Thoughts on Economics

Vol. 22, No. 02

Avj- i

Aa¨vcK gynv¤§` kixd ûmvBb

(mgvß)

i i Ges i

i i

(Avj-KziAvb: 2: 277|)

g~j e³e¨

- i `ywbqv- s

b wbqg-weavb eY©bv Ki q

KvR m¤úv`bKvix, i Bn-ciKvjxb mydj I wewbgq

i Rb¨ cvw_©e I ciKvjxb

e¨vL¨v

- Ë¡, `vwi`ª, Afve, ¯^v_©Ø , - nvwb I

hy×-w - ¨

hveZxq myL- ~Z hvq Ges

, wbivcËvnxb kvbx, vm, fqfxwZ, gvivgvwi,

KvUvKvwU wgwËK e¨vcvi n q `uvovq| Avi i ARvbv AvksKv

| Gme Kvi Y `ª i fq, ÿy -

s

a¨ nq| AZtci ciKvjxb i

wecix qgKvix, hvKvZ`vZv, b¨vqKg©kxj

i mgv - -`vwi`ª¨-eyfzÿv I

KvUvKvwU, m , hy i wefxwlKv I wbivcËv

bv| eis _ ~wZ, m¤cÖxwZ-

68 Interest – The Quranic View

fvjevmv, D`viZv, gnv a©Z

-

Avi ci- i

i

Avkv Kiv hvq|

Cgvb

-Bjvnv Bjøvjøvû gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyjøvnÓ A_©vr ÒAvjøvn Qvov

b

kZv, wK , bki, wePvi

i U A½xKvibvgv|

Rvbv m¤¢e bq| ex- i

i

e¨e vj

w u ,

|1

b gvbyl hv Rb¨ ingvbyi

m

AZtci hy wZ I

weåvw i jøvn Zuvi bex-

i

aviv b gynv¤§` (mt)| gynv¤§` (mt) G

i mgMÖ gvb i wbKU _

vi Rb¨ gvbe

KzgÓ2

i

-GK, `yB- i

3

1 Avj-KziAvb: 2:151| 2

Avj-KziAvb: 3:193|

3 Avj-KziAvb: 3:193|

Thoughts on Economics 69

b Cgvb`vi, Avi hviv v

ZvInx`

Ò Ó;

ZvI i ÔBjvnÕ god, deity, godhead|4

GK - I

AwØZxq mªóv Ges me wKQzi I i AwaKvix cÖfz, gvwjK,

KQz

-Kvbyb, wewa-weavb I wbqg-c×wZi wbisKzk

-

c

K Ges kvw¯Í

AwacwZ; whwb cig `qvjy -

wbe×; whwb b BZ¨vw`| GK K_vq Avjøvni hZ

¸Y- -ÿgZvi K_v Avj- ÔBjvnÕ Gi

vÎ vn,

–

v-

i AwaKvix cÖfz I Dcv

kixix-Akixix v Avjøvn cÖ`Ë bxwZgvjv, AvBb-Kvbyb, wewa-

weavb I wbqg-c×wZ wbfz©j, , b¨vq wbô, Kj¨vYKi

I Abymibxq weavb -Kvbyb, wewa-

weavb I wbqg-c×wZB wbfz©j I MÖnY |

4 J. M. Cowan:

70 Interest – The Quranic View

vZ

b Avjøvni ivm~j|Ó

Prophet, Messenger, Emissary, Envoy, Delegate,

Apostle5

BZ¨vw`| t

Prophet : jøvni

Messenger :

Emissary :

Envoy : i

Delegate : i

Apostle : |

- v

mt)|

b, ciKvj, nvki, bki, wePvi, ¯Í hL BZ¨vw`

we cÖvß I mZ¨|

wZwb gvbe -

i

jøvni

K kj| wZwb hv wKQz MÖnY I cvjb

xb

ev¯Íe bg~bv| AvjøvnZvÕqvjv

(mt) hveZxq fzj-ÎæwU, cvc-cswKjZv myg

v i

_

Mhe I kvw¯Íi KviY|

5 J. M. Cowan:

Thoughts on Economics 71

i

g Avi GK i

vUv _

g©i

gvbyl fvj- Ö`vb

h_fv

6

`Iqv

i RxweZ Kiv

i

b v

i

;

