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T.C. KOLTOR VE TURIZM BAKANLIGI ARA~TIRMA VE EGiTiM GENEL M0D0RL0G0
SOMUT OLMAYAN KULTUREL MiRAS TURKiYE ULUSAL ENV ANTERi
ENV ANTER BiLGiLERi:
Unsurun Ada: Hat Sanat1
Unsurun Bilinen Diger AdJar1: Htisn-i Hat, hat.
Unsurun Envanter Numarasa: 01.0076
Unsurun Envantere Kay1t Tarihi: 06/08/2014
Unsura hi~kin Envanter GiinceUeme Tarihleri: Haziran 2016 ve Mart 2019
Unsurun Somut Olmayan Kiiltiirel Miras AlanJan:
• Doga ve Evrenle ilgili Bilgi ve Uygulamalar
• Geleneksel ZanaatkarWc/ El Sanatlan Gelenegi
Unsurun Envantere Kay1th Oldugu iller: Elaz1g (2009), istanbul (2013).
UNSURA iLiSKiN BiLGiLER
Unsurun Kisa Tanmu:
Hat sanau, Arap as1lh islam harfleriyle estetik degerler dikkate alrnarak olc;tilti ve nispetli bir
~ekilde karru~ kalem, is ve sair el yap11ru rntirekkeplerle yaz1 yazma sanatldir. Bu sanata gtizel
yaz1 rnanasma geJen htisn-i hat denilmi~tir. Bu sanatrn icraslilda ahar!J kag1t, karru~ kalem,
kalemtlra~, makta, hokka ve divit gibi malzemeler kullantlir. Hat sanau; mimarhk, bezeme ve
resim gibi gorende hayranhk uyanduan sanatlardandir. Ttirkiye'de bu sanat 11. ytizytlda
Selc;uklulardan itibaren ba~layarak Anadolu' da kurulan Tiirk beylilderi ve Osmanhlar
tarafmdan ytizy1llar ic;inde uygularup geli~tirilerek gtintimi.ize ula~rru~tlf.
Hi.isn-i bat ile Kur'an-1 Kerim, ayetler, hadisler, Ttirkc;e veciz sozler ve beyitler yaz1llr.
inonil Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Bmek-ANKARA Tel:03124707816 Pax:03122213320 hup://aregem.kulturturizm.gov.tr
Aynnuh bilgi i~in irtibat: D.AK<;:A Y ODABASI Ulusal Envamerler Subcsi Milduril
II
T.C. KOLTOR VE TURIZM BAKANLIGI ARA~TIRMA VE EGITiM GENEL M0D0RL0G0
Htisn-i hat, karru~ kalem ve is mtirekkebiyle al1arh kag1t ve deri gibi malzemeler tizerine
yaz1ltr. Aynca ta~, mermer, 9ini, cam, maden ve ah~ap i:izerine de kendine has yontemlerle
uygulanabilir.
Kalemin tutulu~u, yi.irtiti.ilii~ii ortaya 9Ikan harf veya terkiplerin mtikemmeliyetini temin eder.
Hiisn-i hatta si.iliis, celi siiliis, nesih, muhakkak, reyhani, tevki', rika', kfifi, siyakat, ta'lik,
celi ta' lik, di"van1, celi dtvani, rik'a, gubari vb. yaz1 tiirleri bulunmaktadlf.
Bu yaz1 ttirlerinin onemJi bir boliimii fermanlar, beratlar, padi~ah tugralan vb. devlet
yaz1~malannda, dini yap1Jar ve kamu binalannda Sel9uklular, OsmanlIJar tarafmdan icra
edilerek giiniimiize ula~fill~tlr. Hat sanatl giini.imtizde unsurun ilgili toplulugu tarafrndan aktif
bir ~ekilde ya~at.J.lmaktadir.
Unsurun Cografi Dagllmu:
Unsur Tiirkiye'nin her bolgesinde ya~atllmakla beraber; istanbul unsurun en gi.i9lii ya~at1ldlg1
tarihi ve ki.ilti.ireJ merkez olarak kabul edilmektedir.
