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A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 8 / 2 0 1 9
BETTER RIDES IN A CHANGING WORLDTAKING SINGAPORE’S PUBLIC TRANSPORT
VISIONA sustainable public transport system, the preferred choice for all.
MISSIONTo work in collaboration with commuters, transport operators and Government agencies to improve our public transport system by:
• Keeping public transport fares affordable while ensuring the sustainability of the public transport system; and
• Providing objective, evidence-based advice to the Government to improve the service quality of public transport and commuters’ travelling experience
CORE VALUESPROFESSIONALISMStrive for service excellence in what we do and how we do it
INTEGRITYUphold high standards of moral and ethical principles
OBJECTIVITYBe fair and open to differing views with the aim of achieving an optimal balance
INNOVATIONSeek new ways to improve public transport
OUR CORPORATEPROFILE02 About Public Transport Council04 Council Members07 Organisation Structure
01
MOVE FORWARD WITH PURPOSE10 Message from the Chairman and
Chief Executive14 At a Glance
02
PUTTING COMMUTERS AT THE CENTREOF EVERYTHING WE DO18 Safeguarding commuters’ interest by
ensuring affordable and sustainable fares
22 Safe and convenient fare payment systems
24 Understanding commuters to deliver a better commuting experience
03
EVERY JOURNEY MATTERS28 Co-Creation Initiatives04
FUTURE FORWARD34 Data and Behavioural Sciences: Deeper
insights, Powering new possibilities05
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS38 Financial Statements73 General Information
06
ABOUTPUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL (PTC) REGULATES PUBLIC TRANSPORT FARES AND TICKET PAYMENT SERVICES. IT ALSO UNDERTAKES THE ROLE OF ADVISOR TO THE MINISTER FOR TRANSPORT ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT MATTERS. ESTABLISHED IN 1987 UNDER THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL ACT (CAP 259B), PTC OPERATES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH OVERARCHING PUBLIC TRANSPORT POLICIES.
The 17-member Council has a broad and diverse representation from academia, labour union, transport industry and the people sector. Many of the Council members commute regularly by public transport for work and leisure. Through their experiences, they can better understand and empathise with commuters’ concerns. PTC also proactively engages commuters and relevant stakeholders to solicit their views on public transport matters. The feedback enables PTC to consider and evaluate public transport issues holistically and make balanced recommendations to improve the public transport system.
2 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
The key statutory powers of PTC include:
PTC strives to keep public transport fares affordable for commuters while ensuring the sustainability of the public transport system. It also endeavours to enhance commuters’ travel experience by providing objective, evidence-based advice to the Minister for Transport. PTC works closely with public transport industry players and government agencies such as the Ministry of Transport and the Land Transport Authority.
Regulating bus and train fares
Regulating ticket payment services for buses and trains
Regulating penalty fees to deter fare evasion
Advising the Minister for Transport on public transport matters
3ANNUAL REPORT 2019
COUNCILMEMBERS
1 Mr Tan Kim Hong ChiefExecutiveOfficer,PublicTransportCouncil2 Mr Richard Magnus
Chairman, Public Transport Council3 Mr Fang Chin Poh
General Secretary, National Transport Workers Union4 Mr Yeo Teck Guan
Senior Group Director, Public Transport, Land Transport Authority5 Mr Lim Bok Ngam
Former Deputy Chief Executive, Land Transport Authority6 Dr Lynette Cheah
Assistant Professor, Engineering Systems, Singapore University of Technology and Design
1 2
3
4 6
5
4 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
7 8
9
1012
11
7 Mr Abdullah Shafiie Bin Mohamed Sidik Chairman, Siglap South Community Centre Management Committee Vice-Chairman, Joo Chiat Community Club Management Committee8 Dr Kwoh Chee Keong
Chairman, Keat Hong Citizens’ Consultative Committee9 Associate Professor Patricia Tan Mui Siang
Associate Professor, Accounting, Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University10 Associate Professor Vincent Chua Cheng Huat Head,Research,OfficeofthePresident,SingaporeUniversityofSocialSciences11 Ms Anne Chua Tai Hua Head, Finance, CapitaLand Commercial Trust12 Ms Rahayu Mahzam Associate Director, Heng Leong & Srinivasan
5ANNUAL REPORT 2019
COUNCILMEMBERS
13 Ms Chua Lee Hoong Senior Director, Resilience Policy and Research Centre Senior Director, National Security Research Centre, NationalSecurityCoordinationSecretariat,PrimeMinister’sOffice14 Mr Lim Boon Wee Deputy Secretary, Services, Ministry of Education15 Mr Adrian Chua Deputy Secretary, Administration, Ministry of Defence16 Ms Lee Huay Leng Head, Chinese Media Group, Singapore Press Holdings17 Mr Thuvinder Singh s/o Bachan Singh NTUC Central Committee Member General Secretary, Union of Telecoms Employees of Singapore
13
14 15 16 17
PTC would like to place on record our appreciation to Mr Arasu Duraisamy, Mr Gopinath Menon, Mr Karmjit Singh, Mr Sng Chern Wei and Ms Tan Seow Peer for their invaluable contributions. They have stepped down from the Council, with effect from 1 May 2019.
6 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
ORGANISATIONSTRUCTURE
Chairman
DirectorCorporate Services
DirectorPolicy & Regulation
Chief Transformation & Data Officer
Transformation & Research Analytics
Senior DirectorCorporate
Communications
DirectorStrategic
Communications & Engagement
DirectorInsights & Advisory
Richard Magnus
Chief ExecutiveTan Kim Hong
Cheryl Ng Kok Tze WengDaniel Lau Han Liang Yuan Lee Kwok MingHeng Ju-Li
7ANNUAL REPORT 2019
MOVE FORWARD WITH
PURPOSE
MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE
LET’S GET THERE,
Mr Richard MagnusChairman
Mr Tan Kim HongChief Executive
10 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
EVOLVING PUBLIC TRANSPORT LANDSCAPE
The public transport landscape is evolving relentlessly. Technology and demographics are driving unprecedented changes. New business models and mobility services haveemerged,transformingtravelpatternsandredefiningurban mobility.
Advances in digital technology, big data and artificialintelligence have enabled real-time analysis of commuter behaviour and travel patterns, opening up new possibilities for seamless and accessible public transport services. For example, mobile and smart technologies have made on-demand public transportation a reality.
Commuters’ expectations also continue to rise, with increasing demand for higher service levels, on-demand transport services and seamless connectivity. The population is also ageing. As society evolves, its public transportsystemhastoevolveaswell.Today,flexibleandaccessible transportation options have been introduced to cater to vulnerable commuters with special mobility needs.
COMMUTER-CENTRIC PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Public transport seeks to serve commuters. Putting commuters first has always been at the core of our strategies and efforts, as we strive to build a commuter-centric public transport system. We engage commuters and take into account their views and feedback, as part of our approach to co-create solutions and co-produce positive outcomes for all stakeholders. We
aregratifiedthat theresultsof the2018PublicTransportCustomer Satisfaction Survey (PTCSS) have validated the efficacyofourapproach.Customersatisfactionwithpublictransport in 2018 has improved. The mean satisfaction score increased to 7.9 out of 10 in 2018, the highest in more than a decade, compared to 7.7 in 2017.
Harnessing digital technology is critical to raising our service standard to meet rising commuters’ expectations and demand. It involves analytics work for us to understand commuters’ expenditure, travel patterns, experience and perceptions. We also monitor industry changes to ensure commuter-centric initiatives.
NURTURING A CARING COMMUTING CULTURE
Since 2017, the Public Transport Council (PTC) has been championing the Caring SG Commuters movement through our co-creation initiatives to foster a caring commuting culture. The movement aligns with the “Transport For All” theme of the Land Transport Master Plan (LTMP) 2040. The LTMP 2040 envisions a public transport system that is anchored by a gracious and caring commuting culture.
Our efforts to foster a more inclusive and caring commuting culture received international recognition when PTC was awarded the International Association of Public Transport (UITP) Asia-Pacific Special Recognition Award for ourHeart Zone and Heartwheels @ Linkway projects at the Global Public Transport Summit in Stockholm, Sweden in June 2019.
SINCE 2017, THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL (PTC) HAS BEEN CHAMPIONING THE CARING SG COMMUTERS MOVEMENT THROUGH OUR CO-CREATION INITIATIVES TO FOSTER A CARING COMMUTING CULTURE.
11ANNUAL REPORT 2019
MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE
PTC will adopt a design-thinking schema to integrate an inclusive public transport system and enhance travel experience for all commuters including those with special mobility needs. We have also embarked on intergenerational and constituency-based initiatives in FY2018/2019. Our CARE Ride @ South West (Caring commuters Assist Readily with Empathy) intergenerational pilot and constituency-based CARE by Chung Cheng pilot involve collaboration with Fei Yue Community Services, a social service agency and schools respectively. These projects provide opportunities for younger commuters to better understand the travel needs of seniors, empower elderly commuters to travel more confidently on publictransport and build understanding and care across different generations of commuters.
ENSURING FARES REMAIN AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE
PTC’s mandate is to ensure that public transport fares are affordable. Over the years, we have been able to improve the overall fare affordability for commuters, based on our Public Transport Affordability Indicator (PTAI) which measures the percentage of family income spent on public transport. Since 2008, the PTAIs for the average commuters and lower income commuters have decreased from 2.7% to 1.7% and 4.1% to 2.5% respectively.
Beyond the PTAI, PTC also benchmarks against the public transport fare levels of other international cities. A PTC-commissioned study conducted by Nanyang Technological University in 2018 found that when compared against 11 major cities, Singapore ranked 2nd in terms of public transport fare affordability. A report published by independent management consultant, McKinsey and Company in June 2018, also ranked Singapore top for fare affordability in a study comparing 24 major cities around the world. One of the key policy changes made in FY2018/2019 was the Enhanced Transfer Rules, which took effect in December 2018. With the Enhanced Transfer Rules, commuters have the flexibility tomakemultiple rail transferswithout incurringan additional boarding charge. As of today, about 6,000 dailyjourneyshavealreadybenefittedfromlowerfaresorshorter travel times. Based on our analysis of daily travel patterns, around 67,000 journeys can potentially benefitfrom lower fares and/or shorter travel time if commuters adjust their current travel routes to take advantage of the Enhanced Transfer Rules.
We are mindful of the need to balance fare affordability and the financial sustainability of our public transportsystem. After three consecutive years of fare reductions, fare was adjusted by 4.3% from 29 December 2018. The financial landscape for thepublic transport industryremains challenging ahead; with a widening gap between fares and operating costs and increasing operating losses for both rail operators.
WE ARE MINDFUL OF THE NEED TO BALANCE FARE AFFORDABILITY AND THE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF OUR PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM.
12 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
FOCUS ON TRANSFORMATION
The Transformation and Research Analytics division was established on 1 June 2018 to drive corporate transformation, digitalisation and strengthen in-house data analytics capability. We have built a team with a range of industry knowledge and domain expertise in areas like engineering, psychology, transportation, urban management and data science. The division conducts research on both local and international best practices and developments in public transport so as to gather more actionable insights to improve the commuters’ travel experience, enhance strategic communications and strengthen public engagement. The division oversees surveys, research and benchmarking studies, engagement with academics and established international platforms, such as the Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP, International Association of Public Transport) based in Belgium.
APPRECIATION
As part of the Council’s renewal process, we are pleased to welcome into the Council, Mr Lim Bok Ngam, former Deputy Chief Executive of Land Transport Authority, Mr Lim Boon Wee, Deputy Secretary (Services) at Ministry of Education, Ms Rahayu Mahzam, lawyer and Member of Parliament for Jurong Group Representation Constituency,
Dr Lynette Cheah, Assistant Professor of Engineering Systems at the Singapore University of Technology and Design, and Mr Thuvinder Singh, General Secretary of the Union of Telecoms Employees of Singapore. We are confident that they have the right balance of skills andexperience to take the Council forward, creating greater diversity of views and approaches. We would like to place on record our appreciation to Mr Arasu Duraisamy, Mr Gopinath Menon, Mr Karmjit Singh, Mr Sng Chern Wei and Ms Tan Seow Peer for their invaluable contributions; they have all stepped down from the Council.
