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KISHAN DARJI

09BPH007

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INTRODUCTION: Naturally occurs in

all green plants. It oten occurs associate!"it# c#lorop#yll.

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ISOLATION

Drie! an! t#en t#ese are crus#e! to a $ne po"!er.

%&tracte! "it# petroleu' et#er repeate!ly at roo'te'perature

 (#e e&tracte! are co')ine an! t#en concentrate! as aras possi)le at *0+ , -0+ un!er re!uce! pressure.

A!! car)on !isulp#i!e / s'all a'ount o et#anol to t#issolution to re'oe colorless i'purities "#ic# arere'oe! )y !ecantation..

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 (#e 'i&ture o 1,2 3,2 an! 4,carotenes are co'es outusing colou'n c#ro'atograp#y.

calciu' #y!ro&i!e is use! as a!sor)ent an! petroleu'et#er as solent.

In colu'n2 3,carotene gets a)sor)s a)oe 1,carotene )ut)elo" 4,carotene. 5inally2 t#e in!ii!ual carotenes areelute! or' a!sor)ent )y using et#er containing 60alco#ol.

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Properties

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8Molecular formula : -0H6.

8 Presence of eleven double bonds :3,carotene is #y!rogenate! )y eleen H 

'olecule.  (#is reaction s#o"s t#at 3,carotene contain

eleen !ou)le )on!s.

Chemistry

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Presence of two β-ionone units:When β-ionone (I) is ozonolysed, its yields, among other products,geronic acid (II). But when β-carotene is ozonolysed, this is

geronic acid in amount that corresponding to the presence of two

β-ionone residue.

It follows that C! portion of the molecule will "e con#ugated. $he

presence of con#ugation in this portion has "een confirmed "y the

fact that β-carotene forms an adduct with % molecules of maleic

anhydride

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Presence of methyl side chains :

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Ho"eer2 t#e a'ount o acetic aci! o)tains !uringo&i!ation o 3,carotene o t"o 3,ionone nuclei "#i only t"o 'olecules o acetic aci!. (#is set o reac

t#at so'e 'et#yl si!e c#ain are present in t#e con ;

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Rot# 'et#yl si!e c#ain !eter'ination is applie!arotene2 it yiel! >6.- 'olecules o acetic aci!.

in!icates t#at our ?;H*=@ groups are present in o 3,carotene 'olecule. ut o t#ese2 t"o are pres"o en! 3,ionone resi!ue.

Number and position of side chains

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 (#is s#o"s t#at !ou)le )on! in one o t#e 3,ionone ring #as )eeno&i!ie!. Ha! t#e c#ain )een o&i!ie! t#ere "oul! #ae )een c#ainscission.

Conformation of structure of β

carotene !

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Karrer et al. (19!": #he synthesis in$ol$es followin%steps:

In )ro'i!e in t#e presence o inc t#e B,ionone is

conerte! into t#e Acetylenic car)inol.

 

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