Baguio Citys latest population growth rate is pegged at 2.31 percent. With this rate the Citys population is expected to follow an upward trend until the end of the plan period increasing by some 5,000 to 5,500 persons annually compounded by a low contraceptive prevalence rate pegged at 54 percent. With a rapidly increasing population, the City is facing more difficult times ahead in meeting the ever-increasing basic development needs of a young population. The rapid population increase consequently evolved concerns of equal gravity and these are the growing congestion especially within the Central Business District and the slowed down performance of the labor and employment sectors. The impact of population increase cannot be overemphasized. All urban problems prevailing in the City find its root cause in unabated increase of population Before the year 2004, Baguio City shall have been transformed into a university town providing quality and relevant education for global competitiveness. During the plan period, the City shall have established a functional special education program to cater to the learning needs of special groups in Baguio City. In the same period, the city should have implemented the Programs and Project of the Baguio City Committee on Education for All (BCCEFA) which will include the sports and physical fitness development programs for all the residents and the sustenance of Baguios role as the center of higher learning in the North. Development Strategies/Policies To achieve the objectives, the implementation of all programs/projects of the sector shall be pursued vigorously. The following strategies were adapted to be implemented to enhance the performance of the sector: Establish one special education center in each school district for the implementation of the Education for All program, the implementation a continuing development program to enhance teachers skills and qualifications, Provide adequate sports facilities for the public schools and the barangays and Strengthen the Baguio City Education for All Committee.

Major Programs/Projects Implementation of Special Education In line with the national vision of bringing education across all sectors including special children, i.e. the mentally, physically handicapped and gifted children. The program aims to provide the necessary facilities in all districts. It will also incorporate an awareness campaign to gain support especially from families with special children. Implementation of Education for All Programs This program aims to ensure that basic learning is made available and accessible to all sectors of the community. In the City, early childhood development will be given emphasis through the establishment of kindergarten classes in all public elementary schools and pre-schools in the barangays. Implementation Functional Literacy Programs for adults will also be strengthened in line with the desire to sustain present literacy rates or eventually eradicate illiteracy in the city. This program covers both the formal and non-formal sectors in line with the national policy of the universalization of education. Its basic aim is to provide every chills, youth and adult a productive and dignified life. In addition to the implementation of existing regular formal education programs, it will focus on access to quality education, eradication of illiteracy and continuing education for out-of-school youths and adults. Sports/Physical Fitness Program This program is on support Proclamation No. 406 that declared 1990 2000 as the DECADE OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS which calls for strengthening the implementation of mass-based sports and physical fitness programs and projects especially for those who are below 24 years of age. It will include the reactivation of the City Sports Development Council, and the implementation of a Comprehensive Sports Development Program for all levels of education for both sectors and at the barangay level. It will also secure/provide adequate sports, athletic facilities and equipments.

Researches and Development Joint ventures among the public and private schools particularly on research and other developmental undertakings will be vigorously pursued along major issues and concerns of the sector. It will also encourage consortium agreements on the use of facilities among the different institutions. Comprehensive Infrastructure Program for the Public Sector This will entail the construction of new educational facilities, upgrading and expansion of existing ones, including the provision of necessary equipments. This will also propose a comprehensive beautification and development of all public school grounds. Continuing Skills and Efficiency Improvement Program for teachers, supervisors and administrators This program will entail the orientation of new teachers, conduct of regular trainings to upgrade teacher skills, supervisory as well as administrative capabilities of people in the academe and administration. Fund Sourcing to Support a Local Scholarship Program This is an LGU and private sector initiative to support underprivileged but deserving college students. Baguio City as a high migration area is not only home for students, transient workers, tourists, etc. Together with those who choose the City to be their home, are those who are unprepared to cope with the rapid and changing lifestyle in an urban setting hence they become marginalized and eventually end-up as Baguio Citys Social Welfare Clientele. 18.94 percent of the families in the City are not able to meet their Minimum Basic Needs. Increasing cases of domestic violence involving women and children Baguio City tops the list of reported Violence Against Women in the CAR, together with Ifugao and Kalinga. Child Abuse cases have also been on the rise since 1996 to 2000 from 127 to 195.

36.44 percent of Children in the City are not provided Early Childhood Care and Development to Children (ECCDC).

Increased incidence of Children in Need of Special Protection (CNSP), children in Conflict with the Law, Substance Users, Victims of Abuse, Street Children, Out of School Youth , children unable to meet its developmental Need. 16.63 percent of families are exposed to natural and man-made calamities (City Camp, those residing on Hills) Increasing number of Person with Disabilities and Rapidly Aging Population. Increasing number of Psychotic Vagrants.