We wish to thank the Council for their untiring efforts and hard work in contributing to the transformation of the public transport landscape and paving the way for the development of a future-ready transport system. We will continue to work with stakeholders and partners to deliver reliable, safe and affordable public transport services. We look forward to working with them to drive Singapore’s public transport into the future.
Richard MagnusChairman, PTC
Tan Kim HongChief Executive, PTC
13ANNUAL REPORT 2019
AT A GLANCE
About
6,000dailyjourneysbenefitted from shorter travel times
and/or lower fares with the Enhanced Transfer Rules
99.2% of commuters happy with
Point-to-Point services
97.9%of commuters satisfiedwith
public transport
(1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019)
14 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
12%reduction in bus and
train fare evasion cases
98%daily trips on public
transport are made using contactless cards
97.9%of commuters satisfiedwith
public transport
>17,000commuters engaged through
in-depth interviews, focus group discussion sessions, surveys
and workshops
>336,000commutershavebenefitted
daily from the morning pre-peak travel discounts since its introduction in
December 2017
15ANNUAL REPORT 2019
PUTTING COMMUTERS AT THE CENTRE OF
EVERYTHING WE DO
SAFEGUARDING COMMUTERS’ INTEREST BY ENSURING AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE FARES
Public transport is all about the commuters. Their views and feedback are important to our efforts to improve public transport services. The results of the 2018 Public Transport Customer Satisfaction Survey conducted by the Public Transport Council (PTC) indicated that progress has been made to enhance commuters’ travel experience. The survey showed that commuter satisfaction levels with public transport improved in 2018, with the mean satisfaction score rising to 7.9 out of 10 in 2018, the highest in more than a decade and up from 7.7 in 2017. PTC is encouraged by the positive results and will continue to work harder with our stakeholders to improve our public transportsystemforthebenefitofourcommuters.
COMMUTER SATISFACTION LEVELS WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORT IMPROVED OVER THE YEARS
7.97.7
7.67.27.1
20182017201620152014
Mea
n Sa
tisfa
ctio
n Sc
ore
Public Transport
18 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
Summary of 2018 Fare Review Exercise
The 2018 Fare Review Exercise was conducted based on the new fare formula applicable from 2018 to 2022. The Network Capacity Factor, which better reflects costmovements due to changes in public transport network capacity, was incorporated into the formula for the firsttime. Following three consecutive years of fare reductions totalling 8.3%, fare was adjusted by 4.3%. The decision took into consideration the delicate balance of fare affordability and the rising costs faced by public transport operators.
In recommending the fare adjustment, PTC tried its best to be fair and also balanced the impact for different commuter groups, particularly the disadvantaged groups. Adjustment
was made to adult fares with minimal change to the concession fares for students, senior citizens, low-wage workers and persons with disabilities. The Government also gave out 300,000 Public Transport Vouchers, worth $30 each, to help lower income families cope with the fare adjustment.
Additionally, PTC has enhanced transfer rules to allow commuters to make multiple rail transfers without incurring an additional boarding charge. The new transfer rules give commuters more flexibility to optimise their publictransport travel to save cost and/or time. About 6,000 daily journeysbenefittedfromthesechangesandthisnumberis expected to increase as commuters adjust their travel patterns.
PUBLIC TRANSPORT IS ALL ABOUT THE COMMUTERS. THEIR VIEWS AND FEEDBACK ARE IMPORTANT TO OUR EFFORTS TO IMPROVE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES.
19ANNUAL REPORT 2019
SAFEGUARDING COMMUTERS’ INTEREST BY ENSURING AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE FARES
AFFORDABLE FARES
Over the past decade, public transport fares have become more affordable as indicated by the Public Transport Affordability Indicator (PTAI), which measures the percentage of monthly household income spent on public transport. Since 2008, the average commuters (second quintile income households) and lower income commuters (second decile income households) have seen their PTAI improved from 2.7% to 1.7% and 4.1% to 2.5% respectively.
PTC is also monitoring fare affordability trends through international benchmarking studies. In a Nanyang Technological University study commissioned by the PTC, it was found that Singapore’s senior citizen and student concessionary fares were among the lowest across the 12 cities compared. In fact, the eligibility age for seniors to enjoy senior citizen concessionary fares in Singapore, at 60 years old, is one of the lowest, allowing more commuters tobenefitfromtheconcessionaryfaresatanearlierage.
PUBLIC TRANSPORT AFFORDABILITY INDICATOR (since 2008)
2.7% to 1.7%AVERAGE COMMUTERS
4.1% to 2.5%LOWER INCOME COMMUTERS
20 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
Another finding from the studywas that in terms of farerevenue collected per passenger kilometre, Singapore was the lowest among Hong Kong, Sydney, Toronto, New York, San Francisco and London.
FARE STRUCTURE FOR OTHER MODES
Taxis and non-public buses
Today,commutersfinditeasiertocomparefaresacrossdifferent taxi companies. This can be attributed to the standardised taxi fare structure that was implemented in 2015. With the structure, each taxi company has only one set of unit fares for its standard taxis and another set for its premium taxis. Additionally, each taxi company will also
have just one set of standard taxi booking fee for peak-period, off-peak and advance bookings as well as another set for its premium taxis.
Commuters also have a choice between taking non-public buses and public transport. Always putting commuters at the centre of everything we do, PTC requires operators of non-public buses to submit their fare pricing policies for approval before implementation. This safeguards commuter interests. During the year in review, PTC approved 27 such applications on fare pricing.
Private Hire Cars
PTC commissioned the Point-to-Point Transport Services Customer Satisfaction Survey to measure user satisfaction for taxi and private hire car services and to understand the expectations of these users of both taxis and private hire cars. Results showed that 99.6% of respondents indicated they were satisfied with taxi service, while 98.8% weresatisfiedwithprivatehirecars.Thisshowsthatabalancehad been achieved between safeguarding commuter needs and encouraging the development of different transport service modes.
Public Transport Affordability Indicator (since 2007)
SINGAPORE’S CONCESSIONARY FARES
LOWESTCONCESSIONARY FARES ACROSS THE 12 CITIES COMPARED
60 YEARS OLDELIGIBILITY AGE FOR SENIORS TO ENJOY CONCESSIONS
PTC is currently working closely with the Land Transport Authority on the new regulatory framework for street-hail and ride-hail services that provide the same fundamental service of transporting commuters from point to point. We will extend today’s taxi fare regulatory approach to private hire car fares. This will safeguard commuter and driver interests in the area of taxi and PHC fare transparency. The new regulatory framework will commence in June 2020.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION SURVEY RESULTS
99.6%SATISFACTION IN TAXI SERVICES
98.8%SATISFACTION IN PRIVATE HIRE SERVICES
SINGAPORE’S PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS COLLECT THE LOWEST FARE REVENUE
FOR EVERY PASSENGER KILOMETREFor example, for a trip of 10km, Londoners
pay on average at least S$0.80 (71%) more than Singapore commuters
Passenger kilometre = total distance travelled by passengers within the public transport network.
Singapore
S$0.11
HongKong
27%S$0.14
Sydney
33%S$0.15
Toronto
41%S$0.16
NewYork
55%S$0.17
SanFrancisco
60%S$0.18
London
71%
S$0.19
* Based on statistics collected in 2016
21ANNUAL REPORT 2019
SAFE AND CONVENIENTFARE PAYMENT SYSTEMS
With more Singaporeans using various forms of payments for everyday transactions, it is also timely for the public transport system to adopt new payment technology for fare payments. The Land Transport Authority (LTA) has piloted SimplyGo since March 2017, enabling public transport fare payments with contactless cards, including MasterCard or Visa credit and debit cards.
Most of the daily public transport trips today are made using Contactless e-Purse Application Standard (CEPAS) compliant cards, which include EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay cards. All fees and charges related to these cards, including top-ups and refunds are regulated by the PTC.
22 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
BUS AND TRAIN FARE EVASION ACCORDING TO PENALTY TYPE
FY2018/2019
APPEALS ACCORDING TOPENALTY TYPE
FY2018/2019
68%13%
19%
Following a successful trial SimplyGo was launched officially on 4 April 2019. Commuters can now usecontactless bank cards or mobile phones to pay for their travel on public transport and do not need to top up their fare cards.
PTC has put in place an effective penalty fee regime to deter fare evasion on our bus and train systems. Public TransportOfficials,identifiedbyAuthorityCardsissuedbyPTC, inspect commuters’ tickets for proper fare payment and undertake enforcement against those found evading fares. Such behaviour can possibly lead to significantlossesthatthreatenthefinancialsustainabilityofthepublictransport system.
A total of 4,821 fare evasion cases were detected in FY2018/19. About 54% of the cases were settled by the fare evaders through payment of the penalty fee or composition sum. In the same period, 2,322 appeals were processed. There was a 12% reduction in bus and train fare evasion cases in FY 2018/19 compared to the 5,509 fare evasion cases detected in FY 2017/18. Meanwhile, 258 taxi fare evasion cases were referred to PTC/LTA for investigation. PTC will continue to work closely with LTA and the taxi operators to protect the livelihood of our taxi drivers.
69%19%
12%
Non-payment Under-payment Misuse of concession & non-transferable ticket
23ANNUAL REPORT 2019
“Transport for All” is one of the themes under the Land Transport Master Plan (LTMP 2040). As part of its efforts to realise the vision of LTMP 2040, the Public Transport Council (PTC) strives to foster a progressive, inclusive and sustainable public transport system for Singapore. To this end, PTC has put in place many feedback mechanisms to engage various groups of commuters and stakeholders to gather their insights and views on how we can make our commuting culture more gracious and caring. These insights are very useful for PTC to shape and surface recommendations for improvement to the public transport system as an independent advisor to the Minister for Transport.
UNDERSTANDING COMMUTERS TO DELIVER A BETTER COMMUTING EXPERIENCE
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT SURVEYS
Public Transport Customer Satisfaction Survey
Point-to-point Transport Services Customer Satisfaction Survey
24 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
The insights which are obtained from our interactions with diverse groups of commuters through surveys, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and workshops, support PTC’s recommendations. In the year under review, PTC conducted 30 public engagement sessions and also conducted surveys, namely the Public Transport Customer Satisfaction Survey and the Point-to-Point Transport Services Customer Satisfaction Survey. In total, more than 17,000 commuters were engaged across a wide demographic spectrum to ensure diversity of views.
25ANNUAL REPORT 2019
EVERY JOURNEY
MATTERS
THE LAND TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN (LTMP) 2040 ENVISIONS AN INCLUSIVE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM SUPPORTED BY A GRACIOUS AND CARING COMMUTING CULTURE. TO ACHIEVE THIS, THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL (PTC) HAS IMPLEMENTED A SERIES OF INITIATIVES WITH LIKE-MINDED PARTNERS TO FOSTER A CARING CULTURE AMONG COMMUTERS.
SINCE 2017, PTC HAS BEEN DRIVING THE CARING SG COMMUTERS MOVEMENT THROUGH CO-CREATION PILOTS WITH COMMUTERS AND STAKEHOLDERS. THE MOVEMENT AIMS TO ENHANCE SOCIAL COHESION AND ENRICH THE EXPERIENCE OF COMMUTERS BY PROVIDING OPPORTUNITIES AND PLATFORMS FOR THEM TO CARE FOR AND ASSIST ONE ANOTHER, ESPECIALLY THE VULNERABLE COMMUTERS, WHEN TAKING PUBLIC TRANSPORT.
CO-CREATION INITIATIVES
CARING SG COMMUTERS
28 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
Under the Caring SG Commuters movement, PTC has initiated co-creation pilots in three areas:
SECTORIAL CO-CREATION PILOTS
In our sectorial pilots, PTC collaborated with specificsectors, such as the medical institutions, to create opportunities for commuters to help one another at certain transport nodes. The Land Transport Authority (LTA) and SMRT Trains were also partners in these pilots.
Heart Zone @ Novena and Heart Zone @ Jurong East were launched in June 2018, in collaboration with Tan Tock Seng Hospital and Ng Teng Fong General Hospital respectively.
For Heart Zone @ Novena, Tan Tock Seng Hospital brought together six partners within HealthCity Novena including National Healthcare Group, National Skin Centre, Ren Ci Hospital, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Dover Park Hospice and National Neuroscience Institute. This Heart Zone dovetailed with Tan Tock Seng Hospital’s “Walk-with-Me” social movement to assist commuter-patients walking to the HealthCity Novena from Novena MRT Station.
