat

aTa

bles

Mos

tBA

Ssca

npr

esen

trea

l-tim

eda

tain

tabu

lar

form

.

Bui

ldin

gai

rhan

dler

sum

mar

yta

ble

asde

scri

bed

inFi

gure

5.E

xpan

dbu

ildin

gai

rhan

dler

sum

mar

yta

ble,

add

floo

rzo

neta

ble,

expa

ndm

etri

csre

sults

tabl

eto

incl

ude

addi

tiona

lmet

rics

such

asen

ergy

targ

ets.

Exp

and

met

ric

resu

ltsta

ble

toin

clud

ead

ditio

nal

met

rics

such

asth

epe

rfor

man

ceof

spec

ific

piec

esof

equi

pmen

tor

the

dem

and

resp

onse

sequ

ence

(e.g

.,st

artin

ga

gene

rato

ror

incr

ease

sin

spac

ete

mpe

ratu

rese

tpoi

nts)

.

Tren

dlog

sSy

stem

perf

orm

ance

tren

dlog

sov

era

time

seri

esth

atis

spec

ifie

dby

the

spec

ifie

r.

Col

lect

the

follo

win

gtr

endl

ogs

(ins

tant

aneo

us,

aver

age

over

the

inte

rval

,max

imum

duri

ngth

ein

terv

al,m

inim

umdu

ring

the

inte

rval

)w

itha

com

mon

time

inte

rval

(e.g

.,fr

om1

to30

min

):•

Chi

lled-

wat

er-p

lant

delta

-T•

Chi

lled-

wat

er-p

lant

tons

•O

utdo

orai

rte

mpe

ratu

re(d

ry-b

ulb

tem

pera

ture

)•

Out

door

air

wet

-bul

bte

mpe

ratu

re•

Out

door

-air

-tem

pera

ture

frac

tion

•O

utdo

or-a

ir-d

ampe

rfr

actio

n•

Met

erda

ta(g

as,w

ater

,ele

ctri

city

,ste

am,

chill

ed-w

ater

flow

,etc

.)

Add

equi

pmen

tper

form

ance

plot

san

dth

ird-

part

yso

ftw

are

tocr

eate

thes

epl

ots

Add

syst

eman

deq

uipm

entd

iagn

ostic

plot

sas

wel

las

soft

war

eto

perm

itin

tero

pera

ble

resp

onse

sto

thes

eev

ents

.




X-Y

Gro

upTr

end

Plo

tsT

his

func

tiona

lity

isno

rmal

lyno

tpar

tof

ast

anda

rdB

AS

soft

war

epa

ckag

e.T

hesp

ecif

ier

may

requ

ire

BA

Str

endl

ogda

tato

beex

port

edin

afo

rmat

that

can

beco

nsum

edby

soft

war

eto

bepr

ovid

edby

the

BA

Ssu

pplie

rvi

aa

subc

ontr

act

orfr

oma

thir

dpa

rty.

Alte

rnat

ivel

y,th

esp

ecif

ier

can

requ

ire

X-Y

plot

sto

bebu

iltus

ing

asp

read

shee

ttoo

lsuc

has

Mic

roso

ftE

xcel

.

Not

avai

labl

eat

this

leve

l.A

ddX

-Ypl

ots

(X-Y

plot

spl

otda

tafr

omon

etr

endl

ogag

ains

tano

ther

tren

dlog

colle

cted

atL

evel

1):