Shelter planning is a responsibility of the Local Government Units (LGUs) with the passage of the New Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160) and the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992 (RA 7279). The implementation of low cost housing programs and projects to benefit the underprivileged sector of the population is a primary concern under this sub-sector. Considering the limited resources of the LGUs, the participation of the private sector is encouraged. Housing is a growing concern especially for urban centers like the city of Baguio. The development opportunities that the city offers has become a factor for the fast increasing population. The citys population growth rate for the period 1990 to 1995 was 4.1 percent and decreased to 2.3 percent from 1995 to 2000. The provision of housing cannot cope with the fast increasing requirement of the population. Total new housing units required at present until year 2005 is 24,824. Ideally, the ratio of housing unit to household is 1:1. For the period under study, targets should be based on the LGUs capability to fund or source out funds through other financing schemes to implement housing projects.

PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Limited land supply Areas covered by Presidential Proclamation reserving portions of the city for various uses such as forest, military, institutional, parks, industrial, agricultural, and other uses as identified by the city and the different barangays is almost 1,030 hectares. Areas with moderate to steep slopes that are considered as non-habitable or danger area consists of 3,042 hectares. These area have slopes ranging from 30 to more than 50 percent. Added to this are the flood prone areas at the City Camp Lagoon including portions at Crystal Cave area and San Roque. It is estimated that 16 hectares are affected during strong typhoons. Other areas considered are danger zones are those areas that are traversed by earthquake faults. As a consequence, encroachment within government reservations and building in environmentally critical areas are prevalent. 2. Poor implementation of R.A. 7279 R.A. 7279 which requires subdivision developers to support the balanced housing development program is an effort to address the problem of housing for the poor. However, these projects are not benefitting the intended beneficiaries. The city has yet to develop a relocation site. Section 29 of RA 7279 mandates the LGUs to relocated and provide resettlement areas for the affected households. 3. Inadequate housing for transient students. One of the more progessive industry under the Services Sector is Real Estate and Renting activities. Due to the very high demand for housing, some existing residential houses are utilized as quarters for students, which often times are overcrowded. GOAL /OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: This sector shall provide adequate, descent and affordable housing for the underprivileged sector of the population. Specifically, it shall: 1. Provide adequate and comfortable housing for transient students and workers

2. Reduce the housing backlog through the implementation of low cost housing projects DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES: 1. Integration of socialized housing programs among the BLIST areas. 2. Explore other funding schemes in the implementation of socialized housing program i.e. Joint Venture Agreement, Bond Flotation, Build-Operate-Transfer and other viable schemes

POLICIES: 1. Strict implementation of R.A. 7279 2. Strict implementation of the Comprehensive Anti-Squatting Program 3. Creation of a local office to oversee housing issues and concerns and project implementation MAJOR PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Socialized Housing Program For the plan period, the 1.8 hectare city property located at Irisan will be developed to include: site development, construction of housing units and provision of basic facilities and utilities for purchase by qualified socialized housing beneficiaries from the Local government Unit. In the long term, the project will involve the purchase of land, site development, construction of housing units and provision of basic facilities and utilities. Each unit of house and lot package will be sold to the underprivileged sector of the population. 2. Feasibility Study on Livelihood Development Program The project is intended to explore viable livelihood activities that will help the poor segment uplift their way of living and increase their capability to pay socialized housing projects.

3. Housing Program for Transient Students and Workers This involves the development, construction of dormitory type buildings and the provision of basic facilities and utilities. Initially, the city has identified possible site at Salud Mitra for the implementation of this project. The Citys economy largely depends on tertiary activities, particularly on commercial, wholesale and retail services. These economic activities generate substantial income for the city from business taxes as well as employment. However, the citys reliance on service sector activities has also limited the citys investment areas, and consequently its sources of revenue and employment. Development Issues and Challenges The highly specialized nature of economic activities in the City has consequently led to limited sources of growth for the Citys economy. The Citys reliance on service sector activities has limited the citys investment areas, and consequently its sources of revenue and employment. Moreover, the Citys industrial base has remained underdeveloped with the emphasis given to the SEZ and not to local and indigenous industrial enterprises. Even though the Citys economy is reliant on the service sector activities, there is currently a question as to the service sectors sustainability and capability as a major source of growth due to the following.

Deteriorating quality of education-allied businesses and other service sector activities. Aside from the already quality education provided by higher educational institutions (HEIs), the City has to improve its education-allied services in order to continue attracting students. This is to sustain the role of the City as a Prime Educational Center in North Luzon. In 2000, the student population in Baguio grew by 1.20 percent. This has led to the ballooning of education-allied businesses such as registered boarding houses/real estate lessor from 72 in 1995 to 1,342 in 2000. Also, the

concentration of business activities in the Central Business District has led to its congestion, and consequently high cost of rental spaces.