29ANNUAL REPORT 2019
CO-CREATION INITIATIVES
The Heart Zone @ Jurong East expanded on the patient-centric initiatives of Ng Teng Fong General Hospital and Jurong Community Hospital by providing a Heart Zone @ Jurong East MRT Station where the hospital wheelchairs can be parked. Commuters are encouraged to look out for those with mobility challenges, who may need help to be pushed on wheelchairs to their destination in the hospital.
Heart Zone @ Yishun, a collaboration with Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH), was launched in May 2019. The pilot provided clear directional signage from the Heart Zone to the shuttle bus pick-up point at Yishun MRT Station. In collaboration with Northpoint City, posters with information on the buses to KTPH and Yishun Community Hospital were also displayed at bus stops outside the shopping mall. Additionally, a Heart Zone was set up at the hospital premise. Commuters are encouraged to help and care for one another during their journeys to and from the hospitals.
INTERGENERATIONAL CO-CREATION PILOTS
Engaging commuters from a young age is important in building a sustainable caring commuting culture. Intergenerational co-creation pilots aim to encourage young commuters to interact and bond with seniors, so that they can be more mindful of the needs of the elderly and extend a hand of care to them on public transport. PTC and South West Community Development Council launched the inaugural CARE Ride @ South West (Caring commuters Assist Readily with Empathy) in December 2018, where students from ITE College West and Pioneer Junior College interacted with elderly from Fei Yue Senior Activity Centre and Fei Yue Retirees Centre on a bus ride. CARE Ride @ South West also involved partners from the LTA and SMRT Buses.
30 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
CONSTITUENCY-BASED CO-CREATION PILOTS
Constituency-based pilots refer to partnership projects with community organisations. To meet the needs of Yishun’s elderly residents who travel by public transport, PTC, in collaboration with Chung Cheng High School Yishun (CCHSY), launched the CARE by Chung Cheng in March 2019, in conjunction with the school’s 80th anniversary celebrations. It involved 1,350 participants, including 1,200 students, and another 150 teachers, staff, parents and alumni volunteers. The students assisted elderly commuters to carry their heavy groceries and bags or help them with their trolleys on their last-mile travel. The goal wasforstudentstohavefirst-handexperienceinteractingwith the elderly and developing empathy and awareness of their needs. Students also wore “Caring SG Commuters” wristbands to signal their desire to help. Over time, the elderly residents can learn to identify the wristbands and feel more comfortable asking for help.
INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION
PTC’s co-creation projects have received international recognition for their unique contribution to the commuting culture. PTC was awarded the UITP (International Association of Public Transport) Asia-Pacific SpecialRecognition Award for the Heart Zone and Heartwheels @ Linkway projects at the UITP Global Public Transport Summit held in Stockholm, Sweden on 10 June 2019.
31ANNUAL REPORT 2019
FUTURE
FORWARD
THE TRANSFORMATION AND RESEARCH ANALYTICS (TRA) DIVISION WAS ESTABLISHED ON 1 JUNE 2018 TO DRIVE CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION AND PLANNING AS WELL AS TO PROVIDE A CENTRALISED RESEARCH AND DATA ANALYTICS SUPPORT WITHIN THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL (PTC). THE DIVISION FACILITATES THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC CAPABILITIES TO IMPROVE INTERNAL OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND DEEPEN UNDERSTANDING OF COMMUTERS’ NEEDS AND PREFERENCES, LEADING TO ENHANCED COMMUTERS’ EXPERIENCE AND COMMUTING CULTURE.
DATA AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: DEEPER INSIGHTS, POWERING NEW POSSIBILITIES
34 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
Through data analytics, TRA aims to understand commuter expenditure and travel patterns to support development of fare policies such as the enhanced rail transfer rules which was implemented in December 2018. Data analytics also enable formulation of policies to nudge commuters towards more optimal travel and better utilisation of our public transport services. In addition, TRA conducts social media sentiments analyses to better understand commuters’ experience and perception of public transport. The division works with key stakeholders in the public transport industry to gather actionable insights for policy implementation, strategic communications and public engagement.
TRA is also responsible for commuter surveys, research and benchmarking studies. It engages the academia and participates in established international platforms such as the Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP, International Association of Public Transport) based in Belgium.
In line with our mission to be future-ready in a data-driven and customer-centric era, PTC will continue to deepen its capabilities in data sciences. In parallel, it will also seed new efforts in behavioural sciences so as to build up our capability to understand and predict human behaviour.
With better insight generation and sense-making, this will ultimately result in better fare policies, public commuting experience and culture.
EXPLORING NEW WAYS TO UNDERSTAND AND ENGAGE OUR COMMUTERS
DataScience
BehaviouralScience
Better Commuter
Insights
35ANNUAL REPORT 2019
STATEMENTSFINANCIAL
STATEMENT BY THE MEMBERS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL (“COUNCIL”)Forthefinancialyearended31March2019
Inouropinion,
(a) theaccompanyingfinancialstatementsof thePublicTransportCouncil (hereafter tobecalled“Council”)assetoutonpages39to72areproperlydrawnupinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthePublicSector(Governance)Act2018,Act5of2018(the“PublicSector(Governance)Act”),thePublicTransportCouncilAct,Chapter259B(the“Act”)andStatutoryBoardFinancialReportingStandards(“SB-FRSs”),soastopresentfairly,inallmaterialrespects,thefinancialpositionoftheCouncilasat31March2019andoftheresults,changesinequityandcashflowsoftheCouncilforthefinancialyearthenended;
(b) thereceipts,expenditure,investmentofmoneysandtheacquisitionanddisposalofassetsbytheCouncilduringtheyearhavebeen,inallmaterialrespects,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheAct;and
(c) proper accounting and other records have been kept, including records of all assets of the Council whetherpurchased,donatedorotherwise.
OnbehalfoftheCouncil,
Richard MagnusChairman
Tan Kim HongChiefExecutive
Singapore
Date:28June2019
38 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL(Constituted under the Public Transport Council Act, Chapter 259B)Forthefinancialyearended31March2019
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Opinion
WehaveauditedthefinancialstatementsofthePublicTransportCouncil(the“Council”)whichcomprisethestatementoffinancialpositionasat31 March 2019,andthestatementofcomprehensiveincome,statementofchangesinequityandstatementofcashflowsforthefinancialyearthenended,andnotestothefinancialstatements,includingasummaryofsignificantaccountingpolicies.
Inouropinion,theaccompanyingfinancialstatementsareproperlydrawnupinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthePublicSector(Governance)Act2018,Act5of2018(the“PublicSector(Governance)Act”),thePublicTransportCouncilAct,Chapter259B(the“Act”)andStatutoryBoardFinancialReportingStandards(“SB-FRSs”)soastopresentfairly,inallmaterialrespects,thestateofaffairsoftheCouncilasat31 March 2019andtheresults,changesinequityandcashflowsoftheCouncilfortheyearendedonthatdate.
Basis for Opinion
WeconductedourauditinaccordancewithSingaporeStandardsonAuditing(“SSAs”).Ourresponsibilitiesunderthosestandards are further described in theAuditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section ofourreport.WeareindependentoftheCouncilinaccordancewiththeAccountingandCorporateRegulatoryAuthority(“ACRA”)Code of Professional Conduct and Ethics for Public Accountants and Accounting Entities (“ACRACode”)togetherwiththeethicalrequirementsthatarerelevanttoourauditofthefinancialstatementsinSingapore,andwehavefulfilledourotherethicalresponsibilitiesinaccordancewiththeserequirementsandtheACRACode.Webelievethattheauditevidencewehaveobtainedissufficientandappropriatetoprovideabasisforouropinion.
Other Information
Management is responsible forother information.Theother informationcomprises theStatementby theMembersofPublicTransportCouncilsetoutonpage38.
Ouropiniononthefinancialstatementsdoesnotcovertheotherinformationandwedonotexpressanyformofassuranceconclusionthereon.
Inconnectionwithourauditofthefinancialstatements,ourresponsibilityistoreadtheotherinformationand,indoingso,considerwhethertheotherinformationismateriallyinconsistentwiththefinancialstatementsorourknowledgeobtainedintheaudit,orotherwiseappearstobemateriallymisstated.If,basedontheworkwehaveperformed,weconcludethatthereisamaterialmisstatementofthisotherinformation,wearerequiredtoreportthatfact.Wehavenothingtoreportinthisregard.
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial Statements
ManagementisresponsibleforthepreparationandfairpresentationofthefinancialstatementsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthePublicSector(Governance)Act,theActandStatutoryBoardFinancialReportingStandards,andforsuchinternalcontrolasmanagementdeterminesisnecessarytoenablethepreparationoffinancialstatementsthatarefreefrommaterialmisstatement,whetherduetofraudorerror.AstatutoryboardisconstitutedbasedonitsconstitutionalactanditsdissolutionrequiresParliament’sapproval.Inpreparingthefinancialstatements,managementisresponsibleforassessingtheCouncil’sabilitytocontinueasagoingconcern,disclosing,asapplicable,mattersrelatedtogoingconcernandusing thegoingconcernbasisofaccountingunless there is intention towindup theCouncilor for theCounciltoceaseoperations.
ThosechargedwithgovernanceareresponsibleforoverseeingtheCouncil’sfinancialreportingprocess.
39ANNUAL REPORT 2019
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Ourobjectivesare to obtain reasonableassuranceaboutwhether the financial statementsasawholeare free frommaterialmisstatement,whetherduetofraudorerror,andtoissueanauditor’sreportthatincludesouropinion.Reasonableassurance isahigh levelofassurance,but isnotaguaranteethatanauditconducted inaccordancewithSSAswillalwaysdetectamaterialmisstatementwhenitexists.Misstatementscanarisefromfraudorerrorandareconsideredmaterialif,individuallyorintheaggregate,theycouldreasonablybeexpectedtoinfluencetheeconomicdecisionsofuserstakenonthebasisofthesefinancialstatements.
AspartofanauditinaccordancewithSSAs,weexerciseprofessionaljudgementandmaintainprofessionalscepticismthroughouttheaudit.Wealso:
• Identifyandassesstherisksofmaterialmisstatementof thefinancialstatements,whetherduetofraudorerror,designandperformauditproceduresresponsivetothoserisks,andobtainauditevidencethat issufficientandappropriate toprovideabasis forouropinion.The riskofnotdetectingamaterialmisstatement resulting fromfraud is higher than for one resulting fromerror, as fraudmay involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions,misrepresentations,ortheoverrideofinternalcontrol.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that areappropriate in thecircumstances,butnot for thepurposeofexpressinganopinionon theeffectivenessof theCouncil’sinternalcontrol.
• Evaluatetheappropriatenessofaccountingpoliciesusedandthereasonablenessofaccountingestimatesandrelateddisclosuresmadebymanagement.
• Concludeontheappropriatenessofmanagement’suseofthegoingconcernbasisofaccountingand,basedontheauditevidenceobtained,whetheramaterialuncertaintyexistsrelatedtoeventsorconditions thatmaycastsignificantdoubtontheCouncil’sabilitytocontinueasagoingconcern.Ifweconcludethatamaterialuncertaintyexists,wearerequiredtodrawattentioninourauditor’sreporttotherelateddisclosuresinthefinancialstatementsor, ifsuchdisclosuresare inadequate, tomodifyouropinion.Ourconclusionsarebasedontheauditevidenceobtaineduptothedateofourauditor’sreport.However,futureeventsorconditionsmaycausetheCounciltoceasetocontinueasagoingconcern.
• Evaluatetheoverallpresentation,structureandcontentofthefinancialstatements,includingthedisclosures,andwhetherthefinancialstatementsrepresenttheunderlyingtransactionsandeventsinamannerthatachievesfairpresentation.
Wecommunicatewiththosechargedwithgovernanceregarding,amongothermatters,theplannedscopeandtimingoftheauditandsignificantauditfindings,includinganysignificantdeficienciesininternalcontrolthatweidentifyduringouraudit.