•C

hille

d-w

ater

-pla

ntde

lta-T

and

chill

ed-w

ater

-pl

antt

ons

vs.o

utdo

orai

rte

mpe

ratu

re•

Chi

lled-

wat

er-p

lant

pow

ervs

.chi

lled-

wat

er-

plan

tton

s•

Chi

lled-

wat

er-p

lant

kilo

wat

tspe

rto

nvs

.ou

tdoo

rai

rte

mpe

ratu

re,o

utdo

orai

rw

et-b

ulb

tem

pera

ture

,and

chill

ed-w

ater

-pla

ntto

ns•

HV

AC

pow

ervs

.out

door

air

tem

pera

ture

,ou

tdoo

rair

wet

-bul

bte

mpe

ratu

re,a

ndch

illed

-w

ater

-pla

ntto

ns•

Tota

lgas

flow

vs.o

utdo

orai

rte

mpe

ratu

re•

Out

door

-air

-tem

pera

ture

frac

tion

vs.o

utdo

or-

air-

dam

per

frac

tion

•W

hole

-bui

ldin

gel

ectr

icen

ergy

-use

inte

nsity

,w

hole

-bui

ldin

gH

VA

Cel

ectr

icen

ergy

-use

inte

nsity

,who

le-b

uild

ing

natu

ral-

gas

ener

gy-

use

inte

nsity

,and

who

le-b

uild

ing

wat

er-u

sein

tens

ityvs

.ave

rage

daily

outd

oor

air

tem

pera

ture

•C

hille

rki

low

atts

per

ton

vs.c

onde

nser

ente

ring

-wat

erte

mpe

ratu

rean

dch

iller

tons

•C

hille

rpo

wer

vs.c

hille

rto

ns•

Who

le-b

uild

ing

HV

AC

elec

tric

ener

gy-u

sein

tens

ity,t

otal

boile

rgas

ener

gy-u

sein

tens

ity,

who

le-b

uild

ing

light

ing

ener

gy-u

sein

tens

ity,

and

who

le-b

uild

ing

plug

ener

gy-u

sein

tens

ityvs

.ave

rage

daily

outd

oor

air

tem

pera

ture

Add

X-Y

plot

diag

nost

ics:

•A

vera

geda

ilych

illed

-wat

ersu

pply

tem

pera

ture

,dai

lych

illed

-wat

er-p

lant

effi

cien

cy,a

ndda

ilyto

talc

hille

d-w

ater

-pla

ntel

ectr

icity

use

vs.a

vera

geda

ilyou

tdoo

rai

rte

mpe

ratu

re,w

hen

atle

asto

nech

illed

-wat

erpu

mp

isru

nnin

g•

Ave

rage

daily

boile

ref

fici

ency

,dai

lyto

tal

boile

r-he

atin

g-sy

stem

ther

mal

outp

ut,d

aily

tota

lHV

AC

gas

use,

and

daily

tota

lHV

AC

gas

ener

gyvs

.ave

rage

daily

outd

oor

air

tem

pera

ture

,whe

nat

leas

tone

hot-

wat

erpu

mp

isru

nnin

g•

Dai

lyto

tala

ir-h

andl

ervo

lum

e,av

erag

eda

ilyai

r-ha

ndle

ref

fici

ency

,and

daily

tota

lair

-ha

ndle

rel

ectr

icity

use

vs.a

vera

geda

ilyou

tdoo

rai

rte

mpe

ratu

re,w

hen

atle

asto

neai

rha

ndle

ris

runn

ing

•A

vera

geda

ilybu

ildin

gpo

wer

vs.a

vera

geda

ilyou

tdoo

rai

rte

mpe

ratu

re•

Dai

lyH

VA

Cen

ergy

-use

inte

nsity

vs.a

vera

geda

ilyou

tdoo

rai

rte

mpe

ratu

re•

Ave

rage

build

ing

air-

hand

ler

vari

able

-fr

eque

ncy-

driv

efr

eque

ncy

and

aver

age

build

ing

duct

stat

icpr

essu

revs

.out

door

air

tem

pera

ture

Poi

nts

(Obj

ects

)

TAB

LEX

.2B

AS

Req

uire

men

tsfo

rP

erfo

rman

ceM

onito

ring

Leve

ls1,

2,an

d3

(Con

tinue

d)

Req

uire

men

tL

evel

1:D

ata

Col

lect

ion

and

Tre

ndin

gL

evel

2:L

evel

1pl

usT

rend

log

Dat

aA

naly

sis

Lev

el3:

Lev

els

1an

d2

plus

Equ

ipm

ent

Fau

ltD

iagn

osis

and

Eve

ntR

espo

nse




Mea

sure

dT

hesp

ecif

ier

need

sto

incl

ude

thes

epo

ints

(obj

ects

)in

the

proj

ectP

oint

sL

istS

ched

ule.

•O

utdo

orai

rte

mpe

ratu

re•

Out

door

air

wet

-bul

bte

mpe

ratu

re•

Mai

npo

wer

•M

ain

natu

ral-

gas

flow

•M

ain

wat

erfl

ow•

Chi

ller

pow

er•

Oth

erch

illed

-wat

er-p

lant

equi

pmen

tpow

er•

Plan

tchi

lled-

wat

ersu

pply

tem

pera

ture

•Pl

antc

hille

d-w

ater

retu

rnte

mpe

ratu

re•

Plan

tchi

lled-

wat

erfl

owra

te•

Air

-han

dler

mix

edai

rte

mpe

ratu

re,r

etur

nai

rte

mpe

ratu

re,a

ndsu

pply

air

tem

pera

ture

•A

ir-h

andl

ersu

pply

-fan

and

retu

rn-f

anpo

wer

•A

ir-h

andl

erfl

owra

te•

Zon

ete

mpe

ratu

res;