ciKvjxb Rxe i wnmve-wbKvk Ges

i AvBb- i b DØy× I cwiPvwjZ

i me©`v `vwqZ¡

w¾Z nq Ges AbyZß

Revew`wn Kivi G Abyf~wZ

g I cvc Z_v Avjøvni bvdigvbx I A

i

, ivm~

-wbKvk, wePvi,

ev¯Íe KvR- i

Cgvb`vi|

6 Avj-KziAvb: 2: 281|

72 Interest – The Quranic View

GB A½ i D

i

-wg_¨v I fvj- i

-

K¨i i

mvdj¨ I Kj¨ bq|

Y i

-LqivZ, Zmwen&-Zvnwjj, whwKi-AvhKvi, Zvnv¾y`,

bdj BZ¨vw` KwZcq AvbyôvwbK B g

G -kv`x, jvjb-cvjb, wkÿv-`xÿv, e¨emv-evwYR¨, PvKix-evKix

kvmb, wePvi-AvPvi, hy×, Pzw³, mwÜ

-

Q|

good, right, proper, righteous, valid, true etc.7

Avj-KziAv i

‘righteousness’8

,

‘Righteousness’- “what is morally right’9

, True, Just, b¨vqm¤§Z,

b¨vh¨, b¨vq-wePvic~Y©, b

b¨vq- b

j

- Zvi

C

7 J. M. Cowan, ed., A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, Third Edition, 1976, Spoken Language

Services, Inc. p. 521. 8 Yousuf, A. Ali: The Holy Quran, Amana Corporation, 1983, p. 112; Translation of the Meaning of the

Noble Quran, King Fahd Complex, Madina, KSA, p. 63. 9 Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, Oxford University Press, Millennium Edition,

2000, p. 1012.

Thoughts on Economics 73

kZ©

i m¤úvw`Z

øvni weavb I ivm~jyjøvni -c×wZ

i v

I (mt)

Acwinvh© KvR -g~Î Z¨vM Kiv, Ny , LvIqv, cvb Kiv BZ¨vw` Avjøvn I

i (mt) i nq b¨vq KvR ev , Ab¨_vq Ab¨vq

q; GgbwK, bvix- vq KvR nq hw` Zv

KziAvb-my |

v v, n¾¡, hvKvZ

BZ¨vw`I hw` Avjøvni i (mt) -c×w nq

nxZ nIqvi KviY _v -evwYR¨,

ivRbxwZ, kvmb, i

ji nq;

ch©ewmZ nq|

Zv

Av ; Avi mvg

eªZx nq i -

-

i ivLv m¤ Zv Qvov

i b¨v

i i Ges

10

i R

we`AvZx cÖ_vi cÖPjb R

Ó

Avey mvC` b

i

10

Avj-KziAvb, m~iv n¾¡: 22:41|

74 Interest – The Quranic View

i q, hw`

11

wQj| Zuviv Zuvi

v b i i

v i i i Zv Kivi

i i gyKvwejv

Ki i

i mwilv

12

Avj- q i

i|

|

- C

mgv

G KvR i I

GLwZqvi e¨Z la -

mvgvwRK I

ivóªxq mZ¨ I b¨v

v wb

b

Z

wb Ges

AZtci g

evmx i ³i

t) Ici b¨v i ax i n¾¡,

11 12

Thoughts on Economics 75

hvKvZmn my`, weevn, ZvjvK, wgivm, e¨emv-evwYR¨, µq-weµq, Pzwi, WvKvwZ, Lyb-

ivnvRvwb, Nyl, Ryqv, whbv-e¨vwfPvi, al©Y, Ryjyg, wbh©vZb, nZ¨v, ¸g, Lv`¨, cvbxq,

-AvkvK, wkÿv-cÖwkÿY, mvÿ¨, wePvi, hy×,

³MZ, cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK, ivR

AvBb-

me AvBb Rvwi |

Avjøv ¯Í cvIqv i Rb¨ Zuviv Su

G I uvi

GZUv fxZ-

i i

Avi B

gª i (mt)

Vb kvw¯Í

i - -cwiRb nvwi -

msmvi, m¤ú`-m¤úwË Lywq

ivm~jyjøvni i

i AvBb

bvwhj K Qb i

Ges

i AvBb bvwhj K Qb

Avi i v

c~Y© D v

mvjvZ

AvqvZmn Avj-Kzi ivi K_v ejv

13

13 BDmyd Avj-

76 Interest – The Quranic View

14

Ki|Ó15

bvgv

-

i wË

16

i

i ;

i 17

I

vZ Õ (dvjvni

gyw³ I mvdj¨, thriving, welfare, prosperity,

salvation, success18

.

