Beyond supplementary material · Opus Majus Theories supplied by reason should be verified by sensory data, aided by instruments, and corroborated by trustworthy witnesses Opus Tertium

Beyondsupplementarymaterial:sharingdataeffectivelythroughrepositoriesanddatajournalsAndrewLHuftonManagingEditor,ScientificData

[email protected]

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Scienceisabouttrust(withevidence)

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A.L.HuftonLausanne2017

OpusMajusTheoriessuppliedbyreasonshouldbeverifiedbysensorydata,aidedbyinstruments,andcorroboratedbytrustworthywitnesses

OpusTertiumThestrongestargumentprovesnothingsolongastheconclusionsarenotverifiedbyexperience.

RogerBacon,1214– 1292

“ “

Backingupyourclaimswithevidencehasalwaysbeenakeypartofscience

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Withoutproperdatahandlingthingscangowrong…

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Raisingreportingstandardsfordatadescription

(a)WesternblotofcelllysatesofcontrolandRac1-siRNA-treatedMTLn3cells,blottedforRac1andβ-actin.Arepresentativeimageisshownfrom3blots.(b)MTLn3cellstransfectedwithcontrolorRac1siRNAandplatedonAlexa-405-conjugatedgelatinovernight.Arrowspointtoinvadopodia andsitesofdegradation.Scalebars,10μm.Representativeimagesetsareshownfrom50imagesetseachforthecontrolandRac1siRNA.(c)Quantificationofmeandegradationareapercellfromb,includingRac1inhibitorNSC23766treatmentat100μM.n =60fieldsforeachcondition,pooledfrom5independentexperiments;errorbarsares.e.m.Student’st-testwasused.**P =0.00022,^ ^P =0.011639.Uncropped images ofblotsareshowninSupplementaryFig.9.

Checklisttoimprovefigurelegendsandreportinghttp://www.nature.com/authors/policies/checklist.pdf

statementofreplication

definitionofn

definitionofstatistictestsNatureCellBiology 16,571–583(2014)doi:10.1038/ncb2972

rawsourcedata

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• Macroeconomicsgrewfromthesharingofgovernmentdatawitheconomists

• Meteorologyandclimatescience:Therehasbeeninternationalsharingofweatherdataforover100years

• Bioinformatics:MadepossiblebyopensharingofproteinstructureandDNAsequencedata

Large-scaledatasharingisalsonotnewwholefieldshavebeenbornfromeffectivedatasharing

Sieber,J.E.DataSharinginHistoricalPerspective (2015)http://www.socialsciencespace.com/2015/09/data-sharing-in-historical-perspective/Hufton,A.L.Sharingthestructuresdoi:10.1038/nature13369(2014)

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Datasharingadvancesscience

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Datasharingisinthepublicinterest

Ø Weencourageourauthorstosharedatarelatedtopublichealthemergenciesassoonaspossible,evenprior topeerrevieworpublication.

Nature 518, 477–479 (2015)

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Datasharing– everyone’sdoingit

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The current situation

• Mostresearchersaresharingdata,andusingthedataofothers

• Directcontactbetweenresearchers(onrequest)isacommonwayofsharingdata

• Repositoriesaresecondmostcommonmethodofsharing

Kratz JE,Strasser C(2015)ResearcherPerspectivesonPublicationandPeerReviewofData.PLoS ONE10(2):e0117619.

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FundamentalsharingpolicyforNature andtheNatureresearchjournals

Aninherentprincipleofpublicationisthatothersshouldbeabletoreplicateandbuildupontheauthors'publishedclaims.AconditionofpublicationinaNaturejournalisthatauthorsarerequiredtomakematerials,data,code,andassociatedprotocolspromptlyavailabletoreaderswithoutunduequalifications.Anyrestrictionsontheavailabilityofmaterialsorinformationmustbedisclosedtotheeditors…[and]…inthe submittedmanuscript.

Supportingdatamustbemadeavailabletoeditorsandpeer-reviewersatthetimeofsubmissionforthepurposesofevaluatingthemanuscript.

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Seehttp://www.nature.com/authors/policies/availability.html

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Sharinguponrequesthasproblems

Replotted from:Vinesetal. CurrentBiology(2014)doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.014

RawdataatDryaddoi:10.5061/dryad.q3g37

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5%

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15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

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0 5 10 15 20 25

dataareextan

t(percentofp

ublications)

Ageofpublication(years)

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• Clearpreferenceforsharinglargedatasetsviapublicrepositories.

• Enforcedatadepositioninfieldswherethereisstrongcommunityconsensus

• ListofpublicdatarepositoriesnowmaintainedbyScientificData

• EncourageauthorstopublishDataDescriptorsatScientificData• before,withoraftertheanalysispaper• editorsworkwithauthors

• Dataavailabilitystatementsrequired

Data-accesspracticesstrengthenedinNaturejournals

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Shareyourdatainausefulmanner

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Opendataisaboutmorethandisclosure– itmustbe“FAIR”

• Findable• Accessible• Interoperable• Re-usable

How do you make your data useful?