air-

hand

ler

duct

stat

icpr

essu

re;s

uppl

yai

rhot

duct

stat

icpr

essu

re,i

fdu

aldu

ct•

Term

inal

unit

supp

ly-a

irfl

ow,s

uppl

yai

rte

mpe

ratu

re;i

fdu

aldu

ct,s

uppl

yai

rhe

atin

g-du

ctfl

owan

dsu

pply

air

heat

ing-

duct

tem

pera

ture

•L

ight

ing-

circ

uitp

ower

•Pl

ug-c

ircu

itpo

wer

•R

ooft

op-u

nitp

ower

•O

ther

HV

AC

-equ

ipm

entp

ower

•C

hille

rch

illed

-wat

ersu

pply

tem

pera

ture

•C

hille

rch

illed

-wat

erre

turn

tem

pera

ture

•C

hille

rch

illed

-wat

erfl

owra

te•

Boi

ler

gas

flow

•B

oile

rho

t-w

ater

supp

lyte

mpe

ratu

re•

Boi

ler

hot-

wat

erre

turn

tem

pera

ture

•B

oile

rho

t-w

ater

flow

rate

•A

ir-h

andl

ersu

pply

-fan

vari

able

-fre

quen

cy-

driv

efr

eque

ncy

•Pl

antc

onde

nser

-wat

ersu

pply

tem

pera

ture

•Pl

antc

onde

nser

-wat

erre

turn

tem

pera

ture

•Pl

antc

onde

nser

-wat

erfl

owra

te•

Roo

ftop

-uni

tgas

flow

rate

•H

VA

C-h

eate

rga

sfl

owra

te

Add

:•

Info

rmat

ion

from

devi

ces

such

asch

iller

sth

atca

non

lybe

obta

ined

bym

akin

ga

netw

ork

conn

ectio

nto

the

chill

erco

ntro

lpan

el:

•C

hille

rbe

arin

gte

mpe

ratu

re•

Chi

ller

effe

ctiv

ese

tpoi

nt(t

his

isth

eva

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• Annexes: outline of example specification, BACnet dis-cussion, interoperability case studies, performance mon-itoring.

Once the facility’s needs have been defined in terms of thenumber of HVAC systems, user requirements, number ofpoints, and criteria, the system designer can complete thedesign of the DDC system.

If an owner desires to include performance monitoring aspart of the project requirements, the specification will need todefine the functional capability that is desired. This includesthe required monitoring points and performance metrics,system accuracy, network throughput and enhanced datamanagement, and graphical data displays. Detailed examplespecifications can be found in Annex X.

This section should contain a narrative description of thesystem. This description could include the type of architec-ture, communication technology, panel layout, use of DDC vs.conventional controls, operator interfaces, and any special orunusual hardware or operating features. In addition, if perfor-mance monitoring or event response are to be included asdescribed in Annex X, descriptions of these capabilitiesshould be included. The purpose is to provide the reader withinsight into the design intent. This section should be an over-view of the project, highlighting any special requirementsassociated with its implementation. It is not meant to describeevery detail of the control system design and installation.

Project Considerations: This first example is genericand may or may not result in a Web-based interface, butincludes performance monitoring and event response capabil-ity.

This second example is for a full Web-based interfacewith performance monitoring and event response.

This third example is for a Web-compatible interface withperformance monitoring and event response.

In Section 3.3, Organization of the Guideline, modify thefifth bullet describing the parts of the document as follows.

Add the following paragraph to the end of section 5.2,Defining Project Scope.

In the first paragraph of Section 7.5, Description of DDCSystem, add a new sentence as follows.

Edit the Project Considerations for Section 7.5, Descriptionof DDC System, to include performance monitoring andevent response in the system descriptions and example spec-ification language for each of the three examples.

1.5 DESCRIPTION

A. General: The control system shall consist of ahigh-speed, peer-to-peer network of DDCcontrollers and an operator workstation. Theoperator workstation shall provide for overallsystem supervision and configuration, graphi-cal user interface, management report genera-tion, and alarm annunciation.

B. Performance Monitoring: The BAS will providethe specified performance monitoring function-ality, including required monitoring points andperformance metrics, improved through

system accuracy, data acquisition and datamanagement capabilities, and required graph-ical and data displays.

