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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
(AP-IS) AND ASIAN HIGHWAY NETWORK
ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division
ESCAP
13 December 2017
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
MESSAGE 1: DIGITAL DIVIDE IS
WIDENING
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
3
0
10
20
30
40
Fix
ed-b
road
ban
d s
ub
. p
er 1
00
in
hab
itan
ts
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Africa ESCAP
Europe North America
Latin America & Caribbean
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World
Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (accessed July 2017).
Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100
inhabitants (average) by region, 2000–2016
Widening gap between developing and developed countries
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
4
Widening gap within Asia-Pacific as well
0.030.10.10.10.10.10.20.20.30.60.80.91.21.41.41.61.81.91.9
2.83.03.83.94.14.1
5.55.7
7.27.68.38.79.19.59.910.110.110.7
11.613.113.613.7
15.818.619.419.5
21.022.9
25.430.030.4
31.532.4
35.541.1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Fixed Broadband Sub. per 100 Inhabitants
AfghanistanMyanmarTajikistan
TurkmenistanKiribati
Timor-LesteSolomon Islands
Papua New GuineaLao P.D.R.Cambodia
NepalPakistanSamoa
FijiIndia
VanuatuGuam*
Marshall IslandsIndonesia
TongaMicronesiaBangladesh
BhutanKyrgyzstanSri Lanka
PhilippinesPalau*
MaldivesMongolia
Brunei DarussalamMalaysia
UzbekistanNauru*
Viet NamTuvalu
ArmeniaThailand
Iran (I.R.)Cook Islands*
TurkeyKazakhstan
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
French PolynesiaRussian Federation
New Caledonia*China
SingaporeMacao, China
AustraliaJapan
New ZealandHong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
Note: * - Countries with latest data available.
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World
Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (accessed July 2017).
Note: *excluding Guam
2016
Turkmenistan
Afghanistan
Timor-Leste
Myanmar
Bangladesh
Papua New Guinea
Nepal
Lao P.D.R.
Tajikistan
Samoa
Vanuatu
Pakistan
Cambodia
Uzbekistan
Bhutan
Solomon Islands
Kyrgyzstan
Iran (I.R.)
Indonesia
India
Armenia
Sri Lanka
Palau
Azerbaijan
Tonga
Kiribati
Philippines
Mongolia
Fiji
Guam
Kazakhstan
Viet Nam
Georgia
Tuvalu
Thailand
Brunei Darussalam
Malaysia
Maldives
Cook Islands
China
Russian Federation
Turkey
French Polynesia
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Singapore
Japan
Macao, China
Australia
Hong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
2008
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
5
Least affordable when least connected
Afghanistan
ArmeniaAzerbaijan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Cambodia
China
GeorgiaIndia
Indonesia
Iran (I.R.)
JapanKazakhstanKorea (Rep.)
Kyrgyzstan
Lao P.D.R.
Malaysia
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Russian FederationSingaporeSri Lanka
Tajikistan
Thailand
TurkeyTurkmenistan
UzbekistanViet Nam
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Fix
ed
-bro
ad
ban
d p
rices a
s %
of
GN
I p
er
cap
ita
Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Fitted trend (logarithmic)
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World
Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (accessed July 2017).
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
MESSAGE 2: DEPLOYMENT OF
INFRASTRUCTURE AND AP-IS
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Good competition
•Terrestrial & submarine TX
Poor competition All submarine TX
Why bandwidth is expensive in Asia?
Fierce competition
•Coast-coast terrestrial TX
Broadband’s
biggest barrier
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
The Asia-Pacific Information
Superhighway initiative aims to increase
the availability and affordability of
broadband Internet across Asia and the
Pacific, by strengthening the underlying
Internet infrastructure in the region.