Wilkinsonetal.Sci.Datadoi:10.1038/sdata.2016.18 (2016)

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Publishitassupplementaryinformation

• Oftensufficientforsmalldatasets• Generallystableovertime• Generallycompatiblewitharangeofinformationtypes

But,• Oftenpoorlycuratedandnotalwaysthoroughlyreviewed– quality

variessignificantly• Notoftenmachine-readable• Hardtociteseparately,lackofcredit

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A B C D E1 Group1 Group22 Day 03 Sodium 139 1424 Potassium 3.3 4.85 Chloride 100 1086 BUN 18 187 Creatine 1.2 1.28 Uric acid 5.5* 6.2*9 Day 710 Sodium 140 14611 Potassium 3.4 5.112 Chloride 97 108

S1Sh.cuo

Poordatalayout

Meaninglesscolumntitles

Specialcharacterscancausetextmining

errors

Nounits

Unhelpfuldocumentname

Undefinedabbreviation

Formattingforinformationthatshouldbeinmetadata

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A B C D E F1 Parameter Day Control Treated Units P2 Sodium 0 139 142 mEq/l 0.823 Sodium 7 140 146 mEq/l 0.704 Sodium 14 140 158 mEq/l 0.035 Sodium 21 143 160 mEq/l 0.026 Potassium 0 3.3 4.8 mEq/l 0.067 Potassium 7 3.4 5.1 mEq/l 0.078 Potassium 14 3.7 4.7 mEq/l 0.109 Potassium 21 3.1 3.6 mEq/l 0.5210 Chloride 0 100 108 mEq/l 0.5611 Chloride 7 97 108 mEq/l 0.6812 Chloride 14 101 106 mEq/l 0.79

Table_S1_Shanghai_blood.xls

Betterdatalayout

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• Manycommunitieshavedevelopedspecificguidelinesforreportingcertainkindsofdata

• Checkjournalguidelinestoseewhatisrequired.• Canhelpyouformatyourdatainausefulmanner

• Browseinformationonover600reportingstandards• Findstandardsthatarerelevanttoyourtypeofdata

Knowtherelevantstandardsinyourcommunity

(https://biosharing.org)

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Findtherightrepositoryforyourdata

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Whattolookforinadatarepository

• Qualitycuration

• Acommitmenttolong-termpreservation

• Featuresthatsupportcollaborativeanalysis

• Featuresthatallowyoukeepdataprivateuntilyouarereadytopublish.

• Investigatedataarchivingoptionsatyourinstitution

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Browseourrecommendeddatarepositoryonline.• Wecurrentlylistmorethan90 repositories,acrossthe

biological,physicalandsocialsciences• Weadviseauthorsonthebestplacetostoretheirdata


http://www.nature.com/sdata/policies/repositories

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Publishyourdata

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• Aclear,peerrevieweddescriptionofdata,tomaximizeusage• Citablepublicationsthatgivecreditforreusabledata• Severaljournalspublishdatapaperformats,includingGigaScience,Earth

SystemsScienceData,andatNature,ScientificData

thedatapaper

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Get Credit for Sharing Your DataPublications will be indexed and citeable.

Open-accessArticles are published by default under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC BY). Each publication supported by CC0 metadata.

Focused on Data ReuseAll the information others need to reuse the data; no interpretative analysis, or hypothesis testing

Peer-reviewedRigorous peer-review focused on technical data quality and reuse value

Promoting Community Data RepositoriesNot a new data repository; data stored in community data repositories

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LaunchedinMay2014

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TheDataDescriptorarticle-type

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Data DescriptorFocus on data reuse

Sections:• Title• Abstract• Background&Summary• Methods• DataRecords• TechnicalValidation• UsageNotes• Figures&Tables• References• DataCitations

• Detaileddescriptionsofthemethodsandtechnicalanalysessupportingthequalityofthemeasurements.

• Doesnotcontaintestsofnewscientifichypotheses

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• Screen results and in-depth analysis published in 2011 at PNAS

• Full screen data published at Scientific Datain 2014

• Data at figshare

• Data Descriptor cited 89 times according to Google Scholar!

ADataDescriptor

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Neuroscience

CodeinGitHub

• Previously unpublished dataset

• Data in OpenfMRI• Cited 39 times according

to Google Scholar• Authors ran an analysis

challenge after publication

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Thinkbeyondyourowndata

citethedataofotherswhenyouuseit

beadata-mindedpeer-reviewer

usedataresponsibly

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Getthemostfromyourdata

PreserveitEncouragereuse

Getcredit

Encourageotherstodothesame

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Now launched!

Visit nature.com/scientificdata

Email [email protected]

Tweet @ScientificData

Managing EditorAndrew L. [email protected]

Honorary Academic EditorSusanna-Assunta Sansone

Data Curation EditorVarsha Khodiyar

Senior Publishing AssistantJoseph Salter

Head of Data PublishingIain Hrynaszkiewicz

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Beyond supplementary material · Opus Majus Theories supplied by reason should be verified by sensory data, aided by instruments, and corroborated by trustworthy witnesses Opus Tertium