C. Event Response: The BAS will provide thespecified operational changes based on eventresponse from the energy service provider.

1.5 DESCRIPTION

A. General: The control system shall consist of ahigh-speed, peer-to-peer network of DDCcontrollers, a control system server, and anoperator workstation.

B. System software shall be based on a server/thin-client architecture, designed around theopen standards of web technology. The controlsystem server shall be accessed using a Webbrowser over the control system network, theOwner’s local area network, and remotely overthe Internet (through the Owner’s LAN).

C. The intent of the thin-client architecture is toprovide operators complete access to thecontrol system via a Web browser. No specialsoftware other than a Web browser shall berequired to access graphics, point displays, andtrends, configure trends, configure points andcontrollers, or to edit programming.

D. Performance Monitoring: The BAS will providethe specified performance monitoring function-ality, including required monitoring points andperformance metrics, improved throughsystem accuracy, data acquisition and datamanagement capabilities, and required graph-ical and data displays.

E. Event Response: The BAS will provide thespecified operational changes based on eventresponse from the energy service provider.

1.5 DESCRIPTION

A. General: The control system shall consist of ahigh-speed, peer-to-peer network of DDCcontrollers, a control system server, and/or anoperator workstation.

B. The control system server and/or operatorworkstation shall provide for overall systemsupervision and configuration, graphical userinterface, management report generation, andalarm annunciation.

C. The system shall support web browser accessto the building data. A remote user using a stan-dard web browser shall be able to access the



Reporting Accuracy: Reporting accuracy per applicationis listed for end-to-end performance. These include the effectsof device accuracy, A/D (analog to digital) conversion in thecontroller, and any loss in data transmission. The values shownin Table 1 of the system performance excerpt below are shownfor typical HVAC applications. Industrial and process appli-cations may require higher accuracy. For example, the typicalaccuracy listed for a relative humidity sensor is ±5% in acomfort cooling and monitoring application. This can be metwith a standard commercial grade device. However, a printingplant application may require humidity control of ±1%. Spec-ifying this greater accuracy will result in the selection of anindustrial grade device that may cost five to ten times morethan the commercial sensor used for space monitoring.

Control Stability and Accuracy: The stability and accu-racy of the controlled variable (e.g., temperature, pressure,humidity) is a function of the programming and tuning of thecontrol loops of the working system. The stability is alsodependent on properly sized and installed mechanical compo-nents.

Project Considerations: All of the performance values(e.g., times and accuracy) should be reviewed and possiblyedited for a given project. In particular, the performance valuesmay not be achievable by the product lines that are listed inPart 1, “Approved Control System Subcontractors and Manu-facturers,” or the products in Part 2. Even if they are achiev-able, the system required may be more expensive than a typicalDDC system or that covered by the project budget.

control system graphics and change adjustablesetpoints with the proper password.

D. Performance Monitoring: The BAS will providethe specified performance monitoring function-ality, including required monitoring points andperformance metrics, improved throughsystem accuracy, data acquisition and datamanagement capabilities, and required graph-ical and data displays.

E. Event Response: The BAS will provide thespecified operational changes based on eventresponse from the energy service provider.

In Section 7.9, System Performance, move the paragraphson reporting accuracy and control stability and accuracy,along with the associated items in the guide spec language,to their own section. Provide specific guidance and tablesfor reporting accuracy and control stability for a typicalBAS.

1.9 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

A. Performance Standards. System shall conformto the following minimum standards overnetwork connections:1. Graphic Display. A graphic with 20 dynamic

points shall display with current data within10 s.

2. Graphic Refresh. A graphic with 20dynamic points shall update with current

data within 8 s.3. Object Command. Devices shall react to

command of a binary object within 2 s.Devices shall begin reacting to commandof an analog object within 2 s.

4. Object Scan. Data used or displayed at acontroller or workstation shall have beencurrent within the previous 6 s.

5. Alarm Response Time. An object that goesinto alarm shall be annunciated at the work-station within 45 s.

6. Program Execution Frequency. Customand standard applications shall be capableof running as often as once every 5 s.Select execution times consistent with themechanical process under control.

7. Performance. Programmable controllersshall be able to completely execute DDCPID control loops at a frequency adjustabledown to once per second. Select executiontimes consistent with the mechanicalprocess under control.

8. Multiple Alarm Annunciation. Each work-station on the network shall receive alarmswithin 5 s of other workstations.

9. Reporting Accuracy. System shall reportvalues with minimum end-to-end accuracylisted in Table 1.

10. Control Stability and Accuracy. Controlloops shall maintain measured variable atsetpoint within tolerances listed in Table 2.