Unsurla ilgili Grup ve Topluluklar:
Hattatlar, bu ki~ilerin ogrencileri, hiisn-i hat icrasrnda kullantlan aharlI kagit yap1mctlar1,
miirekkep9iler, miihrezenler (mi.ihre: ham kag1tlan diiz hale getirip parlakhk vermek ic;in
kuJlamlao alet), makta ve kalemtua~ yap1IDctlan ile bu sanatl kiilttiriini.in bir par9as1 oJarak
kabul eden veya ki~isel geli~imi i9in ilgilenen ki~iler bu mirasm ilgili toplulugunu olu~turur.
Akademisyenler, SiviJ Toplum KuruJu~Jan ile ara~tlrma ve yaygm/orgiin egitim kurslan
diizenleyen ozel atolyeler de unsurun ilgili topluluklandir.
lno nil Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel:03124707816 Fax:03122213320 http://aregem.kulturturizm.gov.tr
Aynnllh bilgi i9in irtibat: D.AK<;A Y ODABA~l Ulusal Envanterler $ ubesi Mildiirii
T.C. K0LT0R VE TURIZM BAKANLIGI ARA~TIRMA VE EGiliM GENEL M0D0RL0G0
Unsurla ilgili Koruma Eylem Plam:
Unsurla ilgili ulusal ~apta bazirlanan bir Koroma Eylem Plam bulunmak:tadir. 2019 yllrnda
ilgili STK' lar ve m.iras ta!i1y1c1lannm katlhmlanyla olu!iturulan koruma eylem plaru 5 ana
kategori altJnda belirlenmi!itir:
- U nsurun ak:tanm1 ve ya!iayabilirligine yonelik tedbirler
- Gori.ini.irli.ik ve farkmdahk arttuma tedbirleri
- Uluslararas1 i!ibirligi ~al1~malan
- Akademik ve doki.imantasyon onlemleri
- Egitim ve yeti~tirme ~al1!imalar1
Unsur ile ilgili Yayunlar Listesi
Acar, M. $inasi, Turk Hat Sanat, (Araf, Geref ve Formlar), Antik A.$. Yaymlan, Istanbul 1999.
Alparslan, Ali, Islam Ansiklopedisi, "celi" md, C.7, s.265-267 "divani'' md., C.9, s.445-446; "k1t'a" md., C.25, s.505-506 "musenna"md.,C.32, s.87-88. Turkiye Diyanet Vakf1 Yaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Alparslan, Ali, Osman!, Hat Sanat, Tarihi, Yap1 ve Kredi Yaymlan, istanbul 2004.
Bekta§oglu, Mustafa, Hat Sanat, ve Tosya/1 Hattatlar, lmaj Yaymc11ik, Istanbul 2005.
Berk, Suleyman, Devlet-i Aliyye'den Gilnilmilze Hat Sanat,, lnk1lab Yaymlan, Istanbul 2013.
Qetin, Nihad M., "Aklam-1 Sitte" md. Islam Ansiklopedisi, C.2, s.276-280, TDV Vay., Ankara 1989
Dere, Omer Faruk, Hattat Hafiz Osman Efendi, Korpus Kultur Sanat Yaymc1llk, istanbul 2009.
Dere, Omer Faruk, Yeni Ba§layanlar /yin Hat Sanat,, Nesih Yaz, Metodu, lnk1lab Yay, 1st. 2014.
