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Basic Airway. Abdullah Alsakka EM Consultant. Objectives. Review airway anatomy Review basic airway maneuvers. The Upper Airway. A B C D E F G H. Epiglottis Mandible Frontal Sinus Soft Palate Trachea Glottis Esophagus Vocal Cords. The Upper Airway. Other Structures - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Upper AirwayEpiglottis
Mandible
Frontal Sinus
Soft Palate
Trachea
Glottis
Esophagus
Vocal Cords
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Functions of the Upper Airway Passageway for air Warm Filter Humidify Protection
◦ Gag Reflex◦ Cough
Speech
The Lower AirwayPrimary Bronchi
Hyoid Bone
Right Lung
Secondary Bronchi
Tracheal Ligament
Trachea
Larynx
Esophagus
Left Lung
Trachea
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Airway Anatomy Upper Airway
◦ Pharynx◦ Epiglottis◦ Glottis◦ Vocal cords◦ Larynx
Lower Airway◦ Trachea◦ Bronchi◦ Alveoli◦ Lung tissue, consisting of lobes and lobules (3 on
the right and 2 on the left)◦ Pleura
Basic Airway Maneuvers ALWAYS REMEMBER THE BASICS
These skills should be used prior to initiating any advanced airway technique◦ Head-tilt/chin lift◦ Jaw thrust◦ Modified jaw thrust (for trauma patients)◦ Sellick’s maneuver
1.Oropharyngeal Airway Size is measured from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw
Sizes range from 0-6
It holds the tongue away from the posterior pharynx, but does not isolate the trachea
Oral Airway continued The oral airway is inserted with the curve towards the side of the mouth
Then rotated so that the curve of the airway matches the curve of the tongue
2.Nasopharyngeal Airway Soft plastic or rubber tube that is designed to pass just inferior to the base of the tongue
Passed through one of the nares and can be used in patients with an intact gag reflex
CONTRAINDICATED in cases of suspected or possible basilar skull fracture Sizes range from 17-26 cm in length and 6-9 mm internal diameter Measured from tip of the nose to the corner of the patients ear
Nasal Airway continued The nasal airway is lubricated with a water soluble lubricant
The beveled tip is inserted directed towards the septum, with the airway directed perpendicular to the face
If resistance is met, rotating the airway may help or the other nare may be used
Bag-Valve-Mask VentilationVery important skill to know
May provide temporary or definitive airway management.
One person - importance of a good seal.
Two person technique more effective.
In EMS setting may be as useful as endotracheal intubation.