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL(Constituted under the Public Transport Council Act, Chapter 259B)Forthefinancialyearended31March2019
40 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL(Constituted under the Public Transport Council Act, Chapter 259B)Forthefinancialyearended31March2019
REPORT ON OTHER LEGAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENT
Opinion
Inouropinion:
(a) thereceipts,expenditure,investmentofmoneysandtheacquisitionanddisposalofassetsbytheCouncilduringtheyearare,inallmaterialrespects,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthePublicSector(Governance)Act,theActandtherequirementsofanyotherwrittenlawapplicabletomoneysoformanagedbytheCouncil;and
(b) proper accounting and other records have been kept, including records of all assets of the Council whetherpurchased,donatedorotherwise.
Basis for Opinion
Weconductedouraudit inaccordancewithSSAs.Our responsibilitiesunder thosestandardsare furtherdescribedin theAuditor’s Responsibilities for the Compliance Audit sectionofourreport.Weare independentof theCouncil inaccordancewith theACRACode togetherwith theethical requirements thatare relevant toourauditof thefinancialstatementsinSingapore,andwehavefulfilledourotherethicalresponsibilitiesinaccordancewiththeserequirementsandtheACRACode.Webelievethattheauditevidencewehaveobtainedissufficientandappropriatetoprovideabasisforouropiniononmanagement’scompliance.
Responsibilities of Management for Compliance with Legal and Regulatory Requirements
Managementisresponsibleforensuringthatthereceipts,expenditure,investmentofmoneysandtheacquisitionanddisposalofassets,areinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheAct.ThisresponsibilityincludesimplementingaccountingandinternalcontrolsasmanagementdeterminesarenecessarytoenablecompliancewiththeprovisionsoftheAct.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Compliance Audit
Ourresponsibilityistoexpressanopiniononmanagement’scompliancebasedonourauditofthefinancialstatements.Weplannedandperformedthecomplianceaudittoobtainreasonableassuranceaboutwhetherthereceipts,expenditure,investmentofmoneysandtheacquisitionanddisposalofassets,areinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheAct.
Ourcomplianceauditincludesobtaininganunderstandingoftheinternalcontrolrelevanttothereceipts,expenditure,investmentofmoneysandtheacquisitionanddisposalofassets;andassessingtherisksofmaterialmisstatementofthefinancialstatementsfromnon-compliance,ifany,butnotforthepurposeofexpressinganopinionontheeffectivenessof theentity’s internalcontrol.Becauseof the inherent limitations inanyaccountingand internalcontrolsystem,non-compliancesmayneverthelessoccurandnotbedetected.
Assurance Partners LLPPublicAccountantsandCharteredAccountants
Singapore
Date:28June2019
41ANNUAL REPORT 2019
Note 2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Revenue Penaltyfee 112,100 123,970Others 623 581
(4) 112,723 124,551Less: Expenditure Councilmembers’allowance 107,269 107,663Depreciationofplantandequipment 71,255 64,611Entertainmentandrefreshments 8,383 10,460Generaladministration 28,762 33,998ITexpenditure/maintenance 864,736 691,968Lossondisposalofplantandequipment - 2,469Others 58,185 52,827Penaltyfeescheme 423,840 435,959Publicity 61,893 56,877Professionalfees 102,110 23,367Rentalofoffice 259,532 258,515Staffcosts- Salaries,allowancesandbenefits 3,595,429 3,266,125- CentralProvidentFundcontributions 453,323 448,697Stafftraining 93,527 101,067Surveyandresearchfee 1,085,322 690,904Transport 12,669 11,626Totaloperatingexpenses 7,226,235 6,257,133 Operatingdeficitbeforegovernmentgrantsandcontributionsto
consolidatedfund (7,113,512) (6,132,582)
Government grantsOperatinggrants (7) 8,021,553 6,346,812Deferredcapitalgrantsamortised (11) 41,831 43,356Surplusbeforecontributionstoconsolidatedfund 949,872 257,586
Less: Contributions to consolidated fundCurrentyear’scontribution (10) (121,178) (43,790)Surplus for the financial year, representing to total comprehensive income for the financial year 828,694 213,796
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMEForthefinancialyearended31March2019
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
42 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITIONAsat31March2019
Note 2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Non-current assetsPlantandequipment (5) 147,463 200,428
Current assetsPrepayments 49,114 2,237Otherreceivables (6) 71,856 114,559Grantreceivables (7) 266,396 363,449Cashandcashequivalents (8) 1,824,960 552,207
2,212,326 1,032,452
Less: Current liabilitiesOtherpayables (9) 752,389 541,502Contributionstoconsolidatedfund (10) 121,178 43,790
873,567 585,292
Net current assets 1,338,759 447,160
Non-current liabilitiesDeferredcapitalgrants (11) (52,133) (79,983)
NET ASSETS 1,434,089 567,605
EQUITYSharecapital (12) 232,418 194,628Accumulatedsurplus (13) 1,201,671 372,977
1,434,089 567,605
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
43ANNUAL REPORT 2019
NoteShare
capitalAccumulated
surplus TotalS$ S$ S$
2018Balanceasat1April2018 194,628 372,977 567,605
Surplusforthefinancialyear,representingtototalcomprehensiveincomeforthefinancialyear – 828,694 828,694
Capitalinjectionforthefinancialyear (12) 37,790 – 37,790Balance as at 31 March 2019 (12),(13) 232,418 1,201,671 1,434,089
2017Balanceasat1April2017 – 159,181 159,181
Surplusforthefinancialyear,representingtototalcomprehensiveincomeforthefinancialyear – 213,796 213,796
Capitalinjectionforthefinancialyear (12) 194,628 – 194,628Balanceasat31March2018 (12),(13) 194,628 372,977 567,605
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITYForthefinancialyearended31March2019
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
44 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
Note 2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Cash flows from operating activitiesOperatingdeficitbeforegovernmentgrantsandcontributionsto
consolidatedfund (7,113,512) (6,132,582)Adjustmentsfor:Depreciationofplantandequipment (5) 71,255 64,611ITexpenditure/maintenancereimbursedbygovernmentgrants 153,542 151,275Lossondisposalofplantandequipment – 2,469
Operatingdeficitbeforeworkingcapitalchanges (6,888,715) (5,914,227)
Changeinoperatingassetsandliabilities:Prepayments (46,877) 4,335Otherreceivables 42,703 (35,037)Otherpayables 210,887 (471,330)
Cashflowsusedinoperation (6,682,002) (6,416,259)
Contributionstoconsolidatedfund (43,790) –Net cash used in operating activities (6,725,792) (6,416,259)
Cash flows from investing activitiesPurchaseofplantandequipment A (18,290) (149,605)Cashreceivedonsaleofplantandequipment – 240Net cash used in investing activities (18,290) (149,365)
Cash flows from financing activitiesAdditionstosharecapital (12) 37,790 194,628Operatinggrantsreceived 7,979,045 6,633,239Net cash generated from financing activities 8,016,835 6,827,867
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 1,272,753 262,243Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 552,207 289,964Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year (8) 1,824,960 552,207
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
45ANNUAL REPORT 2019
Note to the statement of cash flows
A. Purchaseofplantandequipment
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Aggregatecostofplantandequipmentacquired(Note5) 18,290 149,605Accruedexpenses – -Purchaseofplantandequipment 18,290 149,605
Capitalinjectionreceivedtoacquireplantandequipment 4,309 144,408Cashpaymentmadetoacquireplantandequipment 13,981 5,197Purchaseofplantandequipment 18,290 149,605
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
46 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
Thesenotesformanintegralpartofandshouldbereadinconjunctionwiththeaccompanyingfinancialstatements.
1. GENERAL
ThePublicTransportCouncil(the“Council”)wasconstitutedunderthePublicTransportCouncilAct,Chapter259B.
TheCouncil’sprincipal placeof operations is locatedat 510ThomsonRoad, #12-03,SLFBuilding,Singapore298135.
TheprincipalactivitiesoftheCouncilunderthePublicTransportCouncilAct,Chapter259Bare:
(a) tosetorapprovefaresandfarepricingpoliciesforbusservices,trainservicesandtaxiservicesinSingapore;
(b) topromoteandfacilitatetheintegrationofbusfaresandtrainfarestoensuretheprovisionofefficientpublicpassengertransportservicesandfacilities;
(c) to evaluateand recommend to theGovernment improvements to, or otherwiseadvise theGovernment inrespectof,busservices,trainservicesandtaxiservicesinSingaporesothatthey—
(i) maysatisfyallreasonablepassengerdemandsinSingaporeforbusservices,trainservicesandtaxiservices;
(ii) mayofferanattractivealternativetoprivatemotorvehicle transport,andtheextentofsuchtravel, inSingapore;
(iii) areeffectivelyandefficiently integratedsoas to facilitateseamless travel forpassengerswithinandbetweendifferentmodesoflandtransportandgreatermobilitywithincommunitiesinSingapore;and
(iv) provide viable public passenger transport services at a reasonable cost to the community and theGovernment;
(d) toundertakesurveysorotherarrangementstoobtainpublicfeedbackonanymatterrelatingtotheprovisionofbusservices,trainservicesandtaxiservicesinSingapore;
(e) to exercise licensing and regulatory functions in respect of the provision of ticket payment services inSingapore;and
(f) toperformsuchfunctionsastheMinistermay,byorderpublishedintheGazette,assign.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(a) Basisofpreparation
Thefinancial statementshavebeenprepared inaccordancewith theActandStatutoryBoardSingaporeFinancial Reporting Standards (“SB-FRS”) including related interpretations (“INT SB-FRS”) andGuidanceNotes.Thefinancialstatementshavebeenpreparedunderthehistoricalcostconvention,exceptasdisclosedintheaccountingpoliciesbelow.
(b) Adoptionofnewandamendedstandardsandinterpretations
Theaccountingpoliciesadoptedareconsistentwiththoseofthepreviousfinancialperiodexceptthatinthecurrentfinancialyear, theCouncilhasadoptedall thenewandamendedstandardswhicharerelevant totheCouncilandareeffectiveforannualfinancialperiodsbeginningonorafter1April2018.ExceptfortheadoptionofSB-FRS109FinancialInstrumentsdescribedbelow,theadoptionofthesestandardsdidnothaveanymaterialeffectonthefinancialperformanceorpositionoftheCouncil.
47ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(b) Adoptionofnewandamendedstandardsandinterpretations(continued)
SB-FRS109Financial Instruments
SB-FRS109 replacesSB-FRS39Financial Instruments:RecognitionandMeasurement forannualperiodsbeginning on or after 1 January 2018, bringing together all three aspects of the accounting for financialinstruments:classificationandmeasurement;impairment;andhedgeaccounting.
TheCouncilappliedSB-FRS109retrospectively,withaninitialapplicationdateof1April2018.TheCouncilhasnotrestatedcomparativeinformationwhichcontinuestobereportedunderSB-FRS39andthedisclosurerequirements of SB-FRS 107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures relating to items within the scope of SB-FRS39.
(i) Classificationandmeasurement
UnderSB-FRS109,debtinstrumentsaresubsequentlymeasuredeitheratfairvaluethroughprofitorloss(FVPL),amortisedcostorfairvaluethroughothercomprehensiveincome(FVOCI).Theclassificationis based on two criteria: the Council’s business model for managing the assets; and whether theinstruments’contractualcashflowsrepresent‘solelypaymentsofprincipalandinterest’ontheprincipalamountoutstanding.
TheassessmentoftheCouncil’sbusinessmodelwasmadeasofthedateofinitialapplication,1April2018. The assessment of whether contractual cash flows on debt instruments solely comprised ofprincipalandinterestwasmadebasedonthefactsandcircumstancesasattheinitialrecognitionoftheassets.
TheclassificationandmeasurementrequirementsofSB-FRS109didnothaveasignificantimpacttotheCouncil.ThefollowingarethechangesintheclassificationandmeasurementoftheCouncil’sfinancialassets:
• Otherreceivablesandgrantreceivablesclassifiedasloansandreceivablesasat31March2018areheldtocollectcontractualcashflowsandgiverisetocashflowsrepresentingsolelypaymentsofprincipalandinterest.Thesewereclassifiedandmeasuredasdebtinstrumentsatamortisedcostbeginning1April2018.
TheCouncilhasnotdesignatedanyfinancialliabilitiesatFVPL.TherearenochangesinclassificationandmeasurementfortheCouncil’sfinancialliabilities.