8
• Promote terrestrial and submarine fibre-optic connectivity
• Provide a regional intergovernmental platform focusing on the missing fibre-optic links between ESCAP countries
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
9
• Bridging digital divides
• Promoting affordability to
underserved areas
• Efficient Internet traffic
management
• Resilient ICT networks
• Ensuring last-mile disaster
communication
• Can withstand disasters
Four Pillars of AP-IS
• Physical network design
• Intergovernmental negotiation
• Asian Highway amendment to
include co-deployment CONNECTIVITY
E-RESILIENCE
TRAFFIC /
NETWORK
MANAGEMENT
BROADBAND
FOR ALL
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
MESSAGE 3: STRONG
INTERGOVERNMENTAL
SUPPORT
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
ESCAP resolutions
• AP-IS is supported by three ESCAP Resolutions:
69/10, 71/10 and 73/6
11
• Specifically in ESCAP Resolution 71/10,
Secretariat is requested to:
• explore further ways to harness cross-sectoral
synergies, including through the review of best
practices
• recommend solutions to leverage synergies
among ICT, energy and transport
infrastructures
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
AP-IS and Co-deployment
12
• The AP-IS Master Plan and Regional
Cooperation Framework Document, as
endorsed by ESCAP Resolution 73/6,
identifies the co-deployment of fiber optic
cables along highways and railways as a cost-
effective means of increasing the availability of
broadband infrastructure, especially in
unconnected or underserved rural areas
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
13
Decisions by ICT, and Transport,
Committees in 2014
• In 2014, Committees on ICT and Transport
recommended that consideration should be
given to amending the Intergovernmental
Agreement on the Asian Highway Network to
encourage signatories to consider co-
deployment
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
MESSAGE 1:CO-DEPLOYMENT
BRINGS NET BENEFITS
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
15
Message 4: Benefits of co-deployment
Seamlessregional
connectivity
Bridging the digital divide
Revenue generation
• Asian Highway offers seamless regional
connectivity
• Leverage on this passive infrastructure to augment
infrastructure seamlessly
• Road Transport Authorities earn additional
revenue
• Cost of deployment reduced for the civil
engineering work
• More ICT networks and services to
under-serviced areas
Cost saving
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
AP-IS and SDGs
16
Inclusive Broadband
•Availability: Co-deployment will increase coverage of broadband networks
•Affordability: Co-deployment will reduce costs
•E-resilience: building redundancies contribute toimproving resilience of these networks to disaster
• Intelligent transport systems
• Smart cities
• State-of-the art dry port hubs
• Paperless trade • E-commerce etc.
Inclusive
SDGs
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
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The Energy-, information- and transportation- network
Source:Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO)
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY18
Energy&
Information
• The energy network
leverages on the
information network
• The energy network
supports the expansion of
the information network
EV+ charging station
Sustainable Energy&
Transportation
• Sustainable energy
network as a provider of
power for vehicles
• Vehicles are both energy
consumers and means of
energy transport
Transportation&
Information
• ICT improves the
information exchange of
transport network
• As a passive infrastructure, transport network and related facilities expand coverage and functioning of information network
Energy&Information & Transportation
The three major
networks have
displayed a gradual
integrating trend with
electricity as the
driving force and
data as the link
Smart energy Automatic drive Smart city
The Present Integrating Trend of the Three Networks
Source:GEIDCO
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
19
Challenges
•Cooperation across sectors -Structure/mechanism/regulatory
•Right-of-way/open access
•Sharing of revenues/fee structures
•Ownership of infrastructure
Address through technical studies, good practices and
amendment to the Agreement
Synergies between ICT and Transport
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
20
Amend the Asian Highway Agreement to capture
the benefits of co-deployment• The Government of Bangladesh, following the endorsement of its Prime
Minister, submitted to the secretariat a proposed amendment to Annex II
of the Asian Highway Network Agreement
“There is an opportunity to leverage synergies between the
concomitant deployment of optical fibre cables during the
construction or maintenance of the Asian Highway Network. Such
co-deployment would create additional cross-country internet
transmission routes which would contribute to the reduction of the
digital divide in the ESCAP region. In this regard, parties shall
endeavor to utilize the right-of-way of the Asian Highway Network
for the co-deployment of optical fibre cables across and within
countries”.
• The amendment is now up for consideration and adoption at this 7th
Session of the Working Group on the Asian Highway network
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
21
Thank you!
Email: [email protected]