TABLE 1 Reporting Accuracy

Measured Variable Reported Accuracy

Space temperature ±0.5°C (±1°F)

Ducted air ±0.5°C (±1°F)

Outside air ±1.0°C (±2°F)

Dew point ±1.5°C (±3°F)

Water temperature ±0.5°C (±1°F)

Delta-T ±0.15°C (±0.25°F)

Relative humidity ±5% RH

Water flow ±2% of full scale

Airflow (terminal) ±10% of full scale (see Note 1)

Airflow (measuring stations) ±5% of full scale

Airflow (pressurized spaces) ±3% of full scale

Air pressure (ducts) ±25 Pa (±0.1 in. w.g.)

Air pressure (space) ±3 Pa (±0.01 in. w.g.)

Water pressure ±2% of full scale (see Note 2)



Reporting Accuracy: Reporting accuracy per applicationis listed for end-to-end performance. These include the effectsof device accuracy, A/D (analog to digital) conversion in thecontroller, and any loss in data transmission. The values shownin Table 1 of the system performance excerpt below are shownfor typical HVAC applications. Industrial and process appli-cations may require higher accuracy. For example, the typicalaccuracy listed for a relative humidity sensor is ±5% in acomfort cooling and monitoring application. This can be metwith a standard commercial-grade device. However, a printingplant application may require humidity control of ±1%. Spec-ifying this greater accuracy will result in the selection of anindustrial-grade device that may cost five to ten times morethan the commercial sensor used for space monitoring.

Control Stability and Accuracy: The stability and accu-racy of the controlled variable (e.g., temperature, pressure,humidity) is a function of the programming and tuning of thecontrol loops of the working BAS. The stability is also depen-dent on properly sized and installed mechanical components.

Electrical(A, V, W, power factor) ±1% of reading (see Note 3)

Carbon monoxide (CO) ±5% of reading

Carbon dioxide (CO2) ±50 ppm

Note 1: Accuracy applies to 10%–100% of scaleNote 2: For both absolute and differential pressureNote 3: Not including utility-supplied meters

TABLE 2 Control Stability and Accuracy

ControlledVariable

ControlAccuracy

Range ofMedium

Air pressure ±50 Pa (±0.2 in. w.g.)±3 Pa (±0.01 in. w.g.)

0–1.5 kPa (0–6 in. w.g.)–25 to 25 Pa

(–0.1 to 0.1 in. w.g.)

Airflow ±10% of full scale

Spacetemperature ±1.0°C (±2.0°F)

Ducttemperature ±1.5°C (±3°F)

Humidity ±5% RH

Fluid pressure ±10 kPa (±1.5 psi)±250 Pa (±1.0 in. w.g.)

0–1 MPa (1–150 psi)0–12.5 kPa

(0–50 in. w.g.)differential



9. Reporting Accuracy. System shall report values with minimum end-to-end accuracy listed in Table 1.10. Control Stability and Accuracy. Control loops shall maintain measured variable at setpoint within toler-

ances listed in Table 1 under “Accuracy Required for Control.”

TABLE 1 Sensors, Meters, Calculated Values, and Required Accuracies

#

ObjectDescription

and Locationif Applicable

Sensoror

ValueType

Sensor Type orCalculation

Method

ExpectedRange

RequiredEnd-to-EndAccuracy

DisplayResolution

RefreshInterval,

min

TrendInterval,

min

AccuracyRequired

for Control

S1AmbientDry-Bulb

TemperatureAI

Locate in weatherstation or ventilatedenclosure in fullyshaded location

away from thermalmass bodies

–29°C to 40°C(–20°F to 120°F)

±0.5°C(±0.1°F)

±0.25°C(±0.5°F)

1 10±1.0°C(±2°F)

S2AmbientWet-Bulb

TemperatureAI



–29°C to 40°C(–20°F to 120°F)

±1.5°C(±3.0°F)

±0.25°C(±0.5°F)

1 10±1.5°C(±3°F)

S6BuildingMainMeter Power

AI/BI(pulse)

True RMS —±1.0% ofreading

1.0 kW 1 1 1.0 kW

S8Zone (Space)Temperatures

AI10000 ohm

thermistor or1000 ohm RTD

–1°C to 38°C(30°F to 100°F)

±0.5°C(±0.1°F)

±0.25°C(±0.1°F)

1 1±0.5°C(±1°F)

S9CarbonDioxide

AINondispersiveinfrared sensor

technology0 to 2000 ppm ±50 ppm 50 ppm 1 1 50 ppm

S10Carbon

MonoxideAI

Electrochemicalsensor

0 to 100 ppm ±5ppm 50 ppm 1 1 50 ppm

S11Air Pressure

(Ducts)AI

Variablecapacitance

0 to 2 kPa(0 to 8 in. w.g.)