In summary, upon the adoption of SB-FRS 109, the Council had the following required or electedreclassificationasat1April2018:
SB-FRS 109 measurement category
FVPL FVOCIAmortised
costSB-FRS 39 measurement category S$ S$ S$ S$
LoansandreceivablesOtherreceivables 114,559 – – 114,559Grantreceivables 363,449 – – 363,449Cashandcashequivalents 552,207 – – 552,207
1,030,215 1,030,215
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
48 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(b) Adoptionofnewandamendedstandardsandinterpretations(continued)
SB-FRS109Financial Instruments(continued)
(ii) Impairment
TheadoptionofSB-FRS109hasfundamentallychangedtheCouncil’saccountingforimpairmentlossesforfinancialassetsbyreplacingSB-FRS39’sincurredlossapproachwithaforward-lookingexpectedcreditloss(ECL)approach.SB-FRS109requirestheCounciltorecogniseanallowanceforECLsforalldebtinstrumentsnotheldatFVPL.
UponadoptionofSB-FRS109, theCouncildidnot recogniseadditional impairmenton theCouncil’sotherreceivablesandgrantreceivablesasat1April2018.
(c) Standardissuedbutnotyeteffective
TheCouncilhasnotadoptedthefollowingstandardsapplicabletotheCouncilthathavebeenissuedbutnotyeteffective:
Description
Effective for annualperiods beginning
on or after
SB-FRS116Leases 1January2019
ThenatureoftheimpendingchangesinaccountingpolicyonadoptionofSB-FRS116aredescribedbelow.
SB-FRS116Leases
SB-FRS116requireslesseestorecognisemostleasesonthestatementoffinancialposition.Thestandardincludestworecognitionexemptionsforlessees–leasesof‘lowvalue’assetsandshort-termleases.SB-FRS116iseffectiveforannualperiodsbeginningonorafter1January2019.Atcommencementdateofalease,alesseewillrecognisealiabilitytomakeleasepayments(i.e.theleaseliability)andanassetrepresentingtherighttousetheunderlyingassetduringtheleaseterm(i.e.theright-of-useasset).Lesseeswillberequiredtoseparatelyrecognisetheinterestexpenseontheleaseliabilityandthedepreciationexpenseontheright-of-useasset.
TheCouncil plans to adoptSB-FRS116 retrospectivelywith thecumulativeeffect of initially applying thestandardasanadjustment to thegovernmentgrant received inadvanceat thedateof initialapplication, 1April2019.
OntheadoptionofSB-FRS116,theCouncilexpectstochoose,onalease-by-leasebasis,tomeasuretheright-of-useassetateither:
(i) itscarryingamountasifSB-FRS116hadbeenappliedsincethecommencementdate,butdiscountedusingthelessee’sincrementalborrowingrateasof1April2019;or
(ii) anamountequaltotheleaseliability,adjustedbytheamountofanyprepaidoraccruedleasepaymentsrelatingtothatleaserecognisedinthestatementoffinancialpositionimmediatelybefore1April2019.
49ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(c) Standardissuedbutnotyeteffective(continued)
SB-FRS116Leases(continued)
Inaddition,theCouncilplanstoelectthefollowingpracticalexpedients:
• nottoreassesswhetheracontractis,orcontainsaleaseatthedateofinitialapplicationandtoapplySB-FRS116toallcontractsthatwerepreviouslyidentifiedasleases;
• toapplytheexemptionnottorecogniseright-of-useassetandleaseliabilitiestoleasesforwhichtheleasetermendswithin12monthsasof1April2019;and
• toapplyasinglediscountratetoaportfolioofleaseswithreasonablysimilarcharacteristics.
TheCouncilhasperformedapreliminaryimpactassessmentbasedoncurrentlyavailableinformation,andtheassessmentmaybesubjecttochangesarisingfromongoinganalysisuntiltheCounciladoptsSB-FRS116in2019.
OntheadoptionofSB-FRS116,theCouncilexpectstorecogniseright-of-useassetsofS$429,505andleaseliabilitiesofS$483,817foritsleasespreviouslyclassifiedasoperatingleases,withacorrespondingdecreaseintheopeningaccumulatedsurplusofS$54,312.
(d) Revenuerecognition
RevenueismeasuredbasedontheconsiderationtowhichtheCouncilexpectstobeentitledinexchangefortransferringpromisedgoodsorservicestoacustomer,excludingamountscollectedonbehalfofthirdparties.
RevenueisrecognisedwhentheCouncilsatisfiesaperformanceobligationbytransferringapromisedgoodsorservicestothecustomer,whichiswhenthecustomerobtainscontrolofthegoodorservice.Aperformanceobligationmaybesatisfiedatapointintimeorovertime.Theamountofrevenuerecognisedistheamountallocatedtothesatisfiedperformanceobligation.
Thefollowingspecificrecognitioncriteriamustalsobemetbeforerevenueisrecognised:
(i) Penaltyfee
Penaltyfeeisrecognisedatthepointofcollectionofthesettlement.
(ii) Interestincome
Interestincomeisaccruedonatimebasis,byreferencetotheprincipaloutstandingandattheeffectiveinterestrateapplicable.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
50 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(e) Governmentgrants
Governmentgrantsarerecognisedattheirfairvaluewherethereisreasonableassurancethatthegrantwillbereceivedandallattachingconditionswillbecompliedwith.
Governmentgrantstomeetthecurrentperiod’soperatingexpensesarerecognisedasincomeinthefinancialperiodinwhichtheoperatingexpensesareincurred.
GrantsreceivedfromtheMinistryofTransportforcapitalexpenditurearetakentothedeferredcapitalgrantsaccountupontheutilisationofthegrantsforpurchaseofplantandequipment,whicharecapitalised,ortoincomeorexpenditureforpurchaseofplantandequipmentwhicharewrittenoffintheyearofpurchase.
Deferredcapitalgrantsare recognisedas incomeover theperiodsnecessary tomatch thedepreciation,amortisation,write-offand/orimpairmentlossoftheplantandequipmentpurchasedwiththerelatedgrants.Upontheamortisationordisposalofplantandequipment,thebalanceoftherelateddeferredcapitalgrantsisrecognisedasincometomatchthecarryingamountoftheplantandequipmentdisposedof.
(f) Foreigncurrency
(i) Functionalandpresentationcurrency
ItemsincludedinthefinancialstatementsoftheCouncilaremeasuredusingthecurrencyoftheprimaryeconomicenvironmentinwhichtheentityoperates(functionalcurrency).ThefinancialstatementsarepresentedinSingaporeDollar,whichistheCouncil’sfunctionalcurrency.
(ii) Transactionsandbalances
Transactions in foreign currencies are measured in the functional currency of the Council and arerecordedoninitialrecognitioninthefunctionalcurrencyatexchangeratesapproximatingthoserulingatthetransactiondates.Monetaryassetsandliabilitiesdenominatedinforeigncurrenciesaretranslatedattherateofexchangerulingatthereportingdate.Non-monetaryitemsthataremeasuredintermsofhistoricalcostinaforeigncurrencyaretranslatedusingtheexchangeratesasatthedatesoftheinitialtransactions.
Exchangedifferencesarisingonthesettlementofmonetaryitemsorontranslatingmonetaryitemsattheendofthereportingperiodarerecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
(g) Plantandequipment
Allitemsofplantandequipmentareinitiallyrecordedatcost.Subsequenttorecognition,plantandequipmentaremeasuredatcostlessaccumulateddepreciationandanyaccumulatedimpairmentlosses.Thecostofplantandequipmentincludesitspurchasepriceandanycostsdirectlyattributabletobringingtheassettothelocationandconditionnecessaryforittobecapableofoperatinginthemannerintendedbymanagement.Dismantlement,removalorrestorationcostsare includedaspartof thecostofplantandequipment if theobligationfordismantlement,removalorrestorationisincurredasaconsequenceofacquiringorusingtheplantandequipment.
51ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(g) Plantandequipment(continued)
Depreciationiscalculatedusingthestraight-linemethodtoallocatedepreciableamountsovertheirestimatedusefullives.Theestimatedusefullivesareasfollows:
UsefullivesRenovation 5yearsFurnitureandfittings 5yearsComputerequipment 3yearsComputersoftware 5yearsOfficeequipment 5years
Plantandequipmentcostingbelow$1,000peritemarechargedtothestatementofcomprehensiveincomeduringthefinancialyear.
Theresidualvalue,usefullivesanddepreciationmethodarereviewedattheendofeachreportingperiod,andadjustedprospectively,ifappropriate.
An itemofplantandequipment isderecognisedupondisposalorwhenno futureeconomicbenefitsareexpectedfromitsuseordisposal.Anygainorlossonde-recognitionoftheassetisincludedinstatementofcomprehensiveincomeintheyeartheassetisderecognised.
(h) Impairmentofnon-financialassets
TheCouncilassessesateachreportingdatewhetherthereisanindicationthatanassetmaybeimpaired.Ifanyindicationexists,(or,whereapplicable,whenanannualimpairmenttestingforanassetisrequired),theCouncilmakesanestimateoftheasset’srecoverableamount.
Anasset’srecoverableamountisthehigherofanasset’sorcash-generatingunit’sfairvaluelesscostsofdisposalanditsvalueinuseandisdeterminedforanindividualasset,unlesstheassetdoesnotgeneratecashinflowsthatarelargelyindependentofthosefromotherassetsorgroupofassets.Wherethecarryingamountofanassetorcash-generatingunitexceedsitsrecoverableamount,theassetisconsideredimpairedandiswrittendowntoitsrecoverableamount.
Impairmentlossesarerecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
Apreviouslyrecognisedimpairmentlossisreversedonlyiftherehasbeenachangeintheestimatesusedtodetermine theasset’s recoverableamountsince the last impairment losswas recognised. If that is thecase,thecarryingamountoftheassetisincreasedtoitsrecoverableamount.Thatincreasecannotexceedthecarryingamount thatwouldhavebeendetermined,netofdepreciation,hadno impairment lossbeenrecognisedpreviously.Suchreversalisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
52 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(i) Financialinstruments
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedonandaftertheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:
(i) Financialassets
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial assets are recognised when, and only when the entity becomes party to the contractualprovisionsoftheinstruments.
Atinitialrecognition,theCouncilmeasuresafinancialassetatitsfairvalueplus,inthecaseofafinancialassetnotatFVPL,transactioncoststhataredirectlyattributabletotheacquisitionofthefinancialasset.Transaction costs of financial assets carried at FVPL are expensed in statement of comprehensiveincome.
Subsequent measurement
• Investmentindebtinstruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Council’s business modelfor managing the asset and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the asset. The threemeasurement categories for classification of debt instruments are amortised cost, FVOCI andFVPL.TheCouncilonlyhasdebtinstrumentsatamortisedcost.
Financialassetsthatareheldforthecollectionofcontractualcashflowswherethosecashflowsrepresent solely payments of principal and interest aremeasured at amortised cost. Financialassets are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less impairment.Gains and losses are recognised in statement of comprehensive incomewhen the assets arederecognisedorimpaired,andthroughtheamortisationprocess.
Derecognition
Afinancialassetisderecognisedwherethecontractualrighttoreceivecashflowsfromtheassethasexpired.Onderecognitionofafinancialassetinitsentirety,thedifferencebetweenthecarryingamountandthesumoftheconsiderationreceivedandanycumulativegainorlossthathadbeenrecognisedinothercomprehensiveincomefordebtinstrumentsisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
(ii) Financialliabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financialliabilitiesarerecognisedwhen,andonlywhen,theCouncilbecomesapartytothecontractualprovisionsofthefinancialinstrument.TheCouncildeterminestheclassificationofitsfinancialliabilitiesatinitialrecognition.
Allfinancialliabilitiesarerecognisedinitiallyatfairvalueplus,inthecaseoffinancialliabilitiesnotatFVPL,directlyattributabletransactioncosts.
53ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(i) Financialinstruments(continued)
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedonandaftertheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:(continued)
(ii) Financialliabilities(continued)
Subsequent measurement
After initialrecognition,financial liabilitiesthatarenotcarriedatFVPLaresubsequentlymeasuredatamortisedcostusing theeffective interestmethod.Gainsand lossesare recognised instatementofcomprehensiveincomewhentheliabilitiesarederecognised,andthroughtheamortisationprocess.