Derman, M. Ugur, Eternal Letters. From the Abdul Rahman Al Owais Collection of Islamic Calligraphy, gev. Irvin Cemil Schick, (Sharjah; Sharjah Museum of Islamic Civilization, 2009).
lnonil Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel: 031247078 16 Fax:0312221 3320 h1tp://arcgcm.kulturturizm.gov.1r
Aynnt1h bilgi i~in irtibat: O.AK<;'.A Y ODABASI Ulusal Envanterler Subesi Miidilrii
T.C. K0LT0R VE TURIZM BAKANLIGI ARA$TIRMA VE EGiTiM GENEL M0D0RL0G0
Derman, M. Ugur, islam Ansiklopedisi, "ahar" md., C.1, s.485; "hat" md., C.1 6, s.427-437; "hattat'' md., C.16, s.493-499; "hokka" md., C.18, s.216-218; "hilye" md., C.18, s.47-5 I; "istif" md., C.23, s.330-333; "kalem" md., C.24, s.245-247; "makta" md., C.27, s.454; "muhre" md., C.31, s.527; "murekkep" md., C.32, s.46-47; "nesih" md., c.33, s.1-3; "ta'lik" md., C.39, s.507-508. Turkiye Diyanet Vakf1 Yaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Derman, M. Ugur, Turk Hat Sanat,n,n §aheserleri, Ki.iltur Bakanllg1 Yaymlan, Ankara 1982.
Derman, M.Ugur, Qetin, Nihad M., is/am KO/tar Mirastnda Hat Sanat1, IRCICA Yay., Istanbul 1992
Efe, Ahmet, Guzeli Bulmak: Hattatlann Ha.Ii, Esra Sanat Yaymlan, Kenya 1994.
George, Alain, The Rise of Islamic Calligraphy, London: Saqi Books, 2010.
lnal, lbnulemin Mahmud Kemal, Son Hattatlar, Maarif Bas1mevi, Istanbul 1955.
Kalafat Alpaslan, Dilem Tutku, "Hat Sanat1m1z ve Hattat, Kaligrafist, Yaz1 Tasanmc1s1 ve Egitimcisi Emin Bann", Cumhuriyet Oniversitesi llahiyat Faki.iltesi Dergisi 11 (2), 2007, ss. 317-328.
Kazan, Hilal, Dunden Bugune Hamm Hattatlar, IBB Ki.iltur A.$.Yaymlan, Istanbul 2010.
Memi§ Mehmet, "Osmanl1da Hat Sanatm1 Zirveye Q1karan Egitim Yontemi: Me§k ve lcazet Gelenegi", AI-Farabi Uluslararas1 Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol. 2/3, 2018 ss.53.77.
Ozcan Ali R1za (ed.), Hat ve Tezhip Sanat1, Kultur ve Turizm Bakanhg1 Yaymlan, Ankara 2009.
Rado, $evket. Turk Hattatlan. Tifdruk Matbaac1llk, Istanbul 1984.
Schimmel, Annemarie, Calligraphy and Islamic Culture, London: 1.8. Tauris, 1990.
Serin, Muhiddin, Hat San'at1m1z Tarihr;esi-Malzeme ve Aletler-Me§kler, Kubbealt1 Ne§riyat1, Istanbul 1982.
Serin, Muhittin, Hat Sanat1 ve Me§hur Hattatlar, Kubbealt1 Ne§riyat1, Istanbul 2003.
Serin, Muhittin, Islam Ansiklopedisi, "kufi" md., C.26,5.342-345; "me§k" md., C.29,s .. 372-374; "Mushaf' md.C.31, s.248-254; "rik'a" md. C.35,s.108-109; "rika" md. C.35, s.1 09-110; "sulus" md. C.38, s.128-130; ''tevki" md. C.41, s.36-37. Ti.irkiye Diyanet Vakf1 Yaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Tanmd1, Zeren ve Aldemir Kilercik, Ay§e, Sak1p Sabanci Mi.izesi Kitap Sanatlan ve Hat Koleksiyonu. Edited by Ay§en Anadol, Istanbul: Sak1p Sabanci Muzesi, 2012
Ta§kale Faruk, Gunduz Huseyin, Hat Sanattnda Hilye-i §errte, Antik A.$. Yay., Istanbul 2006.
Turkoglu, Selim, ROh1 Hendese: Husn-i Hat Sanat,, Aktif Matbaas1, Istanbul 2006.