19

¯Í

nvZ-gyL

Ó20

gvi bvgvh-

& i Ó Avey ûivqiv

i

hw` GKwU SY©v w` i i

i

21

-

vi Ô`iæ`Õ

k

i m

wbqg- - i

14

Avj-KziAvb: 29:45| 15 Avj-KziAvb: 96:19| 16 Avj-KziAvb: 73:6| 17 Avj-KziAvb: 2:153| 18 J. M. Cowan, 19 -wZiwghx 20 -wZiwghx 21

Thoughts on Economics 77

qg Kiv|

- ³ -

i i , KLb

NUbv-`yN©Ubv Dc ¨, m~h©- e

i _ i, KLbI Ab¨

i Zv Av`vq Kivi

-civgk© diR, I

i

i Rb¨ wba©vwiZ GK cÖwkÿY Kg©m~Px|

-

-

22

Lwjdv

b23

, Avjøvn cÖ`Ë weavb Abymv i Ici

cÖwZwôZ _vKv q b Ki

24

GB weivU `vwqZ¡ cvjb Rb¨ KwZcq ¸Y AR©b

Y ivLv, fvjevmv I HK¨ BZ¨vw`| gvbyl,

i, v Y i

i

`ywbqv- i GKvwacwZ ev`kvn Avjøvni

i

kixi i

i i v

bx

22 Avj-KzivAvb: 2:30| 23 Avj-KziAvb: 51:56| 24 Avj-KziAvb: 57:25; 17:90; 49:9|

78 Interest – The Quranic View

i q| B g û AvKei-

weï× I Abvwej gb wb

iæ

Zuvi Ò

cÖfz cÖwZcvjK Avjøvni Rb¨Ó; ZLb

Ó ) kq `qvjy I KiæYvgqÓ,

AvjøvnZvÕqvjv -¸YM Ó

gvnvZ¥¨ )

Avgvi

Ó i -

m i i iv

i

25

gx

B gi m ni

i

i i

i, Zuvi

Kvjvg cv i i,

Avjøvni i,

i, Y i,

Rb¨ I i

I ivm~j| Zviv

bex (mt) I Zvi cwievi- ei

`iæ` I eiKZ nxg (Avt) I Zuvi cwievi-cwi Zviv

w i Avjøvni

© ji

i i

25 mnxn gymwjg

Thoughts on Economics 79

mvjvZ Cgvb` i mve©ÿwYK ZvKIqvi AwaKvix evbvq Ges

ZvB bq,

cÖfz- i

jø i Rxeb

mv - i -

q, GKB Kg©m~Px I GKB wbqg- B

i `ywbqvi mKj

q|

i ga¨

v I

i b, mvgR I ivóªxq

gwb wZwb i bvM i cwiPvwj b

b i

i - i mgvR I

i

I

Cgvb`viMY i

hvKvZ

Avjøvn i b hvKvZ cÖ`vb K k

b hvKvZ msMÖn Ges Avjø -

b Cgvb`viMY i miKvi

i i i

hvKvZ avh© I Av`vq Ges Zv e¨q-

hvKvZ-

mvgv i Ae¨_© nvwZqvi|

80 Interest – The Quranic View

- -

wbivcËv, m¤cÖxwZ, mnvbyf~wZ, mngwg©Z

i

B ivZ

KvUv

AvRi

reward, recompense, remuneration,

hire, rent, wages, pay, honorarium, price BZ¨vw` Ó|26

A_©vr

i

v

i, i Ges hvKvZ m i

cyi vi Zviv Aek vwßi

R

, v

wb|

C

i mgvR nq b¨v vR, cvi¯úwiK HK¨ msnwZ I

v

q ytL ¤ú~Y© gy³, wPi

i Rb¨ Avjøvn cÖwZkÖæwZ

i

i fq-

i 27

26

J.M. Cowam: 27

Thoughts on Economics 81

i my` eve

278)