Inability of the service sector to absorb the growing labor force of the City. With very limited industrial activities offshoots limited employment opportunities. The PEZA with its 12 multi-national locators can only employ 5,000 direct and indirect employees. Texas Instruments Philippines, Inc. accounts for 3,000 or 60 percent of the PEZA workforce . The Services Sector is still the biggest employment generator that account for 61 percent of the total labor force. The high population growth has worsened the employment situation in the City. An alarming increase in unemployment is noted. In 1995, the unemployment rate was 17.5% up from 15.98 % in 2000, and the highest in the Cordillera Administrative Region. This translates to an annual average increase of almost 1.80 percent over the past six years. An underemployment rate of 5.6 was also recorded, a significant improvement from 10.60 in 1995. In light of the lack of employment opportunities, the number of overseas workers is observed to be increasing. The high population growth is mainly due to in-migration to the City with perceived employment opportunities supposedly to be provided by the City. This is also deemed a factor to the growing poverty incidence in the City that was pegged at 13.4 percent as of the latest. However, it is observed that majority of service sector establishments in the City are actually family-owned and operated enterprises and therefore lack the capacity to absorb the everincreasing labor force of the City. Another major factor affecting the limited source of growth for the City economy is the fact that the local and indigenous industrial base remains underdeveloped. The limited and highly specialized industrial activities contribute to a selective environment resulting in low investments. These are also factors leading to the continued underdevelopment of the industries and the necessary support services. Transportation and related facilities vital in the transport of raw materials and the delivery of products to the market

continue to be inadequate. The lack of world-class accommodation as well as health facilities are added inconveniences that deter investments into the City. The continued underdevelopment of the industry sector sets a pace of slower economic productivity and growth. The Citys industrial environment caters only to light, nonpolluting, high value and low volume manufacturing industries. Export products are mostly manufactured within the Philippine Export Zone Authority (PEZA) and includes garments, machine parts, electronic components and plastic and paper products. The PEZA products account for 99 percent of the total regional exports and the top producer among all PEZAs nationwide. The non-PEZA manufacturing sector on the other hand, include the indigenous industries that support tourism as woodcarving , loom weaving, basket/bamboo craft and metal craft. These activities have been maintained as small/medium scale business ventures owing to the perennial problems on capitalization, sources of raw materials, quality control and the need for highly skilled producers. These have altogether diminished their potential for global competitiveness. The challenge remains to develop non-PEZA industries namely, the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs have the potential to become the engine of growth for the economy by providing employment opportunities and revenues for the City. Ideally the city should promote SME in the light-manufacturing sector that are labor intensive.

Sub-Sectoral Goal, Objectives and Targets Goal : Diversified City business structure to expand the Citys sources of economic growth.

Objectives:

1.

To strengthen the role of the City as a prime educational center and service center in North Luzon. To sustain the contribution of service sector activities as the major source of City revenue. To increase the contribution of small and medium-enterprises (SMEs) as a source of City revenue. To sustain employment in service sector establishments. To increase employment in manufacturing-related SMEs.

2. 3. 4. 5.

Targets: During the Plan Period, exports are targeted to grow at an annual average rate of 24.73 percent. PEZA exports are still expected to account for the bulk of investments to the City. Meanwhile, employment is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 12.10 percent. C. INFRASTRUCTURE & UTILITIES This sector covers the sub-sectors on transportation, communications, water resources, flood control and drainage, power and electrification, and waste management. C.1 Transportation The citys road system total 333.283 Kilometers. About 94.6% (315.563 Km.) of the citys road is already paved with either concrete or asphalt. Some 17.72 Kms. Of barangay roads has yet to be improved. By geographic standards, Baguio City is highly accessible as indicated by its road density of 5.79 Kms. Per square kilometer.

The city is regularly serviced by the Asian Spirits YS plane (60 seats) daily except Tuesday and Thursday via the Loakan Airport.

PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Traffic Congestion The concentration of urban services within the central business district coupled with the absence of a by-pass route causes traffic. Travel time of vehicles when passing through the Session Road alone will take some 30 to 40 minutes especially during rush hours. This is aggravated by the illegal parking of vehicles along major thoroughfares including city roads. 2. Inadequate road system The citys road length of 333.283 serves the population of 258,646. Road density is 1.32. This means that every 1000 population is served with only 1.32 kilometers of road. This is way below the standard road density of 2.4. It was raised during the Planning Congress that there are undeveloped roads that are serving the different barangays but are not yet registered as barangay roads. There are still some 17.72 kilometers of registered barangay roads that are unpaved with either concrete or asphalt. 3. Congestion along sidewalks including overpasses The proliferation of vendors along sidewalks especially cooking along these portions of the road is posing danger to passersby.