Ulker, Hikmet, Hatttn 9etebisi Hasan 9etebi, Tarih ve Tabiat Vakf1 Yaymlan, Istanbul 2003.
Welch, Anthony, Calligraphy in the Arts of the Muslim World, (Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 1979).
Yaz1c1, Ismail, Hattat Hamid Aytar; Kitab1, Kartalite Kultur Yaymlan, istanbul 2008.
Yaz1r, Mahmud Bedreddin, Medeniyet Ateminde Yaz1 ve Islam Medeniyetinde Ka/em Giizeli, 3 cilt, ne§re haz1rlayan: Ugur Derman, (Ankara: Diyanet l§leri 8a§kanllg1 Yaymlan, 1989).
inonti Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Ernek-ANKARA Tel:03 12 47078 16 F'ax:0 3 12221 3320 hllp://aregern.kulturturizm.gov.tr
Ayrmuh bilgi i~in irt.ibat: D.AKGA Y ODABASI Ulusal Envanterler S ubesi Mildtiril
T.C. K0LT0R VE TURIZM BAKANLIGI ARA$TIRMA VE EGiTiM GENEL M0D0RL0G0
Somut Olmayan Kiiltiirel Mins Ulusal Envanterler ~ubesi Miidiirii
lnonil Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel: 0 31247078 16 Fax:0 3 12 221 33 20 hlt p://aregem.kulturturizm.gov.Lr
Aynnllh bilgi i~in irtibat: D.AK<;AY ODABA$1 Ulusal Envanterler Subesi Mildilril
II
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING
THE FORM OF ICH NATIONAL INVENTORY OF TURKEY
INVENTORY INFORMATION:
Name of the Element: The Art of Calligraphy (Hat)
Other Names of the Element: Husn-i Hat, hat.
Inventory Number of the Element: 01.0076
Date of the Registration: 06/08/2014
Date of the Inventory Update for the Element: June 2016 ve March 2019
ICH Domains of the Element:
• Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe
• Traditional craftsmanship
Provinces Submitted Inventory Form for the Element: Elaz1g (2009), istanbul (2013).
INFORMATION ABOUT THE ELEMENT:
Brief Description about Element:
The art of hat, the traditional art of Islamic calligraphy, is the art of writing with Islamic
letters of Arabic origin by using reed pen and soot ink (or other handmade organic inks) in a
measured and proportional manner, while taking into consideration of the aesthetic values.
The original name of the element (husn-i hat) literally means beautiful writing. A special
paper glazed with organic substances (aharli kagit), kamt§ kalem (reed pen), penknives, makta
(the special slab for trimming the reed pen), hokka (inkwell), and divit (pen case) are the most
used tools in its practice traditionally. The art of hat is one of the most admirable arts such as
painting, architecture, and ornament.
lnonii Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel: 031247078 16 Fax:0312 221 3320 http://arcgem. ku lturturizm. gov .lr
For detailed information: D.AK<;:AY ODABASI Branch Manager of National ICH Inventory
11
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF CULTURE ANO TOURISM GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING
Since the 11 th century Seljuks, hiisn-i hat reaches today throughout numerous Anatolian
Turkish states including Ottomans in which the art acquired fundamental progress.
The whole Qoran (sacred book of Islam), its verses, hadiths (tradition of the Prophet of
Islam), Turkish laconic and poetical couplets are written by husn-i hat.
The a.it of hat is written on special paper, leather or other writing materials with a reed pen
and soot ink. It may also be applied on the su1faces of stone, marble, glass, metal, wood, etc.
by using specific techniques.
Holding the reed pen and its directions on the paper by the master hattat ensures the
peifection of the letters or the compound.
There are different styles of writing which have been evolved over centuries: Tbuluth, jali
(any large type of script) thuluth, naskh, jali naskh, mubaqqaq, raykhan.i, tawqi, riqa', kufic,
ta'liq, jali ta'liq, nasta'liq, siyaqat, diwani, riq'a, gubari (sand grain) are among the commonly
preferred styles. Significant amount of hiisn-i hat works can be observed today in state
correspondences as in1perial edicts, warrants, signatures of the sultans, as well as writings of
religious and public buildings. Today, the art of Hat actively is kept alive by the related
community of the tradition.