Derecognition
Afinancialliabilityisderecognisedwhentheobligationundertheliabilityisdischargedorcancelledorexpired.Onderecognition,thedifferencebetweenthecarryingamountsandtheconsiderationpaidisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
(iii) Offsettingoffinancialinstruments
Afinancialassetandafinancialliabilityshallbeoffsetandthenetamountpresentedinthestatementoffinancialpositionwhen,andonlywhen,anentity:
(a) currentlyhasalegallyenforceablerighttosetofftherecognisedamounts;and
(b) intendseithertosettleonanetbasis,ortorealisetheassetandsettletheliabilitysimultaneously.
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedbeforetheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:
(i) Financialassets
Initial recognition and measurement
Financialassetsarerecognisedwhen,andonlywhen,theCouncilbecomesapartytothecontractualprovisionsofthefinancialinstrument.TheCouncildeterminestheclassificationofitsfinancialassetsatinitialrecognition.
When financial assets are recognised initially, they aremeasured at fair value, plus, in the case offinancialassetsnotatFVPL,directlyattributabletransactioncosts.
Subsequent measurement
• Loansandreceivables
Non-derivative financial assetswith fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in anactivemarketareclassifiedasloansandreceivables.Subsequenttoinitialrecognition,loansandreceivablesaremeasuredatamortisedcostusingtheeffectiveinterestmethod,lessimpairment.Gains and losses are recognised in statement of comprehensive incomewhen the loans andreceivablesarederecognisedorimpaired,andthroughtheamortisationprocess.
Loans and receivables comprise other receivables, grant receivables and cash and cashequivalents.
CashandcashequivalentscomprisecashatbankandcashdepositswithAccountantGeneral’sDepartment.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
54 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(i) Financialinstruments(continued)
These accounting policies are applied before the initial application date of SB-FRS 109, 1 April 2018:(continued)
(i) Financialassets(continued)
Derecognition
Afinancialassetisderecognisedwhenthecontractualrighttoreceivecashflowsfromtheassethasexpired.Onde-recognitionofafinancialassetinitsentirety,thedifferencebetweenthecarryingamountandthesumoftheconsiderationreceived(and,whereapplicable,anycumulativegainorlossthathasbeenrecognisedinothercomprehensiveincome)isrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
(ii) Financialliabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financialliabilitiesarerecognisedwhen,andonlywhen,theCouncilbecomesapartytothecontractualprovisionsofthefinancialinstrument.TheCouncildeterminestheclassificationofitsfinancialliabilitiesatinitialrecognition.
Allfinancial liabilitiesarerecognised initiallyat fairvalueplus in thecaseoffinancial liabilitiesnotatFVPL,directlyattributabletransactioncosts.
Subsequent measurement
After initialrecognition,financial liabilitiesthatarenotcarriedatFVPLaresubsequentlymeasuredatamortisedcostusing theeffective interestmethod.Gainsand lossesare recognised instatementofcomprehensiveincomewhentheliabilitiesarederecognised,andthroughtheamortisationprocess.
Suchfinancialliabilitiescompriseotherpayables.
Derecognition
Afinancialliabilityisderecognisedwhentheobligationundertheliabilityisdischarged,cancelledorexpired.Whenanexistingfinancialliabilityisreplacedbyanotherfromthesamelenderonsubstantiallydifferent terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantiallymodified, such an exchange ormodificationistreatedasaderecognitionoftheoriginalliabilityandtherecognitionofanewliability,andthedifferenceintherespectivecarryingamountsisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
(j) Impairmentoffinancialassets
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedonandaftertheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:
TheCouncilrecognisesanallowanceforexpectedcreditlosses(ECLs)foralldebtinstrumentsnotheldatFVPL.ECLsarebasedon thedifferencebetween thecontractualcashflowsdue inaccordancewith thecontractandall thecashflowsthat theCouncilexpectstoreceive,discountedatanapproximationof theoriginaleffectiveinterestrate.Theexpectedcashflowswillincludecashflowsfromthesaleofcollateralheldorothercreditenhancementsthatareintegraltothecontractualterms.
55ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(j) Impairmentoffinancialassets(continued)
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedonandaftertheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:(continued)
ECLsarerecognisedintwostages.Forcreditexposuresforwhichtherehasnotbeenasignificantincreaseincreditrisksinceinitialrecognition,ECLsareprovidedforcreditlossesthatresultfromdefaulteventsthatarepossiblewithinthenext12-months(a12-monthECL).Forthosecreditexposuresforwhichtherehasbeenasignificantincreaseincreditrisksinceinitialrecognition,alossallowanceisrecognisedforcreditlossesexpectedovertheremaininglifeoftheexposure,irrespectiveoftimingofthedefault(alifetimeECL).
TheCouncilconsidersafinancialassetindefaultwhencontractualpaymentsare90dayspastdue.However,incertaincases, theCouncilmayalsoconsiderafinancialasset tobe indefaultwheninternalorexternalinformationindicatesthattheCouncilisunlikelytoreceivetheoutstandingcontractualamountsinfullbeforetakingintoaccountanycreditenhancementsheldbytheCouncil.Afinancialassetiswrittenoffwhenthereisnoreasonableexpectationofrecoveringthecontractualcashflows.
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedbeforetheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:
TheCouncilassessesateachreportingdatewhetherthereisanyobjectiveevidencethatafinancialassetisimpaired.
Financial assets carried at amortised cost
For financial assets carried at amortised cost, the Council first assesses whether objective evidence ofimpairmentexistsindividuallyforfinancialassetsthatareindividuallysignificant,orcollectivelyforfinancialassetsthatarenotindividuallysignificant.IftheCouncildeterminesthatnoobjectiveevidenceofimpairmentexistsforanindividuallyassessedfinancialasset,whethersignificantornot,itincludestheassetinagroupof financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assesses them for impairment.Assetsthatareindividuallyassessedforimpairmentandforwhichanimpairmentlossis,orcontinuestoberecognisedarenotincludedinacollectiveassessmentofimpairment.
Ifthereisobjectiveevidencethatanimpairmentlossonfinancialassetscarriedatamortisedcosthasbeenincurred, theamountof the loss ismeasuredas thedifferencebetween theasset’scarryingamountandthepresentvalueofestimatedfuturecashflowsdiscountedatthefinancialasset’soriginaleffectiveinterestrate.Ifaloanhasavariableinterestrate,thediscountrateformeasuringanyimpairmentlossisthecurrenteffectiveinterestrate.Thecarryingamountoftheassetisreducedthroughtheuseofanallowanceaccount.Theimpairmentlossisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
Whentheassetbecomesuncollectible,thecarryingamountofimpairedfinancialassetisreduceddirectlyorifanamountwaschargedtotheallowanceaccount,theamountschargedtotheallowanceaccountarewrittenoffagainstthecarryingamountofthefinancialasset.
To determine whether there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on financial assets has beenincurred,theCouncilconsidersfactorssuchastheprobabilityofinsolvencyorsignificantfinancialdifficultiesofthedebtoranddefaultorsignificantdelayinpayments.
If, inasubsequentperiod,theamountoftheimpairmentlossdecreasesandthedecreasecanberelatedobjectivelytoaneventoccurringaftertheimpairmentwasrecognised,thepreviouslyrecognisedimpairmentlossisreversedtotheextentthatthecarryingamountoftheassetdoesnotexceeditsamortisedcostatthereversaldate.Theamountofreversalisrecognisedinstatementofcomprehensiveincome.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
56 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
TheseaccountingpoliciesareappliedbeforetheinitialapplicationdateofSB-FRS109,1April2018:(continued)
(k) Cashandcashequivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at banks and cash deposits with the Accountant General’sDepartment(AGD)whicharesubjecttoaninsignificantriskofchangesinvalue.
(l) Provisions
ProvisionsarerecognisedwhentheCouncilhasapresentobligation(legalorconstructive)asaresultofapastevent,itisprobablethatanoutflowofresourcesembodyingeconomicbenefitswillberequiredtosettletheobligationandtheamountoftheobligationcanbeestimatedreliably.
Provisionsarereviewedattheendofeachreportingperiodandadjustedtoreflectthecurrentbestestimate.Ifitisnolongerprobablethatanoutflowofeconomicresourceswillberequiredtosettletheobligation,theprovisionisreversed.Iftheeffectofthetimevalueofmoneyismaterial,provisionsarediscountedusingacurrentpre-tax rate that reflects,whereappropriate, the risksspecific to the liability.Whendiscounting isused,theincreaseintheprovisionduetothepassageoftimeisrecognisedasafinancecost.
(m) Employeebenefits
(i) Definedcontributionplans
The Council makes contributions to the Central Provident Fund scheme in Singapore, a definedcontributionpensionscheme.Contributionstodefinedcontributionpensionschemesarerecognisedasanexpenseintheperiodinwhichtherelatedserviceisperformed.
(ii) Short-termemployeebenefits
Short-termemployeebenefitobligationsaremeasuredonanundiscountedbasisandareexpensedastherelatedserviceisprovided.AliabilityisrecognisedfortheamountexpectedtobepaidiftheCouncilhasapresentlegalorconstructiveobligationtopaythisamountasaresultofpastserviceprovidedbytheemployee,andtheobligationcanbeestimatedreliably.
(n) Leases
TheCouncilaslessee
Leaseswherethelessoreffectivelyretainssubstantiallyalltheriskandbenefitsofownershipoftheleasedterm,areclassifiedasoperating leases.Operating leasepaymentsare recognisedasanexpense in thestatementofcomprehensiveincomeonastraight-linebasisovertheleaseterm.
Theaggregatebenefitofincentivesprovidedbythelessorisrecognisedasareductionofrentalexpenseovertheleasetermonastraight-linebasis.
57ANNUAL REPORT 2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(o) GoodsandServicesTax(GST)
Revenues,expensesandassetsarerecognisednetoftheamountofGSTexcept:
• where the GST incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxationauthority,inwhichcasetheGSTisrecognisedaspartofthecostofacquisitionoftheassetoraspartoftheexpenseitemasapplicable;and
• receivablesandpayablesthatarestatedwiththeamountofGSTincluded.
ThenetamountofGSTrecoverablefrom,orpayableto,thetaxationauthorityisincludedaspartofreceivablesorpayablesinthestatementoffinancialposition.
(p) Relatedparties
Arelatedpartyisdefinedasfollows:
A. Apersonoraclosememberofthatperson’sfamilyisrelatedtotheCouncilifthatperson:
(i)hascontrolorjointcontroloftheCouncil;
(ii) hassignificantinfluenceovertheCouncil;or
(iii) isamemberofthekeymanagementpersonneloftheCouncilorofaparentoftheCouncil.
B. AnentityisrelatedtotheCouncilifanyofthefollowingconditionsapplies:
(i) The entity and the Council are members of the same group (whichmeans that each parent,subsidiaryandfellowsubsidiaryisrelatedtotheothers).
(ii) Oneentityisanassociateorjointventureoftheotherentity(oranassociateorjointventureofamemberofagroupofwhichtheotherentityisamember).
(iii) Bothentitiesarejointventuresofthesamethirdparty.
(iv)Oneentityisajointventureofathirdentityandtheotherentityisanassociateofthethirdentity.
(v) Theentityisapost-employmentbenefitplanforthebenefitofemployeesofeithertheCounciloranentityrelatedtotheCouncil.IftheCouncilisitselfsuchaplan,thesponsoringemployersarealsorelatedtotheCouncil.
(vi) Theentityiscontrolledorjointlycontrolledbyapersonidentifiedin(A).
(vii) Aperson identified in (A)(i) hassignificant influenceover theentityor isamemberof thekeymanagementpersonneloftheentity(orofaparentoftheentity).
(viii) Theentity,oranymemberofagroupofwhichitisapart,provideskeymanagementpersonnelservicestotheCouncilortotheparentoftheCouncil.
Key management personnel
Keymanagementpersonnelarethosepersonshavingauthorityandresponsibilityforplanning,directingandcontrollingtheactivitiesoftheCouncil,directlyorindirectly.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
58 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(q) Sharecapital
Under the Minister of Finance’s Capital Management Framework for Statutory Boards (Finance CircularMinutesNo.M26/2008), proceeds received fromMinister of Finance are capital injections recognised assharecapitalinequity.
(r) Contributiontoconsolidatedfund
The contribution to the consolidated fund is required under Section 3(a) of the Statutory Corporations(ContributiontoConsolidatedFund)Act,Chapter319A.Thecontributionispeggedattheprevailingstatutoryincometaxrateforcorporatebodies.Accountingsurpluswouldbeusedforthepurposeofcomputingthecontributionandthisisaccountedforonanaccrualbasis.
