ATHIRA VENUGOPAL(B070528CE)

LIJIN K (B060461CE)

NIKHIL MENON(B060496CE)

NIKHIL SURESH(B070136CE)

SREEYESH HARIDAS (B070

One of the major aspect of urbanization: no. of vehicles on

the road

Increase in financial capacities of man leads to increase in

vehicles on the roads which leads to congestion, traffic issues

Problems related to Traffic: frequent traffic snarls,

congestion, delays in commute

Intersection Studies aims at estimating traffic scenario by

means of surveys.

Nerve centre of commercial activities in kerala

Major port; connected to other parts of the world through modes of transport

Population: 5.95 lakh, area: 94.88 sq km, population density: 6277 persons per sq km

2000 vehicles registered per month, 85% are private ones

Over crowded due to vehicles and poor infrastructure.

Vytilla junction, located on NH 47

Largest traffic junction in terms of traffic volume, spatial

parameters

Meeting point for all intercity and intra city roads

4 armed cross roads, traffic control is signalized

According to NATPAC study (2006), Vytilla junction generates

8721 PCU in the peak hour

Other factors: non availability of bus bays, various types of

encroachments, lack of adequate link roads, lack of awareness

of traffic rules by the public

Current study aims at determining the current traffic volume

situation

done by surveys

Based on the result, improvements measures can be suggested.

Data collection

Choice of survey method

Estimation of peak hour

Video survey

Analysis of the video survey

Inference

Vytilla junction visited by the team on 16/09/2010

Initial observation in terms traffic, signaling and geometry

were studied.

Adequate permission taken from Cochin Corporation and

National Highways Authority of India for survey.

Permission granted and survey date set for November.

Common technique involves employing personnel and counting the traffic volume w.r.t the various vehicle classifications in terms of Passenger Car Units (PCU)

labour intensive, requires skilled labour, proper supervision and is high on cost.

Modern day technique-install video cameras and analyse the flow of traffic.

cheap and no skilled labour required.

This method has been adopted for the estimation of traffic flow in the current study.

Morning peak hour: 8am-10am

Evening peak hour: 04:30pm-07:30pm

majority of the traffic is urban in nature with commutes to schools,

colleges, work places dominating the peak hour traffic volume

Upon the suggestion of Cochin corporation and National Highway

Authority of India, the morning and evening peak hours that we have

taken are:

Morning peak hour: 9:45 AM-10:45 AM

Evening peak hour: 04:45 PM-05:45 PM

Video camera was placed on top of the Cochin Corporation

Building, Vytilla on 09/11/2010 for estimation of traffic flow

survey was conducted in the morning and evening

Urban roads characterised by mixed traffic conditions

To make it easier, we express the capacity of roads in terms of

a common unit.

This unit is „Passenger Car Unit‟ (PCU), and each vehicle type

is converted into equivalent PCUs based on their relative

interference value.

Peak hour Traffic Volume – Morning Peak (in terms of the number of Vehicles).

Total traffic volume(morning peak): 8126 vehicles per hour

Motorized two wheelers constitutes 44%

Cars/Vans constitute 25%

Buses constitute 12%

Motorized Three Wheelers constitutes 11%

Non Motorized two wheelers constitute 0.15%.

Total Traffic Volume (morning peak hour )= 11348 PCU

Buses/Trucks constitute about 31%

Motorized Two Wheelers (24%)

Cars/Van (18%)

Motorized Three Wheelers (16%)

LCV (12%)

Non Motorized Two Wheelers constitute the least (0.05%)

Total Traffic Volume (evening peak hour) = 6264 Vehicles per Hour

motorized two wheelers dominate the traffic flow with a composition of nearly 35%

Cars/Vans which constitute 31%

Buses constitute 12%

Motorized Three Wheelers, 12%

Non Motorized two wheelers constitute the least to the traffic with a composition of just 0.35%

Total Traffic Volume (evening peak hour) = 9073 PCU

Buses/Trucks constitute about 30%

Motorized Two Wheelers (21%)

Cars/Van (18%)

Motorized Three Wheelers (16%)

LCV (14%)

Non Motorized Two Wheelers constitute the least (0.12%)

11348 PCUs for the morning peak hour and 9073 PCUs for the

evening peak hour

For the considerations of Intersection Capacities, design and

further Improvements maximum value of Traffic Volume is

adopted

Thus the traffic volume adopted for the current study is 11348

PCUs

With the results obtained from the Video Survey, the following works are proposed:

Estimation of approach-wise volume with turning movements

Check for the adequacy of the Geometric Section

Evaluation of Signal Timings

Estimation of Delays

Suggestion of Alternative Improvement measures.

Modify the Signal Timing

Possibilities for widening the roadway intersections

Grade Separation Provision after verifying the criteria given by IRC Codes

Chandra, S. and Kumar, U. (2003). “Effect of Lane Width on Capacity under Mixed Traffic Conditions in India”, ASCE Journal of Transportation, 129(2), pp 155-160.

Highway Capacity Manual 2000. Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C.

Kidwai, F.A. and Tan, M.W. (2004), “Capacity Analysis of Signalised Urban Intersection”, AWAM-2004, Universiti SainsMalaysia, Pinang, pp 9H05-1 – 9H05-7.

Maini, P. and Khan, S., (2000). “Discharge Characteristics of Heterogeneous Traffic at Signalized Intersections”. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Highway Capacity, Maui, Hawaii, pp 258-270.

Kadiyali; L.R “Traffic Engineering and Trasnport Planning”, KhannaPublishers, 2006.

National Highways Authority of India (2010). “Consultancy Services for Feasibility and Preparation of Detailed Project Report for flyovers at four junctions on NH-47, Cochin at Edapally, Palarivattom, Vytilla and Kundanoor Junctions”, Government of India, pp 20-23.

Indian Roads Congress Code 106: 1990. “Guidelines for Capacity of Urban roads in Plain Areas”, pp 07 – 10.

Department of Town and Country Planning (2009). “Development Proposals for the Kochi City Region 2031 – Volume 3”, Government of Kerala, pp 72 – 106

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