Geographical Location of the Element:
Although the element is practiced in all regions of Turkey, most of the hattats (calligraphers)
perform their art in Istanbul, the city which is regarded as the historical and cultural center
where the element is kept strongest.
Related Groups and Communities:
Hattats, (Calligrapher or calligraphy master), their pupils, producers/suppliers of the writing
tool (kami~ kalem - reed pen), producers/suppliers of the special paper (aharli paper that is
glazed with organic substances), the paper burnishers using a special tool (muhre, generally
lnonii Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel:031247078 16 Fax:03122213320 http://aregem.kullunurizm.gov.tr
For detailed information: D.AK<;A Y ODABASI Branch Manager of National ICH Inventory
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF CULTURE ANO TOURISM GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING
made of agate gem), producers/suppliers of soot ink (murekkep), producers/suppliers of the
special trimming slab (makta) for the reed pen, and pencil sharpeners (pen-knives) as weH as
people who acknowledge this art as part of their culture or who are interested in it for their
self-development form the relevant community of this heritage.
Academicians, pertinent NGOs, and private workshops conducting research and providing
formal/ non-formal educational courses are also among the community of the element.
Strategic Safeguarding Plan for the Element:
There is a safeguarding plan related with the element at the national level. The safeguarding
plan prepared together with the related NGOs, bearers, academicians, in 2020 consists of 5
main categories:
Transmission and viability of the element
Visibility and awareness raising measures
- International Cooperation
- Academic and documentation measures
- Training program.mes towards enhancing of the practice
List of Publications Related to the Element:
Acar, M. $inasi, Turk Hat Sanat, (Ara9, Gere9 ve Formlar), Antik A.$. Yaymlan, Istanbul 1999.
Alparslan, Ali, Islam Ansiklopedisi, "celi" md, C.7, s.265-267 "divanT'' md., C.9, s.445-446; "k1t'a" md., C.25, s.505-506 "musenna"md.,C.32, s.87-88. Turkiye Diyanet Vakft Yaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Alparslan, Ali, Osmanlt Hat Sanat, Tarihi, Yap, ve Kredi Yay1nlan, Istanbul 2004.
Bekta~oglu, Mustafa, Hat Sanat, ve Tosyalt Hattatlar, imaj Yaymc1llk, Istanbul 2005.
Berk, Suleyman, Devlet-i Aliyye'den Giiniimiize Hat Sanat,, lnk1lab Yaymlan, Istanbul 2013.
Qetin, Nihad M., "Aklam-1 Sitte" md. Islam Ansiklopedisi, C.2, s.276-280, TDV Yay., Ankara 1989
Dere, Omer Faruk, Hattat Hafiz Osman Efendi, Korpus Kultur Sanat Yaymc1llk, Istanbul 2009.
Dere, Omer Faruk, Yeni Ba§layanlar !<;in Hat Sanatt, Nesih Yaz, Metodu, lnk1lab Vay, ist. 2014.
lnonii Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel:03124707816 Fax:03122213320 http://aregem.kulturturizm.gov.tr
For detailed information: D.AKCA Y ODABASI Branch Manager of National ICH Inventory
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING
Derman, M. Ugur, Eternal Letters. From the Abdul Rahman Al Owais Collection of Islamic Calligraphy, c;ev. Irvin Cemil Schick, {Sharjah; Sharjah Museum of Islamic Civilization, 2009).
Derman, M. Ugur, islam Ansiklopedisi, "ahar" md., C.1, s.485; "hat" md., C.16, s.427-437; "hattat" md., C.16, s.493-499; "hokka" md., C.18, s.216-218; "hilye" md., C.18, s.47-5 I; "istif" md., C.23, s.330-333; "kalem" md., C.24, s.245-247; "makta" md., C.27, s.454; "muhre" md., C.31 , s.527; "murekkep" md., C.32, s.46-47; "nesih" md., c.33, s.1-3; "ta'ITk" md., C.39, s.507-508. Turkiye Diyanet Vakf1 Vaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Derman, M. Ugur, Turk Hat Sanat,n,n $aheserleri, Kultur Bakanllg1 Vaymlan, Ankara 1982.