4. Inadequate Database Management The storage, retrieval and management of data on the citys road network are still inefficient due to the lack of a database system. There is a need to come up with an inventory of all existing roads that will include their status of development. 5. Inadequate parking facilities

There is only one bus terminal, which utilizes a right-of-way of an existing road at Governor Pack Road. Many Public Utility Jeeps do not have parking space. The right-of-way of existing roads are often identified and utilized as their authorized parking spaces/loading and unloading zones. Many public utility vehicles do not have their personal parking spaces hence, they utilize the right-of-way of streets when these vehicles are not is use. There are also many big establishments that do not have enough off-street parking facilities. 6. Fast increasing number of motor vehicles vis--vis the limited road system. The city's transport carriers increased by 4,727 motor vehicles over a five-year period covering 1996 to 2000. This has increased the vehicle-to-population ratio from 73 to 88 motor vehicles for every 1,000 population. The increase is an effect of the fast growing population. The road system, however, cannot be expanded so much as required due to the citys limited land area. DEVELOPMENT GOALS/OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: To ensure a year round accessibility to, from and within the city through safe, convenient and economical means. Specifically, it shall: a. Reduce congestion at the Central Business District b. Provide adequate and efficient transport facilities c. Provide adequate parking facilities and efficient traffic management POLICIES/STRATEGIES: a. Disperse development outside of the Central Business District b. Preparation of an efficient road masterplan c. Strict implementation of the National Building Code and related City Ordinances d. Strict implementation of Ordinance No. 7, s. of 1984 or the Comprehensive Traffic & Transportation Ordinance and Ordinance 003, series of 2000; e. Identification of unregistered barangay roads by Barangay Officials

f. Identification of loading and unloading areas and placing of visible sign boards through the enactment of Parking Rationalization; g. Strict implementation of Res. 23, series of 1990. h. Study the possibilities of 2-ride system, use of cable car system at the CBD, and One-way on selected routes.

MAJOR PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Comprehensive Database Management This will involve the inventory of national, city and barangay roads including all information that will serve as primary data in coming up with an efficient master development plan. It will also facilitate the storage and retrieval of data for planning purposes. 2. Traffic and Transport Development Master Plan The project will serve as a blue print for all development efforts relative to transportation. It will include a comprehensive study on the most efficient and effective use of transportation facilities and utilities including road openings. 3. BLIST Western and Eastern Link Road The project will provide a by-pass route by which goods transporting vehicles reach their destination without passing through the Central Business District. The Western Link Road passes through Lamtang_naguilian-Asin-Marcos Highway-Balacbac-CICN Road-Camp 7 Kennon Road. Portion of this project which is the construction from La Trinidad to Naguilian was already completed. This route connects with the Eastern Link Road, which passes through Kadaclan, Happy HallowPacdal Circle-Ambuklao Road, La Trinidad. 4. Development of a Central Bus Terminal Complex The project is intended to provide a common terminal for south and north bound buses outside the Central Business District, which includes the provision of a restaurant and lodging facilities and parks. There are two sites being considered for this project; the GSIS property located at Marcoville Barangay and other possible sites: 1) Area at the Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) located at Dontogan Barangay near Marcos Highway, 2) Portion at BCDA, 3) City Camp Lagoon

5. Traffic Signalization System for Baguio City It is aimed at improving traffic flow within identified intersections in the city by installing modern and efficient traffic signal lights and making it as a centralized system.

6. Creation of a Traffic and Transportation Office The creation of an independent and highly technical body focused on traffic and transport planning and management. It is envisioned to become self-liquidating in due time. Cost includes computerized central traffic monitoring and management center. The strategy on three Es: Engineering, Education and Enforcement will be adopted. Communications The city is served with all types of Communication facilities, print, broadcast, postal, telecom, telephone and Internet services. PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Oversubscription of Cellular Mobile Telephone Service (CMTS) facilities affecting the quality of service provided. Some areas are not within service coverage due to dead spots. 2. Internet services are too slow for the business community and foreign investors. SECTORAL OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: The sub-sector on communication shall provide adequate and reliable communication facilities and services. POLICIES/STRATEGIES: 1. Coordination of all communication service providers with the DOTC/National telecommunications Office. 2. Expansion/Improvement of communication facilities. PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Communication Development Program

The program is aimed at improving the services of the communication industry through the expansion of cell site facilities for CMTS and the comprehensive improvement of communication facilities.

