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Badara – Zizypus Sativa
Badara – Zizypus SativaIt is a thorny tree grows upto 10- 12 mtrs.Found in all parts of India, charaka used the term Badara in his vargas while Susruta termed as Badari.
Synonames:-Souviram:- Originates in Suvira desaBadari:-Influences strength, sperm countKarkandu:- wears spinesGosta:- Plesant to mind by its tasteKoli:- even grows in dry land Phenilam:- Increases kaphaKuvalm:- it occupies max space
Kula:- Badara
Family :- Rhamnaceae
Gana:-
Charaka-
Hrudya,
Swedopaga
Virechanopaga,
Chardinigrahana
Sushruta-
Nyagrodadi
Vagbata –
Nyagrodadi
Varieties:-Bhavamisra described 3 varieties:-1. Karkandu- Z. Nummularia2. Sauvira- Z. Sativa3. Kola- Z. JujubaRajanigantu:-4. Ghonta- Z.Xylopyraothers-5. Valli Badara- Z. Oenoplea
In India, there are 90 or more cultivars differing in the habit of the tree, leaf shape, fruit form, size, color, flavor, keeping quality, and fruiting season. Among the important cultivars, eleven are described in the encyclopaedic Wealth of India: 'Banarasi (or Banarsi) Pewandi', 'Dandan', 'Kaithli' ('Patham'), 'Muria Mahrara', 'Narikelee', 'Nazuk', 'Sanauri 1', 'Sanauri 5', 'Thornless' and 'Umran' ('Umri'). The skin of most is smooth and greenish-yellow to yellow.
Habitate:- India, Iran, China, Afghanistan
Morphology:-The plant may be a bushy shrub 4 to 6 ft (1.2-1.8 m) high, or a tree 10 to 30 or even 40 ft (3-9 or 12 m) tall; erect set with short, sharp straight or hooked spines. It may be evergreen, or leafless for several weeks in hot summers. The leaves are alternate, ovate- or oblong-elliptic, 1 to 2 1/2 in (2.5-6.25 cm) long, 3/4 to 1 1/2 in (2-4 cm) wide. The 5-petalled flowers are yellow, tiny, in 2's or 3's in the leaf axils. The fruit of wild trees is 1/2 to 1 in (1.25-2.5 cm) long. May reach 2 1/2 in (6.25 cm) in length and 1 3/4 in (4.5 cm) in width.It may be oval, obviate, round or oblong; the skin smooth or rough, glossy, thin but tough, turns from light-green to yellow, later becomes partially or wholly burnt-orange or red-brown or all-red. When slightly under ripe, the flesh is white, crisp, juicy, acid or sub acid to sweet, somewhat astringent. At first the aroma is apple like and pleasant but it becomes peculiarly musky as the fruit ages.There is a single, hard, oval or oblate, rough central stone which contains 2 elliptic,
brown seeds, 1/4 in (6 mm) long.
Ziziphus. Jujuba- Kola
Zizipus Sativa- Sauvira
Zizipus nummularia- Karkandu
Zizipus oenoplea- Valli Badara
Zizipus Xylopyra- Gonta
Chemical Composition:-Bark :- leucocynaidin, mauritinesFruit :- jujubogenin, zeatin, saponinLeaves :- Rutin, yuziphine,
Properties:-Rasa:- Madura, Amla ,KasayaVeerya:- SheetaVipaka:- MaduraGuna:- Guru, Snigda, Picchila
Dosha Karma:-Vatapittahara
Functions Acc to Diff ScholarsCharaka:-1.Arsha:- sitting in badarakwata subsides pain2.Atisara:- Kwata+Dadhi+Dadimarasa+Thila= pana3.Kasa, Swarabeda:- Grthabarjitas Patrakalka+ SindavaSushruta:-1.Atisara:- Moolatwakchurna+madhuVagbata:-1.Kasa:- Beejachurna+ Dugda+madhuSharangadhar:-1.Raktatisara:-Moolakalka+Tilakalka+madhu+yavaksharaBhavaprakash:-1.Bhasmaka:- Beejachurna+jala
Useful Part:-MoolatwakPhalaPatra
Dosage:-Moolakwath:- 50-100 ml Beeja churna:- 3-6 gms
Special preparations:- Badarsava
Cotations:-
बदरम मदरुम स्निग्दम भेदिम वातपित्तस्िततत्सूक्ष्मम कफवातघ्िम पिते्त ि च पवरुद्यते
[ C. Su. 27 ]
