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V1.0 | 2017-08-01
Vector China Congress, 2017
Automated Diagnostic Validation 2007 – 2017 – 2020
2
Changes in Automated Diagnostic Validation
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2007
2017
2020?
3
What does it mean?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
Protocol
4
What does it mean?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
Protocol Application
5
What does it mean?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
Protocol Application
Download/Update
6
What does it mean?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
Protocol Application
Analysis
Tracking
Tracing
Download/Update
7
� Which (Diagnostic-) functions does the ECU support?
� How does the ECU behave or react on requests?
Standards
� Formal Diagnostic Descriptions: > ODX (than later as ISO-22901)
> Or „de facto“ industry standard CANdelaStudio
� Standard Diagnostics: especially ISO14229 „Unified Diagnostic Services“
How does it work?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2007
8
How does it work?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2007
9
Protocol, Protocol, Protocol,…
Automated Diagnostic Validation
200710 years ago….
� Many Diagnostic-Newbies: OEMs, Developer,…
� Incomplete Diagnostic Data
� Insufficient depth of tests, no automation,
high testing effort
� Small format bug caused hard-> ECU issues (crash!)
… today
� Many OEMs have their own diagnostic test specification> Often available as automated tests
> Continuous improvements
� In general: Protocol conformance quality is good.
10
� Generation of diagnostic embedded code out of diagnostic descriptions
� Checking of diagnostic request format (DCM)
� Restrictions on execution: Session / Security (DCM)
� Creation of response in correct format (DCM)
� Fault memory configuration (DEM)
� …
Do we really need protocol conformance tests?
…‘cos mistakes always happen (murphy's law)… �
� … in AUTOSAR configurations
� … on implementing diagnostic functions
� … on connecting the diagnostic implementation with the ECU’s application
� … if diagnostics in ECU does not match the diagnostic description
� …
AUTOSAR
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2009
Yes!
11
� Content check if diagnostic parameters and fault memory related data
Is it possible to automate application tests?
� Additional sources for diagnostic related information> XCP, Bus signals, Measurement- and Simulation-Hardware,…
� Automatic or manual linking to Sources without direct diagnostic relation> E.g. on identifying the names (DTC “ECU X is offline” – ECU X exists in arxml)
� One specific Test is the result for the diagnostic specification and
the “I/O”-Type> DTC/Failure Type Byte -> “Short Cut” -> Tests for short cut to ground
> Diagnose Service combination -> Read/Write -> Memory
> Rx: A signal on the bus modifies the reading of a diagnostic Parameter
> Tx: Writing a diagnostic parameter modifies the bus signal
> …
� Claas increased the test coverage from 55% to 95%.
Yes!*
Application
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2010dbc
arxml
a2l
HiL,
...
VirtualTarget
* … but unfortunately not as smooth as for protocol conformance tests
12
Application
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2014
CANoe ILECU
System under Test
txMsgTemp
Temp.Sensor
Read (19,22)
IO Control
(2F)
control
measure
control
check
CANoe.DiVa
Test Hardware
13
� ISO standard defines diagnostic services used for SW download, but … > Differences in data formats and processes
> Supported feature set: incremental update, signatures, encryption, …
> OEM-specific reprogramming Tools
How to handle such a diversity in a Test?
� Vector vFlash > Reprogramming support for more than 100 different bootloader implementations
> Start download and trigger errors from external
Tests
� Generically: black box tests like e.g.:> Download without Erase Memory
> Overvoltage/ Undervoltage while transferring data
> …
� OEM-specific: gray box Tests> Test of specific Features: e.g. Identification data
Software Download using Diagnostics
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2015
14
Analysis, Tracking, Tracing …
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2017
Test
Report
Link Requirement &TestCase
CANoe.DiVa
CANoe
Test Run
Import
Test
Generation
Test Results
Test Case
Requirement/
Test Data
Management
System
Requirements
15
Where are we now?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
ProtokollApplikation
Weiterverarbeitung und
NachverfolgungDownload/
Update
2017
Protocol Application
Analysis
Tracing
Tracking
Download/Update
16
� Chances…
> Maintenance from a distance
> Selling of additional service
> (… a lot more)
� … and risks
> Crime
> YouTube…
� Requirements to diagnostic quality still increases
> Diagnostic functions
> Reliability of Software Update
> Security
Connectivity and DoIP
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2017
17
Security & Validation
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2017
18
Security – A threat Analysis on the OTA Process
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2017C
C
BackendDiag Gateway
� Assets
� Flash data along the communication path:
> Over-the-air communication between backend and vehicle
> Storage devices
> In-vehicle communication
� Impacts:> Financial loss
> Consumer confidence
> System malfunction
> Safety functions
InternetSW
Gateway
Body
Chassis
ADASInfotainment
Flash Bootloader
� Threats:> Compromising keys
> Data access or manipulation
> Man-in-the-middle
> Denial of services
� Security keys
Vehicle
Access Point
19
Security & Validation
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2017Vector OEM Security Source
Security Manager OEM 1- Sign- Authenticate
OEM 2- Encrypt
ASR SecOC/(UDS Default)
Backend
GUI- administration of Security Sources - Configuration of Security Sources:
- access to backend- Platform…
RT Component- Crypto Bib- Sign/Verify- Encrypt/Decrypt- Authenticate,…
Filebased
Cloud
Vector Tool
20
� OEMs will (have to !) increase their requirements for diagnostic test and quality.
� There will be more and more release cycles:> Continuous Integration
> Automation of test processes
� Application related tests beyond of what is currently available.
� Tracking and tracing of requirements for automated tests
� Executing security related tests, Testing security itself
� Simulation and Testing: Aspects of functions rather than ECUs
2020++
� New topics… > Autonomous driving
> AUTOSAR Adaptive
> Computer as part of the vehicle
� … new diagnostics? > Formats?
> Protocols?
> 4.0?
What else?
Automated Diagnostic Validation
2020
21
Automated validation of diagnostics …
Summary
Automated Diagnostic Validation
… remains exciting ...
… works
… is no witchcraft
… is no longer related to just protocol tests
… is for sure not completed
… is faced to new challenges
22
Q & A
Automated Diagnostic Validation
Your questions are welcome !
23 © 2017. Vector Automotive Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V1.0 | 2017-08-01
For more information about Vectorand our products please visit
www.vector.com
Author:
Henry Ge
Vector China