Water Resources The city is served by a water supply system through the Baguio Water District. Annual water production for the past five years was at a range of 11 million cubic meters. PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Inadequate water supply. Only 60% of the total Households are served with the water distribution system. This is attributed to the inadequacy of water sources. Likewise, the proliferations of informal settlements along watershed, which affect water sources, have aggravated the situation. The level of water unaccounted for was also high at 38% mark. GOAL/OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: This sub-sector shall provide adequate and safe water supply for the entire City. Specifically, it shall improve water services through the following; expansion and rehabilitation of water system and the reduction of level of water-unaccounted-for or the Non-Revenue Water (NRW). It shall increase water supply from 33,000 to 94,000 cu.m./day by year 2004. POLICIES/STRATEGIES: 1. Develop additional water sources within and outside of the city. 2. Promote the preservation and protection of existing watersheds. 3. Close coordination with National water resources Board (NWRB) to prosecute illegal deep well owners. 4. Encourage the public to report leaks and pilferages and other factors contributing to water losses. 5. Encourage a joint water reserve management within the BLIST areas. 6. Intensify water conservation campaign.

PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Bulk Water Supply Project The project aims to develop water sources that are located outside of the city and designed for a production capacity of 50,000 cu.m. per day. It is estimated to cost Php 2.4 Billion pesos. 2. Expansion & Rehabilitation of the Baguio Water System (Areas 1 & 2) It will include; a) well drilling/pump rehabilitation of wells, construction of new tanks with chlorination system and rehabilitation of distribution mains. The cost of implementation is Php263 Million Pesos to be funded through loan from LWUA. 3. Water Quality Improvement Project This includes the construction of water treatment plant, fencing of watershed to avoid further encroachment, filtration and provision of aerator. The project cost is Php1.5 Million Pesos.

C.4 Flood Control and Drainage The citys drainage systems consist of natural creeks and storm drainage, many of which are already antiquated and damaged. PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Perennial flooding in various parts of the city especially at the Central Business District, City camp Lagoon and the Crystal Cave Area. The flooding is attributed to various factors such as; lack of discipline of some people on garbage disposal; encroachment within natural drainage ways i.e. creeks 2. Lack of Comprehensive drainage masterplan. GOAL/ OBJECTIVES/TARGETS:

This sub-sector shall control or minimize flooding through the provision of adequate and efficient flood control and drainage facilities.

POLICIES/STRATEGIES: 1. Maintain existing drainages and waterways to avoid clogging. 2. Conduct feasibility studies for the integration of drainages consistent with environmental considerations, good urban design and & the conservation of natural resources. 3. Continuous flood control development along creeks and waterways PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. City Camp Lagoon Land Recovery Project (Feasibility Study and Project Implementation) This includes the conduct of Feasibility Study to determine the technical feasibility of solving the flooding within the area and develop the same into commercial facility, bus terminal or other viable uses of the reclaimed land. Costs are determined in the Feasibility study. 2. Comprehensive Drainage System Masterplan for the City This will involve a study on the drainage system of the city on a wholistic approach. Power and Electrification Electricity, which is generated outside the city, is mainly distributed by the Benguet Electric Cooperative Inc. Power sources for the city comes from Sual and Ambuclao through the National Corporation and the Mini-Hydro at Asin. All the 129 barangays of the City are reached by the distribution system, although electricity is not yet available to some houses. According to the BENECO, there is enough supply of electricity for the city.

PROBLEMS/ISSUES: 1. Inefficiency of electricity distribution within the city. The required 3 meters clearance on both sides of the streets is not being observed. The presences of trees within this easement hits existing wires especially during the occurrence of typhoons and often are causes of power interruption. The relocation of lines/poles are also causes of power interruptions. 2. Overcrowding of wires within BENECO poles. Not only power lines are attached to BENECO poles but also includes other cable lines. 3. High cost of Power Purchase Adjustment (PPA) charged against consumers. As raised during the Planning Congress, there should be public consultation on the matter. GOAL/OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: This sub-sector aims for the provision of sufficient and efficient power supply. Specifically, it shall provide additional power connections to the 129 barangays of the city. PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Power Generation Program. This includes the establishment of a 20 MVA Sub-Station for additional load to cater for future needs. Waste Disposal Sewage and Sewerage The Baguio Sewage Treatment plant (BSTP) was designed withy a rated capacity of only 8,600 cu.m./day. Coupled with this inadequacy is the rugged terrain of the city where low lying areas are not feasible to be serviced by the BSTP. Its performance in of reduction of pollutant in the treated sewage has however exceeded the allowable standard of 85% to 94.875%. Some 41,740.6 LM of sewer lines that is connected to the BSTP services Baguio. Many of

its pipelines are old which were installed during the pre-war needing replacement.

