BELLWORK 1. What was decided at the Yalta Conference? 2. What was decided at the Potsdam Conference?...
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BELLWORK 1. What was decided at the Yalta Conference? 2. What was decided at the Potsdam Conference? 3. What decisions created conflict between the “Big Three” during the conferences? 4. List Hitler’s three acts of aggression. 5. Define genocide. 6. THINKER: Why does a country, person, or government commit
BELLWORK 1. What was decided at the Yalta Conference? 2. What was decided at the Potsdam Conference? 3. What decisions created conflict between the “Big
BELLWORK 1. What was decided at the Yalta Conference? 2. What
was decided at the Potsdam Conference? 3. What decisions created
conflict between the Big Three during the conferences? 4. List
Hitlers three acts of aggression. 5. Define genocide. 6. THINKER:
Why does a country, person, or government commit genocide? How can
genocide be stopped?
Slide 2
Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be
the annihilation of the Jews... until all Germany has completely
been cleansed of Jews. Adolf Hitler
Slide 3
Nazi Creed Nazism focused on the beliefs of Adolf Hitler. These
beliefs were outlined in his book, Mein Kampf You will now read
summaries of Hitlers main points in this autobiography. Be ready to
discuss the following questions: 1. How does Hitler view the German
Master Race? What are they allowed to do? 2. Why are Jews
considered inferior? 3. What does Hitler think about Democracy? 4.
How will Hitler use propaganda? 5. What tactics/emotions does
Hitler use to control the masses?
Slide 4
Anti-Semitism Aryans > Semites When Hitler became leader in
1933, he made anti-Semitism (discrimination directed at Jews) the
official policy of Germany. This hatred led to the Holocaust: Nazi
Germanys mass murder of undesirable races. Included Jews, gypsies,
homosexuals, disabled, mentally challenged, communists, homeless,
and dissenters. Enforced by the Gestapo: Nazi secret police
Nuremburg Laws: 1935 series of anti-Semitic laws; defined the
targeted races Final Solution: Goal to annihilate all Jewish
people; led by Heinrich Himmler
Slide 5
Himmler: Chief of German Police (SS) in the Third Reich
Slide 6
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Kristallnacht Night of the Broken Glass November 9, 1938: Nazi
thugs in Germany and Austria destroyed Jewish stores, houses and
synagogues.
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Ghettos Nazi plans for dealing with Jews included establishment
of ghettos: areas in which minority groups are concentrated. Nazis
took 30% of Warsaws pop. and sealed them off in the Warsaw ghetto.
Ghettos were surrounded with walls & barbed wire.
Slide 11
Jews move into the Kovno ghetto. Lithuania, 1941.
Slide 12
A sign, in both German and Latvian, warning that people
attempting to cross the fence or to contact inhabitants of the Riga
ghetto will be shot. Riga, Latvia, 1941-1943.
Slide 13
A child eats in the streets of the Warsaw ghetto. Warsaw,
Poland.
Slide 14
Children eating in the ghetto streets. Warsaw, Poland.
German Jewish Family before the war- only two survived the
Holocaust
Slide 21
Deportation of Jewish children from an orphanage. Lodz ghetto,
Poland.
Slide 22
Child forced laborer in a ghetto factory. Kovno, Lithuania,
between 1941 and 1944
Slide 23
A Jewish victim of life in a concentration camp
Slide 24
Mass grave of Holocaust victims
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Once the people were killed, they were cremated in large
furnaces like this one
Slide 27
Auschwitz
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3 million died here by systematic starvation, forced labor,
lack of disease control, individual executions, and "medical
experiments". Camp was divided into three parts: Auschwitz I
administration Auschwitz II extermination camp Auschwitz III labor
camp Soviet troops liberated the camp on January 27, 1945, which
came to be known as Holocaust Remembrance day.
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Medical Experimentations
Slide 35
Allied Help Witold Pilecki: Polish army captain who agreed to
spend 945 days in Auschwitz. He gathered evidence of genocide and
sent it to Britain. Two prisoners, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler,
escaped and gave a detailed report about the camp. Convinced Allied
leaders about the truth of Auschwitz.
Slide 36
Birkenau Revolt On October 7, 1944, the Jewish Sonderkommandos
of Auschwitz II staged an uprising. They attacked prison guards and
blew up the Crematorium IV. Joined by other inmates who overpowered
guards and broke out of the compound.
Slide 37
Liberation of Auschwitz In November 1945, generals ordered the
crematoriums to be destroyed before the Red Army reached Auschwitz.
Gas chambers were blown up to hide evidence of German crimes. The
Death March: there were 60,000 prisoners left in Auschwitz. Forced
them to walk to Loslau, another Polish concentration camp. 15,000
died on the way, but eventually Soviet forces infiltrated all
camps.
Slide 38
Holocaust Comes to an End In 1944, FDR created War Refugee
Board (WRB): programs and funding to help rescue Jews Nazis began
abandoning camps for fear of Allied advances. In 1945, American
& Soviet armies reached the concentration camps. Nuremburg
Trials: Former Nazi leaders on trial for crimes against peace,
crimes against humanity, and war crimes. 24 Nazi defendants 12
executed
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Total Deaths: 9-11 Million
Slide 41
Holocaust Facts 1. Jewish Population 2. Greek Origin 3. Maria
Mandel 4. Amount of Z-klon B 5. Nazi Escape 6. Grave Discovery 7.
Berlin Olympics 8. Chocolate
Slide 42
Where was America? Did Americans know the Holocaust was
happening? If so, why didnt they do anything earlier? Why did they
wait so long to help? Similar stories during WWI Thought it was an
exaggeration Major news sources downplayed its importance New York
Times reported the victims as refugees Were timid about mixed
Jewish German readership Never highlighted its importance
Slide 43
CLOSURE What fact/term/concept/idea about the Holocaust sticks
out the most to you? Explain! Many German citizens knew about the
Holocaust as it was happening but chose to do nothing. Do you think
this makes them just as guilty? What could they have done to help?
What might have happened if they decided to speak out against the
government?