(s) Contingencies
Acontingentliabilityis:
(i) apossibleobligationthatarisesfrompasteventsandwhoseexistencewillbeconfirmedonlybytheoccurrenceornon-occurrenceofoneormoreuncertainfutureeventsnotwhollywithinthecontroloftheCouncil;or
(ii) apresentobligationthatarisesfrompasteventsbutisnotrecognisedbecause:
- it isnotprobablethatanoutflowofresourcesembodyingeconomicbenefitswillberequiredtosettletheobligation;or
- theamountoftheobligationcannotbemeasuredwithsufficientreliability.
Acontingentassetisapossibleassetthatarisesfrompasteventsandwhoseexistencewillbeconfirmedonlybytheoccurrenceornon-occurrenceofoneormoreuncertainfutureeventsnotwhollywithinthecontroloftheCouncil.
Contingent liabilities and assets are not recognised on the statement of financial position of theCouncil,exceptforcontingentliabilitiesassumedinabusinesscombinationthatarepresentobligationsandwhichthefairvaluescanbereliablydetermined.
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES
Thepreparationof theCouncil’sfinancialstatementsrequiresmanagementtomakejudgements,estimatesandassumptionsthataffectthereportedamountsofrevenues,expenses,assetsandliabilities,andthedisclosureofcontingentliabilitiesattheendofeachreportingperiod.Uncertaintyabouttheseassumptionsandestimatescouldresultinoutcomesthatrequireamaterialadjustmenttothecarryingamountoftheassetorliabilityaffectedinthefutureperiods.
59ANNUAL REPORT 2019
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES (CONTINUED)
3.1 Judgements made in applying accounting policies
Managementisoftheopinionthattherearenosignificantjudgementsmadeinapplyingaccountingpoliciesthathaveasignificantriskofcausingamaterialadjustmenttothecarryingamountsofassetsandliabilitieswithinthenextfinancialyear.
3.2 Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Thekeyassumptionsconcerning the futureandotherkeysourcesofestimationuncertaintyat theendofthereportingperiodarediscussedbelow.TheCouncilbaseditsassumptionsandestimatesonparametersavailablewhenthefinancialstatementswereprepared.Existingcircumstancesandassumptionsaboutfuturedevelopments,however,maychangeduetomarketchangesorcircumstancesarisingbeyondthecontroloftheCouncil.Suchchangesarereflectedintheassumptionswhentheyoccur.
(a) Provisionforexpectedcreditlosses(ECLs)ofotherreceivablesandgrantreceivables
TheCouncil uses aprobability of defaultmethod to calculateECLs for other receivables andgrantreceivables.Theprobabilityofdefaultisbasedonprobabilityofdefaulteventsthatarepossiblewithinthenext12-months(a12-monthECL)forotherreceivablesandgrantreceivableswhichtherehasnotbeenasignificant increase incredit risksince initial recognitionorprobabilityofdefaultevents thatarepossibleover the remaining lifeof theexposure (a lifetimeECL) forother receivablesandgrantreceivableswhichtherehasbeenasignificantincreaseincreditrisksinceinitialrecognition.
TheprobabilityofdefaultisinitiallybasedontheCouncil’shistoricalobserveddefaultrates.TheCouncilwillcalibratetheprobabilitytoadjusthistoricalcreditlossexperiencewithforward-lookinginformation.Ateveryreportingdate,historicaldefaultratesareupdatedandchangesintheforward-lookingestimatesareanalysed.
Theassessmentofthecorrelationbetweenhistoricalobserveddefaultrates,forecasteconomicconditionsandECLsisasignificantestimate.TheamountofECLsissensitivetochangesincircumstancesandofforecasteconomicconditions.TheCouncil’shistoricalcreditlossexperienceandforecastofeconomicconditionsmayalsonotberepresentativeofdebtor’sactualdefaultinthefuture.TheinformationabouttheECLsontheCouncil’sotherreceivablesandgrantreceivablesaredisclosedinNote18(a)tothefinancialstatements.
ThecarryingamountoftheCouncil’sotherreceivablesandgrantreceivablesasat31March2019aredisclosedinNote6andNote7tothefinancialstatementsrespectively.
(b) Impairmentofplantandequipment
Plantandequipmentisreviewedforimpairmentwheneverthereisanindicationthattheseassetsmaybeimpaired.TheCouncilconsiderstheguidanceofSB-FRS36inassessingwhetherthereisanyindicationthatanitemoftheaboveassetsmaybeimpaired.Thisassessmentrequiressignificantjudgement.
Ifanysuchindicationexists,therecoverableamountoftheassetsisestimatedtoascertaintheamountofimpairmentloss.Therecoverableamountisdefinedasthehigherofthefairvaluelesscosttosellandvalue-in-use.
Indeterminingthevalue-in-useofassets,theCouncilappliesadiscountedcashflowmodelwherethefuturecashflowsderivedfromsuchassetsarediscountedatanappropriaterate.Forecastsoffuturecashflowareestimatedbasedonfinancialbudgetsandforecastsapprovedbythemanagement.
ThecarryingamountoftheCouncil’splantandequipmentasat31March2019isdisclosedinNote5tothefinancialstatements.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
60 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES (CONTINUED)
3.2 Key sources of estimation uncertainty (continued)
(c) Estimatedusefullivesandresidualvalueofplantandequipment
Thecostofplantandequipmentlessresidualvalueisdepreciatedonastraight-linebasisovertheplantandequipment’sestimatedeconomicusefullives.TheestimatedusefullifeandresidualvaluereflectstheCouncil’sestimateoftheperiodsthattheCouncilintendstoderivefutureeconomicbenefitsfromtheuseoftheplantandequipmentandresidualvaluethattheCouncil’sestimatedtorecoverattheendoftheusefullife.
ThecarryingamountoftheCouncil’splantandequipmentasat31March2019isdisclosedinNote5tothefinancialstatements.
4. REVENUE
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
TypeofservicesPenaltyfee 112,100 123,970Others 623 581
112,723 124,551
TimingoftransferofservicesAtapointintime 112,723 124,551
61ANNUAL REPORT 2019
5. PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
ComputerFurniture equipment/ Office
Renovation and fittings software equipment TotalS$ S$ S$ S$ S$
CostAt1April2017 120,946 32,598 39,094 7,130 199,768Additions 139,938 8,982 – 686 149,606Disposals – (10,639) (1,133) – (11,772)At31March2018and
1April2018 260,884 30,941 37,961 7,816 337,602Additions – – 16,097 2,193 18,290At 31 March 2019 260,884 30,941 54,058 10,009 355,892
Accumulated depreciationAt1April2017 54,304 19,637 2,313 5,372 81,626
Depreciationcharge 47,441 4,776 11,892 502 64,611Disposals – (7,930) (1,133) – (9,063)At31March2018and
1April2018 101,745 16,483 13,072 5,874 137,174Depreciationcharge 52,177 5,120 13,326 632 71,255At 31 March 2019 153,922 21,603 26,398 6,506 208,429
Carrying amountAt 31 March 2019 106,962 9,338 27,660 3,503 147,463
At31March2018 159,139 14,458 24,889 1,942 200,428
6. OTHER RECEIVABLES
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Accruedincome 11,250 53,953Deposits 60,606 60,606
71,856 114,559
OtherreceivablesaredenominatedinSingaporeDollar.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
62 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
7. GRANT RECEIVABLES
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Atthebeginningofthefinancialyear 363,449 795,954Amounttakentostatementofcomprehensiveincome(Note2(e)) 8,021,553 6,346,812Transfertodeferredcapitalgrants(Note11) 13,981 5,197Operatinggrantsreceivedduringtheyear (7,979,045) (6,633,239)ReimbursementsofAgencyFacilityManagementServices(Note20) (153,542) (151,275)Attheendofthefinancialyear 266,396 363,449
Governmentgrantrepresenting:Grantreceivables 266,396 363,449
GrantreceivablesaredenominatedinSingaporeDollar.
8. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Cashatbank 1,172,697 552,207CashdepositswithAGD 652,263 -
1,824,960 552,207
CashdepositswithAGDcomprisesbankbalancesheldbyAccountant-General’sDepartment(“AGD”).
CashandcashequivalentsaredenominatedinSingaporeDollar.
9. OTHER PAYABLES
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Otherpayables 262,072 112,060Securitydeposits 31,500 12,000Accruedexpenses 458,817 417,442
752,389 541,502
OtherpayablesaredenominatedintheSingaporeDollar.
63ANNUAL REPORT 2019
10. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONSOLIDATED FUND
UnderSection13(1)(e)andtheFirstScheduleoftheSingaporeIncomeTaxAct,Chapter134,theincomeoftheCouncilisexemptfromincometax.
In lieu of income tax, the Council is required to make contribution to the Government Consolidated Fund inaccordancewiththeStatutoryCorporations(ContributionstoConsolidatedFund)Act,Chapter319A.TheprovisionisbasedontheguidelinesspecifiedbytheMinistryofFinanceandiscomputedbasedonthenetsurplusoftheCouncilforeachofthefinancialyearattheprevailingcorporatetaxratefortheYearofAssessment.
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Provisionforcurrentyearcontributions 121,178 43,790
Reconciliationofeffectivetaxrate:
Surplusbeforecontributionstoconsolidatedfund 949,872 257,586
Taxatstatutoryrateof17%(2017/2018:17%) 161,478 43,790Effectof:- Utilisationofdeferredtaxassetsnotrecognisedpreviously (40,300) –Contributionstoconsolidatedfundrecognisedin
statementofcomprehensiveincome 121,178 43,790
11. DEFERRED CAPITAL GRANTS
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Atthebeginningofthefinancialyear 79,983 118,142Transferfromoperatinggrants(Note7) 13,981 5,197Amounttakentostatementofcomprehensiveincome(Note2(e)) (41,831) (43,356)Attheendofthefinancialyear 52,133 79,983
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
64 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
12. SHARE CAPITAL
2018/2019 2017/2018 2018/2019 2017/2018Numberofshares S$ S$
Issued and fully paid up ordinary shares:Atthebeginningofthefinancialyear 194,628 – 194,628 -Equityinjection 37,790 194,628 37,790 194,628Attheendofthefinancialyear 232,418 194,628 232,418 194,628
Duringthefinancialyear,theCouncilreceivedadditionalproceedsfromequityfinancingofS$37,790(2017/2018:S$194,628)fromtheMinistryofFinance.37,790(2017/2018:194,628)ordinarysharesissuedduringthefinancialyearwereheldby theMinister forFinance,abody incorporatedby theMinister forFinance(Incorporation)Act(Chapter183)initscapacityasshareholderundertheCapitalManagementFrameworkforstatutoryboards.Theholderoftheseshares,whichhasnoparvalue,isentitledtoreceivedividends.
13. ACCUMULATED SURPLUS
ThebalancerepresentsunutilisedsurplusoftheCouncil.
14. LICENCE FEES
AlllicencefeesreceivedbytheCouncilaretakenintotheConsolidatedFundandbankaccountmaintainedbytheAccountantGeneral’sDepartmentinaccordancewithSection26B(2)ofthePublicTransportCouncilAct,Chapter259B.ThefollowinglicencefeesreceivedduringthefinancialyeararethereforenotincludedinthestatementofcomprehensiveincomeorstatementoffinancialpositionoftheCouncil.
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Ticketpaymentservicelicencefees 32,700 26,700
65ANNUAL REPORT 2019
15. SIGNIFICANT RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Purchaseofservices
For thepurposeof thesefinancialstatements,partiesareconsideredtoberelatedtotheCouncil if theCouncilhastheability,directlyorindirectly,tocontrolthepartyorexercisesignificantinfluenceoverthepartyinmakingfinancialandoperatingdecisions,orviceversa,orwheretheCouncilandthepartyaresubjecttocommoncontrolorcommonsignificantinfluence.Relatedpartiesmaybeindividualsorotherentities.UnderSB-FRS24,theparentMinistryandothergovernmentagenciesaredeemedasrelatedparties.