As of June 2001, there are 63 out of the 129 barangays that are currently serviced by the Baguio Sewage Treatment Plant, representing a total service connection of 7,420 households from residential and commercial establishments located at the Central Business District and its peripheries. The remaining population avails of septic tanks, cesspits and latrines. Low lying barangays cannot be serviced by the BSTP. GOAL/OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: This sub-sector shall aim to improve the health and sanitation levels of the city thru an efficiently managed sewerage disposal system. Specifically; it shall expand the existing service coverage to areas that can be accommodated by the BSTP. POLICIES/STRATEGIES: 1. Provision of mini-sewage treatment plant in areas that cannot be served by the BSTP. 2. Ensure the connection of new establishments with the BSTP through upon the issuance of Building Permits. 3. Require septic tanks in areas that are not yet reached by the BSTP. 4. As raised during the Planning Congress, funeral parlors must have their own sewage treatment plant. PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Sewage System Development The project covers the installation of secondary lines, construction of mini-sewage treatment plant that will service the City Camp and Camp 7 areas and construction of communal septic tanks. The completion of all the Sewage Treatment Plant Infra components are necessary prior to the compulsory connection of all liquid waste generating facilities to make it 100% operational.

Solid Waste Management of solid waste in the city is under the General Services Office of the City Government. Only 125 out of the 129 barangays of the city is accessible for garbage collection. As of 200, 98 percent of the citys total households are being served by the garbage collection system. Garbage trucks are not able to reach some areas due to steep and narrow roads. The present system is equipped with eleven (11) garbage trucks having an aggregate hauling capacity of 88 cubic meters. Only 102,282 kgs. of the estimated 175,124 kgs. Daily garbage are collected. This represents 58% of the total daily waste generation of the population. The Central Business District is served daily while the different barangays are serviced once a week. The Zoning System of garbage collection for the entire City of Baguio was maintained and further improved. Aside from religiously serving the 125 barangays with regular collection as scheduled through the Zoning System. The Solid Waste Management and Building Maintenance Division (SWM/BM) has integrated in the system, the Barangay Base Garbage Collection Concept (BBGCC). This is very workable for areas not previously served by regular garbage collection service. In this set-up, the barangays who want to have regular garbage collection has to provide adequate number of manpower from their barangay to load the garbage onto truck. The SWM/BM will provide and the driver to operate the collection vehicle for hauling the garbage to the disposal site. With this concept, the City Government has saved operational expenses. This concept is currently being enjoyed by the following barangays like Dontogan Barangay, Baguio Country Club Village Barangay, Scout Barrio Barangay, Dreamland Subdivision and Upper Pinget, Sto. Nino Subdivision and Bengao at Central Bakakeng, Kadaklan Village at Loakan Apugan and Alphaville at Loakan Liwanag. This translated to an estimate of 10,000 population or 46.7 metric tom\ns of garbage generated per day. Toward the end of 2000, The General Services Office offered to extend the garbage collection services to Lucnab Barangay and Upper Crystal Cave Area of Bakakeng Central using this concept after the said areas requested for garbage collection extension.

Another integration into the system is the Review of Critical Areas (CRAs). In here, those areas identified to have abnormal waste generation and always with unsightly garbage pick up points are given extra frequency of garbage collection. The garbage trucks assigned in these areas have to mandatory review the different critical designated pick up points to minimize the unsightly overflowing of garbage especially along the road. These are those within the central business district, university belt and barangays near the CBD. The city dumps its solid waste at a 2.5 hectare dumpsite located at Irisan Barangay some four (4) kilometers from the Central Business District. Open dumping and burning are the methods used for disposal. The use of open dumping and burning as a means of waste disposal pose health hazards among residents of nearby barangays due to odor and smoke. Leachate produced by decomposed garbage is also polluting the water sources of low lying communities in its vicinity. There is a need to improve the present system of disposal and identify appropriate site/s for this purpose. GOAL/OBJECTIVES/TARGETS: This sub-sector shall improve the health and sanitation levels of the populace thru an efficient solid waste management. POLICIES/STRATEGIES: 1. Increase the frequency of collection at the barangays and the Central Business District. 2. Pursue workable alternative disposal method such as scientific composting and recycling for barangays that are not reached by the garbage trucks. 3. Continuing enhancement of equipments and personnel capability 4. Strictly implement the Anti-littering Ordinance 5. Strict implementation of the provision of RA 9003 6. Establish Barangay Redemption Centers 7. Identify alternative sites for garbage disposal. 8. Establishment of an ecology center in every barangay. 9. Study the possibility of privatization of garbage collection. PROGRAMS/PROJECTS: 1. Solid Waste Management Program

It is intended to pursue alternative Solid Waste Management to the present landfill system. At the same time integrating recycling, recovery, composing and fuel production as potential incomegenerating components.

D. ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW The environmental crisis in the Philippines, is pervasive, dwindling forests, vanishing lands, floods, power shortage, foul air and water, mounting sewage and solid wastes, and people everywhere pressing on finite resources.