Derman, M.Ugur, <;etin, Nihad M., is/am Kultur Mirasmda Hat Sanat,, IRCICA Vay., istanbul 1992
Efe, Ahmet, Guzeli Bulmak: Hattatlann Hali, Esra Sanat Vaymlan, Konya 1994.
George, Alain, The Rise of Islamic Calligraphy, London: Saqi Books, 2010.
inal, ibnulemin Mahmud Kemal, Son Hattatlar, Maarif Bas1mevi , Istanbul 1955.
Kalafat Alpaslan, Dilem Tutku, "Hat Sanat1m1z ve Hattat, Kaligrafist, Vaz, Tasanmc1s1 ve Egitimcisi Emin Bann", Cumhuriyet Oniversitesi llahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi 11 (2), 2007, ss. 317-328.
Kazan, Hilal, Dunden Bugune Hamm Hattatlar, IBB Kultur A.$.Vaymlan, Istanbul 2010.
Memi~ Mehmet, "Osmanllda Hat Sanatm1 Zirveye <;1karan Egitim Vontemi: Me~k ve icazet Gelenegi", AI-Farabi Uluslararas1 Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol. 2/3, 2018 ss.53.77.
bzcan Ali R1za (ed.), Hat ve Tezhip SanatJ, Kultur ve Turizm Bakanl191 Vaymlan, Ankara 2009.
Rado, $evket. Turk Hattatlan. Tifdruk Matbaac1llk, istanbul 1984.
Schimmel, Annemarie, Calligraphy and Islamic Culture, London: I.B. Tauris, 1990.
Serin, Muhiddin, Hat San'at1m1z Tarih<;esi-Malzeme ve Aletler-Me§kler, Kubbealt1 Ne~riyat1, Istanbul 1982.
Serin, Muhittin, Hat Sanat, ve Me§hur Hattatlar, Kubbealt1 Ne~riyat1, Istanbul 2003.
Serin, Muhittin, Islam Ansiklopedisi, "k0fi" md., C.26,5.342-345; "me~k" md., C.29,s .. 372-374; "Mushaf' md.C.31, s.248-254; "rik'a" md. C.35,s.108-109; "rika" md. C.35, s.109-11 o; "sulus" md. C.38, s.128-130; "tevki" md. C.41 , s.36-37. Turkiye Diyanet Vakf1 Vaymlan, Ankara 1988-2013.
Tanmd1, Zeren ve Aldemir Kilercik, Ay~e, Sak1p Sabanci Muzesi Kitap Sanatlan ve Hat Koleksiyonu. Edited by Ay~en Anadol, istanbul: Sak1p Sabanci Muzesi, 2012
Ta~kale Faruk, G0nd0z H0seyin, Hat Sanatmda Hilye-i $erife, Antik A.$. Vay., Istanbul 2006.
Turkoglu, Selim, Ruhr Hendese: Husn-i Hat Sanat,, Aktif Matbaas1, istanbul 2006.
Ulker, Hikmet, Hatt,n <;etebisi Hasan <;etebi, Tarih ve Tabiat Vakf1 Vaymlan, Istanbul 2003.
Welch, Anthony, Calligraphy in the Arts of the Muslim World, (Austin, Texas: University of Texas
Press, 1979).
lnonO Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel: 031247078 16 Fax:031222 13320 http://aregem.kulturturizm.gov.tr
For detailed infonnation: O.AK<;:A Y ODABAS I Branch Manager of National ICH In ventory
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF CULTURE ANO TOURISM GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING
Yaz1c1, Ismail, Hattat Hamid Ayta9 Kitab1, Kartalite KOltOr Yayinlan, Istanbul 2008.