g~j e³e¨

Q v

e¨vL¨v

Bw – _

nx i

me Kiv

me Pzw³ envj _vK `

i

G cvIbv my` i i

Avi i wZwb Zuvi PvPv Av

my` vl ¨v

Kijvg|28

cwinvi kZ©hy³ K b i v i bv

g

viv gywgb bq PvB Zv L

i ni KiæK|Ó29

i i

i m

i

28 19| 29

82 Interest – The Quranic View

g~j e³e¨

my` eR©b Kiv bv Zvi kvw Íi weavb

Avmj m¤úwK©

e¨vL¨v

v a

`vwqZ¡, ÿgZv I GLwZqvi

AvqvZw

Ac30

qvwRZ MfY©

31

i cÖPjb

MfY© ii i i Kvievi eÜ bv

i i i

¯^vqË¡kvmbvwaKvi `vb Kivi mgq Pzw³ , Òhw`

i i

32

, nvmvb

ixb I iæevC Be

i

i ivLvB i viviæ×

i 33

Avi

34

my` LvIqv

GB Avqv

Avmj

` i cÖwZg~j¨ (KvDÈvi f¨vjy) Aek¨B

30 gI ~`x, Zvdnxg~j KziAvb, m~iv Avj-evKvivn, UxKv 323| 31 32 gI ~`x; Zvdnxg~j KziAvb, m~iv evKvivn, UxKv 323| 33 34

Thoughts on Economics 83

i w`

wiev Ges nvivg| G DÈvi f¨vjy `ywUi cvi¯úwiK

-weµq hv AvjøvnZvÕqvjv

K i wewbg q cÖvc¨ K

` q ii Ici Ryjyg

Ryjyg

KvDÈvi f¨vjyi Ici

n A_ev Zvi evowZ Ask

cvIbv`v ii

w

j Zvi LvIqv

AwekóvskI nq I my Avjøvn

cvIbv`vi ev gvwjK AwaKvi

|

eyS| (AvqvZ 280|)

g~j e³e¨

o, nx i

mvg_© hw

i n i

i

84 Interest – The Quranic View

e¨vL¨v

nxZ

Avi i

Av`vjZ FY` i cvIbvi AvswkK ev m¤ú~Y© mv`vKv

i Iqvi Rb¨| G cÖm

K

i

ZLb bex

v `vI| Gi

i i bq|Ó35

dK¡xnMY G

i

covi Kvco- - i

i bv|36

GB v jøvn I Zuvi ivm~j (mt) cÖ`Ë AvBb| Avi

i i Avey ûivqiv

Ò i FY w`Z Avi Zvi

i w` jøvn

i

i w Ó37

Avi i w Zv i –

Ávb- cjw× Kivi Rb¨

Avcxj -

(AvqvZ 281)

35 - 324| 36 37 mnxn eyLvix, fwj-4, nv`xm bs 687|

Thoughts on Economics 85

g~j e³e¨

281 Q ®ú

e¨vL¨v

v Z_ A

cÖnix Ges GKwU M¨vivwÈ| Gi gZ wbLyuZ I Ae¨_© M¨vivwÈ gvb

n¨K cvnviv

LyeB mnR hw` bv Avjøvn I Zuvi my²vwZmy² wePvi I kvw¯Íi

i e×g~j nq| GKgvÎ Bmjvg i

i hvIqv Ges `yw i djvdj cvIqvi

B

Kg©dj-

- i,

we |

Dcmsnvi

Avj-

- i Pzw³ Kiv

nq| µq- B

f my`

GKwU Ryjyg Ges A_©bxwZ I mgv I ivm~j (mt)

my`x i

i cyuwRcwZiv-weËkvjxiv i cÖfvevax b

mgvR I ivóª cwiPvwjZ nq i

i Cgvb w i i

ZIwdK `vb Kiæb| Avgxb\