Australian public assessment forApixaban

Therapeutic Goods Administration

June 2013

Australian Public Assessment Report for Apixaban

Proprietary Product Name: Eliquis

Sponsor: Bristol Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd

About the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)

The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) is part of the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, and is responsible for regulating medicines and medical devices.

The TGA administers the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 (the Act), applying a risk management approach designed to ensure therapeutic goods supplied in Australia meet acceptable standards of quality, safety and efficacy (performance), when necessary.

The work of the TGA is based on applying scientific and clinical expertise to decision-making, to ensure that the benefits to consumers outweigh any risks associated with the use of medicines and medical devices.

The TGA relies on the public, healthcare professionals and industry to report problems with medicines or medical devices. TGA investigates reports received by it to determine any necessary regulatory action.

To report a problem with a medicine or medical device, please see the information on the TGA website .

About AusPARs

An Australian Public Assessment Record (AusPAR) provides information about the evaluation of a prescription medicine and the considerations that led the TGA to approve or not approve a prescription medicine submission.

AusPARs are prepared and published by the TGA.

An AusPAR is prepared for submissions that relate to new chemical entities, generic medicines, major variations, and extensions of indications.

An AusPAR is a static document, in that it will provide information that relates to a submission at a particular point in time.

A new AusPAR will be developed to reflect changes to indications and/or major variations to a prescription medicine subject to evaluation by the TGA.

Copyright

Commonwealth of Australia 2013This work is copyright. You may reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to the TGA Copyright Officer, Therapeutic Goods Administration, PO Box 100, Woden ACT 2606 or emailed to .

Therapeutic Goods Administration

AusPAR Eliquis Apixaban Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd PM-2011-03165-3-3Date of Finalisation 21 June 2013

Page 2 of 5

ContentsI. Introduction to product submission5Submission details5Product background5Regulatory status6Product Information7II. Quality findings7Drug substance (active ingredient)7Drug product8Biopharmaceutics8Advisory committee considerations8Quality summary and conclusions8III. Nonclinical findings8Introduction8Pharmacology9Pharmacokinetics9Toxicology11Nonclinical summary and conclusions12IV. Clinical findings13Introduction13Pharmacokinetics15Pharmacodynamics16Dosage selection for the pivotal studies17Efficacy18Safety21List of questions22First round clinical summary and conclusions23V. Pharmacovigilance findings29Risk management plan29VI. Overall conclusion and risk/benefit assessment33Quality35Nonclinical35Clinical35Risk management plan43Risk-benefit analysis43Outcome56Attachment 1.Product Information57Attachment 2.Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report57

I. Introduction to product submissionSubmission details

Type of Submission:

Extension of indications

Registration of a new strength (5 mg)

Decision:

Approved

Date of Decision:

29 April 2013

Active ingredient:

Apixaban

Product Name:

Eliquis

Sponsors Name and Address:

Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd

PO Box 1080

Mount Waverley VIC 3149

Australia

Dose form:

Tablet

Strengths:

2.5 mg and 5 mg

Container:

Blister pack

Pack sizes:

10, 20, 30, 60 and 100 tablets

Approved Therapeutic use:

Eliquis is indicated for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at least one additional risk factor for stroke.

Route of administration:

Oral

Dosage (abbreviated):

Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation:

The recommended dose of Eliquis is 5 mg taken twice daily.

The recommended dose of Eliquis is 2.5 mg taken twice daily in patients with at least two of the following characteristics:

80 years;

body weight 60 kg;

serum creatinine 133 mol/L.

ARTG Numbers:

172244 (2.5 mg) and 193474 (5 mg)

Product background

Apixaban is an orally active, reversible, selective inhibitor of coagulation Factor Xa (FXa) that prevents thrombin generation and thrombus formation by decreasing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. It does not require antithrombin III for its antithrombotic activity and has no direct effects on platelets but indirectly inhibits platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. Factor Xa is a common mediator of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation.

Eliquis tablets containing 2.5 mg of apixaban were first approved in Australia in July 2011 for the following indication:

ELIQUIS is indicated for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adult patients who have undergone elective total hip or total knee replacement surgery.

This AusPAR describes the application by Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd (the sponsor) to extend the approved indications for Eliquis to include the following:

Eliquis is indicated to reduce the risk of stroke, systemic embolism, and death in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with at least one additional risk factor for stroke.

Eliquis also reduced the risk of major bleedings when compared to warfarin (see Clinical Trials).

In addition, the sponsor proposed to register a new strength of Eliquis tablets, containing 5 mg of apixaban.

Regulatory status

The 2.5 mg product received registration on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG) in July 2011. The 5 mg product was registered on 2 May 2013.

The overseas status concerning similar applications (for the indication in prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation) at the time this submission was considered by the TGA is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Overseas registration status of apixaban

Country

Submission date

Approval date

Indications

European Union

29 Sep 2011

19 Nov 2012

Prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adult patients who have undergone elective hip or knee replacement surgery.

Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA); age 75 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; symptomatic heart failure (NYHA Class II).

United States

28 Sep 2011

28 Dec 2012

ELIQUIS (apixaban) is indicated to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Canada

22 Dec 2011

05 Dec 2012

ELIQUIS (apixaban) is indicated:

for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adult patients who have undergone elective knee or hip replacement surgery.

for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation.

New Zealand

30 Aug 2012

Under evaluation

Switzerland

28 Nov 2011

Under evaluation

Product Information

The approved Product Information (PI) current at the time this AusPAR was prepared can be found as Attachment 1.

II. Quality findingsDrug substance (active ingredient)

Apixaban has the following structure:

Figure 1. Structure of apixaban

Apixaban is non-ionisable, thus its aqueous solubility is not affected by changes in pH. The drug substance is highly soluble for doses up to 10 mg. It is considered a low permeable drug given that the fraction of oral dose absorbed is 80 years, body weight 60 kg or serum creatinine 133 mol/L.

The ASA dose was selected at the discretion of the investigator. More than 90% of subjects were receiving a dose of either 81mg or 162 mg on the day of randomisation.

The main efficacy outcome was to determine if apixaban 5 mg bid (2.5 mg bid in selected at risk subjects) is superior to ASA (81 to 324 mg once daily) for preventing the composite outcome of stroke or SE in subjects with AF and at least one additional risk factor for stroke who failed or are unsuitable for warfarin therapy.

Other efficacy outcomes included:

To determine if apixaban is superior to ASA for prevention of the composite endpoint of stroke, SE, MI or vascular death (major vascular events).

To determine if apixaban is superior to ASA for all-cause death.