In localizing Agenda 21, local government units are utilized as conduits of the national government to spearhead sustainable development. This is mainly due to the problems and solutions being addressed by sustainable development find their roots at the local level, hence, the participation and cooperation of local authorities is a key factor in achieving the objectives of Agenda 21. This is especially true in educating, mobilizing and responding to the public to promote sustainable development. Hence, the phrase think globally, act locally. Baguio City as a highly urbanized city encounters the same problem common to all urbanizing cities and municipalities. The rapid population growth rate puts equal pressure to the citys environment, compounded by the inadequate exercise and lack of effective control on land developments, thus the historic vocation of the city that of a mountain resort continues to be jeopardized. The attending results of present and on-going developments in the city

are rapid loss of open spaces, destruction of the natural environment, scarring of the landscape and contamination of water sources.

This plan will guide all actions particularly policy-making and decision making processes to take off from a well analyzed situation and factual database. This in effect will redound to a more effective program and project planning in that more appropriate responses are formulated to address current problems and issues. In the end, there will be a more meaningful allocation of our very scarce resources. While we have the basic plan, there is a need to formulate a more focused intervention to address the identified priority problems/issues. The plan encourages environmental conservation, protection, and participation by the constituents thereby ensuring a desirable future state for the next generation. The current program of the government on Clean and Green and Eco-Walk Projects undertaken by the City Government and Non-Government Organizations aim to bring back Baguio to its original state. But this is a merely minuscule component of a bigger undertaking. A contradicting practice is also evident, that is the lack or uncontrolled approval of land development and irrational utilization of land resulting in fragment developments due to the non-approval of the new land use plan, thus putting pressure on the environment. Mention has to be made on the lack and inadequacy of legal advises, regulatory measures and development controls to preserve and enhance the scenic beauty of the area at the same time ensuring public safety and maximizing environmental quality. Factors that explain the rapid environmental degradation are the fast rate of population growth, uncontrolled urban sprawl, the lack of consideration on the importance of site solution and design for residential developments, the general lack of understanding on vegetation, soil, terrain, rocks, drainage channels and streams as natural resource with varying ecological, aesthetic conservation, and safety implications for urban developments, faulty land-use prescriptions and land utilization, at the utmost attempt to contain and control urban development.

Appropriate land use controls and their enforcement are thus essential in preserving and enhancing the environmental quality of the area, to boost tourism in the city, and ensure public safety. Environmental quality in the city is confronted with the problems of squatting on watersheds. Denudation of forests and de-vegetation due to illegal cutting of trees, improper gardening/kaingin and forest fires. These if unabated will continue to threaten the quality of our air and water supply. The coverage area of the present sewerage system is only limited to 63 Barangays where only 42 percent are connected to the system while 55 percent uses individual system and 3 percent discharges their wastes on waterways. Current methods, mostly individual systems, cause ground water contamination, stream and creek pollution, and public health problems. The same system should be established in other areas of the city. Garbage collection and removal of solid wastes are generally good, there are areas in the city where little or no services are available. The use of open dumping and burning as a means of waste disposal pose hazard on nearby residents due to foul odor and smoke, and contamination of downstream water sources due to leachate. The current policies (ordinances and resolutions) are already antiquated. While these policies are still in effect, this are no longer enforced due to the lack of discipline (people) or lack of political will (law enforcers). There is a need to update these policies to conform with the prevailing situations, particularly those that are related to ecology and environment. Legislative agenda should properly backstopped environmental degradation. E. DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE LOCAL GOVERNANCE

OVERVIEW The sectors primary concern is the development and maintenance of a functional and responsive administrative machinery vis-a-vis development demands.

Development demands affect the four components under local governance, viz., organizational structure, personnel administration, development planning, and development communication. Organizational Structure. The citys structure is becoming unresponsive to the increasing population and needed services due to offices being undermanned and various systems and procedures. These factors often times cause delay in the delivery of public service. Personnel Administration. One problem is the unoptimized existing manpower due to attitudinal problems, wanting leadership/ management style, mismatch manpower skills with job assignments, and insufficient work direction. Second problem is inaccesibility of require manpower due to unfilled positions. Development Planning. The problem identified here is insufficient implementation of government programs and projects due to lack of appreciation of development planning as a technical process in governance and too much politics. These are evident with the practice of fund realignment, unsynchronized planning, programming, and budgeting system, lack of monitoring qualitative assessment, inadequate advocacy on government programs and plans, unoptimized NGO partnership, and uncoordinated data banking activities. Development Communication. The issue lies more on the prevailing cultural- problem. That is, people tend to believe only in the Mayor himself and memoranda/reports are usually not being read. Another problem is the lack of PIO facilities, e.g., video cam. DEVELOPMENT FINANCE

OVERVIEW Scarce fiscal resources of the city is the perennial block to cope with the increasing demand for public services. A contributory factor in this set back is the presence of non-performing assets and the inability to implement major development projects. Another is the tax exemption on Real Property Tax by the PEZA and other government owned facilities.