±25 Pa(±0.1 in. w.g.)

125 Pa(±0.5 in. w.g.)

1 125 Pa

(0.1 in. w.g.)

S12Air Pressure

(Space)AI

Variablecapacitance

–25 to 25 Pa(–0.1 to 0.1 in. w.g.)

±3 Pa(±0.01 in. w.g.)

3 Pa(±0.01 in. w.g.)

1 11.3 Pa(0.005

in. w.g.)

S13Water

PressureAI —

0 to 1 kPa(0 to 150 psi)

±2% offull scale

7 kPa(1 psi)

1 13.5 kPa(0.5 psi)

S14Water

TemperatureAI —

(0°C to 107°C)(32°F to 225°F)

±0.5°C(±1°F)

±0.5°C(±1°F)

1 1±0.5°C(±1°F)

S15 Delta-T AI

10000 ohmthermistor or

1000 ohm RTDmatched pair

—±0.15°C

(±0.25°F)±0.25°C(±0.5°F)

1 1±0.15°C

(±0.25°F)

S16Relative

HumidityAI — 0% to 100% ±5% RH 5% 1 1 ±5% RH

S17 Water Flow AI — —±2% ofreading

1000 L/s(5 gpm)

1 1

S18Ducted Air

TemperatureAI

10000 ohmthermistor or

1000 ohm RTD

7°C to 60°C(45°F to 140°F)

±0.5°C(±1°F)

±0.5°C(±1°F)

1 1±0.5°C(±1°F)



S19

Electrical(A, V, W,

Power FactorNot Specified

Elsewhere)

AI/BI(pulse)

True RMS,three-phase,

stand-alone analogor pulse output ornetworked meter;

use maximumresolution ifpulse output

—±1% of

full scale0.1 1 1 —

S28Airflow Rate(Measuring

Stations)AI

Electronic ordifferential pressure

—

±5% ofreadingdown to0.75 m/s

(150 ft/min)

0.05 L/s(0.1 cfm)

1 1

±5% ofreadingdown to0.75 m/s

(150 ft/min)

S30Airflow

(Terminal)AI

Electronic ordifferential pressure

—±10% ofreading

47 L/s(100 cfm)

1 1±10% ofreading

S31Airflow

(PressurizedSpaces)

AIElectronic or

differential pressure—

±3% ofreading

24 L/s(50 cfm)

1 1±3% ofreading

AI = analog input; BI = binary input; calculated = value calculated by the DDC hardware or BAS software



Performance Monitoring. Specifying higher-qualitysensors may be required when implementing a performancemonitoring system in order to obtain desired accuracy andrepeatability of measured and calculated performance metricindices. Levels 1 and 2 as described inAnnex X can be accom-

plished with the instrumentation typically installed in a BAS,as shown in Table 1 in the example above. In the examplebelow, Table 1 reflects the required reporting accuracy for aLevel 3 system as described inAnnex X. Special considerationshould also be given to communication for performance moni-toring applications, due to the additional bandwidth that maybe required to provide the required sampling rate for allobjects.

Add a paragraph on performance monitoring, along with atable that could be used to specify Level 2 or 3 performancemonitoring as described in the new Annex X.

11. Reporting Accuracy. System shall report values with minimum end-to-end accuracy listed in Table 1.12. Control Stability and Accuracy. Control loops shall maintain measured variable at setpoint within toler-

ances listed in Table 1 under “Accuracy Required for Control.”

TABLE 1 Sensors, Meters, Calculated Values, and Required Accuracies

#

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and Locationif Applicable

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ValueType

Sensor Type orCalculation

Method

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RequiredEnd-to-EndAccuracy

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min

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min

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for Control

S1AmbientDry-Bulb

TemperatureAI



–29°C to 40°C(–20°F to 120°F)

±0.2°C(±0.35°F)

±0.01°C(±0.02°F)

1 10±1.0°C(±2°F)

S2AmbientWet-Bulb

TemperatureAI

Documents

ASHRAE Addenda g, h, and i to ASHRAE Guideline 13-2007 Library/Technical Resources...2 ASHRAEAddendum g toASHRAE Guideline 13-2007 how a building under review compares to another building