Yaz1r, Mahmud Bedreddin, Medeniyet Aleminde Yaz, ve Islam Medeniyetinde Ka/em Guzeli, 3 cilt, ne~re haz1rlayan: Ugur Derman, (Ankara: Diyanet l~leri Ba~kanllg1 Yayinlan, 1989).
Branch Manager of National ICH Inventory
lnon(i Bulvan No:32 Kat:9 06100 Emek-ANKARA Tel: 0 3 1247078 16 Fax:0 312 221 33 20 http://arcgem.kultunurizm.gov.Lr
For detailed information: D.Af<<;A Y ODABA~I Branch Manager of National !CH Inventory
T.C. K0LT0R VE TURiZM BAKANLIGI
ARA~ IRMA VE EGiTiM GENEL MUD0 RL0(;0
SOMUT OLMAYAN KULTUREL MiRAS ULUSAL ENVANTER Fi,Si
Unsurun Adi Hat Sanau
Di~erAdlan Hiisn-i Hat. hat
Hal sanau, Arap as1lh Islam harOeriyle cstetik degcrter dikkate ahnarak Ol~OIU ve nispetli bir ~kilde kam1$ kalcm. is vc sair cl yap1m1
mUrekkeplcrle yaz1 yazma sanaud1r. Bu sanata gtlzcl yaz1 manasrna gelen hUsn-i hat denilmi1tir. Bu sannun icrasrnda aharh kagu, katn1$ kalcm, kalcmura$, makta, hokka ve divit gibi malzemclcr kullamhr. Hat sanau; mimarhk, bezeme vc resirn gibi gOrende hayranhk uyandtran sanatlardand1r. Tilrkiye"de bu sanat 11. yiizyilda Sel~uklulardan itibaren ba$1ayarak Anadolu'da kurulan TUrk beylikleri ve
Osmanltlar tarafmdan yiizy,llar i9inde uygulantp gcli11irilcrek gUnUmuzc ulll$mt$tlr. Hilsn-i hal ile Kur'an-1 Kerim, ayetler. hadislcr. Tilrk~c vcciz sozler ve beyitler y:whr. HUsn-i hat, k3tn1$ kalem vc is milrek.kebiyle aharh kaj\11 ve deri gibi malzcmeler Uzerine yaz1ltr. Aynca ta$. mermcr, 9ini, cam, maden vc ah$3p Uzerine de kcndinc has yontcmlerlc uygulanabilir.
Kalemin tutulu$U, yllrtitillU$U onaya ~ harf veya terkiplcrin mOkcmmeliyetini tcmin eder.
HUsn-i haua siilils, ccli s010s, nesih, muhakkak, reyhiini, tevki', rika', kOfl, siyftkat. ta'lik. celi ta'lik. divani. ccli dMini, rik'a, gubari vb. y:w tilrleri bulunmaktadtr.
Bu yazt tUrlerinin Onemli bir txllUmU ferrnanlar, bcratlar, padi$ah 1ugralan vb. dcvlet yaz11malannda, dini yaptlar ve knmu binalannda
Sel~uklular. Osman!tlar tarafmdan icra edilerek gUntimUze ulll$mt$llf. Hat sanau gtlnUmUzde unsurun ilgili toplulugu taraftndan aktif bir
~kilde ya$3Ulmaktadtr.
SOKOM Alanlan
Cogran Da!lllun (Unsur i9n envantcr fom1u gOnderen Hle.r)
Doga ve evrenle ilgili uygulamalar, El sanatlan gelcncgi.