Otherthandisclosedelsewhereinthefinancialstatements,thetransactionswithrelatedpartiesbasedonagreedtermsareasfollows:
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
MinistriesManpower-relatedservices 59,240 -Supportservices 347,823 42,373
Statutory BoardsManpower-relatedservices 759,768 1,364,669Supportservices 107,586 102,854
Compensationofkeymanagementpersonnel
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Salaries,allowancesandbenefits 1,471,155 1,345,421Employer’scontributiontoCentralProvidentFund 83,918 86,700
1,555,073 1,432,121
TheaboveincludesCouncilMembers’allowanceofS$107,269(2017/2018:S$107,663).
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
66 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
16. COMMITMENTS
TheCouncilhasentered into leaseagreement for itsofficepremisesandofficeequipment.These leaseshaveanaveragetenureofbetween3and5yearswithanoptiontorenewtheleaseafterthatdateorcontingentrentprovisionincludedinthecontracts.
Futureminimumrentalpayableundernon-cancellableoperating leasesat theendof the reportingyearareasfollows:
2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Notlaterthanoneyear 295,294 285,098Laterthanoneyearandnotlaterthanfiveyears 160,464 407,977
455,758 693,075
Minimumleasepaymentsrecognisedasanexpenseinstatementofcomprehensiveincomeforthefinancialyearended31March2019amountedtoS$291,249(2017/2018:S$288,294).
17. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Assetsandliabilitiesnotmeasuredatfairvalue
Otherreceivables,grantreceivables,cashandcashequivalentsandotherpayables
Thecarryingamountsofthesebalancesapproximatetheirfairvaluesduetotheshort-termnatureofthesebalances.
18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
TheCouncil’sactivitiesexposeittoavarietyoffinancialrisksfromitsoperations.Thekeyfinancialrisksincludecreditrisk,liquidityriskandmarketrisk(includinginterestrateriskandforeigncurrencyrisk).
TheCouncildoesnothaveaformaloverallriskmanagementprogrammebutreviewstheoverallriskonaninformalbasis.RiskmanagementisdeterminedandcarriedoutbytheCouncil’sManagement.
ThefollowingsectionsprovidedetailsregardingtheCouncil’sexposuretotheabove-mentionedfinancialrisksandtheobjectivesandprocessesforthemanagementoftheserisks.
TherehasbeennochangetotheCouncil’sexposuretothesefinancialrisksorthemannerinwhichitmanagesandmeasurestherisks.
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18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)
(a) Creditrisk
Credit risk refers to the risk that the counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in alosstotheCouncil.TheCouncil’sexposuretocreditriskarisesprimarily fromotherreceivablesandgrantreceivables.Forotherfinancialassets(includingcashandcashequivalents),theCouncilminimisescreditriskbydealingexclusivelywithhighcreditratingcounterparties.
TheCouncil hasadoptedapolicyof onlydealingwithcreditworthycounterparties. TheCouncilperformsongoingcreditevaluationofitscounterparties’financialconditionandgenerallydonotrequireacollateral.
TheCouncilconsiderstheprobabilityofdefaultuponinitialrecognitionofassetandwhethertherehasbeenasignificantincreaseincreditriskonanongoingbasisthroughouteachreportingperiod.
TheCouncilhasdeterminedthedefaulteventonafinancialassettobewheninternaland/orexternalinformationindicatesthatthefinancialassetisunlikelytobereceived,whichcouldincludedefaultofcontractualpaymentsdueformorethan90days,defaultofinterestdueformorethan90daysorthereissignificantdifficultyofthecounterparty.
Tominimise credit risk, the Council has developed andmaintained the Council’s credit risk gradings tocategoriseexposuresaccordingtotheirdegreeofriskofdefault.ThecreditratinginformationissuppliedbypubliclyavailablefinancialinformationandtheCouncil’sowntradingrecordstorateitsmajorcustomersandotherdebtors.TheCouncilconsidersavailablereasonableandsupportiveforward-lookinginformationwhichincludesthefollowingindicators:
- Internalcreditrating
- Externalcreditrating
- Actualorexpectedsignificantadversechangesinbusiness,financialoreconomicconditionsthatareexpectedtocauseasignificantchangetothedebtor’sabilitytomeetitsobligations
- Actualorexpectedsignificantchangesintheoperatingresultsofthedebtor
- Significantincreasesincreditriskonotherfinancialinstrumentsofthesamedebtor
- Significantchangesintheexpectedperformanceandbehaviourofthedebtor,includingchangesinthepaymentstatusofdebtorsinthegroupandchangesintheoperatingresultsofthedebtor.
Regardlessoftheanalysisabove,asignificantincreaseincreditriskispresumedifadebtorismorethan90dayspastdueinmakingcontractualpayment.
TheCouncildeterminedthatitsfinancialassetsarecredit-impairedwhen:
- Thereissignificantdifficultyofthedebtor
- Abreachofcontract,suchasadefaultorpastdueevent
- Itisbecomingprobablethatthedebtorwillenterbankruptcyorotherfinancialreorganisation
- Thereisadisappearanceofanactivemarketforthatfinancialassetbecauseoffinancialdifficulty
TheCouncilcategorisesareceivableforpotentialwrite-offwhenadebtorfailstomakecontractualpaymentsmorethan90dayspastdue.Financialassetsarewrittenoffwhenthereisevidenceindicatingthatthedebtorisinseverefinancialdifficultyandthedebtorhasnorealisticprospectofrecovery.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
68 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)
(a) Creditrisk(continued)
TheCouncil’scurrentcreditriskgradingframeworkcomprisesthefollowingcategories:
Category Definition of categoryBasis for recognising expected credit loss (ECL)
ICounterpartyhasalowriskofdefaultanddoesnothaveanypast-dueamounts. 12-monthECL
IIAmount is >30 days past due or there has beenasignificant increase incredit risksince initialrecognition. LifetimeECL–notcredit-impaired
IIIAmount is>60dayspastdueor there isevidenceindicatingtheassetiscredit-impaired(indefault). LifetimeECL–credit-impaired
IV
There is evidence indicating that the debtor is inseverefinancialdifficultyandthedebtorhasnorealisticprospectofrecovery. Amountiswrittenoff
ThetablebelowdetailsthecreditqualityoftheCouncil’sfinancialassets,aswellasmaximumexposuretocreditriskbycreditriskratingcategories:
Note Category12-month or lifetime ECL
Gross carrying amount
Loss allowance
Net carrying amount
S$ S$ S$
31 March 2019Otherreceivables 6 I 12-monthECL 71,856 – 71,856Grantsreceivables 7 I 12-monthECL 266,396 – 266,396
–1 April 2018Otherreceivables 6 I 12-monthECL 114,559 – 114,559Grantsreceivable 7 I 12-monthECL 363,449 – 363,449
–
Otherreceivablesandgrantreceivables
TheCouncilassessedthe latestperformanceandfinancialpositionof thecounterparties,adjustedfor thefutureoutlookoftheindustryinwhichthecounterpartiesoperatein,andconcludedthattherehasbeennosignificantincreaseinthecreditrisksincetheinitialrecognitionofthefinancialassets.Accordingly,theCouncilmeasuredtheimpairmentlossallowanceusing12-monthECLanddeterminedthattheECLisinsignificant.
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18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED)
(b) Liquidityrisk
LiquidityriskreferstotheriskthattheCouncilwillencounterdifficultiesinmeetingitsshort-termobligationsdue toshortageof funds.TheCouncil’sexposure to liquidity riskarisesprimarily frommismatchesof thematuritiesoffinancialassetsandliabilities.Itismanagedbymatchingthepaymentandreceiptcycles.
The Council manages liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient funding from the Government to finance itsoperations. TheCouncil exercises prudent liquidity and cash flow riskmanagement policies and aims atmaintaininghighlevelofliquidityandcashflowatalltimes.
Allfinancialassetsandliabilitiesarerepayableondemandorduewithin1yearfromtheendofthereportingperiod.
(c) Marketrisk
Marketriskistheriskthatchangesinmarketprices,suchasinterestratesandforeignexchangerateswillaffecttheCouncil’sincome.Theobjectiveofmarketriskmanagementistomanageandcontrolmarketriskexposureswithinacceptableparameters,whileoptimisingthereturnonrisk.
(i) Interestraterisk
InterestrateriskistheriskthatthefairvalueorfuturecashflowsoftheCouncil’sfinancialinstrumentswillfluctuatebecauseofchangesinmarketinterestrates.
Attheendofthereportingperiod,theCouncilhaslimitedexposuretointerestraterisk.
(ii) Foreigncurrencyrisk
TheCouncil’sforeignexchangeriskresultsmainlyfromcashflowsfromtransactionsdenominatedinforeigncurrencies.Atpresent,theCouncildoesnothaveanyformalpolicyforhedgingagainstcurrencyrisk.TheCouncilensuresthatthenetexposureiskepttoanacceptablelevelbybuyingorsellingforeigncurrenciesatspotrates,wherenecessary,toaddressshorttermimbalances.
Attheendofthereportingperiod,theCouncildoesnothaveanysignificantforeigncurrencyrisk.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
70 PUBLIC TRANSPORT COUNCIL
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
19. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS BY CATEGORY
Atthereportingdate,theaggregatecarryingamountsoffinancialassetsatamortisedcostandfinancialliabilitiesatamortisedcostwereasfollows:
Note 2018/2019 2017/2018S$ S$
Financial assets measured at amortised costOtherreceivables 6 71,856 114,559Grantreceivables 7 266,396 363,449Cashandcashequivalents 8 1,824,960 552,207Totalfinancialassetsmeasuredatamortisedcost 2,163,212 1,030,215
Financial liabilities measured at amortised costOtherpayables 9 752,389 541,502Totalfinancialliabilitiesmeasuredatamortisedcost 752,389 541,502
20. AGENCY FACILITY MANAGEMENT SERVICES GRANT
The Council incurred S$153,542 (2017/2018: S$151,275) for the Agency FacilityManagement services, whichencompasshelpdesk,onsiteengineerssupportandnetworksupport.TheamountwasfundedviaoperatinggrantsretainedanddisbursedbytheMinistryofTransport.
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21. COMPARATIVE FIGURES - RECLASSIFICATION
Certainreclassificationshavebeenmadetothepriorfinancialyear’sfinancialstatementstoenhancecomparabilitywithcurrentfinancialyear’sfinancialstatements.Asaresult,certainlineitemshavebeenamendedonthefaceofstatementofcomprehensiveincome,statementoffinancialpositionandtherelatednotestothefinancialstatements.
Theitemsreclassifiedwereasfollows:
Previously reported Reclassification
After reclassification
S$ S$ S$
Statement of Comprehensive IncomeGeneraladministration 71,436 (37,438) 33,998Others 23,529 29,298 52,827Professionalfees – 23,367 23,367Staffcosts- Salaries,allowancesandbenefits 3,246,589 19,536 3,266,125Stafftraining 116,294 (15,227) 101,067Transport 31,162 (19,536) 11,626
Statement of Financial PositionPrepayments – 2,237 2,237Otherreceivables 116,796 (2,237) 114,559Bankbalances 552,207 (552,207) –Cashandcashequivalents – 552,207 552,207Otherpayables 3,000 538,502 541,502Securitydeposits 12,000 (12,000) –Accruedoperatingexpenses 526,502 (526,502) –
22. AUTHORISATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR ISSUE
Thefinancialstatementsforthefinancialyearended31March2019wereauthorisedforissueinaccordancewitharesolutionoftheCouncilon28June2019.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSForthefinancialyearended31March2019
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GENERALINFORMATIONForthefinancialyearended31March2019
COUNCIL MEMBERS
Mr.RichardMagnusMr.TanKimHongMr.AbdullahShafiieBinMdSidikMr.AdrianChuaTsenLeongMs.AnneChuaTaiHuaMr.Arasus/oDuraisamyMs.ChuaLeeHoongMr.FangChinPohMr.GopinathMenonMr.KarmjitSinghDr.KwohCheeKeongMs.LeeHuayLengAssociateProfessorPatriciaTanMuiSiangMr.SngChernWeiMdm.TanSeowPeerAssociateProfessorVincentChuaChengHuatMr.YeoTeckGuan
AUDITORS
AssurancePartnersLLPPublicAccountantsandCharteredAccountantsofSingapore140PayaLebarRoad#05-16AZ@PayaLebarSingapore409015Telephone:(65)67023178Fax:(65)66353038Auditor-In-Charge:GohGeokLin
REGISTERED OFFICE
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PRINCIPAL BANKER
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73ANNUAL REPORT 2019
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