While the city has 10,830 active business establishments, most of these are retailers and the tax base for the collection of business tax is low. Identification of additional viable fiscal resources is needed in order for the city to meet the ever-increasing demand of a rapidly growing population for basic urban services and facilities. Intensifying the implementation of revenue laws and exploring income-generating activities embodied in the Local Government Code is expected to add on to the citys income thus improving the delivery of public services. The main objectives and goals of this sector is to improve the peace and order situation in the City as well as the Citys capability in disaster preparedness. The specific objectives and goals are the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Reduce crime incidence and improve crime solution efficiency Improve police response time Increase public community awareness on public safety issues Act and dispatched complaint and cases without fear and favor Increased collection and remittances of fees collected from various traffic & City Ordinances violated 6. Intensified discipline in the ranks 7. Minimize or prevent the loss of lives and properties caused by fire and disasters 8. Improve/ hasten the resolution of court cases

TARGETS

1. Meet the police to population ratio to 1:1000 2. Conduct regular police Information and education activities, seminars and trainings to enhance people participation and awareness in police related activities and matters at the community and institutional level. 3. Reduced crime rate and crime volume. 4. Effective and efficient sourcing, allocation and use of material and financial resources. 5. Removal of scalawags in the service, corruption and public disclosure and transparency in the service.

6. Conduct IEC on Fire/ Disaster preparedness in the community and institutional level as well. 7. Meet the fireman to population ratio of 1:2000. 8. Strengthen the City Katarungan Barangay unit. 9. Improve lupon case efficiency.

POLICIES AND STRATEGIES

1. Increase police presence in the community. 2. Pro actively intensify partnership and collaboration in anticriminality activities between the police in one hand, the community, the private sector, civil society and non government organization. 3. Provide additional establishment of Police Community Precincts (PCPs) or Police Kababayan Center (PKCs) as the focal point of community grassroot level. 4. To vigorously pursue the implementation of the community oriented policing system/ info gathering system. 5. To ensure strict adherence to the rule of law, observance of police procedure, and the upholding of statutory and constitutional rights of the accused, In the enforcement of laws, conduct of arrest, search and seizure. 6. To pursue continuing effort to simplify its work system for greater efficiency and effectiveness. 7. To pursue vigorously the streamlining and right-sizing to make it more responsive to meet the demands of the citizenry. 8. To continuously build and enhance the trust and confidence of the people towards the police. 9. To suppress and prevent the occurrence of crime and make crime prevention a major component of police work and intensify public information campaign on crime prevention.

10. Recruitment of Barangay Intel Networks (BINs) School Intel Networks (SINs) and other volunteers for neighborhood and crime watch programs or the so-called empowerment. 11. To conduct regular police education and information activities and seminars to enhance people participation and awareness in police related activities and matters at the community and Institutional level as well. 12. To ensure its organizational unit and personnel are properly equipped to perform their specific mission. 13. To pursue vigorously the streamlining and right-sizing to make it more responsive to meet the demands of the citizenry. 14. To pursue continuing effort to simplify its work system for greater efficiency and effectiveness. 15. Strict implementation of the Fire Code of the Philippines. 16. Continuing implementation of Fire Disaster Brigade Programs at the barangay level. 17. Provision and upgrading of fire fighting facilities. 18. Conduct of in-service training for fire personnel to enhance administration and operational management. 19. Induce community cooperation and participation in testifying in courts.

PROPOSED PROGRAMS/PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES

1. Mobilizing the barangay to participate in PNP crime prevention activities. 2. Continue advocacy on anti-drug campaign on the community level as well as Institutional level. 3. Community based policing system. 4. Recruitment of Civilian Volunteers Organization. 5. Ensure Police participation and support for the successful prosecution and resolution cases. 6. Continuous Training of investigation of personnel. 7. Improvement of investigation capability. 8. Develop and organized proper logistic management. 9. Improvement of facilities, acquisition of equipments. 10. Human Development Programs this includes training on law enforcement, investigation etc. 11. To streamline organizational structure with greater emphasis on maximum deployment of personnel in the street.

12. To institutionalize frequent interaction between and among the community, private sector, and non-government organization. 13. A legislative agenda (City Ordinance) should be passed to support the implementation of the fire Code of the Philippines (PD1185). 14. Human Resource Development Program this includes trainings, seminars on disaster management. 15. Improvement and acquisition of facilities. 16. Witness Protection Program.