Elaz1g, Istanbul
E nvanter Numaras1 Ooay Taribj
01.0076 6.08.2014
llgili Topluluk, Grup ve Bireyler (Unsurla ilgili bilgisi ve koruma
raaliyeli bulunanlar)
Hattatlar, bu ki~ilerin ogrencileri, hUsn-i hat icrasrndn kullantlan aharh kag,1 yap1mc1lan. mUrekkepyiler, mUhrezenler (mUhre: ham kli~tlan dUz hale ge1irip parlakhk vermck i~in kullantlan alet). makta ve kalemltfll$ yap1mc1 lan ile bu sanau kUhUrUnUn bir paryas, olnrak kabul eden veya ki$iSCI geli~imi i~in ilgilenen ki1iler bu mirasm ilgili toplulugunu olu~turur. Akademisyenler, Si vii Toplum Kurulu$1an ile :ira~urrnn ve yaygm/OrgUn egitim kurslan dilzenleyen Ozel atolyeler de unsurun ilgil i topluluklandtr.
Dt)H Ulusal Envanlerler Sube M' iirii
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MlNJSTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM
GENERAL DIRECTORATE AND RESEARCH AND TRAINING
THE REGISTRATION FORM OF ICH NATIONAL INVENTORY OF TURKEY
Name or the Element The A11 of Calligraphy (ha1)
Other name(s) or the Element Hl/sn-i Hai, har.
The 311 of ha1, the inditional an of Islamic calligraphy. is lhe art of \\riling wilh Islamic letters of Arabic origin by using reed pen and soot ink (or olher handmade organic inks) in a measured and proportional manner. while taking into consideration of lhe aeslhetic values. The original name of lhe element (hUsn-i hat) literally means beautiful writing. A special paper glazed wilh organic substances (aharh katu), kam1~ kalem (reed pen). penknives, makta (the special slab for trimming lhe reed pen). hokka (inkwell). and divit (pen case) arc lhe most l1Sed 1001s in its practice traditionally. The 311 of hat is one of lhe most admirable aru such as painting. architecture, and ornament. Since the I llh century Seljuks. hUsn-i hat reaches today lhroughou1 numerous Anatolian Turkish StateS including Onomans in which lhe 011 acquired fundamental progress. The whole Qoran (sacred book of Islam), its ,erses. hadiths (tradition of the Prophet of Islam), Turkish laconic and poetical couplets are wriuen by hUsn-i hat The an of hat is wriuen on special paper. lealher or olher writing materials wilh a reed pen and soot ink. h may also be applied on the surfaces or stone. marble, glass. metal. wood, etc. by using specific techniques. Holding lhe reed pen and its directions on the paper by lhe master hauat ensures lhe perfection of the letters or the compound. There are different styles of writing which have been evolved over cenruries: Thululh, jali (any large type of script) thululh. naskh, jali naskh. muhaqqaq. raykblini, tawqi, riqB', kufic. ta'liq, jali ta'liq, nasta'liq, siyaqat, diwani, riq'a, gubari (sand grain) are among the commonly preferred styles. Significant amount of hUsa-i hat works can be observed today in state correspondences as imperial edicts. warrants, signatures of the sultans. as well as "'ritings of religious and public buildings. Today, the an of Hat actively is kept alive by the related community of lhe tradition.
ICH DOMAIN(S) Knowledge and practices concerning nature and lhe universe, Traditional craftsmanship
Geognphical Oi,trubutions (Cities submitted inventory form for tht Elaz,g, Istanbul
clem•nt)
Inventory Number
01.0076
Daleo
06.08.2014
Related communiti«, groups and indhiduals (Those proriding evidence tor safeguardlng the
element)
Hattats, (Calligrapher or calligraphy master), !heir pupils. producers/suppliers of lhe writing 1001 (kami~ kalem • reed pen), producers/suppliers of lhe special paper (ahar~ paper lhat is glazed ,.;lh organic substances). the paper burnishers using a special tool (muhrc, generally made of agate gem), producers/suppliers of soot ink (mUrckkep), producers/suppliers of the special trimming slab (makta) for the reed pen. and pencil sharpeners (penknives) as well as people who acknowledge this 811 as pa!1 of their cul111re or who are interested in it for !heir self-development fonn the relevant community of this heritage. Academicians, pertinent NGOs. and private workshops conducting research and providing formal/ non-fonnal educational courses arc also among the community of the clement
